Battleship "Victory"
"Victory", translated as "Victory", Lord Nelson's flagship during the Battle of Trafalgar, became the fifth ship of the English fleet to bear this name. Its predecessor, a 100-gun battleship, was wrecked and lost with its entire crew in October 1744.
A new 100-gun ship of the line was ordered at the end of 1758, during the Seven Years' War. Its construction began the following summer in Chatham; the talented shipbuilder Thomas Slade developed the design and supervised the work. Perhaps, with a different development of events, the ship would have been built much faster, but the victories of the British fleet made haste unnecessary. By the way, the ship owes its name to the victories won in 1759, because the unfortunate fate of the previous battleship of the same name weighed on the people who chose the name for the new combat unit for some time.
The main material for the construction of Victory was beautiful, well-seasoned oak (a total of about 10,000 m3 of wood was required) - the procurement of materials began long before the start of work. The keel was made of elm; pine and other conifers were also used during construction. It is to high-quality wood that the ship owes its long and glorious career. It was launched in May 1765, but the Royal Navy did not feel the need for a three-deck giant at that time. As a result, until 1778, the Victory stood in the Medway River without weapons or crew.
Everything changed after the rebellious North American colonies were supported by France, which had a strong battle fleet. Now ships of the first rank were in demand, and by order of the commander of the Western Squadron (it was unofficially called the Canal Fleet from the English Channel) Admiral Augustus Keppel, the Victory was equipped with a crew (John Campbell became the first commander) and armed. The ship had the following characteristics: displacement - 3556 tons, maximum length - 69.3 m, on the main deck - 56.7 m, width - 15.8 m, draft - 8.8 m, distance from the waterline to the top of the mainmast - 62.5 m, sail area - 5440 m3, speed in normal wind - 9 knots, crew size - 850 people. The design armament consisted of 30 42-pounder guns on the gondeck, 28 24-pounder guns on the middeck, 30 12-pounder guns on the front deck, and 12 6-pounder guns on the quarterdeck and forecastle. But in preparation for the ship's commissioning, instead of 42 pound guns, 32 pound guns were installed on it. 42 pound guns were replaced by 32 pound guns.
"Victory"
Already on July 23, 1778, the Victory, on which Keppel held his flag, took part in the Battle of Ouessant. At one point in the battle, the flagship ships “Victory” and the 110-gun “Brittany”, on which was the French admiral Louis Gillouet, Count d'Orvilliers, came into contact with each other. The duel lasted only a few minutes, but each of the giants managed to inflict quite serious damage on the enemy. On the Vitori, which lost a total of 35 people killed and wounded during the battle, the mast was damaged (especially the foremast, which threatened to collapse at any moment), but the Brittany received many hits in the hull, and some of its guns were knocked out. The 90-gun ship Ville de Paris, which was following the Brittany, also suffered from the fire of the Victory cannons.
At the beginning of 1780, the Victory underwent repairs; to protect it from woodworms, its underwater part was sheathed with copper (3,923 sheets were required), and the armament underwent changes. So, 42 pounds returned to the lower deck, and carronades appeared for the first time in the bow of the upper deck - relatively small, 24 pounds. In this form, the battleship, commanded by Captain Henry Cromwell, under the flag of Rear Admiral Richard Kempefelt, took part in the attack on a French convoy in December 1781 (the Second Battle of Ouessant), when the British captured a dozen and a half merchant ships.
The end of the war led to the fact that in March 1783 the Victory in Portsmouth was put into reserve. In 1787-1788 she was thoroughly repaired and then returned to reserve. But the fleet soon began to increase its numbers as relations with France, where the revolution took place, quickly deteriorated. The ship of the first rank was first needed by the Canal Fleet, and then was sent to the Mediterranean Sea, where it found itself in the thick of things. Under the flag of Admiral Samuel Hood, he took part in the actions at Toulon and the Corsican campaign, during which the British took Bastia and Calvi. But the ship especially distinguished itself in January 1797 in the battle of Cape St. Vincent, where it was the flagship of Admiral John Jervis. Despite the Spanish numerical superiority, the British commander resolutely attacked the enemy and defeated him, earning the title of Earl of St. Vincent. Then “Victory” had a chance to meet in battle with the Spanish giant “Santissima Trinidad”.
However, this is where Victory’s glorious biography almost ended. In October 1797, the ship, which was not in the best condition, was laid up in Chatham and then turned into a floating hospital. And then fickle Fortune intervened: in October 1799, the battleship Impregnable was wrecked. They decided to find a replacement among the old ships, and the choice fell on Victory. They decided to return the “Veteran” to service, and in February 1800, extensive work began on it. The battleship was overhauled, re-equipped, and from mid-April 1803 it was again considered a first-rank ship. And on May 16, Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson raised the flag for the first time on Victory.
