Irina Shushkanova
"The life and work of the children's writer Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov"
Annotation to the presentation
Theme: « Nikolay Nikolaevich Nosov»
Prepared:
Shushkanova Irina Yurievna teacher-psychologist MDOU №133
Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Nikolay Nikolaevich Nosov(1908-1976, Russian screenwriter, playwright, prose writer, winner of the Stalin Prize of the third degree. (slide 1)
The 100th anniversary was celebrated on November 23, not only in our country, but also in many other countries where the heroes of his works are also known and loved. There is probably no country where his works are translated. They are known in Holland, Poland, Argentina, Bulgaria, France, India, Vietnam, Japan, Romania and other countries. When an authoritative international magazine The UNESCO Courier in 1957 he calculated which of the Russians writers most often translated into other languages, then the third in this list - after A.M. Gorky and A.S. Pushkin - was the surname children's writer N... N. Nosova.
In 1952 he received the USSR State Prize for the story "Vitya Maleev at school and at home".
Second Prize - named after Krupskaya - the writer will receive later(in 1970, and this will be a prize for Dunno who made him famous. (slide 2)
On the 100th anniversary of his birth in November 2008, a coin was issued with the image of N.N. Nosova(slide 3)
N. N. Nosov spoke: “Writing for children is the best job. It requires a lot of knowledge). The main thing is love for them. And respect. I realized when my son was growing up that children should be treated with great and very warm respect. " (slide 4)
Born Nikolay Nosov November 23, 1908 in Ukraine in Kiev. Hobbies of school years were diverse: music, singing, theater, writing for a manuscript journal "X", as well as chemistry, chess, radio, electronics, photography.
Later Nosov sold newspapers, was a laborer, excavator, haymaker, log carter. After graduation Nikolay entered the Kiev Art Institute, and then transferred to the Institute of Cinema in Moscow. Then he began to work in cinema, shoot various educational, scientific, animated films.
Almost 20 years Nikolai Nikolaevich was associated with cinema... He worked as a director. He has directed quite a few films.
How did he become a writer? This question has been asked very often Nikolay Nikolaevich... And it happened suddenly: the son grew up, constantly demanded more and more new fairy tales. And so Nosov - the father began to compose funny stories for him. (slide 5)
Like many famous writers, N. Nosov first he composed fairy tales and stories just like that - for his little son, and then one of his stories, he was called "Entertainers", took to the journal "Murzilka"... The story was printed. This was in 1938. (slide 6)
The stories "Live Hat", "Cucumbers", "Wonderful Trousers", "Mishkina's Porridge", "Gardeners", "Fantasies" and others were combined in the Detgiz collection "Tuk-tuk-tuk" and published in 1945. (slide 7)
Collections of stories "Steps" and "Merry Stories" (for young and middle-aged children) came out in 1947. Knowledge children's psychology and knowledge of an accessible and, at the same time, figurative language made it possible to gain lasting recognition among children and adults, as well as take a worthy place in works for primary school age. (slide 8)
Name Nikolay Nosov becomes loved and famous and among schoolchildren middle-aged - after the publication of the novellas "A Merry Family" (1949, "Kolya Sinitsin's Diary" (1950, "Vitya Maleev at School and at Home" (1950)... Fight against the main character Viti Maleev's own shortcomings, described in a humorous vein, psychologically it is exactly something new that was noted by criticism. For the story "Vitya Maleev at school and at home" Nosov was awarded the State Prize for 1952. (slide 9)
Nosov did not invent heroes, and found them (and everywhere - in the neighborhood, away, just on the street) and listened and let his readers hear their stories about life, about friends, about ourselves.
In time to all of this « nosovsky» the heroes were joined by another one, this time - a fabulous one. Dunno came by himself and brought with him a whole horde of funny and noisy little men who chose three books for their permanent residence Nosova: "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends" (1953-1954, "Dunno in the Sunny City"(1958, "Dunno on the Moon" (1964-1965) ... And whatever they did there - they quarreled and made peace, built a balloon, went on a space journey and even participated in the revolution on the moon (what to do - it was such a time).
