Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt. Chapter VI What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky? Why does the blacksmith Arkhip kill the clerks, but at the risk of his own life, he saves the cat? When you guessed that D

Lesson 1

Theme: About the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky". Historical and cultural context of time. Image of the Russian nobility.

Target: acquaintance with the concept of "novel", with the history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky", with the historical features of that time, the development of t / h: literacy, expressiveness, fluency.

During the classes:
I.Acquaintance with the concept of "novel".

novel is a large epic work with a ramified, unfolding plot, in which events take place over a considerable time and in a wide artistic space.

II. About the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" Teacher's word
In 1826, in September, Pushkin was summoned by Tsar Nicholas II to Moscow. After talking with the poet, the tsar said that he was talking with "the smartest man in Russia." Pushkin was allowed to live in Moscow and even work in the archives. In the early thirties, the poet begins to write prose works. Pushkin worked on the novel "Dubrovsky" from October 1832 to February 1833. During the life of the creator, this novel was not published: Pushkin considered it unfinished.
The novel is based on Nashchokin's message to A.S. Pushkin “about a poor nobleman by the name of Ostrovsky ... who had a trial with a neighbor for land. He was driven out of the estate and, left with some peasants, began to plunder ... "(P.I.Bartenev). Pushkin had heard of such cases before. These facts were creatively interpreted by AS Pushkin in the novel "Dubrovsky".

III. Introduction to the historical and cultural context of time Conversation
With the help of questions, we activate the already existing knowledge of children about this era. Let's read the first line of the novel.
- When does the novel take place?
It will be important for the teacher to indicate that the action takes place in the first half of the 19th century.
- What was the society of those times?
Autocracy, serfdom. Tsar; estates: nobles, officials, peasants - serfs and free. (General views.)
- What work on serfdom did we study in grade 5?
Let's remember "Mumu" by I. S. Turgenev.
- What was the attitude of the lady to her serfs? What was the relationship between the serfs? Remember how the old lady's adherents behaved.
- Remember Leo Tolstoy's story "Prisoner of the Caucasus". What class did Zhilin and Kostylin belong to?
Let's draw the attention of the children that both officers were nobles, but Kostylin

was rich, and Zhilin was poor. The nobility was heterogeneous. The nobleman owned an estate, which consisted of land and serfs. Some noblemen owned vast lands (estates) and a large number of peasants, while others were small.
Nobles could marry and marry only people from their own class. Most of the nobles considered serfdom normal and disposed of their property as they saw fit (recall the tyranny of the lady in Mumu). They did not consider people who did not belong to noble families worthy of attention and respect. The nobles lived mainly on their estates, were engaged in the household and went to visit each other. The peasants called their master the word "master", the hostess - a lady, children - barchuk and barchats.

IV. Chapter I. Image of the Russian nobility
The teacher begins reading the novel to set the right tone for further work. It is good if an episode of the quarrel between Dubrovsky and Troekurov is read in the classroom (up to the words: "Pacing with heavy steps back and forth in the hall ...").

Homework
Read chapters I, II (pp. 165-175, part 1 of the textbook). Answer the questions for these chapters (p. 240, v. 1,4,5). (textbook Merkin, "Literature Grade 6")

Lesson 2

Theme: Image of the Russian nobility. Dubrovsky Sr. and Troekurov. Father and son.

Target: to consider, in comparison, the two boyars the image of the Russian nobility, the development of t / h: literacy, expressiveness, fluency; develop the ability to work with text.

During the classes:

I. Image of the Russian nobility. Dubrovsky Sr. and Troekurov
Conversation
We are talking about questions to the corresponding chapters (p. 240 v.1,4,5)
Chapter I
- What gave Troekurov "a lot of weight in the provinces"?
"Wealth, noble family and connections" gave Troyekurov "a lot of weight in the provinces."
- How do you understand the expression great weight in the provinces ?
- How can you explain Troyekurov's rudeness and willfulness? (2nd question of the tutorial).
“The neighbors were happy to please his slightest whim; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted the signs of servility as a proper tribute ... ”Troekurov's rudeness and willfulness can be explained by great wealth and unlimited power over people. We can say that he treated his guests in the same way as his serfs. He believed that he could buy everything, and humiliated the dignity of people.
We ask the children to find the answers to the 3rd question of the textbook directly in the text:
- What kind of person was Kirila Petrovich in the home? What did his usual "occupations" consist of?
“At home, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he used to give full vent to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the ventures of a rather limited mind. " Troekurov drank every evening and twice a week suffered from gluttony. "Troekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his extensive estates, in prolonged feasts and pranks, invented every day ..."
- Describe the two landlord neighbors, highlight their similarities and differences.
Troekurov, "haughty in dealing with people of the highest rank," respected Dubrovsky, because "he knew from experience the impatience and decisiveness of his character." Dubrovsky, the only one of the people around him, behaved proudly, was independent and refused the patronage of his former colleague.
Troekurov and Dubrovsky "partly resembled both in characters and inclinations." This similarity was manifested in pride, but Troekurov maintained this feeling in himself with an awareness of wealth and power, and Dubrovsky - with an awareness of the antiquity of his kind and noble honor. Both landowners had a hot, irascible disposition. Both loved hunting with dogs and kept dogs.
The incident at the kennel characterizes Dubrovsky as a proud man who does not want to turn into a jester and has a sense of his own dignity. Dubrovsky assessed the hunter's remark as an insult to the honor of the nobility by the servant.
- What do you think, if Troekurov were visiting a richer and noble person who would offend his dignity, how would Troekurov act in that case?
The quarrel between Dubrovsky and Troekurov cannot be considered an "accidental incident." It is natural, because Troekurov treated all his guests arrogantly, and Dubrovsky could not endlessly be an exception to this rule.
- Pick up a quote that corresponds to the drawing by B. M. Kustodiev (p. 168 of the textbook).
- What method of revenge did Troekurov choose?
- What was the main law of Kirila Petrovich?
It is important that the students, answering this question, find the most expressive phrase that characterizes Troyekurov: “This is the strength to take away the property without any right”.
- How did Shabashkin act on behalf of Troekurov?
Let's conclude that for the assessor, the judge's assistant, who was the representative of the law, money became the main law of life.

Chapter II
The officials of the district court greeted Dubrovsky and Troekurov differently. Nobody paid attention to Dubrovsky. When Kirila Petrovich arrived, the scribes “got up and put their feathers behind their ear. The members greeted him with an expression of profound servility, moved him a chair out of respect for his rank, age and stoutness. "
The picture of the court evokes a feeling of annoyance, pity for Dubrovsky, indignation against Troyekurov's triumph and protest against the servility and servility of the judges. Pushkin emphasizes the unnaturalness of this trial with such details: the assessor turns to Troyekurov with a low bow, and Dubrovsky is simply presented with paper; Troekurov sits in an armchair while Dubrovsky is leaning against the wall.
- Why does the author highlight a word in a phrase in a different font "Decision court "?
The author highlights the word in a different fontdecision,because he does not believe that the court decided anything at all.
"Dubrovsky's sudden madness had a strong effect" on Troyekurov's imagination and "poisoned his triumph", because he failed to see how Dubrovsky humiliated himself. He went mad, but his pride and honor were not broken.

