Is it possible to do yoga after a colonoscopy? Colonoscopy. Typical consequences and complications after colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is considered a low-traumatic method of examining the intestines, but pain appears after it in 9 out of 10 patients. In most cases, mild to moderate discomfort after such a procedure is considered normal, but this does not mean that the patient does not need rehabilitation.

Proper recovery after colonoscopy will avoid many problems, including increased gas formation, stool upset, dysbacteriosis, and even intestinal bleeding. Within 2-3 days, the patient will have to worry about what to eat after colonoscopy, what daily routine to follow and what medications to take to eliminate discomfort in the abdomen and rectum, dizziness and other consequences of preparation for the procedure.

Experts recommend a standard approach to intestinal restoration after diagnostic procedures using a colonoscope. It includes a gradual increase in load, since after cleansing there may be problems with the absorption of food. In addition, nutrition after the procedure performs not only the main role of providing nutrients and energy. The menu is formed taking into account the fact that the intestinal walls may be injured during the examination, especially if the colonoscopy was accompanied by taking a biopsy or removing small tumors.

The basic principles that the diet implies after this diagnostic method are as follows:

food should be easily digestible, not cause irritation of the mucous membranes and gas formation;
food should fully cover a person’s need for nutrients, but at the same time not provoke a feeling of excessive filling of the stomach and intestines - it is recommended to eat food often (up to 6 times a day), but in small portions;
It is advisable to plan meals at the same time to make it easier for the intestines to adapt to the stress;
food should promote the proliferation of beneficial microflora in the intestines and the healing of damage to the mucous membranes.

In addition to the conditions for the quality, quantity and mode of food intake, experts pay attention to the need to drink plenty of fluids - at least 2 liters of fluid per day. You can drink juices, tea, and fermented milk drinks, but the bulk should be water. It will soften the stool and help the mucous membrane of the esophagus and intestines recover faster after a colonoscopy.

As for the timing, how many days you need to follow a diet and a special diet, here experts agree that long-term restrictions after a colonoscopy are not necessary. It is enough to follow special recommendations for the first 2-3 days after diagnosis. During this time, the digestive tract will fully restore its functions.

Authorized Products

Meat - lean veal, poultry fillet, lamb without lard. You can prepare light meat broths from them, or steam cutlets, meatballs, soufflés and casseroles from minced meat.
Vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots, beets, cauliflower, sweet peppers. It is advisable to boil them, bake them or add them as a side dish to soups made with low-fat broth. It is advisable to refrain from eating raw vegetables, as they cause gases to form in the intestines.
Fruits and berries - plums, peaches and apricots, watermelon and melon, apples, cranberries and lingonberries, currants. On the first day, it is better to prepare juices and fruit drinks from them, then they can be consumed fresh.
Fish - pike perch, bream, pollock and flounder, pike, lean herring. They are steamed or baked in parchment. It is also allowed to prepare broths, cutlets, and soufflés from fish.
Dairy products - low-fat cottage cheese, Varenets, kefir, yogurt, low-fat sour cream. They are consumed with the addition of fruit or in pure form at breakfast or dinner, and on the first day and throughout the day.
Bread and pastries - whole grain, bran bread, preferably slightly dried. For dessert you can eat biscuits and dry biscuits.
Boiled and steamed eggs.

The listed foods in the diet after intestinal colonoscopy provide the nutritional value of the diet and are a source of fiber necessary for the proper functioning of the digestive tract.

Important! The preferred method of preparing food is boiling or stewing. If necessary, you can additionally chop or puree cooked dishes.

Prohibited Products

The list of foods that cannot be included in the diet after a colonoscopy is not as extensive as it might seem at first. First of all, these are animal products with a high fat content: lard, pork, fatty lamb, fatty sour cream and cream. Also, the diet should not include:

products with a sharp and spicy taste, an abundance of salt, pepper, artificial flavors and dyes - sausages, semi-finished products;
dishes and sauces with vinegar, lots of spices;
canned food (including vegetables, fruit and meat);
smoked and fried meat and fish dishes;
porridge from cereals with hard shells;
sweets and baked goods, especially rich ones, as well as fresh bread.

As for fresh fruits and vegetables, it is advisable to refrain from consuming them on the first day after a colonoscopy. Then, if the patient follows the recommendations on how to eat properly, they can be gradually introduced into the diet.

It is important to remember that after a colonoscopy you can only eat fruits and berries that do not contain small seeds.

Drinks that can irritate the mucous membrane are strictly prohibited in the diet after intestinal colonoscopy:

strong brewed black tea and coffee;
alcohol, even if it is considered low alcohol;
carbonated drinks;
kvass;
juice from sour fruits - orange, lime and lemon, tomato.

If a person is used to drinking tea and coffee in the morning, milk will help reduce the risk of discomfort: it is added to ready-made drinks in an amount of at least 1/3 of their total volume.

Stomach hurts after colonoscopy - what to do

Discomfort in the abdominal organs can be expressed in the form of colic, which indicates increased gas formation. Abdominal pain can be dull or cutting, localized in any part of the abdomen, and its source can be not only the digestive tract, but also the ligaments between the organs in the abdominal cavity and these organs themselves. That is why, if abdominal pain appears after a colonoscopy, you first need to find out the cause of this phenomenon and determine the source of the discomfort.

So, if pain begins in the upper abdomen and around the navel, colic or a feeling of fullness appears, most likely the reason is the gases remaining after the colonoscopy. In this case, sorbents will help eliminate discomfort: Smecta, activated carbon and others. Antispasmodics based on drotaverine will help reduce pain. These same medications are used if there is pain in the lower abdomen.
For patients whose source of pain after colonoscopy is the anus, it is recommended to use suppositories, which are usually used for hemorrhoids. They are used as needed in accordance with the instructions on the package.

Important! In most cases, abdominal discomfort goes away within 2-3 days after a colonoscopy. If pain persists, you should urgently consult the doctor who performed the diagnosis.

How to restore the intestines after a colonoscopy

Forced bowel cleansing before a colonoscopy procedure does not go unnoticed, especially if the patient did not follow the recommendations of a nutritionist. But even with proper planning of the diet and eating regimen, stool after colonoscopy can be problematic:

liquid with normal or increased frequency;
too hard;
atypical, containing mucus and blood, etc.

Such problems are caused by the fact that after the examination, disturbances in the microflora and intestinal motility are observed.

You can restore your colon's ability to function normally through diet and moderate physical activity. Regarding the restoration of intestinal microflora after examination with a colonoscope, you will have to use probiotics and prebiotics. These are drugs that cultivate and maintain healthy intestinal microflora.

Important! The method of restoring microflora using foods rich in fiber is not used after colonoscopy, since dietary fiber provokes gas formation and can injure the already irritated mucous membrane.

A much more dangerous phenomenon is when black stool appears, indicating intestinal bleeding. It requires immediate medical intervention; hiding and ignoring such a symptom is life-threatening.

What to do if you are constipated after a colonoscopy

Prolonged constipation after colonoscopy occurs in most patients who undergo this procedure. Its occurrence is considered a normal consequence of prolonged fasting (more than 16 hours) and following a low-fiber diet before the examination. Regular eating and moderate physical activity will help relieve constipation. Drinking plenty of water (at least 2 liters of water per day) will help prevent them.

If within 2 days after the examination there is no stool, although the urge to defecate occurs, it is recommended to use laxatives that accelerate intestinal motility:

"Duphalac";
"Forlax";
"Fortrans".