This is a very funny tale, the characters of which are suspiciously similar to their little readers. Especially Dunno. Well, just like a tomboy, because of his inability and arrogance, he gets into a variety of stories. Therefore, he fell in love most of all. And not only ours (then - Soviet) children, but also foreign ones, as through the efforts of translators very soon he spoke in many languages \u200b\u200bof the world.
IN "The Adventures of Dunno" Nosov talks in detail about such machines, devices, instruments, which had yet to appear. First edition "Dunno in a sunny city" was published in 1958 - then the television system for monitoring traffic in detail in the book was still a fantasy. Modern readers know that such a system actually exists. So, he could writer look into the future. (slide 10)
One gets the feeling that, starting to compose stories about Dunno, the author himself did not suspect what short witty stories about a close-minded and curious kid trying "On the fly" master a wide variety of professions. The author noted that many features of his hero he wrote offwatching his little son - Petya. But it seems that from under the guise of Dunno he himself looked slyly Nikolay Nosov, who loved to wear wide-brimmed hats, always eager for any undertakings and inclined to fantasize.
- “So, because of the rhyme, you will compose all lies against me? - Znayka boiled.
- Of course, - answered Dunno. - Why should I compose the truth? There is nothing to write about the truth, it is already there ”. (slide 11)
An intelligible and well-aimed humor allows Nosov sneer even at their craft colleagues (be it a poetess or writers) .
"- I will read you my recent a poem about a mosquito. Listen:
I caught a mosquito.
Ta-ra, ta-ra, ta-ra-ra!
I love the little mosquito
Tru-lu-lushki, tru-lu-li!
But the mosquito became sad.
Sorry for the little mosquito.
No, I'll catch myself. Better an ant.
The ant is also sad
He also likes to take a walk. ...
Stop messing with them
`` And here's another listen, '' said the poetess and read poems that spoke not about a mosquito, but about a dragonfly, and which ended not with words that "I need to read a book", but that "The dress needs to be sewn up".
"- Please tell me which book are you wrote? - I do not wrote no books yet, - admitted Smekailo. - It's very difficult to be a writer... Before becoming a writer, as you can see, I had to acquire something, and it is not so easy. At first I had to wait for the portable table to be ready. It lasted for many years. "
(slide 13)
Films based on N. Nosova:
"Two friends "
"Friend"
"Dreamers"
"The Adventures of Kolya Klyukvin"
Plays "Dunno learns", "Dunno -
traveler "," Dunno in the Solar City ".
Cartoons:
"Bobik visiting Barbos"
"Screw and Shpuntik"
"Funtik and cucumbers"
Nosov in his works acts as a popularizer of knowledge of polytechnic, economic: introducing children to the rules of life, he presents them in such a way that useful and interesting knowledge comes to readers as if by themselves. (slide 14)
Nosov with his grandson(slide 15)
However creativity of the writer was not only writing fairy tales... For his biography N. Nosov also created works: "The Story of My Friend Igor", "Mystery at the bottom of the well", "The story of childhood» other.
And one more, very important point. All books Nosova filled with humor - a cheerful, benevolent depiction of heroes in a funny way. Open any page - it is impossible to read without a smile, or even uncontrollable laughter. Spend experience: ask an adult if they have read the books Nikolay Nosov... In response, the person will surely smile and remember a funny episode from "Dunno" or "Viti Maleeva", "Merry family" or fairy tales "Bobik visiting Barbos"... And since "Adults" books Nosov hardly wrote, so it will remain in the memory of readers "Purebred child humorist» .
Even the grave Nosova not without his beloved hero. (slide 16)
Vera Yanpolskaya
Biography of N.N.Nosov for DO
INTRODUCTION
Contemporary literature includes humor, satire, grotesque, irony, caricature, parody, and several other means of expressing the comic in literary texts. I would like to dwell on some of them in more detail - humor, irony, satire, grotesque and pun.
The grotesque is not always considered a form of the comic due to its property of deforming phenomena and character. Therefore, it is often referred to as satire and humor. This word is translated as "Intricate"... This is one of the artistic techniques that denotes a violation in the proportions of the depicted phenomena, events or objects.
Humor itself is personally conditioned and attunes a person to a deeper and more serious understanding of the source of laughter. He demands from the audience that his truth be comprehended, in spite of ridiculous coincidences or oddities. Translated from English as temper, mood.