I. Father and son Commented reading We start reading from chapter III: Pushkin's text will be read aloud by several students. Let's make the necessary comments.
Vladimir Dubrovsky led a life in St. Petersburg, in his opinion, a decent life for a Guards officer. His father sent him money, leaving almost nothing for himself, and Dubrovsky, a wasteful and ambitious young man, "indulged in luxurious whims, played cards and went into debt, not caring about the future." He hoped for his father and that he could find himself a rich bride.
Dubrovsky received the news of his father's illness "with extraordinary excitement." He was horrified by the position of his father, and he "reproached himself with criminal negligence." The character of Dubrovsky showed love for his family and a willingness to come to the aid of his father.
The dialogue between Vladimir Dubrovsky and the coachman Anton can be read by roles.
The courtyards and peasants did not like and were afraid of Troyekurov. Kucher Anton told Dubrovsky that at Troyekurov “it’s bad for his own people, but strangers will get it, so he will not only remove the skin from them, but also the meat”.
Dubrovsky is a person who has a sense of his own dignity, and such a person will not humiliate the dignity of another. Dubrovsky was fair to his serfs, and they did not want another master.
Reading the description of Pokrovsky and Kistenevka, we ask :
- What technique does the author use when describing two manor estates?
- How did Dubrovsky, the eldest, meet his son?
Homework
Read chapters III-VI. Answer the questions of the textbook for these chapters (pp. 175-191).
Prepare a retelling of the episode "The Fire in the Dubrovsky Estate".

Individual task ( Guk, Korovin, Abramova)
Prepare an expressive reading of chapter VIII.

Lesson 3

Theme: Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt .

Target: teach how to work with text, the ability to confirm your thoughts with quotes, develop the ability to compose an oral story from illustration,

During the classes:

I. Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt Conversation
We are talking about the questions of the textbook for the chapters that were asked to read at home (pp. 175 - 191, part 1).
We start our conversation with chapter IV. It is important that students master the work with the text, learn to confirm their thoughts with quotations.
- How did Troekurov react to the news of taking possession of the estate?
Troekurov was embarrassed: “By nature he was not greedy, the desire for revenge lured him too far, his conscience grumbled. He knew the state of his opponent, an old friend of his youth, and the victory did not please his heart. "
- What opposite feelings did Troekurov experience? "Satisfied revenge and lust for power drowned out to some extent the noble feelings, but the latter finally triumphed."
- Why was the reconciliation of former friends impossible?
The remorse that Troekurov experienced came too late.

Chapter V
After the death of his father, Vladimir Dubrovsky felt emotional grief. Pushkin writes that Vladimir's face was scary, that he could neither cry nor pray. The author does not directly name those feelings that the young man experienced, but we can assume that he became bitter, that he felt a sense of wounded pride and a desire to avenge his father's death. Christianity orders to forgive their enemies, but Vladimir Dubrovsky did not want to forgive Troekurov and therefore could not pray.
- Find and read the episode in which the feelings of Vladimir Dubrovsky are revealed. What technique does the author use to describe the state of the hero?
Pushkin conveys Dubrovsky's feelings with the help of a description of the thicket, where he went after the funeral. Vladimir walked along more often, not making out the road, "... the branches touched and scratched him every minute, his feet were constantly stuck in the swamp, he did not notice anything."
As Dubrovsky did not make out the roads more often, so he could not make out and

of his confused feelings: "... thoughts, one darker than the other, were more embarrassed in his soul ... He strongly felt his loneliness."
- In the passage describing Vladimir in the thicket of the forest, find epithets. How do they help the reader understand the hero's condition? (From the words: "Finally he reached ..." to "He strongly felt his loneliness.")
- How do the judicial officials who have come to "put into possession" of Troyekurov behave? Judicial officials, representatives of the law, who came to "put into possession" of Troyekurov, behave defiantly. They allow shameless statements about Dubrovsky, threaten his peasants, because they feel behind their backs the strength and power, backed by Troyekurov's money.
The anger and indignation of the peasants is growing gradually, but the peasants are especially indignant when an official insults Dubrovsky himself, the master and the rightful owner of the estate, and inspires the peasants that their master is Troyekurov. First, a voice from the crowd answers the officials, then a murmur arises in the crowd, it intensifies and turns into terrible screams. The crowd starts to move.
- Find and read the reply "voices from the crowd", the answer to it of the police officer and the objection of the same voice. Why was the police chief so indignant at the words of the peasant?
- Why does Vladimir Dubrovsky not allow angry peasants to deal with officials? Vladimir Dubrovsky does not allow angry peasants to deal with officials, because he does not want to become a toy in the hands of a crowd of peasants, does not want to become an accomplice in reprisals and hopes for the tsar's justice.

Chapter VI
Vladimir Dubrovsky came to the decision to burn down the "sad house" after he saw the portrait of his mother in a new way, read her letters to his father, where she talked about her little son, and heard the voices of clerks who demanded one or the other, by their presence and desecrating the bright memory of Dubrovsky's father and mother by his behavior.Let's help students see the antithesis in the second paragraph of the chapter: "The world of family happiness", into which Dubrovsky plunged, reading the letters of his mother, is contrasted with the reality in which Vladimir Dubrovsky sees the trampled honor of his father and the defiant behavior of clerks.
- What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky? The peasants joined Dubrovsky, because they were outraged by the fact that they were not going to be commanded and disposed of by natural nobles (whose right to own land and people they considered unshakable), but clerks, people of ignoble origin. Arkhip the blacksmith says: "... has the business been heard, the clerks have decided to own us, the clerks are driving our masters out of the master's yard ..." The insult inflicted on their master was perceived by the peasants as their own insult.
- Why does the blacksmith Arkhip kill the clerks, but at the risk of his own life, he saves the cat? This question is difficult enough for

sixth graders. The blacksmith Arkhip kills the clerks, but at the risk of his life he saves the cat from the roof of the burning barn. He says to children who laugh at the miserable animal: "You are not afraid of God: God's creation is dying, and you are foolishly rejoicing ..." worthy of salvation: in his understanding, they violated the law established by God and the king. Helping Troyekurov to administer an unrighteous judgment, they violated God's commandments: they helped one person to steal property from another, lied and broke the oath, according to which they were obliged to speak the truth.
Let's pay attention to the speech characteristics of Arkhip the blacksmith in his conversation with Egorovna:
“Archipushka,” Yegorovna told him, “save them, the accursed, God will reward you.
- How not so, - answered the blacksmith.
- Where have we already heard these words?
Let us conclude that in the scene with the clerks (chapter V), the “voice from the crowd” belonged to a blacksmith.
Consider the illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the estate of Dubrovsky" (p. 190 of the textbook).
- Compose an oral story based on this picture. The illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the Dubrovsky Estate" in the center of the picture depicts a young master Vladimir Andreevich Dubrovsky. He seemed to have just brought a torch to the hay, which flashed brightly; "The flames rose and lit up the whole house." Dubrovsky took off his cap from his head, saying goodbye to his home, and looks at the fire. To his left stands, leaning on his hand, nanny Orina Yegorovna Buzyreva, in a white scarf and an apron, her head down sadly. Behind her we recognize the figures of the serfs Dubrovsky: this is the coachman Anton with black hair and a beard, the fair-haired Grisha, the son of Yegorovna, and behind the figure of Anton is the blacksmith Arkhip, who locked the clerks with a key, but at the risk of his life saved the cat from the roof of a burning shed ...
On the left we see the fire of the fire. Flames are reaching out to Dubrovsky. Horses are standing in the background, above a group of people, sparks from the fire fly towards the black sky.
The whole figure of Dubrovsky expresses pride and a sense of inner dignity. The figures of serfs express a sullen determination to follow their proud master: "... we will die, we will not leave you, we go with you."

II. Commented reading

Chapter vii
Students read chapter VII.
Commenting on the chapter, let's say that Vladimir Dubrovsky was forced to become a robber by the death of his father and lack of livelihood, but the main reason is that, knowing the greed and venality of officials, he lost hope in a fair court decision and did not even hope to find

protection from the tsar, because this needed money, and Dubrovsky did not have it.