Important! The use of laxatives on the first day is prohibited, as they can cause intestinal atony. You should also refrain from enemas.

What to do if you have diarrhea after a colonoscopy

Loose stools or diarrhea after a colonoscopy are less common than constipation. In most cases, its causes are dysbiosis and poor diet. This condition is fraught with dehydration, so it is recommended to drink at least 1.5 liters of still mineral water. If diarrhea after a colonoscopy does not go away within 2 days in a row, you can take the following medications:

"Loperamide";
"Smecta";
"Hilak Forte";
"Diara";
"Imodium."

In addition, you can use some folk remedies. For example, the bark and fruits of bird cherry, blueberry fruits, and burnet rhizomes have a good astringent effect. A decoction is prepared from them and drunk 100 ml three times a day.

Means for normalizing the environment in the intestines

An imbalance of microflora is a fairly common occurrence after a colonoscopy. This condition is expressed by the fact that the patient has rumbling in the stomach, feels fullness (which indicates gas formation), is bothered by nausea, and a feeling of heaviness.

The following drugs help restore intestinal microflora and improve digestion:

“Linex” is a balanced pro- and prebiotic agent that can be used even before the appearance of unpleasant symptoms as a preventive measure;
“Lactobacterin” is a product with live bacteria that helps restore microflora;
“Bifidumbacterin” is another natural remedy with live bacteria that helps cope with the symptoms of dysbiosis;
"Hilak Forte" is an organic property based on biosynthetic acid, which supports beneficial intestinal microflora and promotes the removal of toxins from the body.

The listed drugs must be used after consultation with a doctor, since despite their safe composition they have a number of contraindications.

Complications after the procedure

Complications during intestinal colonoscopy are extremely rare. In most cases, this is due to improper preparation for the examination or a violation of the diet during the recovery period. In rare cases, medical error occurs.

What negative consequences of the procedure may concern the patient:

burning and pain in the anus, which intensify when sitting, straining and during defecation - they are often caused by anal fissures, which form when the anus is stretched during the insertion of a colonoscope;
stool disorders, in which there is blood and/or mucus in the stool, indicate an imbalance of microflora and injury to the intestinal mucous membranes;
dyspeptic disorders, in which patients are bothered by frequent nausea, sometimes vomiting, or belching with an unpleasant aftertaste, after which the nausea subsides;
an increase in temperature within 24 hours after a colonoscopy may indicate intestinal perforation, infection and other complications;
severe cramping or spreading abdominal pain may indicate intestinal damage;
pale skin, severe weakness, dizziness may indicate that bleeding has begun in the intestines.

Almost all negative consequences of colonoscopy are detected in the first day or even hours after diagnosis. However, sometimes high temperature and fever, intestinal disorders and other symptoms of complications appear several days later. Therefore, doctors recommend that patients carefully monitor the condition of the body and report any deterioration to the doctor.

After a colonoscopy examination, the patient faces a difficult period, which can be overshadowed by abdominal discomfort and bowel movements. The recommendations outlined in this article will help you cope with them. The recovery time depends on how accurately they are performed.

Colonoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic study of the mucous membranes (inner walls) of the final sections of the intestine (colon). This procedure involves inserting a special flexible endoscopic probe (colonoscope) into the patient's colon through the anus. The colonoscope itself is a thin flexible tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of approximately 1.5 m with a small light bulb and a micro-camera at the end. Used to identify diseases of the colon that cannot be detected by other methods or to confirm the diagnosis when a neoplasm is suspected. This study is highly informative and accurate.

Colonoscopy: indications for:

Differential diagnosis of inflammatory and tumor processes, determining the prevalence and type of pathological changes in the intestine;
Nonspecific ulcerative colitis;
Crohn's disease;
Rectal bleeding;
Pain in the intestines without an established cause, accompanied by flatulence;
Prolonged diarrhea with the impossibility of making an accurate diagnosis;
Foreign body in the rectum;
Acute intestinal obstruction;
Constipation;
Suspicion of the formation of polyps in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract or tumors;
Endometriosis, ovarian and uterine tumors;
Anemia of unknown origin,
Everyone over 50 should have a colonoscopy, especially if they have a family history of gastrointestinal cancer or Crohn's disease.
Colonoscopy also allows you to perform a number of endoscopic interventions - removal of intraluminal polyps, stopping intestinal bleeding, restoring intestinal patency when pathological narrowings (stenoses) are detected, and removing foreign objects.
During the examination, a video recording, photographs, and biopsy (tissue removal for further examination) are available.

In order to avoid serious consequences and complications after colonoscopy, the examination should be prescribed strictly according to the doctor’s indications and taking into account the degree of risk of all existing contraindications.

The main contraindications for colonoscopy include:

Acute infections of the rectum, as well as acute infections of the body of any location;
Intestinal perforation;
Crohn's disease and nonspecific ulcerative colitis in acute form;
Peritonitis;
Pathologies of the blood coagulation system;
Ulcerative or ischemic colitis in severe form, associated with the risk of bleeding or perforation of the intestinal wall;
Severe chronic heart and pulmonary failure;
Stroke;
Anal fissures, exacerbation of hemorrhoids, paraproctitis, thrombosis of hemorrhoids.
Large hernias;
State of shock.

To prevent complications after a colonoscopy, the patient needs to prepare properly. The patient is carefully examined for concomitant diseases and contraindications that may complicate the procedure and the recovery process after it.

Preparing for intestinal colonoscopy

Before undergoing a colonoscopy, you will need to undergo an important bowel preparation process, which includes the following steps:

Following a special slag-free diet 5-7 days before the procedure;
On the eve of the procedure, patients are advised to drink at least 3.5 liters of water;
Abstaining from food and water in 12 hours before the start of the procedure;
Carrying out a cleansing enema in the evening and morning before the procedure to increase its effectiveness. The volume of the enema must be at least 1.5 liters; it is administered until only clean water begins to come out;
Conducting allergy tests to identify allergies to anesthesia drugs.
In some cases, on the eve of the study, the patient may be offered to take special laxatives, which are selected by the doctor individually for each patient.

If the patient follows these simple recommendations, the risk of undesirable consequences after the procedure is minimal. There is also no need to use painkillers or local anesthesia. In some cases, the so-called "Colonoscopy under anesthesia"- during the procedure, the patient is immersed in a medicinal sleep (therefore, this version of the procedure is also called « colonoscopy in a dream » ), and immediately after it wakes up. Colonoscopy under anesthesia is performed at the request of the patient if he is too afraid of pain, or when a polyp will be removed or a biopsy taken at the same time as the diagnosis.

One of the most common complications is injury to the intestinal walls. Therefore, an effective diagnostic colonoscopy must be performed by an experienced, qualified specialist in compliance with all the rules for conducting this endoscopic procedure and sanitary and hygienic standards to prevent infection.

Diet after intestinal colonoscopy

After completion of the endoscopic examination, the intestines should resume their normal function. Be prepared that this will take several days. The main place in the prevention of unpleasant consequences of colonoscopy is occupied by proper nutrition and diet.

For quick recovery, frequent split meals are required in small portions. Food must be well digested so as not to burden the intestines. Food products should contain many vitamins, minerals and protein, which allow the body to recover faster after the procedure, and also reduce the risk of infectious complications and intestinal bleeding. Overeating is extremely contraindicated. During the invasive intervention, the mucous membrane of the intestinal walls suffered minor damage, so it is worth paying special attention to taking probiotics to restore the intestinal microflora. Consult with your doctor which drug is best for you to use.