Irony is translated from Greek as "Mockery" or "Pretense"... This usually happens when one speaks about one thing, but in fact it means a completely different context, opposite in meaning.
As for the pun, it is a figure of speech, which is based on the same sound of words, or when a phrase contains two words that are opposite in meaning.
Well, and finally, satire is a special way of artistic transmission of reality, which ultimately ends with a funny ending with "Subtext".
This work is dedicated to identifying humorous moments in the work of the writer Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosova.
Biography of N... N. Nosova
Nikolay Nosov(1897 - 1986) was born on November 23, 1908 in Kiev in the family of a pop actor. Versatilely gifted boy Kolya NosovWhile still in high school, he was fond of music, theater, literature, chess, photography, radio and electrical engineering. Having matured, he worked as a newspaper merchant, excavator, mower.
In 1932-1951 he was a director of animation, popular science and educational films.
In 1938, the first stories of Nicholas were published Nosova: "Entertainers", "Live Hat", "Cucumbers", "Wonderful Trousers", "Mishkina Porridge", "Gardeners", "Dreamers" and others, published mainly in the "baby" magazine "Murzilka" and formed the basis of the first collection "Knock-knock-knock".
In these, as well as in subsequent works (from the collections "Steps", "Funny Stories", "Dreamers", "The Adventures of Tolya Klyukvin", etc.) Nosov introduced a new hero into children's literature - a naive and sane, mischievous and inquisitive fidget who constantly finds himself in unusual, often comic situations. Especially popular were his stories for teenagers "A Merry Family", "Kolya Sinitsyn's Diary", "Vitya Maleev at School and at Home".
For writing the story "Vitya Maleev at school and at home" the writer was awarded a state prize.
Long-term fame and love of readers received the trilogy by N.N. Nosova, including fairy tale novels "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends", "Dunno in the Sunny City", "Dunno on the Moon".
Nikolay himself Nosov spokethat he began to write for children quite by accident - at first he simply told fairy tales to his little son and his friends. And gradually I realized that "composing for children is the best job."
Nikolai's stories Nosova partly describe his childhood, relationships with peers, their dreams and fantasies about the future. Although Nikolai's hobbies were completely unrelated to literature, everything changed when his son was born. Fairy tales Nosova before going to bed for his child, the future famous children's author wrote on the go, coming up with completely realistic stories from the life of ordinary boys. It is these stories of Nikolai Nosova the son was pushed by an already grown man to write and publish small books.
After several years, Nikolai Nikolayevich realized that writing for children is the best activity that one can think of. Stories Nosova it is interesting to read because he was not just an author, but also a psychologist and a loving father. His warm, respectful attitude towards the guys allowed him to create all these witty, lively and real fairy tales.
Stories Nosova for children
Every fairy tale Nosova, each story is a life story about children's pressing problems and tricks. At first glance, Nikolai's stories Nosova they are very comical and witty, but this is not their most important feature, it is more important that the heroes of the works are real children with real stories and characters. In any of them, you can recognize yourself as a child or your child. Fairy tales Nosova Reading is also pleasant for the reason that they are not lusciously sweet, but written in simple, understandable language with a child's perception of what is happening in every adventure.
I would like to note an important detail of all the stories Nosova for children: they have no ideological background! For fairy tales of the Soviet era, this is a very pleasant little thing. Everyone knows that no matter how good the works of the authors of that era are, the “brainwashing” in them gets boring and every year, every new reader is more striking. Stories Nosova You can read absolutely calmly, without worrying that the communist idea will shine through every line.
Years go by, Nikolay Nosov not with us for many years, but his tales and characters do not age. Sincere and amazingly kind heroes are asked for in all children's books.
Creativity N. Nosova is of great importance in children's literature. Very important features of his humorous talent were the ability to respond to urgent problems of upbringing and the ability to solve important moral and ethical problems in an emotional, entertaining form.
The action of this work by N.N. Nosova happens in the country, where short kids live - boys and girls as tall as a small cucumber. All residents of the Flower City - both children and adults, so to speak, in one face: by occupation - adults, by nature and behavior - real children. They are very educated: they come up with ingenious machines, build a balloon, live in revolving houses.