Chapter viii
A student performing an individual assignment reads expressively chapter VIII or the episode "Deforge in the Bear's Room" (from the words: "Outside Kirila Petrovich ...").
- What is the meaning of the author in the expression "noble amusements of the Russian master"?
- What qualities did Deforge show in the bear's room?
- What fact made an indelible impression on Marya Kirilovna? How has Marya Kirilovna's attitude towards Deforge changed?
Homework
Prepare an expressive reading of chapters IX-XI. (Pp. 197 - 213). Answer the textbook questions for the corresponding chapters

Lesson 4

Theme: O godparents visiting Troekurov. Despotism of the owner, disrespect for the human person. Cowardice, servility, greed of Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn. Composition.

Target:

During the classes:

I. Neighborhood nobility visiting Troekurov. Despotism of the owner, disrespect for the human person

Chapter IX
We begin the lesson with an expressive reading of Chapter IX. Then we talk about:
- How does Spitsyn explain his lateness?
- What act does Spitsyn consider to be an act "according to conscience and justice"? What really drove Anton Pafnutich?
- How does the host behave during lunch? Pay attention to his dialogue with the police chief.
- What qualities does Troekurov show during lunch?
Let's help schoolchildren answer that Troekurov treats his guests rudely and despotically, mocks them, humiliates their human dignity (“We know you; where do you spend money, you live at home a pig, a pig ...”).
- How the author's words characterize the police officer:
“The police chief got cold feet, bowed, smiled, stuttered and said at last:
- We will try, your excellency "?
- Compare the stories of Spitsyn and Globova. What characteristics does each of them give to Dubrovsky?
Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn in his story says about Dubrovsky: "He is not a small mistake, he will not let anyone down, but he will probably pull off two skins from me."
Anna Savishna Globova does not give a direct characterization of Dubrovsky, but retells the words of the visiting general: “... Dubrovsky attacks not everyone, but famous rich people, but even here he shares with them, and does not rob clean, and no one accuses him of murders. .. "Globova says:" I guessed who his excellency was, there was nothing for me to interpret with him. " But in the words of the landowner, there is some sympathy and respect for the person who exposed the clerk's tricks and thus returned her money.
- For what purpose do you think the author introduces the stories of Spitsyn and Globova into the narrative? What is the reception at

does the author use it?
The author introduces the stories of Spitsyn and Globova into the narrative in order to show the idea that the surrounding landowners have about Dubrovsky, to express the conflicting feelings of people towards the unwilling robber, to more fully present the appearance of the main character to the readers. The author uses the antithesis to show Anton Pafnutich's cowardice and Anna Savishna's dignified behavior.
- What did Troekurov say when the police chief read Dubrovsky's signs? Why did Troekurov come to this conclusion?
- What qualities did Dubrovsky show during a festive dinner at Pokrovsky? Why did none of the guests guess that Deforge is Dubrovsky?
None of Troekurov's guests guessed that Deforge was Dubrovsky, because no one could even expect that Troekurov's enemy would end up at his home in the role of a French teacher. Dubrovsky did not betray himself in any way. He did not react to stories about himself and spoke only with Sasha and only in French. Nobody even suspected that he knew Russian.

II. Cowardice, servility, greed of Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn

Chapter X
- What did Troekurov do when some of the guests wanted to go home?
- How did the character of the evening change after Troekurov left?
- Why did Spitsyn decide to spend the night with Deforge? Pupils read chapter X expressively (from the words "I came to the wing ..." to the end).
- What qualities of his character does Anton Pafnutich show?

III. Composition

Chapter XI
- How did Dubrovsky become Desforges?
We will invite students to briefly answer this question.
Dubrovsky at the post station met a Frenchman who was on his way to Troekurov to serve as a teacher for little Sasha. Dubrovsky offered the Frenchman money so that he gave him all the documents and immediately left for France. The Frenchman agreed. So Dubrovsky became Desforge.
During his stay at Troyekurov's estate, Dubrovsky showed restraint, composure, acting qualities, nobility and the ability to control himself.
- Why did A.S. Pushkin violate the sequence of presentation?
Pushkin interrupted the sequence of events to make the reader feel like a guest at a dinner, who listens to talk about Dubrovsky and does not know that he is sitting next to him; so that the reader will experience the same surprise as Anton Pafnutich, who is being robbed of his precious bag. Pushkin wanted to create a secret, an intrigue, and he succeeded.

Homework
Draw up (in writing) a plan of the main events of chapters VIII-XI. Read chapter XII.

Lesson 5

Theme: Composition. Plot. Romantic love story of Vladimir and Masha .

Target:

During the classes:

I. Composition. Plot ./ Checking homework /
Ask the student to write on the chalkboard a plan of events drawn up at home for Chapters VIII-XI.
Plan of the main events of chapters VIII-XI
1) The French teacher arrived at Pokrovskoe.
2) A conversation between Kirila Petrovich and a Frenchman.
3) "Noble amusements of the Russian master."
4) Deforge kills the bear.
5) "... The guests began to arrive."
6) Festive lunch at Pokrovskoye.
7) Stories by Spitsyn and Globova.
8) Signs of Dubrovsky.
9) End of the holiday.
10) Anton Pafnutich goes to bed in Dubrovsky's room.
11) Deforzh-Dubrovsky is robbing Spitsyn.
12) The French teacher is waiting for the horses in the caretaker's house.
13) Dubrovsky buys documents from a Frenchman.
14) Dubrovsky with the papers of the Frenchman comes to Troekurov and becomes Sasha's teacher.
15) Morning departure of the robbed Spitsyn.
Working collectively, to the right of the notes with numbers (colored pencil or green pen), we indicate the true course of events.
We have restored plot of the work.
* Plot - sequence and connection of events in a work of art.
Why does the author violate the temporal sequence of events, that is, the sequence of the presentation of the plot?
Pushkin disrupts the temporal sequence of events in order to create mystery, intrigue, and arouse the intense interest of readers.

* Composition - this is the construction of a work of art, the location and interconnection of all its parts, images, episodes.

II. Romantic love story of Vladimir and Masha .
- Why did Dubrovsky look for opportunities to settle in Troekurov's house and abandon plans for revenge?
- Remember how Masha first treated Deforge. Why?
- What event made her change her attitude towards the teacher? - What feelings did she experience when she received a note from Desforges?
- How did Masha think over her behavior on a date? Did she manage to behave the way she wanted?
- Find the words Dubrovsky, explaining the refusal to take revenge.
“I understood that the house where you dwell is sacred, that not a single creature tied to you by the bond of blood is subject to my curse. I gave up revenge like madness. "
- What promise did Marya Kirillovna make to Dubrovsky?
Sixth graders may not immediately understand what a promise not to reject loyalty means. Let us tell them thatin medieval Europe, there was a tradition of chivalrously serving his lady, not demanding anything from her, except that the lady should accept the devotion of her knight. Dubrovsky understands that Marya Kirillovna cannot become his wife. He only wants to serve her and asks that she does not reject his help. This kind of love we now callromantic.
- Why was Dubrovsky forced to flee Pokrovsky?
- How did Troekurov part with his guests?
We will ask the students to remember how Troekurov ordered the gates to be locked so that the guests could not go home on the day of the temple holiday in Pokrovskoye. Let us compare this act with how Troekurov at eleven o'clock, being out of sorts, dispersed the guests to their homes. Let us draw a conclusion about the despotism and tyranny of Troyekurov.

Homework
Read the novel to the end (chapters XIII-XIX). Answer the textbook questions for the corresponding chapters

Lesson 6

Theme: Image of the Russian nobility. Troekurov and Prince Vereisky. The fate of Marya Kirilovna and Dubrovsky .