Menu after intestinal colonoscopy During the first days, it should include such easily digestible dishes as:

Steamed lean fish (pike perch, hake, pike, cod);
Cottage cheese with a minimum percentage of fat content
Natural yogurt
Kefir and skim milk
Low-fat soups with vegetable broths
Vegetables and fruits

After a colonoscopy you should eliminate from use the following products:

Alcohol:
Grilled meat
Fatty fish
Semi-finished products, sausages, sausages,
Smoked meats and pickles
Fresh pastries, bread and confectionery
Canned food
Whole grain porridge

Possible consequences of colonoscopy

The colonoscopy procedure, while accurate and informative, is minimally painful. But unfortunately, during the recovery period after it, patients experience certain unpleasant sensations to varying degrees:

The most serious consequences are bleeding in the area of the removed polyp and intestinal perforation.

General malaise, weakness after colonoscopy

In the first hours after the procedure, the patient may experience general malaise, weakness, dizziness, abdominal pain, pain when walking and nausea. These sensations arise due to the fact that the painkillers used during colonoscopy or anesthesia stop working. Also, a state of weakness and nausea can occur due to the fact that a person has not eaten for a long time before and after the procedure - the body requires replenishment of energy and new nutrients. Do not forget about the emotional experiences regarding this examination and the subsequent recovery period. Therefore, after the procedure, the patient is recommended to eat in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations and lie on his side in a relaxed state for several hours. As a rule, these uncomfortable sensations go away on their own within a few days. The following prescriptions can help you regain strength quickly after the procedure:

To restore the water-salt composition of the blood and relieve intoxication, physiological solutions are administered
Taking vitamins, especially group B and C - they are necessary to strengthen the immune system and the proper functioning of the nervous and muscular systems.

If you have a fever during the first 24 hours after the examination, then it is possible that some kind of inflammatory process has begun in the intestines, caused by an attached infection. This is a complication in the recovery process after a colonoscopy, you should immediately contact your doctor.

Pain after colonoscopy

The occurrence of pain after colonoscopy is due to the fact that during the procedure the mucous membrane of the colon can be injured by the endoscope itself, as well as stretched under the influence of the introduced air. Therefore, mild pain and discomfort after manipulation can occur in many patients and in itself should not cause concern.

If the pain is pronounced and difficult to bear, then there is a possibility of a complication such as intestinal perforation. The likelihood of such a complication is extremely low and is less than 1%. In this case, in addition to pain, symptoms such as vomiting, persistent rectal bleeding, bloating, or abdominal muscle tension may occur.

If these symptoms worsen, this may indicate peritonitis. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary to restore the colon wall.

Discharge from the rectum after colonoscopy

In some special cases, colonoscopy can provoke bleeding caused by endoscopic biopsy (pinching off a piece of tissue for histological examination) or removal of a polyp using an endoscopic loop, as well as trauma to the intestinal wall up to its perforation.

If the bleeding after endoscopic manipulation is moderate, is not accompanied by pain in the abdomen or anus, and does not cause other discomfort in the form of weakness and dizziness, this is considered normal and will go away on its own after the first two to three days.

But you should seek medical help immediately if you experience the following symptoms:

The appearance of a significant amount of scarlet blood from the anus;
A sharp drop in blood pressure;
Severe pain in the abdominal area
Rapidly increasing weakness, dizziness and loss of consciousness;
My heart begins to pound.

All these signs may indicate bleeding in the colon, caused in extremely rare cases by intestinal perforation or injury to the spleen; more often, the area of the removed polyp bleeds. Only with timely hospitalization is it possible to control these complications.

Also, after a colonoscopy, purulent discharge may appear from the anus - this is evidence that an infection was introduced during the manipulation, and inflammation began in the colon. As a rule, this condition is accompanied by general malaise and increased body temperature. It is not recommended to lower the temperature on your own, so as not to blur the symptoms. You need to seek medical help to establish the true cause of the fever and stop the inflammation process by administering antibacterial therapy.

Flatulence, bloating after colonoscopy.

During a colonoscopy, the doctor introduces air into the intestines through an endoscope. This is required in order to straighten the intestinal walls and improve visibility, as well as to facilitate insertion of the endoscope into the rectum. After the procedure, this air remains in the intestines for some time, causing discomfort, a feeling of bloating and flatulence.

These undesirable consequences usually go away on their own. If this does not happen for some time, you can take an enterosorbent (for example, 4-5 tablets of activated carbon).

It should be noted that flatulence and bloating practically do not occur after colonoscopy if CO2 carbon dioxide was used instead of air during the procedure. Unfortunately, a special device called an endoscopic CO2 insufflator (UCR) is not available in all clinics.

The second is carried out using a colonoscope device, which makes it possible to examine the entire colon for diagnostic purposes and carry out manipulations in its cavity under visual control.

Indications for colonoscopy

This procedure is prescribed in the following cases:

Difficulty in defecation (constipation for more than one week, pain, discharge of blood along with feces);
A sharp change in eating habits (an aversion to meat, loss of appetite, rapid loss of body weight).

An experienced specialist will always take into account the anatomical features of each patient. For some, bowel movements every three days are completely normal and do not require medical intervention. Also, with some psychological trauma, a person stops eating certain foods or changes their eating style radically, which leads to an acceleration of the metabolic process and weight loss. But, as a rule, the patient himself notices abnormal phenomena and consults a doctor.

The causes of such atypical processes in the human body may be:

Neoplasms on the walls of the rectum (mainly polyps);
Inflammatory diseases of the colon mucosa (nonspecific ulcerative colitis);
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (for example, Crohn's disease);
Intestinal obstruction (so-called volvulus);
Erosion of the intestinal walls with bleeding;
And the most dangerous case is colon cancer. To confirm the diagnosis, a sample of tumor tissue may be required, which can also be done with clonoscopy.

Most often, the symptoms of these diseases appear in the older generation. Therefore, when treating patients over 60 years of age, a colonoscopy is almost always prescribed. All of the phenomena listed above can lead to the death of the patient. The effectiveness of treatment directly depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis.

Risks of colon examination

Both the doctor and the patient must understand that the need for an in-depth examination of the existing symptoms is undeniable. However, there are some complications after colonoscopy.

They may be related to:

Doctor's qualifications. This is not only the level of accreditation of the educational institution where the specialist was trained, but also the experience of working and conducting this research in particular;
Equipment and level of sanitation. The colonoscope must be maintained in proper conditions. Its disinfection is carried out after and before each procedure. At the first signs of damage, such as a bend in the cord, for example, this device must be replaced, since this not only eliminates the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment, but can lead to damage to the intestinal walls;
The patient's condition. If the patient has psychological problems, a general serious condition, pregnancy, menstruation, a colonoscopy requires special preliminary preparation or is not performed at all until a certain point, when the level of threat to the body from the procedure is less than from the consequences of ineffective diagnosis.

This is a general description of the risks associated with colonoscomy. Each of the points implies the occurrence of one or another complication. Let's look at them in more detail.

Intestinal perforation

Careless performance of a colonoscopy by a doctor or improper behavior of the patient during the procedure can cause intestinal damage. In this case, a hole appears in the intestinal wall through which its contents enter the abdominal cavity.