Until the fall of 1805, Victory successfully served, and was even able to distinguish herself during the capture of the French 32-gun frigate Embuscade. But the ship really gained fame off the coast of Spain. In September, Victory, flying Nelson's flag, arrived at Cadiz, where the British were blockading Admiral Villeneuve's Franco-Spanish squadron. The battleship carried the following weapons: on the gondeck there were 30 long-barreled 32-pounder guns, on the middeck - 28 also long-barreled 24-pounder guns, on the front deck - 30 12-pounder guns, on the quarterdeck - 12 of the same guns, on the forecastle - two 12-pounder guns and two formidable 68-pounder guns carronades. The ship was commanded by Nelson's friend, one of the members of the famous "brotherhood" Captain Thomas Hardy.
In the great battle that took place near Cape Trafalgar on October 21, Victory led the bottom of two wake columns that cut through the Franco-Spanish formation. To encourage his men, Nelson ordered the famous signal to be raised: “England Expects That Every Man Will Do His Duty.” Usually at that time the flagships were in the middle of the battle line, but at Trafalgar Nelson found it necessary to put forward the ships of the first rank (the second column was led by the 100-gun Royal Sovereign under the flag of the junior flagship Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood), which had the most durable hulls.
The British commander's plan was completely justified. Having withstood energetic, but not very accurate enemy fire while approaching (the most serious damage to the tiller during this period of the battle was the damage to the tiller; the steering wheel had to be steered from the lower deck), the Victory, while passing astern of the French flagship Busantor, received a crushing longitudinal salvo. Villeneuve's ship immediately found itself with many killed and wounded, and up to 20 guns were out of action. According to Hardy, the most successful shot was made by a carronade loaded with grapeshot on the port side. The starboard guns were not left idle either, successfully firing at the Redoutable. This ship soon turned out to be very badly damaged and disabled, but before that, it was from its Mars that a French non-commissioned officer at 13:25 mortally wounded Nelson with an accurate shot. He was carried down, but this could no longer prevent the British from achieving an outstanding victory. The admiral died at 16:30, having still had time to learn about the brilliant victory and complete defeat of the enemy.
The casualties on the Victory were 57 killed and 102 wounded; the ship was seriously damaged, having lost its mast. He was brought to Gibraltar in tow. But this was no longer important: supremacy of the seas remained with Britain until the end of the war.
The ship's active service continued until the fall of 1812, after which it was turned into a blockade. Victory served as an auxiliary unit until 1922, when work on its restoration began using funds from a special fund. The restoration was completed in 1928, and since then Victory has been in dry dock in Portsmouth, being one of the main attractions of the city. By the way, contrary to popular belief, the ship is not just a museum; it is still part of the Royal Navy.
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“The “Victory” bones should be sacred relics...”. William Thackeray
Battleship "Victory" (eng. - HMS Victory)- the flagship ship of the British navy, launched back in 1765, which took part in many famous naval battles and has survived to this day. During the Battle of Trafalgar on board "Victory" was mortally wounded Admiral Nelson. The sailboat now sits in a dry dock in Portsmouth and serves as a maritime museum.
"Victory" was laid down on July 23, 1759 at a shipyard in the city of Chatham, at the height of the seven-year war between England and France for influence in the East Indian and North American colonies. The prototype of the new sailing ship was the only battleship Royal George in the British fleet at that time. The construction of the new ship was headed by the chief inspector of the English admiralty, Thomas Slade. It was he who accidentally discovered in one of the warehouses a supply of logs that had been stored there for over ten years, from which the building was subsequently built "Victory". Thanks to these logs, the hull of the sailboat has survived to this day. New battleship "Victory" was supposed to be the fifth sailing ship with this name in the British fleet. The last one died in a storm in 1743. The new ship was built more than leisurely. The finished hull was launched only on May 7, 1765. And all the work on equipping the new vessel was completed after another 13 years! The reason for all this was endless military conflicts, and at the shipyard all efforts were thrown into repairing ships damaged in battles.
In 1778, the battleship "Victory" was finally commissioned into the British navy as a flagship. The first captain of the ship was John Lindsay. More than sixty thousand pounds sterling was spent on the construction of the sailing ship. Battleship "Victory" became one of the largest ships of that time, its hull was 69 meters long and 15.7 meters wide. The sailing ship carried 100 guns of various calibers: from six to 42 pounds; a simultaneous salvo from all its guns amounted to approximately 500 kilograms of metal. The sailboat had a double skin (external and internal), made of the best types of wood; later, the underwater part of the ship’s hull was sheathed with copper sheets. Main decorations "Victory" steel bow figure depicting King George III, and balconies at the stern of the ship, decorated with carvings. The sailing ship had cabins only for the admiral and the captain; there were no cabins for the sailors; they slept right on one of the decks (there were four in total) in hammocks, which were rolled up during the day and put away in special boxes. Ammunition for numerous guns was stored in the bow magazine, and during the battle bombs were raised to the upper decks by hand. The sides of the ship were black with cannon ports highlighted in yellow. The crew of the sailing ship consisted of almost a thousand people.