Equipment: reproduction of the painting by V.V. Pukirev "Unequal marriage"

Target:

During the classes:

1. Image of the Russian nobility. Troekurov and Prince Vereisky. The fate of Marya Kirilovna
Textbook Conversation :
- How do you imagine Prince Vereisky? What makes him related to Troekurov and what is their difference?
Prince Vereisky is a man of fifty, but it seems "much older." Pushkin writes:
“Excesses of all kinds have worn out his health and have left their indelible stamp on him. Despite the fact that his appearance was pleasant, wonderful, and the habit of always being in society gave him a certain courtesy, especially with women. He had an incessant need for scattering and was constantly bored. "
The prince was an empty man. He spent all his life abroad, lived on the money that the clerk from the estate sent him, and for the first time he came to see this estate at the age of fifty. In this he differs from his neighbor: Kirila Petrovich Troekurov lived on his estate and managed the household himself. But Troekurov also exhausted himself with all kinds of excesses: remember that he was tipsy every evening and twice a week suffered from gluttony.
The two neighbors are also related by the fact that each of them cared only about his own well-being and believed that everyone else was created to serve them and give them pleasure.
- How did Kirila Petrovich feel about his daughter and how did he dispose of her fate?
Kirila Petrovich treated his daughter as property and, without her consent, decided to marry Marya Kirilovna to a prince who was much older than her. Masha's emotional experiences were an annoying misunderstanding for him. He considered only a question of a dowry to be a matter.
To illustrate the conversation between Marya Kirilovna and her father, the teacher can use a reproduction of the painting by FS Zhuravlev "Before the crown", which is kept in the State Tretyakov Gallery. The painting depicts a young girl in a wedding dress decorated with flowers. She kneels in front of her father, covering her face with her hands. The father, apparently, informs her that his decision is final.
- Retell the ring episode.
- How did Mitya and Sasha behave during interrogation?
Mitya and Sasha behaved differently during interrogation. When Sasha let slip, Kirila Petrovich realized that Marya Kirilovna was involved in the case, and began to threaten Sasha that he would snatch him with rods. Sasha got scared and gradually, word for word, told about his sister's request.
When Troekurov's attention turned to Mitya, he replied that he was "the courtyard of the Dubrovsky gentlemen." This was a very bold answer, because after the court's decision, the serfs of Dubrovsky belonged to Troyekurov. To Troekurov's next question, the boy answered "with great indifference" that he "stole raspberries." After that Mitya did not say another word. He assumed the "look of a real fool" and did not respond to Troekurov's threats.
Troekurov and the police chief released Mitya to track down where he would run: "He will help us catch the chieftain himself." The consequence of this was that the bandit camp was discovered and the soldiers attacked it.
After Dubrovsky confessed his love to Marya Kirilovna, she promised to call Dubrovsky for help if necessary. However, in despair, she herself told her father that she could resort to Dubrovsky's intercession. The father did his best to prevent this from happening. Marya Kirilovna could not leave the house to warn Dubrovsky, could not put the ring in the hollow of the oak in time. Marya Kirilovna did not dare to tell her father in time that she did not want to marry Vereisky, did not dare to say "no" in church. She waited for a mysterious romantic deliverer, without doing anything for her own deliverance. When Dubrovsky with his people stopped the carriage, she reproached him for not arriving on time, and said: "I agreed, I took an oath ..."
Marya Kirilovna refused Dubrovsky's help, because she was married and could no longer act of her own free will. Marya Kirilovna became a princess and a rich woman. Only after the death of her old husband would she gain independence.
Acquaintance with a reproduction of the painting by V. V. Pukirev "Unequal marriage".

The social types of this picture are somewhat different from those of Pushkin: a rich official cynically buys for himself a young wife, a bride without a dowry; but the powerlessness of women of that time in Russia remains unchanged.

II. The fate of Dubrovsky
Chapter XIX
We read aloud chapter XIX. Then we work on the questions of the textbook for the chapter.
A.S. Pushkin calls the peasants Dubrovsky robbers, but he himself refutes this statement, describing their life. Thus, the sentry "inserted a patch into some part of his clothes, wielding a needle with an art that denounces an experienced tailor." After dinner, the robbers got up and prayed to God, then some scattered through the forest, while others lay down to take a nap, "according to Russian custom," as the peasants do.
The guard does not behave like a robber accustomed to constant

danger, but like a man playing a robber. He admires the patch and, astride a cannon, sings a sad song at the top of his lungs. A person who feels sadness and sadness will not sing with all his might. He will sing softly, thoughtfully. Moreover, a person standing on guard will not sing, because he must listen to see if there is an enemy somewhere. And of course, for real robbers, "an old woman in a white cap, neatly and primly dressed" will not leave the hut door.
- Why do you think Vladimir Dubrovsky left his peasants?
Dubrovsky left his peasants for several reasons. Firstly, he understood that after the storming of his fortress by soldiers, the government would send larger forces to eliminate the robber's nest, and he would no longer be able to hold out with his robber peasants. Secondly, he already had enough money to ensure his life abroad (in Russia he could no longer live under his own name) and to provide money for his peasants. Thirdly, the main reason why Dubrovsky still remained in the Kistenevskaya grove disappeared: Marya Kirilovna became Princess Vereiskaya and refused his help.

III.Final conversation
Let's summarize the study of the novel. The first question is focused on students' understanding of the social problems of the novel.
- Why did Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky lose a lawsuit with Kirila Petrovich Troekurov?
Dubrovsky lost his litigation with Troekurov, because his documents were burned, and Troekurov bribed judges and officials. The obsequious Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn testified in favor of Troekurov, and the judges proved that the real law for them is money.
- Do you think that Dubrovsky's love story for Marya Kirilovna could have a happy ending?
The young Dubrovsky did not have the means and connections to turn to the tsar for help, as he promised his peasants. With his predatory attacks, he placed himself outside the law.
The story of his relationship with Marya Kirilovna could not have a happy ending. Even if he had time to do it on time and did not allow the marriage to take place, what would he have been able to offer Marya Kirilovna in return? The fate of the wife of a robber forced to flee abroad, hiding his real name all his life and not being able to come home.
If Dubrovsky had even killed Prince Vereisky, then Troekurov would have given his daughter in marriage to another person or would have imprisoned her in a monastery.
Dubrovsky managed to do the most important thing: among the troubles that he had to endure, he remained a man of honor and did not break the word given to Marya Kirilovna that "not a single creature connected with you by the bonds of blood is subject to my curse."
- How would you formulate the main idea of the work?
The main idea of this work is difficult to formulate unambiguously. You can express it like this: noble and honest people hate servility, dishonor, the omnipotence of money, they cannot come to terms with the fact that even the decision of judges can be bought.

IV. novel
Tell the students that in the next lesson they will finish studying the first novel that is included in the school curriculum.

* Novel - a large narrative work, characterized by a variety of characters and a branching plot.
Indeed, the novel "Dubrovsky" depicts noblemen - rich and poor, officials - judges, a police officer and station superintendent, peasants - courtyards, a blacksmith, coachman, nanny and others. The novel shows two generations of the life of noble families (Troekurovs, Dubrovskys) and peasant families (Orina Buzyreva and Grishka), describes various significant events in a person's life - wedding, death; there is a love story and a detective intrigue. The novel raises an important problem: how can a person live in a world where injustice and lawlessness reign?

Homework
Prepare for a presentation with elements of reasoning on the topic "What circumstances forced Dubrovsky to become a robber?"

Lesson 7 (speech development lesson)

Theme: Presentation with elements of reasoning: "What circumstances forced Dubrovsky to become a robber?"

Target:

During the classes:

I.Preparation for presentation
Together with the students, we will draw up a presentation plan.
Plan option
1. Vladimir Dubrovsky in St. Petersburg.
2. Letter from Orina Yegorovna to Vladimir Dubrovsky.
3. Arrival of Vladimir to Kistenevka.
4. What did Vladimir learn from his father's documents and stories from peasants?
5. Death of the father.
6. Dubrovsky becomes a robber.

(The retelling should be very short. You should not get carried away with the presentation of details and conversations. At the end of the presentation, it is necessary to draw a conclusion).

II.Presentation

Homework
Read the article of the textbook "Thinking about what we have read" (pp. 238 - 239).

Chapter I

What gave Troekurov "a lot of weight in the provinces"?