The patient's sensations when intestinal perforation occurs are as follows:

Severe pain that gets worse with movement;
Abdominal bloating, its asymmetry;
Vomiting;
Rapid heartbeat with intense pain (tachycardia);
Increased body temperature.

The measures that must be immediately taken in case of this complication from the colonoscopy procedure are urgent, since intestinal perforation very quickly turns into inflammation (peritonitis) and can even lead to death.

What does the doctor do in this case?

Firstly, the root cause is removed - the hole is sutured. If necessary, part of the intestine is removed (resection), and then its edges are reunited (anastomosis). Sometimes it is necessary to remove a significant part of the intestine, which does not allow it to be removed to the anus. In such cases, a colostomy is installed. To do this, a hole is made in the peritoneum, into which an overlay is placed, which acts as an artificial anus.

To be fair, it should be noted that in some cases the patient may experience thinning of the intestinal walls, which provokes its perforation. But this is an extremely rare case. To protect yourself from this kind of consequences of colonoscopy, it is better to inquire in advance about the professionalism of the chosen doctor.

If the doctor is insufficiently experienced, the areas of the intestine that border the liver and spleen are usually perforated, since in these places the large intestine has folds. In extreme cases, nearby organs are injured. Very often, to repair damage to the spleen, its complete removal is required.

Bleeding when removing a polyp

Polypectomy also occurs when the process of tumor removal is disrupted. Children and the elderly are at risk because they have the thinnest intestinal walls. But this complication can also affect other age groups if the manipulation is carried out incorrectly: the loop electrode captures the deep layers of the intestinal walls.

Treatment can be two methods. The most commonly used surgical intervention is the so-called laparotomy, which involves cutting the peritoneum to suturing the defect.

The danger is also that bleeding can begin in different time frames:

Immediately after removal of the tumor;
Within a week after the procedure.

In case of difficult access to a burst vessel, conservative measures can be applied, such as:

Hemostatic medications (depending on the location, these can be suppositories or tablets) or cold enemas (water temperature 3-4°C);
Blood transfusion for severe bleeding after it has stopped;
Gastric lavage or enemas to remove blood clots from the intestines.

Less serious consequences of colonoscopy

Despite the fact that these complications after this procedure are not significant from a medical point of view, they cause a noticeable deterioration in the patient’s condition.

These include:

After a colonoscopy, the stomach hurts due to the introduction of air into the intestine;
Pain after inserting a colonoscope into the anus;
Diarrhea due to enemas or poor nutrition on the eve of the procedure;
Pain when removing tumors (polyps, internal hemorrhoids);
Increased body temperature;
After a colonoscopy, you cannot go to the toilet for quite a long time.

Usually these consequences can be dealt with quickly. For this purpose, ointments, tablets and other relief methods are used. As a rule, these are analgesics and anesthetics. Some symptoms of illness go away on their own.

It is also important to pay attention to the special preparation of the patient before the procedure. This will significantly reduce the risk of complications.

Preparation for the procedure

Before performing a colonoscopy, the doctor advises the patient:

Diet 2-3 days before the procedure to cleanse the stomach;
8 hours before the procedure, it is better not to eat at all, so as not to cause constipation;
Psychological attitude, since the procedure, although it does not usually cause severe pain, is not the most pleasant.

The diet will reduce the urge to defecate and remove toxins from the body. The consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes and black bread is prohibited. If this method does not help, then use various laxatives or enemas.

If necessary, pain relief or anesthesia is prescribed. Some specialists even insist on carrying out the procedure using general anesthesia rather than local anesthesia. This reduces the risk of interference and complications due to patient behavior. After all, the pain threshold and psycho-emotional state of each person are different and it is impossible to predict how this or that patient will behave. In a relaxed state, a person will not feel discomfort and even the risk of hematomas on the intestinal mucosa is minimal.

Contraindications to colonoscopy

The general rule for any medical procedure is that the procedure should cause fewer problems than refusing it. The main thing for an aesculapian is not to harm the patient.

The procedure for examining the intestines in itself is not the most pleasant, and if a woman has her period during this period, then often the psychological state of the patient does not allow it to be carried out. However, this does not mean that colonoscopy during menstruation is a priori contraindicated. There are times when treatment of diseases cannot be delayed.

But during pregnancy, any medical manipulations with the expectant mother should be permitted by a gynecologist due to the high probability of injury to the fetus, especially in the later stages. Colonoscopy during pregnancy is often replaced by rectoscopy or postponed for a certain period before childbirth. The use of anesthesia and painkillers is also prohibited.

This procedure is not performed if anal fissures and adhesions, thrombosis of hemorrhoids, or serious problems with the heart and lungs are detected.

Only an experienced specialist is able to determine whether the procedure will give the desired result for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient, and will carry it out as safely as possible.

PROCTOLOG81.RU / Coloproctology (proctology). Treatment. / Increase in temperature after colonoscopy and FGS

Draw your own conclusions, Tatty.

(I’ve long heard from others that medical workers, as a rule, suggest that “their own people” try to arrive first for endoscopic examinations, to make an appointment first). And I don’t believe in coincidences, as you wrote, “such” either.

"KDS CLINIC" - Coloproctology

Still have questions? Call! from 10:00 to 20:00

For Tatty. I never forget the words of one experienced and respected metropolitan urologist. Several years ago I visited him with certain complaints about the functioning of the bladder. And in fact, it was I who insisted that I have a bladder cystoscopy. The doctor did not see any particular need for this. So, he told me: you need to climb less into it (into the bladder), you can get an infection along with the medical instrument (cystoscope). Moreover, this was said to them in a general way, i.e. in relation to various instrumental studies with penetration into the body (into various internal organs). There is a danger of infection. Conduct these instrumental studies (examinations) only if they are truly necessary. And, as ruby rightly wrote, try to come to the examination first. . You know, as they say, take care.

Nutrition after colonoscopy

Restoration of normal bowel function takes place under the supervision of the attending physician. Nutrition after intestinal colonoscopy is a key point in the prevention of complications after manipulation. To restore intestinal function as quickly as possible, a gentle menu with small, frequent meals is introduced. The products used are easily digestible, with a large amount of vitamins and minerals, and are not capable of injuring the intestinal walls. Often, after a colonoscopy and following a diet, patients forget about the sense of proportion, the need to restore normal intestinal functioning gradually, including excluded foods in the diet in small doses. This can lead to complications - constipation, diarrhea, bloating, gas, bleeding.

To eliminate the chance of causing constipation, you should remember to maintain water balance and drink at least 2-2.5 liters of water per day. It is recommended to create a menu taking into account 6-7 meals with an interval of 1.5-2 hours. Before eating, you need to drink 1 glass of water. Food is not washed down with liquid. For the effective functioning of gastric juice and complete digestion of food, it is important to pause for 40 minutes. Food should be warm: the temperature of cold dishes is above 15 degrees, hot dishes - up to 62 degrees.

Authorized products

After a colonoscopy, foods based on easy-to-digest foods are allowed:

Soups based on broths made from vegetables, lean fish (cod, flounder, pollock, tuna, halibut, blue whiting, mullet, trout), poultry (chicken, turkey);
Boiled egg, soft-boiled, omelette cooked in a steam bath;
Boiled fish of lean varieties;
Fish cooked using a steam bath;
Porridge made from oatmeal, rice, buckwheat, semolina, without milk;
Fresh, stewed, boiled, steamed vegetables;
Curds, kefir, yogurt, fermented baked milk;
Soaked dried fruits;
Rosehip infusion, herbal teas, compotes, jelly;
Marshmallows, marmalade, honey;
Grain, rye bread.