Battleship "Victory" conscientiously carried out his service, defending the interests of England in the sea, until 1798. During this time, he took part in such battles as the Battle of St. Vincent in 1797 and the Battle of Ouessant in 1778. But the most famous battle "Victory" was still ahead.
In 1798, they suddenly decided to exclude the battleship from the navy, deciding that the ship had already served enough in 20 years. And the flagship turned first into a hospital, and then into a floating prison. But already in 1799, the British Admiralty changed its decision, and the ship was sent for repairs. The repair of the ship lasted until 1803 and cost more than seventy pounds sterling, more than the entire original construction.
On September 15, 1805, the admiral’s flag was raised over the renovated ship - to command "Victory" became the famous naval commander Horatio Nelson. At this time, the so-called Napoleonic Wars were in full swing. On October 21, 1805, the famous Battle of Trafalgar took place, in which the British fleet defeated the French-Spanish allied forces. Admiral Nelson had 27 ships at his disposal, against 33 enemy ones. The French-Spanish squadron was commanded by Admiral Villeneuve. As a result of this battle, the British opponents lost 18 ships and 7,000 people (2,600 killed and wounded, 4,400 captured), while the British managed to save all their ships, but they also lost 450 people killed and 1,230 wounded. The most important loss of the British was the famous admiral - Horatio Nelson was mortally wounded on board "Victory". During the battle, the sailing ship itself suffered: the mizzen mast was broken by the cannonball, the mainsail and foremasts were knocked out of their steps. And after the battle "Victory" was put back in for repairs.
"Victory" at the Battle of Trafalgar After major repairs, the sailing ship participated in several more battles in the Baltic Sea, and in 1811 it became a transport ship. In 1812 "Victory" was expelled from the British navy, having served his homeland faithfully for 53 years. And it would seem that the sailboat’s life should have ended there. Most of its brothers are usually sunk after decommissioning, but "Victory" he was lucky, and for a hundred years he settled in the port of Gosport, becoming a living monument to the events of 1805 at Cape Trafalgar. Since 1824, it has hosted annual dinners in memory of the battle and Admiral Nelson.
Victory today By the beginning of the 20th century, the state "Victory" it was so bad that they wanted to scrap it. But the ship was defended again. J. Callender and D. Sturdy put a lot of effort into this. Thanks to them, significant funds were raised for the next renovation. "Victory". The restoration of the ship was completed in 1922, the sailing ship was placed in permanent dry dock in Portsmouth and became a museum. During World War II, the hull of the sailing ship was pierced by a 250-kilogram aerial bomb, as a result of which the ship underwent another repair.
Today "Victory" one of the most visited and beloved museums in England. This is not just a ship, but a monument to naval glory and the national pride of the British. All proceeds from the excursions go towards maintaining the ship, but now the most important enemy of the legendary battleship has become time, which is gradually destroying the famous ship year after year...
Good morning, my beloved readers and just people who accidentally ended up in my diary.
I would like to ask you, what about taking an excursion right now without leaving your home and you know where?
You can't beat a real ship of the Royal Navy of Great Britain.
Not every one of us has the opportunity to visit the United Kingdom, this majestic country with a rich history. But we have this opportunity...
Interesting photographs, as well as videos, I think, will not leave anyone indifferent.
And be sure to invite your boys to a virtual excursion.
I think they will be interested! 
One of the main attractions in the city of Portsmouth is Admiral Nelson's three-deck ship HMS Victory. This is perhaps the oldest ship in the world to be commissioned. The flagship museum is visited by up to 350,000 people a year.
According to the stories of people who were lucky enough to visit there: if you decide to visit the ship, then you don’t need to take anything other than a camera, since you need to walk there bending over, the ceilings are very low. It’s better to leave your heels at home so that your feet don’t buzz after going up and down the decks. The ship is impressive with its size! If you didn’t have time to see everything, don’t worry, as the ticket is valid for a year.
If you are concerned about the state of the environment, in particular, the content of harmful gases in the atmospheric air, then contact the Russian instrument-making enterprise ZAO OPTEC, which has been producing gas analyzers and gas analytical monitoring systems of its own design since 1989. Among the numerous line of devices produced at the enterprise
are presented in a wide range and are indispensable for calibration and verification of instruments.