"Wealth, noble family and connections" gave Troyekurov "a lot of weight in the provinces."

How do you understand the expression of great weight in the provinces?

How can you explain Troyekurov's rudeness and willfulness? (2nd question of the tutorial).

“The neighbors were happy to please his slightest whim; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted the signs of servility as a proper tribute ... ”Troekurov's rudeness and willfulness can be explained by great wealth and unlimited power over people. We can say that he treated his guests in the same way as his serfs. He believed that he could buy everything, and humiliated the dignity of people.

We ask the children to find the answers to the 3rd question of the textbook directly in the text:

What kind of person was Kirila Petrovich in the home? What did his usual "occupations" consist of?

“At home, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he used to give full vent to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the ventures of a rather limited mind. " Troekurov drank every evening and twice a week suffered from gluttony. "Troekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his extensive estates, in prolonged feasts and pranks, invented every day ..."

Questions 4, 5, 6 of the textbook help us to characterize two neighbors, landlords, to identify their similarities and differences.

Troekurov, "haughty in dealing with people of the highest rank," respected Dubrovsky, because "he knew from experience the impatience and decisiveness of his character." Dubrovsky, the only one of the people around him, behaved proudly, was independent and refused the patronage of his former colleague.

Troekurov and Dubrovsky "partly resembled both in characters and inclinations." This similarity was manifested in pride, but Troekurov maintained this feeling in himself with an awareness of wealth and power, and Dubrovsky - with an awareness of the antiquity of his kind and noble honor. Both landowners had a hot, irascible disposition. Both loved hunting with dogs and kept dogs.

The incident at the kennel characterizes Dubrovsky as a proud man who does not want to turn into a jester and has a sense of his own dignity. Dubrovsky assessed the hunter's remark as an insult to the honor of the nobility by the servant.

What do you think, if Troekurov were visiting a richer and noble person who would offend his dignity, how would Troekurov act in that case?

Pick up a quote that corresponds to the drawing by B. M. Kustodiev (p. 68 of the textbook).

What method of revenge did Troekurov choose?

What was the main law of Kirila Petrovich?

It is important that the students, answering this question, find the most expressive phrase that characterizes Troyekurov: “This is the strength to take away the property without any right”.

How did Shabashkin act on behalf of Troekurov?

Let's conclude that for the assessor, the judge's assistant, who was the representative of the law, money became the main law of life.

Chapter II

The officials of the district court greeted Dubrovsky and Troekurov differently. Nobody paid attention to Dubrovsky. When Kirila Petrovich arrived, the scribes “got up and put their feathers behind their ear. The members greeted him with an expression of profound servility, moved him a chair out of respect for his rank, age and stoutness. "

The picture of the court evokes a feeling of annoyance, pity for Dubrovsky, indignation against Troyekurov's triumph and protest against the servility and servility of the judges. Pushkin emphasizes the unnaturalness of this trial with such details: the assessor turns to Troyekurov with a low bow, and Dubrovsky is simply presented with paper; Troekurov sits in an armchair while Dubrovsky is leaning against the wall.

"Dubrovsky's sudden madness had a strong effect" on Troyekurov's imagination and "poisoned his triumph", because he failed to see how Dubrovsky humiliated himself. He went mad, but his pride and honor were not broken.

I. Father and son

Commented reading

Vladimir Dubrovsky led a life in St. Petersburg, in his opinion, a decent life for a Guards officer. His father sent him money, leaving almost nothing for himself, and Dubrovsky, a wasteful and ambitious young man, "indulged in luxurious whims, played cards and went into debt, not caring about the future." He hoped for his father and that he could find himself a rich bride.

Dubrovsky received the news of his father's illness "with extraordinary excitement." He was horrified by the position of his father, and he "reproached himself with criminal negligence." The character of Dubrovsky showed love for his family and a willingness to come to the aid of his father.

The dialogue between Vladimir Dubrovsky and the coachman Anton can be read by roles.

The courtyards and peasants did not like and were afraid of Troyekurov. Kucher Anton told Dubrovsky that at Troyekurov “it’s bad for his own people, but strangers will get it, so he will not only remove the skin from them, but also the meat”.

Dubrovsky is a person who has a sense of his own dignity, and such a person will not humiliate the dignity of another. Dubrovsky was fair to his serfs, and they did not want another master.

Reading the description of Pokrovsky and Kistenevka, we ask:

How did Dubrovsky, the eldest, meet his son?

Prepare a retelling of the episode "The Fire in the Dubrovsky Estate".

Individual assignment

Prepare an expressive reading of chapter VIII.

Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt

I. Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt

We are talking about the questions of the textbook for the chapters that were asked to read at home (p. 146-147, part 1).

If chapter III has been read and commented on in the previous lesson, we begin the conversation on the issues with chapter IV. It is important that students master the work with the text, learn to confirm their thoughts with quotations.

How did Troekurov react to the news of taking possession of the estate?

Troekurov was embarrassed: “By nature he was not greedy, the desire for revenge lured him too far, his conscience grumbled. He knew the state of his opponent, an old friend of his youth, and the victory did not please his heart. "

What opposite feelings did Troekurov experience? "Satisfied revenge and lust for power drowned out to some extent the noble feelings, but the latter finally triumphed."

Why was the reconciliation of former friends impossible?

The remorse that Troekurov experienced came too late.

Chapter V

After the death of his father, Vladimir Dubrovsky felt emotional grief. Pushkin writes that Vladimir's face was scary, that he could neither cry nor pray. The author does not directly name those feelings that the young man experienced, but we can assume that he became bitter, that he felt a sense of wounded pride and a desire to avenge his father's death. Christianity orders to forgive their enemies, but Vladimir Dubrovsky did not want to forgive Troekurov and therefore could not pray.

Find and read the episode in which the feelings of Vladimir Dubrovsky are revealed. What technique does the author use to describe the state of the hero?

Pushkin conveys Dubrovsky's feelings with the help of a description of the thicket, where he went after the funeral. Vladimir walked along more often, not making out the road, "... the branches touched and scratched him every minute, his feet were constantly stuck in the swamp, he did not notice anything."

As Dubrovsky did not make out the road in the thicket, so he could not make out his confused feelings: "... thoughts, one more gloomy than the other, were more embarrassed in his soul ... He strongly felt his loneliness."

Find epithets in the passage describing Vladimir in the thicket of the forest. How do they help the reader understand the hero's condition? (From the words: "Finally he reached ..." to "He strongly felt his loneliness.")

How do the judicial officials who have come to "put into possession" of Troyekurov behave? (2nd question of the tutorial.)

Judicial officials, representatives of the law, who came to "put into possession" of Troyekurov, behave defiantly. They allow shameless statements about Dubrovsky, threaten his peasants, because they feel behind their backs the strength and power, backed by Troyekurov's money.

The anger and indignation of the peasants is growing gradually, but the peasants are especially indignant when an official insults Dubrovsky himself, the master and the rightful owner of the estate, and inspires the peasants that their master is Troyekurov. First, a voice from the crowd answers the officials, then a murmur arises in the crowd, it intensifies and turns into terrible screams. The crowd starts to move.

Why does Vladimir Dubrovsky not allow angry peasants to deal with officials? (4th question of the tutorial.)

Vladimir Dubrovsky does not allow angry peasants to deal with officials, because he does not want to become a toy in the hands of a crowd of peasants, does not want to become an accomplice in reprisals and hopes for the tsar's justice.

Chapter VI

Vladimir Dubrovsky came to the decision to burn down the "sad house" after he saw the portrait of his mother in a new way, read her letters to his father, where she talked about her little son, and heard the voices of clerks who demanded one or the other, by their presence and desecrating the bright memory of Dubrovsky's father and mother by his behavior. Let's help schoolchildren see the antithesis in the second paragraph of the chapter: “the world of family happiness” into which Dubrovsky plunged while reading his mother’s letters is contrasted with the reality in which Vladimir Dubrovsky sees the trampled honor of his father and the defiant behavior of clerks.