Prohibited Products

Excluded from food:

Fried meat products, fish;
Sausages, canned products, smoked meat, pickles, marinades;
Whole grain porridge;
Lentils, chickpeas, beans, peas, rice;
Confectionery;
Bakery;
Pasta;
Radish, radish, onion, garlic;
Mushrooms in any form;
Fried egg;
Freshly ground coffee;
Products containing cocoa beans;
Alcohol;
Spicy, fatty dishes.

Example menu

As an indicative menu for the week, you can use the following option:

Breakfast: thin porridge, tea;
Second breakfast: curd mass;
Lunch: vegetable puree soup, boiled breast;
Afternoon snack: kefir;
Snack: yogurt;
Dinner: buckwheat porridge, boiled meat.

Breakfast: cottage cheese casserole, jelly;
Second breakfast: compote;
Lunch: chicken broth with dumplings;
Afternoon snack: kefir;
Snack: yogurt, banana;
Dinner: stewed vegetables.

Breakfast: steamed omelette, tea;
Second breakfast: fermented baked milk;
Lunch: milk noodle soup;
Afternoon snack: curd mass;
Snack: apple compote;
Dinner: steamed fish, mashed potatoes.

Breakfast: rice porridge, compote;
Second breakfast: peach;
Lunch: mixed vegetable soup (without cabbage);
Afternoon snack: jelly, apple pie;
Snack: rosehip infusion;
Dinner: zucchini stuffed with meat and rice.

Breakfast: soft-boiled egg, tea with milk;
Second breakfast: yogurt, apple;
Lunch: chicken breast baked with cheese, baked vegetables;
Afternoon snack: kefir;
Snack: jelly from yogurt, cottage cheese, fruit;
Dinner: boiled rice, boiled meat stew.

Breakfast: oatmeal porridge, tea;
Second breakfast: stewed apple and carrot salad;
Lunch: meat baked in sour cream sauce; boiled rice;
Afternoon snack: fermented baked milk;
Snack: tea;
Dinner: boiled fish, baked potatoes.

Breakfast: steamed omelet, tea;
Second breakfast: curd mass, banana;
Lunch: pilaf with fruit, steamed vegetables, bread containing bran;
Afternoon snack: rosehip infusion, crackers;
Snack: jelly, fruit;
Dinner: baked meat with potatoes, boiled meat pilaf, tea.

Portions should be kept small, each meal is calculated based on the total of ready-made dishes, not including tea. Between meals, you should follow the rule: drink a glass of water 40 minutes after eating. The attending physician may recommend other menu options, taking into account the patient’s well-being before the colonoscopy and after the manipulations. The menu option shows that recovery after the procedure can take place with adequate nutrition, without compromising the sense of taste.

Nutrition after colonoscopy under anesthesia

Colonoscopy is an endoscopic method for examining the large and small parts of the intestine. An invasive (internal, performed using the introduction of special instruments) examination is performed, which, for certain indications, involves manipulation under anesthesia. In this case, a diet with a large number of restrictions is prescribed.

A few hours after anesthesia, a few sips of plain water are allowed. If the intake of fluid is accepted positively by the body, without nausea or vomiting, the amount of water drunk gradually increases. You can only drink filtered, bottled or boiled water, with a Vmin range.

In the first days you should not eat or drink:

Milk;
Carbonated drinks;
Products containing large amounts of plant fiber;
Sugar-containing concentrated syrups.

The correct dietary table includes a phased transition from liquid to more solid foods:

For the first day or two, it is possible to eat exclusively liquid food (broths made from white poultry meat);
After a couple of days, the patient is given pureed low-fat soups and broths, low-fat yoghurts, jellies, mousses;
At the end of the week, pureed dishes are allowed.

Food should enter the body often, in small portions.

Solid food is introduced into the diet gradually and carefully. In the first days after the introduction of solid food, it is advisable to limit it to 1 day per day.

Nutrition after using Fortrans

When the attending gastroenterologist prescribes a colonoscopic examination of the intestines, at the preparatory stage the patient is usually prescribed Fortrans, cleansing enemas. The drug is a strong laxative, used to cleanse the intestines of toxins on the walls and feces before examination. The use of the drug has its own peculiarities; the dosage of the medication is calculated by the doctor based on the patient’s weight.

Preparation for a colonoscopy examination begins 2-3 days before the procedure. The cleansing stage, provided that you refuse to eat a day before the colonoscopy, takes about a day from the moment you start taking Fortrans, the drug begins to act after a few hours, the effect ends after 5-6 hours.

After using Fortrans, restoration of the microflora in the stomach is required, since the drug cleanses of toxins and washes out beneficial bacteria from the stomach and intestines, as a result of which the disease dysbacteriosis may appear.

To restore the intestinal microflora, the doctor may prescribe Linex or Bifidumbacterin. The diet after using Fortrans needs to be gentle, lean, excluding foods high in fiber and drinks with gases to eliminate the possibility of damage to the intestinal mucosa. In the first days, you should start your morning with rice or oatmeal porridge with water, without salt, sugar or spices.

To eliminate the possibility of dehydration, you should drink enough water, because during the cleansing procedure, a significant amount of water is removed from the body, requiring replenishment. Nutrition, as in other cases, is administered in fractional, small portions. It is recommended to prepare dishes from products: meat of chickens, turkeys, rabbits. The diet includes low-fat dairy products: yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese; fresh stewed vegetables, rice or oatmeal, apple and tomato juices.

What symptoms should you keep under control?

After a colonoscopy, stool appears within 2-3 days, provided you follow the diet after the examination procedure and the doctor’s recommendations. If you do not consume enough fiber, the normalization of stool will be delayed, and you will not be able to go to the toilet for an additional 1-3 days.

What symptoms should the patient pay attention to after the procedure? If you are worried about pain, gases in the intestines, or a stomach ache, the reason is the air pumped into the intestines during manipulation, which is pumped back using a colonoscope after the examination is completed. For relief, you can take activated carbon at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight. It is forbidden to take laxatives without the consent of a doctor.

Diarrhea usually occurs due to improper use of medications at the preparatory stage or due to a reaction of the nervous system. If diarrhea lasts less than 48 hours, no additional treatment is required. However, the doctor may prescribe medications: Smecta, Loperamide and Hilak Forte.

In case of prolonged diarrhea, if blood is found in the stool, you should immediately consult a doctor for additional advice to restore health.

After surgery on the intestines, performed simultaneously with a colonoscopy, you should pay attention to your health: the lower abdomen may hurt, bleeding during bowel movements. This may be a sign of complications and a reason to return to your doctor.

In addition to proper nutrition and increased attention to well-being, you need to monitor your lifestyle. If possible, eliminate bad habits, stop drinking alcohol, replace sports activities with a walk in the evening or light exercises, yoga. During the recovery period after a colonoscopy, you will need to avoid lifting heavy objects. If due to certain circumstances it is necessary to take medications, it is highly advisable to coordinate their use with your doctor. Upon completion of the recovery period, the patient can eat as before and lead a normal lifestyle.

The recovery period includes, in addition to diet, herbal medicine and an adequate physical activity regimen. This takes into account the patient’s diagnosis, his functional and physical characteristics, the presence of concomitant diseases, and the development of complications.