Floral, Green and Sunny cities are examples of a just arrangement of children's cities, where everyone works well, loves science, art and no one encroaches on the freedom of another.
All sixteen shorty friends captivate the reader by living like real children.
The hunter Pulka, the main baby-shorty Znayka, the poet Tsvetik, Dr. Pilyulkin and others - they are all bright personalities, each is busy with his own business. And only Dunno can not find himself in life in any way, takes on everything and throws everything away, while managing to ruin everything. Due to his carelessness and self-confidence, he constantly finds himself in comic positions. But he is sweet and charming, no one holds him grudge, he is not kicked out of the company. Why? Probably because he is natural and responsive, always ready to help his friends. And the writer himself does not hide warm feelings for Dunno.
Composition Nosov is very entertaining, interesting and instructive. And his moral simple: without work and study you will not become a skillful and respected person. The most significant problem posed by (and decides) the author in the text of the first story - the relationship between boys and girls as microsocial groups. The three spaces described in the text of the first book represent two possible arrangements for such "Conditional" "Childish" society: Flower City is like Mixed school, and Zmeevka and Green city, respectively, are male and female "Gymnasiums"... The storylines consistently boil down to confirming the idea of \u200b\u200bthe importance of communication and friendship between children of different sexes. The Tale of Dunno - didactic composition: her hero swears, blows his nose, is rude, lazy, frankly speaking, he is stupid and even somewhat disgusting, he does not at all look like a beautiful, ideal child of the Soviet era, late (and early) Stalin's years, combed, light-eyed, quick-witted, open-minded.
Dunno is a distorting mirror, a semblance of a human being, created by the author to correct shortcomings, and unexpectedly healed its own life.
Dunno is "Antihero" in relation to children's reading strategies, taken as a model. Dunno, the protagonist, is a braggart and ignorant; he constantly finds himself in comic positions because of his carelessness and self-confidence. That will come up "for the rhyme" that "Hurry was hungry, swallowed a cold iron"; then he brags that he is the most important shorty and invented the balloon. Dunno is a dreamer, somewhat reminiscent of Kozlov's bear from a cycle of stories Nosova"Mishka and I". He, too, evokes sympathy among readers, because the basis of his pranks is the desire for good, kindness.
N. Nosov never gets carried away with laughter for the sake of laughter; his works are always educational in nature. Unobtrusively, with a smile, the writer teaches boys and girls the ethics of friendship, calls on older children to be delicate in dealing with younger ones.
In works Nosova children receive new knowledge and ideas, answers to many questions that worry them, learn the concepts of duty, honor.
In the stories and stories of the writer, there is always material for parents. Already being adults and starting to raise their own children, they re-read books with pleasure. Nosova... These books help them to better know the inner world of the child, to understand what worries him and makes him happy.
Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov, whose biography will be described in this article, was born into the family of a pop artist not far from Kiev in the village of Irpen. The future writer spent his entire childhood here. The father thought that the boy would follow in his footsteps, but Nikolai chose the violin. Classes were very difficult for him, and soon he gave up his musical career.
Education
The boy's childhood coincided with the most tragic period in Russian history. The military actions and the subsequent revolution became the reason for the family's lack of stable earnings. Therefore, from the age of 14, Nosov, whose biography is still of interest, combined his studies at the gymnasium with part-time jobs. During this period, the boy tried many different professions, starting with a mower and ending with a newspaper seller. After the Civil War, the gymnasium where the future playwright studied was transformed into a seven-year school. After graduation in 1924, Nikolai got a job as a laborer, first at a cement plant, and then at a brick factory. During this period, he is very fond of chemistry and organizes a small laboratory for scientific research in the attic of a school friend. Nikolai had a desire to enter the Polytechnic Institute. But because of the incomplete secondary education, nothing came of it. At the age of 19, the failed chemist preferred an art chemist to the Polytechnic Institute. In the late 1920s, Nosov, whose biography is known to many Soviet children, moved to Moscow and entered the Institute of Cinematography. After 2 years, he graduated from it, having received the profession of a director and director of educational, animated and scientific films.