What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky? (2nd question of the tutorial.)

The peasants joined Dubrovsky, because they were outraged by the fact that they were not going to be commanded and disposed of by natural nobles (whose right to own land and people they considered unshakable), but clerks, people of ignoble origin. Arkhip the blacksmith says: "... has the business been heard, the clerks have decided to own us, the clerks are driving our masters out of the master's yard ..." The insult inflicted on their master was perceived by the peasants as their own insult.

Why does the blacksmith Arkhip kill the clerks, but at the risk of his own life, he saves the cat? (3rd question of the tutorial.)

Question 3 is difficult enough for sixth graders. The blacksmith Arkhip kills the clerks, but at the risk of his life he saves the cat from the roof of the burning barn. He says to children who laugh at the miserable animal: "You are not afraid of God: God's creation is dying, and you are foolishly rejoicing ..." worthy of salvation: in his understanding, they violated the law established by God and the king. Helping Troyekurov to administer an unrighteous judgment, they violated God's commandments: they helped one person to steal property from another, lied and broke the oath, according to which they were obliged to speak the truth.

Let's pay attention to the speech characteristics of Arkhip the blacksmith in his conversation with Egorovna:

“Archipushka,” Yegorovna told him, “save them, the accursed, God will reward you.

How not so, - answered the blacksmith. "

Where have we already heard these words?

Let us conclude that in the scene with the clerks (chapter V), the “voice from the crowd” belonged to a blacksmith.

Consider the illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the estate of Dubrovsky" (p. 93 of the textbook).

Compose an oral story based on this picture.

The illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the Dubrovsky Estate" in the center of the picture depicts a young master Vladimir Andreevich Dubrovsky. He seemed to have just brought a torch to the hay, which flashed brightly; "The flames rose and lit up the whole house." Dubrovsky took off his cap from his head, saying goodbye to his home, and looks at the fire. To his left stands, leaning on his hand, nanny Orina Yegorovna Buzyreva, in a white scarf and an apron, her head down sadly. Behind her we recognize the figures of the serfs Dubrovsky: this is the coachman Anton with black hair and a beard, the fair-haired Grisha, the son of Yegorovna, and behind the figure of Anton is the blacksmith Arkhip, who locked the clerks with a key, but at the risk of his life saved the cat from the roof of a burning shed ...

On the left we see the fire of the fire. Flames are reaching out to Dubrovsky. Horses are standing in the background, above a group of people, sparks from the fire fly towards the black sky.

The whole figure of Dubrovsky expresses pride and a sense of inner dignity. The figures of serfs express a sullen determination to follow their proud master: "... we will die, we will not leave you, we go with you."

II. Commented reading

Chapter vii

Students read chapter VII.

Commenting on the chapter, let's say that Vladimir Dubrovsky was forced to become a robber by the death of his father and lack of livelihood, but the main reason is that, knowing the greed and venality of officials, he lost hope in a fair court decision and did not even hope to find protection from the tsar, therefore that for this they needed money, but Dubrovsky did not have it.

Chapter viii

A student performing an individual assignment reads expressively chapter VIII or the episode "Deforge in the Bear's Room" (from the words: "Outside Kirila Petrovich ...").

What qualities did Deforge show in the bear's room?

What fact made an indelible impression on Marya Kirilovna? How has Marya Kirilovna's attitude towards Deforge changed?

Homework

Prepare an expressive reading of chapters IX-XI. Answer the questions of the textbook for the corresponding chapters (pp. 147-148).

Neighborhood nobility visiting Troekurov. Despotism of the owner, disrespect for the human person. Cowardice, servility, greed of Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn. Composition

I. Neighborhood nobility visiting Troekurov. Despotism of the owner, disrespect for the human person

Chapter IX

We begin the lesson with an expressive reading of Chapter IX. Then we talk about:

How does Spitsyn explain his lateness?

What act does Spitsyn consider to be an act "according to conscience and justice"? What really drove Anton Pafnutich?

How does the host behave during lunch? Pay attention to his dialogue with the police chief.

What qualities does Troekurov show during lunch?

Let's help schoolchildren answer that Troekurov treats his guests rudely and despotically, mocks them, humiliates their human dignity (“We know you; where do you spend money, you live at home a pig, a pig ...”).

“The police chief got cold feet, bowed, smiled, stuttered and said at last:

We will try, your excellency "?

Compare the stories of Spitsyn and Globova. What characteristics does each of them give to Dubrovsky?

Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn in his story says about Dubrovsky: "He is not a small mistake, he will not let anyone down, but he will probably pull off two skins from me."

Anna Savishna Globova does not give a direct characterization of Dubrovsky, but retells the words of the visiting general: “... Dubrovsky attacks not everyone, but famous rich people, but even here he shares with them, and does not rob clean, and no one accuses him of murders. .. "Globova says:" I guessed who his excellency was, there was nothing for me to interpret with him. " But in the words of the landowner, there is some sympathy and respect for the person who exposed the clerk's tricks and thus returned her money.

The author introduces the stories of Spitsyn and Globova into the narrative in order to show the idea that the surrounding landowners have about Dubrovsky, to express the conflicting feelings of people towards the unwilling robber, to more fully present the appearance of the main character to the readers. The author uses the antithesis to show Anton Pafnutich's cowardice and Anna Savishna's dignified behavior.

What did Troekurov say when the police chief read Dubrovsky's signs? Why did Troekurov come to this conclusion?

What qualities did Dubrovsky show during a festive dinner at Pokrovsky? Why did none of the guests guess that Deforge is Dubrovsky?

None of Troekurov's guests guessed that Deforge was Dubrovsky, because no one could even expect that Troekurov's enemy would end up at his home in the role of a French teacher. Dubrovsky did not betray himself in any way. He did not react to stories about himself and spoke only with Sasha and only in French. Nobody even suspected that he knew Russian.

II. Cowardice, servility, greed of Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn

Chapter X

What did Troekurov do when some of the guests wanted to go home?

How did the character of the evening change after Troekurov left?

Why did Spitsyn decide to spend the night with Deforge? Pupils read chapter X expressively (from the words "I came to the wing ..." to the end).

What qualities of his character does Anton Pafnutich show?

III. Composition

Chapter XI

How did Dubrovsky become Desforges?

We will invite students to briefly answer this question.

Dubrovsky at the post station met a Frenchman who was on his way to Troekurov to serve as a teacher for little Sasha. Dubrovsky offered the Frenchman money so that he gave him all the documents and immediately left for France. The Frenchman agreed. So Dubrovsky became Desforge.

During his stay at Troyekurov's estate, Dubrovsky showed restraint, composure, acting qualities, nobility and the ability to control himself.

Why did A.S. Pushkin violate the sequence of presentation?

Pushkin interrupted the sequence of events to make the reader feel like a guest at a dinner, who listens to talk about Dubrovsky and does not know that he is sitting next to him; so that the reader will experience the same surprise as Anton Pafnutich, who is being robbed of his precious bag. Pushkin wanted to create a secret, an intrigue, and he succeeded.

Homework

Draw up (in writing) a plan of the main events of chapters VIII-XI. Read chapter XII.

Composition. Plot. Romantic love story of Vladimir and Masha

I. Composition. Plot

Ask the student to write on the chalkboard a plan of events drawn up at home for Chapters VIII-XI.

Plan of the main events of chapters VIII-XI

1) The French teacher arrived at Pokrovskoe.

2) A conversation between Kirila Petrovich and a Frenchman.

3) "Noble amusements of the Russian master."

4) Deforge kills the bear.

5) "... The guests began to arrive."

6) Festive lunch at Pokrovskoye.

7) Stories by Spitsyn and Globova.

8) Signs of Dubrovsky.

9) End of the holiday.