Consequences of colonoscopy

Negative consequences of intestinal colonoscopy occur extremely rarely, since this procedure is considered a relatively safe diagnostic method. Read more about other methods for diagnosing diseases of the large intestine →

List of possible consequences of colonoscopy:

Intestinal perforation is rare, occurring in 1% of cases. A complication after intestinal colonoscopy in the form of perforation requires emergency surgery, during which the damaged tissue of the organ is restored.
The development of complications associated with previous anesthesia, for example, respiratory disorders, the treatment of which requires resuscitation measures.
Intestinal bleeding, occurring in 0.1% of cases. Blood after a colonoscopy may appear immediately after the procedure or during it. Complications may occur several days after the examination. If bleeding appears during a colonoscopy, help consists of injecting adrenaline into the damaged area of the organ or cauterizing the bleeding vessels; the examination procedure is completely stopped. If bleeding after a colonoscopy appears after a few hours or days, surgical intervention using general anesthesia is necessary.
Infection with hepatitis B and C virus, syphilis, HIV and salmonellosis.
Pain after intestinal colonoscopy and increased temperature due to inflamed areas of tissue, polyps and other pathological changes.
It is extremely rare for a spleen to rupture.

It is important to immediately seek medical help if the following signs of trouble appear several hours or days after the procedure:

temperature rises to 38°C and above;
stomach pain after colonoscopy;
nausea and vomiting of unknown origin appeared;
discharge with blood from the rectum is observed;
after a colonoscopy, diarrhea with blood appears;
weakness, dizziness, and general loss of strength are felt.

Prevention of consequences

The main method of preventing complications of colonoscopy is to perform a diagnostic procedure according to strict indications. If it is possible to diagnose the disease without the use of endoscopic equipment, then colonoscopy is not prescribed.

In addition, a preventive measure is to refuse the procedure if the following contraindications are present:

infectious pathologies of the intestines and other organs in acute form;
acute course of ulcerative colitis of nonspecific origin;
hernia pathologies of any localization;
diseases of the blood coagulation system;
complicated ulcerative or ischemic colitis;
severe heart or pulmonary failure.

After prescribing a colonoscopy to a patient, in order to prevent possible consequences, it is important to properly prepare him for the procedure. Before the procedure is performed, the person is comprehensively examined to detect concomitant pathologies that can cause subsequent complications.

The patient should be informed about the possible consequences of this type of examination and how to prepare for it, for example, when and what to eat after a colonoscopy, etc.

Follow a slag-free diet 7 days before the procedure.
Refusal to eat 12 hours before the procedure.
Cleansing the intestines with an enema the night before - the evening and morning before the colonoscopy.
Carrying out tests for allergies to drugs used for anesthesia.

Since there is a risk of infection with pathologies such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and other infectious agents, it is necessary that the instruments used by the specialist for the procedure be sterilized and tested for the presence of pathogens of various diseases. In addition, the examination must be performed in a sterile environment.

Bowel injury is the most common consequence of colonoscopy. To prevent this and other complications, the manipulation should be performed by an experienced, qualified doctor.

Nutrition after colonoscopy

Diet after intestinal colonoscopy is the primary point in preventing the consequences after manipulation, which begins at the preparatory stage - observing a special slag-free diet and conducting a cleansing enema. As a result, during the study the intestines will be as clean as possible and free from decay products, toxins and other factors that provoke infectious and inflammatory complications.

Nutrition after intestinal colonoscopy should be as gentle and fractional as possible in order to avoid increased stress on the digestive tract, in particular the intestines. Food should be easily digestible, rich in minerals and vitamins, which is an excellent preventative against infectious diseases and colon bleeding. Overeating and eating heavy, difficult-to-digest foods after the procedure are excluded.

soups based on vegetable broths;
boiled eggs;
low-fat fish, boiled or steamed;
fresh and thermally processed vegetables and fruits.

The diet should not include:

fried meat and fish dishes;
smoked meats, sausages, preservation;
whole grain cereals;
fresh pastries and bakery products, confectionery products.

The attending physician should tell the patient in detail how to eat after an intestinal colonoscopy, based on the root cause of the disease and the patient’s state of health.

Another important aspect is to determine how to restore the intestines after colonoscopy from the point of view of microflora, which is seriously damaged during the manipulation of endoscopic equipment and against the background of the administration of medications.

What can you eat after a colonoscopy to normalize your intestinal microflora? This can be fermented milk products (for example, yogurt, cottage cheese, kefir), it is mandatory to take probiotics (Bifidumbacterin, etc.), which are preferably consumed in soluble form, and not in the form of tablet preparations.

This diet after colonoscopy has a positive effect on intestinal restoration.

What can't you do?

After a colonoscopy, the patient should not immediately leave the hospital; he needs to be under the supervision of medical personnel for several hours, especially if general anesthesia was used as pain relief. If the anesthesia was local, after 1 hour the patient can go home.

There are no restrictions on food and liquid intake after the procedure. But so that the patient does not have a reason to ask the question of what to do for constipation after a colonoscopy, it is important to follow nutritional recommendations, eating mostly easily digestible food in small portions in the first days after the procedure.

If your intestines hurt after a colonoscopy and you clearly feel signs of flatulence, abdominal pain and bloating, this may be a consequence of the air pumped into the intestines, which is used during the procedure. It is usually pumped back out using a colonoscope.

But what to do if you are worried about the symptoms of flatulence and your stomach hurts after a colonoscopy? You can take Activated carbon at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of patient weight. In order to get rid of flatulence, you cannot take laxatives or do an enema after the procedure without consulting your doctor.

It is prohibited to take iron supplements or antiplatelet agents such as Aspirin (inhibit the functional significance of platelets) before and after colonoscopy - it is important to stop taking them after a preliminary face-to-face conversation with the doctor who prescribed these medications.

The same applies to anticoagulants, for example, Coumadin, Warfarin. Blood thinners are dangerous before and after any intervention on the body. If necessary, you can replace them with the drug Clexane - heparin, characterized by low molecular weight.

Any drug treatment should be discussed with your doctor while preparing for a colonoscopy.

Colonoscopy as a diagnostic minimally invasive procedure involves examining the walls of the large intestine for preventive purposes to search for pathological conditions in the organ.

The manipulation is highly informative and is performed using local or general anesthesia. Every fifth procedure becomes therapeutic and diagnostic, since during it the doctor removes detected polyps of the large intestine. Intestinal restoration after colonoscopy requires mandatory adherence to nutritional recommendations.

Temperature after colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic examination of the mucous membranes (inner walls) of the final sections of the intestine (colon). This procedure involves inserting a special flexible endoscopic probe (colonoscope) into the patient's colon through the anus. The colonoscope itself is a thin flexible tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of approximately 1.5 m with a small light bulb and a micro-camera at the end. Used to identify diseases of the colon that cannot be detected by other methods or to confirm the diagnosis when a neoplasm is suspected. This study is highly informative and accurate.