War
During the war years, Nikolai Nosov, whose biography contains many remarkable episodes, directed training films for the army. Thanks to his military-technical creation for the tank forces, he received the State Prize. In addition, in 1943 he was awarded the most revered military award - the Order of the Red Star.
Children's stories
To his compatriots Nikolai Nosov, whose biography is in many encyclopedias, is known as the creator of children's stories. Whole generations of children (Soviet and Russian) grew up on them. The writer's debut took place in 1938. This was the appearance in the Murzilka magazine of his story "Zateyniki". This and other works published in this magazine formed the basis of the first collection "Knock-knock-knock", published after 1945. A year later, the book "Steps" appeared. In 1951, the writer was awarded the Stalin Prize. Biography of Nosov for children is as interesting as his stories, the most famous of which are the works from the trilogy "The Adventures of Dunno", created in the 50-60s. In 1969, the author decided to "switch" to an adult audience and released the collection "Historical Humoresques", entirely consisting of satirical stories devoted to the difficult relationship between children and parents, philistinism and problems in the literature of that time. This book became the starting point for a whole series of stories for an adult audience. Many of them were published after the death of the writer in 1976.
Bobik, go quickly eat jelly! - cried Watchdog.
Bobby came running:
Where is the jelly?
Yes, here on my back. Lick.
Bobby, let's lick his back.
Oh, and delicious jelly! - is talking.
Then they transferred the cake to the table. Themselves also sat down on the table to make it more comfortable. They eat and talk.
Your life is good! - says Bobik. - You have everything!
Yes, says Watchdog, I live well. I do what I want: I want to comb my hair with a comb, I want to play on TV, eat and drink what I want, or lie on my bed.
Does your grandfather allow you?
What a grandfather to me! Just think! This is my bed.
Where does grandfather sleep?
Grandpa is there, in the corner, on the rug ...
Nosov described his childhood and adolescence in the story "The Mystery at the Bottom of the Well", published after the death of the writer in 1978. In this story, the writer spoke about the small village of Irpen not far from Kiev, where then a small family of either a railway worker or an actor (depending on the circumstances) Nikolai Nosov lived, and where his middle son, also Nikolai, literally took his first steps ...
Nosov recalled that he began to realize himself clearly by the age of three or four. He saw himself surrounded by things that aroused thoughts and, most importantly, acted on feelings: “Here is a huge wardrobe, with shoulders pushed forward, almost to the ceiling. He stands ... immersed in some of his deep, endless thought. You can get some words from him. " The wardrobe speaks an incomprehensible, raspy language. "The buffet is a more frivolous and smart creature." All sorts of goodies are kept in the buffet. And the sideboard says, according to Kolya's definition, like this: "talkatively squeaks, hisses, hisses, squeals, wheezes, quacks with all its doors and drawers." But the chairs look like prim aunts, "they really want to gossip about this and that, but they don't want to show that they may be interested in such trifles as idle talk."
“During his school years, he dreamed of becoming a musician (something like Paganini, at least), then he gave up the violin, took a great interest in chemistry and quite seriously prepared to enter the chemistry department of the Polytechnic Institute; just before entering he changed his mind and instead of the Polytechnic he entered the Art Institute ... He graduated from the Institute of Cinematography, then worked in the cinema, then became a children's writer "- this is how Nosov wrote about his" throwing "in his autobiography.
After the Nosov family moved to Kiev, Nikolai began to study at the gymnasium, but a few years later a civil war began. Hunger, typhus and death - the future writer had to go through all these trials. After graduating from a seven-year school in 1924, Nikolai went to work at a brick factory as a scavenger. He removed the slag from the brick kiln, and at the same time studied independently in the high school curriculum.
A multi-talented boy, Nosov from his gymnasium years was fond of music, theater and writing, along with chess, photography, electrical engineering and radio amateurism. At the same time, he managed to work as a newspaper merchant, excavator and mower. Everything that Nosov did in those years, he did recklessly, giving himself up to the process entirely. Starting to take up photography, he spent all his money only on it, saving on everything else to the point that his only clothes for some time remained the overalls received at the factory. In addition, he dreamed of becoming a musician, learned to play the violin, then became interested in chemistry and was preparing to enter the chemistry department of the Polytechnic Institute, but just before entering he changed his mind and instead of the Polytechnic he entered the Kiev Art Institute. And two years later, in 1929, Nosov transferred to the Moscow State Institute of Cinematography. Having finished it, he worked for almost twenty years, from 1932 to 1951, working in cinema, becoming a director of cartoons, scientific and educational films. And during the Great Patriotic War, Nosov shot military-patriotic films.