10) Anton Pafnutich goes to bed in Dubrovsky's room.

11) Deforzh-Dubrovsky is robbing Spitsyn.

12) The French teacher is waiting for the horses in the caretaker's house.

13) Dubrovsky buys documents from a Frenchman.

14) Dubrovsky with the papers of the Frenchman comes to Troekurov and becomes Sasha's teacher.

15) Morning departure of the robbed Spitsyn.

Working collectively, to the right of the notes with numbers (colored pencil or green pen), we indicate the true course of events.

We have restored the plot of the work.

* Plot - the sequence and connection of events in a work of art.

Pushkin disrupts the temporal sequence of events in order to create mystery, intrigue, and arouse the intense interest of readers.

We read the article of the textbook "Composition" (p. 149-150). Write out the definition of the composition.

* Composition is the construction of a work of art, the location and interconnection of all its parts, images, episodes.

II. Romantic love story of Vladimir and Masha

Why did Dubrovsky look for opportunities to settle in Troekurov's house and abandon plans for revenge?

Remember how Masha first treated Deforge. Why?

What event caused her to change her attitude towards the teacher?

How did she feel when she received the note from Desforges?

How did Masha think about her behavior on a date? Did she manage to behave the way she wanted?

Find the words of Dubrovsky explaining the refusal to take revenge.

Conversation

We are talking about the questions of the textbook for the chapters that were asked to read at home (p. 146-147, part 1).

How did Troekurov react to the news of taking possession of the estate?

What opposite feelings did Troekurov experience? "Satisfied revenge and lust for power drowned out to some extent the noble feelings, but the latter finally triumphed."

Why was the reconciliation of former friends impossible?

The remorse that Troekurov experienced came too late.

Chapter V

Find and read the episode in which the feelings of Vladimir Dubrovsky are revealed. What technique does the author use to describe the state of the hero?

In the passage describing Vladimir in the thicket of the forest, find epithets. How do they help the reader understand the hero's condition? (From the words: "Finally he reached ..." to "He strongly felt his loneliness.")

How do the judicial officials who have come to "put into possession" of Troyekurov behave? (2nd question of the tutorial.)

Why does Vladimir Dubrovsky not allow angry peasants to deal with officials? (4th question of the tutorial.)

Chapter VI

What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky? (2nd question of the tutorial.)

Why does the blacksmith Arkhip kill the clerks, but at the risk of his own life, he saves the cat? (3rd question of the tutorial.)

Let's pay attention to the speech characteristics of Arkhip the blacksmith in his conversation with Egorovna:

“Archipushka,” Yegorovna told him, “save them, the accursed, God will reward you.

How not so, - answered the blacksmith. "

Where have we already heard these words?

Let us conclude that in the scene with the clerks (chapter V), the “voice from the crowd” belonged to a blacksmith.

Consider the illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the estate of Dubrovsky" (p. 93 of the textbook).

- Compose an oral story based on this picture.

On the left we see the fire of the fire. Flames are reaching out to Dubrovsky. Horses are standing in the background, above a group of people, sparks from the fire fly towards the black sky.

A.S. Pushkin is the greatest, brilliant Russian poet and playwright. In many of his works, the problem of the existence of serfdom is traced. The issue of the relationship between landowners and peasants has always been controversial and caused many controversies in the works of many authors, including Pushkin. So, in the novel "Dubrovsky" the representatives of the Russian nobility are described by Pushkin vividly and clearly. A particularly prominent example is Kirila Petrovich Troekurov.

Kirila Petrovich Troekurov can be safely attributed to the image of a typical old Russian master. He is a retired general-in-chief and the first hero we meet on the pages of the novel. This hero is a rich, noble, influential person with a lot of connections in the provinces. As the author writes, from an early age Troyekurov was spoiled by "everything that only surrounded him" and indulged in impulses of willfulness. The neighbors around him are flatterers and saints who follow any whims and are ready to endure Troekurov's "wild amusements".

When Pushkin describes Troyekurov as a serf landowner - a rich man, he emphasizes unlimited power over man. Despite the strict and capricious treatment of peasants and servants, Troekurov's servants were proud of him for his wealth and power.

Troekurov is a person who loves to have fun. Almost all of his days are spent in search of entertainment, traveling to estates, celebrations and feasts.

Kirila Petrovich does not deny himself anything, everything is permissible for him. He has no sense of proportion even in food.

This hero often commits rash, hasty actions in a fit of feelings, the result of which can be unexpected and unpleasant, causing rejection and hostility.

Troyekurov's amusements for a sane person will seem far from reasonable and adequate. For many guests, a meeting with a bear becomes a terrifying and cruel torture. Troyekurov, watching how a frightened and exhausted from horror man goes mad when he meets a bear one on one, experiences extraordinary pleasure.

All those around him felt fear of Troyekurov not only because of his power, but also the arrogant character corresponding to it. Only to one person did Troekurov show a sense of respect. It was a retired guard lieutenant, comrade in service and neighbor Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. Dubrovsky was distinguished by his "humble state", decisiveness and impatience. In a sense, these two heroes were similar in character, and this is due to the fact that they were the same age, equally brought up in the same class. Their fates were also similar: both of them married for love, and both soon became widowers. The people around were at a loss and envied their friendship and harmony, but chance, misunderstanding and unwillingness to make concessions to each of the heroes destroyed not only their friendship, but also their lives.

Kirila Petrovich owned the best kennel in the area. He was proud of this and was ready to boast to the guest at an opportunity. Dubrovsky, once, being a guest at Troekurov's, noticed that it is unlikely that Troekurov's people live the same way as his dogs. To which one of Troekurov's servants said: "... it would not be bad for another and a nobleman to exchange the estate for any local kennel", pointing to Dubrovsky and his modest wealth. It was here that the quarrel began. Troekurov wished, in response to the friend's defense of his dignity, to show his strength by taking away the Dubrovsky estate. Taking advantage of his many connections, influence, power and dishonest ways, Troyekurov embodied this idea, leaving his only true friend on the street.

The peasants of the village of Kistenyovka, which belonged to Dubrovsky, stubbornly did not want to go into the possession of Troekurov. Pushkin points out that the Kistenev peasants never stood out for their benevolent attitude towards Troyekurov because of his cruel treatment even with his peasants. What can we say about strangers.

For example, he was not a self-serving person, and what he did in a fit of revenge awakened his conscience. Troekurov did not consider the case with his former friend a victorious one, since he knew what state Dubrovsky could be in. These conscientious feelings directed him to the idea of reconciliation. The hero followed her, but it was too late. Hatred, indignation and disappointment already lived in Dubrovsky's heart, which severely hit Dubrovsky's unhealthy state. This caused the death of the only person respected by Troyekurov.

In relations with his daughter, the author describes Troekurov's character no less vividly. Simultaneously with warm feelings for his daughter, Kirila Petrovich is also self-willed, sometimes cruel and stern. Therefore, there is no mutual trust between daughter Masha and father. To replace live communication with her father, Masha comes reading novels. Troyekurov shows indifference, coldness, and insensibility to the tears and pleas of his daughter not to marry her to an unloved old man, a rich man. He is unshakable in his decision. For Troekurov, money is the most important value and goal of life, rather than the happiness of his daughter.

Troekurov - a feudal despot and wayward tyrant - a classic example of the Russian nobility. Pushkin, showing his negative character traits, describes a negative attitude not towards all landowners, but towards cruel, despotic, limited tyrants-power-hungry.

Troyekurov Pushkin opposes another hero of the work - the son of A.G. Dubrovsky - Vladimir. He is a passionate nature, impetuous, carried away, decisive. This is a person who fights against landowners who abuse their power, position and influence.

Despite the fact that the novel takes place in the 1820s, this work is vital, vital and modern.