Colonoscopy: indications for:

Differential diagnosis of inflammatory and tumor processes, determining the prevalence and type of pathological changes in the intestine;
Nonspecific ulcerative colitis;
Crohn's disease;
Rectal bleeding;
Pain in the intestines without an established cause, accompanied by flatulence;
Prolonged diarrhea with the impossibility of making an accurate diagnosis;
Foreign body in the rectum;
Acute intestinal obstruction;
Constipation;
Suspicion of the formation of polyps in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract or tumors;
Endometriosis, ovarian and uterine tumors;
Anemia of unknown origin,
Everyone over 50 should have a colonoscopy, especially if they have a family history of gastrointestinal cancer or Crohn's disease.
Colonoscopy also allows you to perform a number of endoscopic interventions - removal of intraluminal polyps, stopping intestinal bleeding, restoring intestinal patency when pathological narrowings (stenoses) are detected, and removing foreign objects.
During the examination, a video recording, photographs, and biopsy (tissue removal for further examination) are available.

The main contraindications for colonoscopy include:

Acute infections of the rectum, as well as acute infections of the body of any location;
Intestinal perforation;
Crohn's disease and nonspecific ulcerative colitis in acute form;
Peritonitis;
Pathologies of the blood coagulation system;
Ulcerative or ischemic colitis in severe form, associated with the risk of bleeding or perforation of the intestinal wall;
Severe chronic heart and pulmonary failure;
Stroke;
Anal fissures, exacerbation of hemorrhoids, paraproctitis, thrombosis of hemorrhoids.
Large hernias;
State of shock.

Preparing for intestinal colonoscopy

Before undergoing a colonoscopy, you will need to undergo an important bowel preparation process, which includes the following steps:

Following a special slag-free diet 5-7 days before the procedure;
On the eve of the procedure, patients are advised to drink at least 3.5 liters of water;
Abstain from food and water 12 hours before the procedure;
Carrying out a cleansing enema in the evening and morning before the procedure to increase its effectiveness. The volume of the enema must be at least 1.5 liters; it is administered until only clean water begins to come out;
Conducting allergy tests to identify allergies to anesthesia drugs.
In some cases, on the eve of the study, the patient may be offered to take special laxatives, which are selected by the doctor individually for each patient.

If the patient follows these simple recommendations, the risk of undesirable consequences after the procedure is minimal. There is also no need to use painkillers or local anesthesia. In some cases, a so-called “colonoscopy under anesthesia” can be performed - during the procedure the patient is immersed in a medicinal sleep (therefore, this version of the procedure is also called “sleep colonoscopy”), and wakes up immediately after it. Colonoscopy under anesthesia is performed at the request of the patient if he is too afraid of pain, or when a polyp will be removed or a biopsy taken at the same time as the diagnosis.

Diet after intestinal colonoscopy

The menu after intestinal colonoscopy during the first days should include such easily digestible dishes as:

Steamed lean fish (pike perch, hake, pike, cod);
Cottage cheese with a minimum percentage of fat content
Natural yogurt
Kefir and skim milk
Low-fat soups with vegetable broths
Vegetables and fruits

The following foods should be avoided after a colonoscopy:

Alcohol:
Grilled meat
Fatty fish
Semi-finished products, sausages, sausages,
Smoked meats and pickles
Fresh pastries, bread and confectionery
Canned food
Whole grain porridge

Possible consequences of colonoscopy

The most serious consequences are bleeding in the area of the removed polyp and intestinal perforation.

General malaise, weakness after colonoscopy

To restore the water-salt composition of the blood and relieve intoxication, physiological solutions are administered
Taking vitamins, especially group B and C - they are necessary to strengthen the immune system and the proper functioning of the nervous and muscular systems.

Pain after colonoscopy

If these symptoms worsen, this may indicate peritonitis. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary to restore the colon wall.

Discharge from the rectum after colonoscopy

But you should seek medical help immediately if you experience the following symptoms:

The appearance of a significant amount of scarlet blood from the anus;
A sharp drop in blood pressure;
Severe pain in the abdominal area
Rapidly increasing weakness, dizziness and loss of consciousness;
My heart begins to pound.

Flatulence, bloating after colonoscopy.

These undesirable consequences usually go away on their own. If this does not happen for some time, you can take an enterosorbent (for example, 4-5 tablets of activated carbon).

Problems with bowel movements after colonoscopy

Since colonoscopy is an invasive method, it causes some trauma to the mucous membrane of the intestinal walls and disrupts its microflora. This intervention affects normal bowel function. Constipation or diarrhea may occur in the first days after the procedure. Blood, pus, or mucus may appear in the stool. Medicines prescribed by a doctor according to the indications that arise will help alleviate the condition.

Constipation occurs as a result of spasm of the intestinal walls. Taking the following laxatives will help relax your muscles.

Diarrhea after a colonoscopy occurs due to the fact that during the examination, the process of absorption of water from the stool in the intestines is disrupted, and the feces remain liquid at the exit. The following medications will help alleviate this condition:

Smecta
Loperamide
Hilak
Decoctions of St. John's wort, bird cherry fruits and blueberries.

If there are any manifestations of disturbances in the process of bowel movement, you must inform your doctor to select the appropriate medications. It is not recommended to take medications on your own, so as not to harm your health.

Who prescribes a colonoscopy?

Colonoscopy is performed only when indicated. It is usually prescribed by a gastroenterologist.

Where to get a colonoscopy?

Before choosing a clinic for a colonoscopy, be sure to inquire about the qualifications of the receiving doctor, and also read reviews about his work. Pay attention first of all to the latest reviews about the endoscopist.

After a colonoscopy procedure, patients are often worried because small amounts of bloody discharge are found in the stool. Colonoscopy is a low-traumatic procedure, but in the case of a sufficiently advanced pathological process, the mucous membrane may react to external intervention.

Complications after colonoscopy

Blood after colonoscopy It happens extremely rarely and you should still remember the dangers of possible complications. Heavy bleeding may indicate a perforation of the intestinal wall in the case of ulcerative colitis. If it does not occur immediately after the colonoscopy, but after a few days, you need to urgently call an ambulance. You should be alert to the following symptoms:

Heat,
strong pain,
dyspepsia,
bloody diarrhea,
general loss of strength
fainting.

Most likely, we are talking about intestinal perforation or a severe exacerbation of the disease. To avoid complications, it is advisable for the patient not to immediately leave the medical center, but to lie down for about half an hour, especially if anesthesia was administered. At home, it is also advisable to observe semi-bed rest.

Reasons for the normal presence of bloody discharge after colonoscopy

It must be remembered that during the colonoscopy procedure, air enters the intestines, which can also have an irritating effect on the vessels of the mucous membrane of the intestinal wall due to its increase in volume. Some capillaries may even burst, then in the morning the patient may find some blood in the stool. You should be wary if blood is present for several days, especially if there is a rise in body temperature. Most likely, we are talking about an exacerbation of the disease or developed inflammation. Blood after colonoscopy may indicate such consequences of its implementation as:

Difficult-to-heal surface after polyp excision,
mucosal injury
inflammation and infection of the ulcer
allergy,

Complications from neighboring organs.

Proper preparation for colonoscopy is the key to the absence of complications

In order to avoid infectious or inflammatory processes as much as possible, you should properly prepare for a colonoscopy. A complete cleansing of the intestines is mandatory. It can be carried out by giving an enema, which is given until the patient begins to excrete only the injected clean water. For those who are contraindicated for an enema, it is recommended to use medications that are no less effective in cleansing the intestines:

Fortuns,
duphalac,
flit.

A prerequisite is compliance with a special slag-free diet. To do this you need to refrain from:

Meat,
milk,
legumes It is advisable to eat fruits and vegetables, sour-milk products, cereals and broths.

Where is the best place to have a colonoscopy to avoid complications?