Such an episode from the life of Nosov has survived. Once he was instructed to make a film about the structure and operation of the British Churchill tank. One tank was taken to the studio and an English instructor showed the Russian tank driver how to operate the tank. The British left, but a few days later, during filming, instead of turning around, the tank began to describe a curved arc. The tanker was nervous and fussed, but the tank stubbornly did not want to turn and turned from a maneuverable vehicle into a clumsy slow-moving vehicle.
Nikolai Nikolaevich asked the driver to sit next to him. Not only the fate of the film depended on the solution to the control, but also the fate of the tank, which was to enter service with the Soviet troops. Nikolai Nikolaevich had previously worked on an educational film about tractors and was generally well versed in machines. Soon, observing the actions of the mechanic, he discovered an error. The driver was embarrassed, apologized to Nosov and did not want to believe that the director knew the technique simply as an amateur. Nosov also filmed the work of various parts of the machine, accompanying their showing with Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata. For this film, and for his work in the field of scientific and technical cinema, Nosov was awarded the Order of the Red Star in 1943.
Nikolai Nosov's literary debut took place in 1938, after the publication of one of the stories that he invented for his son in the children's magazine Murzilka. “Gradually I realized that composing for children is the best job. It requires a lot of knowledge, and not only literary, even more children's psychology. The main thing is love for them. And respect. I realized when my son was growing up that children should be treated with the greatest and very warm respect, ”said Nosov.
Nosov's stories were first published in one of the most famous magazines at that time - "Murzilka". Later the stories "Live Hat", "Cucumbers", "Wonderful Trousers", "Mishkina's Porridge", "Gardeners", "Fantasies" and other works of Nosov were combined in the Detgiz collection "Tuk-tuk-tuk" and published in 1945. Collections of stories "Steps" and "Merry Stories" for children of younger and middle age were published in 1947. In "Merry Tales" the main characters were an inseparable pair of friends who, being the complete opposite, perfectly complemented each other. Knowledge of child psychology and possession of an accessible and, at the same time, figurative language made it possible for Nosov's works to be recognized by children and adults. Nosov introduced a new hero into children's literature - a naive and sane, mischievous and inquisitive fidget, obsessed with a thirst for activity and constantly getting into unusual, often comic situations.
In 1949-50, the novels "The Merry Family" and "Kolya Sinitsin's Diary" were published. And soon Nosov became widely known for the story "Vitya Maleev at school and at home", published in 1951 and awarded the USSR State Prize in 1952. In 1955, the film "Two Friends" was shot based on the story.
But the most tremendous success among young readers was the trilogy about Dunno - the novel "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends", created in the period from 1953 to 1954, the novel "Dunno in the Sunny City" in 1958 and the novel "Dunno on the Moon" , written by Nosov in the period from 1964 to 1965. Several animated films have been made based on these fabulous works.
The writer's stories and stories are books about the real life of modern children, in which young readers could recognize not only themselves, but also the environment in which they lived: the environment of the family, school, street, pioneer camp. Nosov's heroes were not just children, but young citizens of their country - principled, inventive and smart.
In the preface of one of his books, Nosov wrote a comment: “Before reading these stories and stories, think about your loved ones! After all, it is they who will have a hard time when you decide to build an incubator or breed bees, or, at worst, teach your dog a few math lessons. And no one doubts that you will definitely want to do all this. Nikolai Nosov is so contagiously able to talk about all the different deeds of his heroes that it is simply impossible to resist the temptation to do everything yourself! "
In life, Nikolai Nikolaevich was completely undemanding. He didn't care what was going to be for lunch or dinner. He didn't like buying clothes. Some spoke of his difficult nature - yes, he was adamant, and sometimes harsh, defending his opinion on various issues. But there was no more sympathetic and simple person than Nosov in dealing with people and in everyday life. The people around Nosov were surprised by his special delicacy and kindness. He was an unusually truthful person. He was deeply opposed to lies, hypocrisy and pretense. He did not like to burden loved ones with his small errands, he bought himself paper and printed his works. In life, he seemed to be a sad and reserved person, while remaining a rare dreamer. His fantasy gave all of us Dunno and other short men - little people as tall as a cucumber - with their fascinating travels in the Flower City and even on the Moon.