For more detailed information, please visit www.optec.ru
And now a little history, a photo tour and at the end a video from the museum ship, which I got on YouTube.
HMS Victory (1765) is a 104-gun ship of the line of the first rank of the Royal Navy of Great Britain. Laid down on July 23, 1759, launched on May 7, 1765. He took part in many naval battles, including the Battle of Trafalgar, during which Admiral Nelson was mortally wounded on board. After 1812, she did not take part in hostilities, and since January 12, 1922, she has been permanently moored in the oldest naval dock in Portsmouth.
Imagine, more than 800 men lived and worked on this ship.
There was practically no light there, and if it came in, it was only through narrow slits from open weapon ports or the dim light of a flashlight.
We slept on 21-inch hammocks. Early in the morning, the hammock was tied and placed in special boxes located along the sides.
There were no cabins for sailors.
In the lower tween deck of the ship there were storerooms for provisions and crew chambers where barrels of gunpowder were stored. There was a bomb magazine in the bow of the tween deck. Of course, there were no mechanical means for lifting gunpowder and cannonballs, and during the battle all ammunition was lifted by hand, moving it from deck to deck by hand. The great disaster on any wooden ship is the inability to ensure complete watertightness. Despite the most careful caulking of the seams, water invariably seeps into the body, accumulates at the bottom, becomes dirty and begins to emit a putrid odor. Therefore, on the Victory, as on any other wooden ship, the sailors were forced to periodically go down inside the hull and pump out the bilge water, for which hand pumps were provided in the midship frame area.
Everything only says that the conditions were difficult. 
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At the stern was the best admiral's cabin on the ship, and below it was the commander's cabin.
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Discipline on the lower decks was very strict and punishments accordingly. For failure to complete the order accurately and on time, the man was shackled and left on the upper deck in the rain and wind
I would like to say that despite everything, Nelson and his team lived and fought bravely.
Admiral Nelson, in his dress uniform, walked along the deck and gave commands, not paying attention to the enemy bullets that the French shooters sent from the masts of their ship. One of the bullets entered the admiral's left shoulder, passed through the chest and lodged in the spine. Nelson fell and was carried indoors.
Mortally wounded Nelson continued to give orders until the last minute. His last order was to anchor all the ships, since a storm was approaching and the ships could be washed up on the rocks. At 16:40, the great admiral died, but the memory remained forever in the hearts of people.
Now "Victory" is one of the most popular museums in England.
By the way, I would like to say that all income from visitors to this unusual museum goes to the maintenance of the ship.
Video from the museum ship
In the next post, I will try to show more photographs and present all the historical facts in more detail.
With respect to you Lenyr.
Quite a long time ago, as a child, I collected Ognykov’s “Comrade” and “Eagle”. Assembled completely from the box, without painting. Then there was “Pourquois Pa”, I also assembled the version out of the box, but with coloring. And so, this fall I remembered my once forgotten hobby and decided to collect something. I chose the battleship HMS Victory from Zvezda. Although later, when I started assembling, I realized that the model was quite complicated for the first work after so many years, especially in terms of painting. But still he completed the work.
The ship took about 5 months to build. I painted it entirely with brushes, acrylic “Star” and a little “Tamiya”. Later I discovered that the “Star” paint adheres rather poorly to the surface and can be easily scratched with a fingernail. Because of this, the entire model was first covered with glossy and then matte Tamiya varnish from cans. The quality of the parts is quite mediocre, there is enough flash, a lot had to be “finished with a file”. I did not use primer or putty on this model.
I assembled it according to the instructions, there were minimal changes, except that I added a fence near the ladder from the lower deck. I did not use the paint scheme proposed by the star; I relied on photographs of the prototype taken in the summer of 2005. I didn’t like the plastic sails that came with the kit, so I didn’t install them at all. The rigging in the instructions is quite thin, so I decided to use the Mamoli drawings. The rigging was carried out as completely as the scale and my hands allow))). I did not use blocks. The details of the spar are quite thin, then I noticed that the topmast on the mizzen mast was slightly pulled to the side (maybe I’m wrong in the name).
There are enough stocks. For example, the paint lines are not always straight, because... I used masking tape, it does not fit well everywhere, and in these places the paint flows under it, I tried to fix it with a toothpick. Also, the painting of small parts was not quite even, for example on the stern gallery, although I painted it with a toothpick, it still didn’t turn out very smooth - I don’t have enough experience))). Also quite a large jamb, I don’t know whether it’s just parts in the kit, or I assembled it crookedly: I started trying on the back wall of the aft gallery, it turned out to be a little wider in width. I couldn't think of anything else to do except grind down the right side a little.
Scale: 1/180
In the end, the result is in front of you. Ready to catch stools)))