Our medical center in Moscow cooperates only with doctors of the highest qualifications. In addition, it is equipped with the most modern technology. Therefore, complications after colonoscopy are extremely rare. Of course, during it, some people, especially those with advanced diseases, experience some pain and discomfort; in general, it passes quickly and does not cause much discomfort. After a colonoscopy, the patient usually does not experience the slightest ailment, except, perhaps, some weakness caused by taking the necessary medications and natural nervous tension.

After a colonoscopy, no special diet is required. Of course, it is not advisable to eat spicy, too hot or salty foods, but most foods are available after this. At our center, we take the colonoscopy procedure very seriously. An individual approach is taken to each patient. Therefore, before carrying out it, the specialist carefully examines him, collects a complete medical history, and prescribes additional laboratory and instrumental tests. The doctor must be informed about all concomitant diseases, pregnancy, and medications taken.

There are many different ways to diagnose intestinal diseases. One of them is colonoscopy - a minimally invasive procedure for examining the final sections of the intestine using a special device - an endoscope. Thanks to it, the doctor can look at the condition of the rectum, sigmoid and partially colon. This instrument is a flexible tube with optics and an air injection system, as well as forceps for taking a biopsy.

Colonoscopy is a fairly common diagnostic method, but it requires special preparation. And, first of all, the patient must follow a special diet before the procedure. What does it include slag-free diet, namely:

Products with a lot of fiber - vegetables, herbs, cereals, grains. But semolina is undesirable from cereals, as well as all types of legumes.
Lean meat, fish, egg whites, fermented milk products - pureed cottage cheese, kefir - are allowed.
You can eat 4-5 times a day, in small portions. It is not advisable to eat meat and cereals together at this time.
It is better not to combine dairy products with fruits and vegetables.
The preferred drinks are mildly carbonated mineral waters, hibiscus tea, green tea, and freshly squeezed juices.
Canned food, mushrooms, fatty meats, coffee, black tea, seasonings and hot sauces are best excluded.

It is believed that such a diet normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The patient begins to eat this way at least 5-7 days before the procedure. The preparation also includes performing special tests for allergies to anesthesia drugs. 12 hours before the start of the procedure, the patient stops eating, and a cleansing enema is given twice. Medical personnel must prepare sterile instruments that have been tested for the presence of certain pathogens, since there is a risk of infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C. The colonoscopy itself must also be carried out under sterile conditions.

Bleeding from the rectum
Acute intestinal obstruction
Idiopathic ulcerative colitis (UC)
Crohn's disease
Various foreign objects in the rectum
Differential diagnosis of intestinal neoplasms

However, despite the relative safety of the procedure, there are a number of contraindications in which colonoscopy will not only not be beneficial, but can also be dangerous.

Contraindications include:

Chronic heart and pulmonary failure in stages of decompensation
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in acute stages
Severe ulcerative and ischemic colitis
Some blood diseases (clotting system diseases)
Hernias (inguinal, white line of the abdomen)
Acute intestinal infections and infections of other organs

Consequences of colonoscopy

The percentage of complications during intestinal restoration after colonoscopy is small, but it does exist. An endoscopist has all the necessary skills necessary for the quality and safety of the manipulation. However, there is still a risk. The consequences of a colonoscopy include:

Intestinal perforation may occur in 1% of cases. An emergency operation is required, during which surgeons restore the damaged organ wall.
Intestinal bleeding is even less common - 0.1%. Blood may appear both during the procedure and after it, several days later. Adrenaline is either injected into the bleeding vessel, or it is cauterized with special coagulators. If blood appears during the procedure, the procedure is stopped immediately. If after a few hours or days, the operation is performed under anesthesia.
Complications associated with the administration of anesthesia are acute respiratory failure requiring resuscitation measures.
Infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses, syphilis and intestinal infections.
Pain in the intestinal projection associated with inflamed areas of tissue, polyps, and tumor processes.
In very rare cases, the spleen ruptures.

Problems with stool

Like any invasive measure, colonoscopy will disrupt the microflora, in this case, in the intestines. This will lead to stool disturbances - perhaps both diarrhea and constipation. At first, there may be mucus and some blood in the stool - this occurs due to minor injury to the intestinal wall. Diarrhea occurs as a result of a violation of the main function of the large intestine, and constipation due to spasms. To avoid this, you need to take medications.

For diarrhea:

Smecta - helps restore damaged intestinal mucosa.
Hilak forte - its capsules contain bacteria that normalize the microflora.
Loperamide – slows down the passage of stool.

For constipation:

Duphalac - the drug is taken in the morning. It increases intestinal motility, which allows stool to move through the intestines.
Prelax is a mild laxative that helps attract water into the intestinal lumen and stimulates smooth muscles.
Senade is a drug that irritates intestinal receptors and actively promotes intestinal peristalsis.
You can also use detergents - almond oil, vaseline oil.

What can you eat after a colonoscopy?

If a colonoscopy was done for diagnostic purposes, then after it the patient can return to their usual diet. For some time after the procedure, there may be flatulence, which is a consequence of air entering the intestines during the procedure. If bloating bothers you for several days, it is recommended to take enterosorbents (Polysorb, BAU).

If a colonoscopy was done for therapeutic purposes, the diet must be gentle and easily digestible in order to prevent strong peristalsis in the intestines. Food should be rich in macro- and microelements, with a predominance of plant products. This will be a good means of preventing bleeding and intestinal infections. It is forbidden to overeat and drink food.

First of all, the attending physician needs to tell the patient about his diet. If a proctologist or general surgeon removed intestinal polyps, then for the first 2-4 days all dishes should have a jelly-like or liquid consistency. You should not eat bread, solid foods, foods containing fiber, or dairy products. The number of meals can be 6-8 per day. The patient should eat every 2-3 hours, including at night, in portions of 250-300 milliliters.

A week and a half after the procedure, you can start eating fruit and berry purees, dairy products - snowball, kefir, low-fat cottage cheese. Whole milk, as well as fatty, fried, salted, spicy, smoked, and pickled milk should not be consumed.

After three weeks, nutrition after intestinal colonoscopy becomes most balanced. Allowed are porridges cooked in milk, low-fat broths, potatoes in any form except fried, and freshly squeezed juices. The preferred protein sources are seafood, poultry, rabbit, beef, and turkey. It is recommended to remove foods high in fiber from the diet.

What should you not do after a colonoscopy?

After a colonoscopy, you cannot immediately leave the hospital - the patient remains under the supervision of medical personnel for several more hours, especially if anesthesia was used during the procedure. If you had local anesthesia, you can leave within an hour.

There are no restrictions on water and food intake, but the patient needs to follow the above nutritional recommendations for about three more weeks. As a rule, stool appears within 2-3 days after manipulation, taking into account that the patient is eating properly. If the diet is poor in fiber, then stool will appear in a few more days.

The appearance of pain in the intestinal area is due to the very nature of the procedure, however, you can take any painkillers only in consultation with your doctor. The same goes for laxatives. If flatulence bothers the patient for more than five days and the prescribed medications do not help, the air is pumped back out with an endoscope.

It is completely prohibited to take iron supplements (ferrumlek, sorbifer, actiferrin and others) and antiplatelet agents (aspirin and others) after colonoscopy because they inhibit the function of platelets, which are necessary for the healing of damaged intestinal mucosa. It is better to temporarily stop taking them after talking with the doctor who prescribed these drugs.