If in the early stories and stories little readers learned how to cook porridge, build an incubator and learn arithmetic, then in the trilogy about Dunno Nosov took them far beyond the scope of everyday experience. The author filled his trilogy with a mass of scientific information: from technical to space.
On the Moon in the city of Davylon, the newspaper For Fools was published. And everyone who bought the "Newspaper for Fools" did not buy it because he considered himself a fool, but because he was interested to know what they write about for fools. Analogies with the modern press are involuntarily traced.
In the description of the misadventures of Dunno there is such an episode: on earth Dunno lived in a society of equals, and on the moon he first encountered social injustice.
The next stage in the writer's work was the creation of autobiographical stories. “The Mystery at the Bottom of the Well” is the title of the story he wrote about himself, his childhood and growing up. "The Story of My Friend Igor" was the name of the writer for a work dedicated to his grandson. But the book could be called "About a friend Vanya / Petya or Seryozha", since every boy and girl recognized their character traits on its pages, met with their joys and troubles, dreams and hopes.
Nikolay Nosov with his grandson.
In 1957, an authoritative international magazine made a calculation - the works of which Russian writers were most often translated into other languages. The result was a list in which Nikolai Nosov was the third - after Maxim Gorky and Alexander Pushkin. Through the efforts of translators, his characters have spoken in many languages \u200b\u200bof the world. Even in Japanese. So, do not be surprised to see the Dunno cafe in Japan.
In 1985, the documentary "Nikolai Nosov" was shot.
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The text was prepared by Andrey Goncharov
Used materials:
The text of the article "Nosov Nikolai Nikolaevich" by I. Kazyulkina
Materials of the site www.bibliogid.ru
Site materials www.lib76.narod.ru
Stories:
Poems and songs
Cog, Shpuntik and vacuum cleaner
Two friends
Dunno learns
Dunno traveler
Mystery at the bottom of the well
Us and children
Small literary encyclopedia
Grandma Dean
Quantum of laughter
Vitya Maleev at school and at home
Cheerful family
Kolya Sinitsyn's diary
The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends
Dunno in the Sunny City
Dunno on the Moon
Stories:
Three hunters
Bobik visiting Barbos
Our ice rink
Telephone
Pistol
Sparklers
Knock-Knock
Gardeners
About Gena
Blot
Dreamers
Mishkina porridge
Cucumbers
Living hat
Entertainers
The Adventures of Tolya Klyukvin
Wonderful Pants
In Soviet times, Nikolai Nosov, who invented the famous hero Dunno, in life was an unsociable and silent person with a complex and unyielding character, but this did not stop him from creating very funny and funny works. The biography of Nikolai Nosov did not particularly differ from the biographies of millions of his other compatriots, who were born in the tumultuous years of wars and revolutions, but who found the strength to live and create. Nosov was awarded many awards and medals, among them - the Order of the Red Star (1943), the Stalin Prize of the III degree (1952), the State Prize of the RSFSR im. Krupskaya N.K. (1969).
Nikolay Nosov: biography
The writer was born in Kiev on November 23, 1908. His father was an artist, and at the same time moonlighted as a railway worker. Nikolai spent all his childhood in the small town of Irpen near Kiev, where he went to study at the gymnasium.
The biography of Nikolai Nosov tells that the future writer was not the only child of his parents, he had two more brothers and a sister. Little Kolya loved going to concerts and performances of his father. And the parents began to seriously think about the fact that perhaps their boy would become an artist. Kolya wanted to play the violin, but it turned out to be beyond his power, and he gave up this occupation.
Hobbies
The biography of Nikolai Nikolayevich Nosov further tells that the writer's childhood and youth fell on the difficult years of the First World War and the Civil War. Hunger and cold were his family's companions. As a result, all of its members fell ill with typhus, but God had mercy, none of them died. Nikolai himself later recalled that he was sick longer and hardest than everyone else, there was almost no hope of recovery. But in spite of everything, he survived, and his mother just cried with joy when he recovered. So he realized that tears come not only from grief.
In addition to music and theater, Nosov was attracted to photography, chess, and electrical engineering. Times were difficult, so from the age of 14 he had to earn money as a trade in newspapers, a haymaker, and an excavator. After the revolution, their gymnasium became a seven-year school. After graduating from it in 1924, Nosov first went to work as a laborer at the Irpen Concrete Plant, and then to a brick factory in Bucha.
Search for a profession
Expanding further on the topic "Nosov Nikolai Nikolaevich: biography", I would like to note that from his youth, the future writer was very interested in chemistry, he even had his own laboratory in the attic, where he and his friends conducted their experiments. It was then that he began to dream about the profession of a chemist and wanted to enter the Kiev Polytechnic Institute. To do this, he went to study at an evening vocational school, after which his plans changed dramatically. At 19, he decided that he would study at the Kiev Art Institute.
Then, after two years of study, in 1929 Nikolai Nosov was transferred to the Moscow Institute of Cinematography. The biography contains information that in 1932 he successfully graduated from it and went to work as a director and director of animation, educational and scientific films.
Nikolai Nikolayevich partially reflected his autobiography in the book "The Mystery at the Bottom of the Well". During the Great Patriotic War, he worked as a director of training military-technical films for the country's armed forces.
Creation
Then Nikolai Nosov tries himself as a children's writer in 1938. His first story came out under the title "Zateyniki", then "Live Hat", "Wonderful Trousers", "Fantasy", "Mishkina Porridge" and others appeared. All these stories were published in the Murzilka magazine. In 1945, the first collection of stories "Knock-knock-knock" was published, and a year later another collection of his, "Steps", was published.
Nikolai Nosov himself admitted that he became a children's writer quite by accident. It all started with the fact that he began to invent and tell funny stories to his son, and then he realized that this is the best thing for him that he could do. Nosov began to thoroughly study not only children's literature, but also child psychology. The writer believed that kids should be treated with love, warmth and great respect, which is why his books became popular with a children's audience.
Other works for children
In 1947, another adventure collection by Nikolai Nosov, Funny Stories, was published. And the most famous were his stories "The Merry Family", "Kolya Sinitsyn's Diary".
In 1952, Nikolai Nosov was awarded the III degree Stalin Prize for the story "Vitya Maleev at school and at home." A little later, in 1954, a children's film "Two Friends" was shot on it.
He showed children, using the examples of his heroes, what friendship, responsiveness, mutual assistance are, and how difficult it is to live without all this. Such bad qualities as envy, vanity and lies were very much condemned by Nikolai Nosov. Biography (for children, it is also accessible and understandable) indicates that a moral educational theme is traced in all of his works.
Dunno
The most famous works of Nosov were adventure stories about Dunno. It all started with his first work "Cog, Shpuntik and Vacuum Cleaner", followed by the trilogy "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends", "Dunno in the Solar City" and "Dunno on the Moon".
The very first illustrator of his works about Dunno was A.M. Laptev, who presented the child's viewer with the image of a restless boy in a hat. Then G.O. took up the illustrations of Nosov's books. Valk, and then - the artists I. Semenov, A. Kanevsky, E. Afanasyeva and others.
Ironic humoresques
Nikolai Nosov is not only a children's writer, in 1969 he published a collection of satire called "Ironic Humoresques", which dealt with issues of contemporary literature. He also wrote about the teacher-student relationship, parent-child relationship, bad habits, etc.
The theme "Nosov Nikolai Nikolaevich: biography" is very well revealed by his autobiographical work "The Story of My Friend Igor", consisting of three parts, which was written in 1972. The third part of this work, "The Mystery at the Bottom of the Well", was published in 1977, when the writer was no longer alive.
Nosov had two wives. The first wife died and left a son - fifteen-year-old Peter. The second wife had no children. The writer's son Peter Nosov was a photojournalist.
On July 26, 1976 in Moscow at the age of 68, the beloved writer Nikolai Nosov died. His biography mentions that he is buried in the capital's Kuntsevo cemetery.