The ambiguous and even somewhat scandalous story "Dubrovsky" was written by A. Pushkin in 1833. By that time, the author had already matured, lived in a secular society, became disillusioned with it and the existing state order. Many of his works, related to that time, were under censorship. And so Pushkin writes about a certain "Dubrovsky", a young, but already experienced, disappointed, but not broken by everyday "storms", a 23-year-old man. There is no sense in retelling the plot - I read it and [...]
Troekurov Dubrovsky Quality of characters Negative hero Main positive hero Character Spoiled, selfish, licentious. Noble, generous, determined. Has a hot temper. A person who knows how to love not for money, but for the beauty of the soul. Occupation A wealthy nobleman, spends his time in gluttony, drunkenness, leads a dissolute life. Humiliation of the weak brings him great pleasure. Has a good education, served as a cornet in the guard. After […]
We learn about Anton Pafnutich Spitsyn closer to the middle of the story. He comes to Troyekurov's temple holiday and, I must say, does not make the most favorable impression. Before us is a "fat man of about fifty" with a round and pockmarked face with a triple chin. Obsequiously, with a sycophantic smile "burst into the dining room", apologizing and bowing. Here at the table we learn that he is not distinguished by courage. Spitsyn is afraid of the robbers, who have already burned down his barn and are approaching the estate. Fear [...]
The romantic "noble" robber is an image that is well known in world literary practice. As a rule, they were outcast members of the nobility, treacherously deceived by friends or offended by the corrupt law. Pushkin's hero Vladimir Dubrovsky is one of such "noble" knights of the night. But he did not immediately become a robber. The reader knows that this young man was educated in the Cadet Corps, then served in the guards regiment of the city on the Neva. How typical [...]
The novel "Dubrovsky" by Pushkin was based on a case that was very characteristic of the relationship between the landowners that existed at that time. The more influential the landowner was, the more he was able to oppress his weaker, poorer neighbor, not to mention taking away his property. Alexander Sergeevich was very concerned about the believability of his novel. All the characters in the novel "Dubrovsky" are divided as if into social classes, each with its own characteristics. For example, the landowner Troekurov at first [...]
Spiritual beauty, sensuality, naturalness, simplicity, the ability to sympathize and love - these are the qualities of A.S. Pushkin endowed the heroine of his novel "Eugene Onegin", Tatiana Larina. A simple, outwardly unremarkable girl, but with a rich inner world, who grew up in a remote village, reads love stories, loves the nanny's scary stories and believes in legends. Her beauty is inside, she is deep and bright. The appearance of the heroine is compared with the beauty of her sister, Olga, but the latter, although beautiful on the outside, is not [...]
In literature class we studied the poem by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Ruslan and Lyudmila". This is an interesting work about the brave knight Ruslan and his beloved Lyudmila. At the beginning of the work, the evil sorcerer Chernomor kidnapped Lyudmila right from the wedding. Lyudmila's father Prince Vladimir ordered everyone to find his daughter and promised the savior of half a kingdom. And only Ruslan went to look for his bride because he loved her very much. There are many fairy-tale characters in the poem: Chernomor, the witch Naina, the wizard Finn, the talking head. And the poem begins [...]
Masha Mironova is the daughter of the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress. This is an ordinary Russian girl, "chubby, ruddy, with light blond hair." By nature, she was cowardly: she was afraid even of a rifle shot. Masha lived rather isolated, lonely; there were no suitors in their village. Her mother, Vasilisa Yegorovna, said about her: "Masha, a girl of marriageable age, and what kind of dowry does she have?" yourself in the girls everlasting [...]
The original intention of Pushkin in relation to the novel "Eugene Onegin" was to create a comedy similar to "Woe from Wit" by Griboyedov. In the poet's letters, you can find sketches for a comedy in which the main character was portrayed as a satirical character. In the course of work on the novel, which lasted more than seven years, the author's ideas changed significantly, as did his worldview as a whole. By its genre nature, the novel is very complex and original. This is a "novel in verse". Works of this genre are also found in others [...]
Eugene Onegin Vladimir Lensky Age of the hero More mature, at the beginning of the novel in verse and during his acquaintance and duel with Lensky he is 26 years old. Lensky is young, he is not yet 18 years old. Upbringing and education Received a home education, which was typical for the majority of noblemen in Russia. The educators "did not bother with strict morality", "they scolded a little for pranks," or, more simply, they spoiled the little man. He studied at the University of Göttingen in Germany, the birthplace of romanticism. In his intellectual baggage [...]
At the heart of Pushkin's story "The Queen of Spades" is a real incident that happened to Prince Golitsyn. He lost at cards and came to ask for money from Natalya Petrovna Golitsyna's grandmother. She did not give money, but told a magical secret that helped Golitsyn to recoup. From this boastful story told by a friend, Pushkin created a story with deep ethical meaning. The main face of the story is Hermann. In the story, he is compared with the whole of society. He is calculating, ambitious and reckless. This is definitely [...]
This traditional theme worried such poets as Horace, Byron, Zhukovsky, Derzhavin and others. The best achievements of world and Russian literature were used in his poetry by A.S. Pushkin. This was most clearly manifested in the theme of the destiny of the poet and poetry. This question is raised in the first published poem "To a friend the poet" (1814). The poet speaks of the sorrows that fall to the lot of poets, whom ... everyone praises, feeds - only magazines; The wheel rolls past their Fortune ... Their life is a series [...]
Themes and problems (Mozart and Salieri). "Little Tragedies" is a cycle of P-n's plays, which includes four tragedies: "The Covetous Knight", "Mozart and Salieri", "The Stone Guest", "A Feast in Time of Plague". All these works were written during the autumn of Boldin (1830 This text is for private use only - 2005). "Little tragedies" is not Pushkin's name, it arose during the publication and was based on P-on's phrase, where the phrase "little tragedies" was used in the literal sense. Author's titles [...]
Introduction Love lyrics occupy one of the main places in the work of poets, but the degree of its study is not great. There are no monographic works on this topic; it is partially revealed in the works of V. Sakharov, Yu.N. Tynyanova, D.E. Maksimova, they speak of her as a necessary component of creativity. Some authors (D.D. Blagoy and others) compare the love theme in the work of several poets at once, describing some common features. A. Lukyanov examines the theme of love in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin through the prism [...]
For Pushkin, the feeling of friendship is a tremendous value, for which only love, creativity and inner freedom are equal. The theme of friendship runs through all the poet's work, from the lyceum period to the end of his life. As a lyceum student, Pushkin writes about friendship in the light of the "light poetry" of the French poet Parny. The poet's friendly lyceum lyrics are largely imitative and opposed to classicism. In the poem "To the Students" a merry feast is poeticized, wine and the joy of a friendly, carefree [...]
The theme of the poet and poetry worries all poets, since a person needs to understand who he is, what place he occupies in society, what is his purpose. Therefore, in the work of A.S. Pushkin and M.Yu. Lermontov, this topic is one of the leading. In order to consider the images of the poet in the two great Russian classics, one must first find out how they define the purpose of their work. Pushkin writes in his poem "The Song of the Prophetic Oleg": The Magi are not afraid of mighty rulers, And they do not need a princely gift; Truthful and [...]
A.S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov are outstanding poets of the first half of the 19th century. The main type of creativity for both poets is lyrics. In their poems, each of them described many topics, for example, the theme of love of freedom, the theme of the Motherland, nature, love and friendship, poet and poetry. All of Pushkin's poems are filled with optimism, faith in the existence of beauty on earth, bright colors in the depiction of nature, and Mikhail Yuryevich has the theme of loneliness everywhere. Lermontov's hero is lonely, he is trying to find something in a foreign land. What […]
Writing about Pushkin is a fascinating experience. This name in Russian literature has overgrown with many cultural layers (take at least the literary anecdotes of Daniil Kharms or the film by animation director Andrei Yuryevich Khrzhanovsky "Trilogy" based on drawings by Pushkin, or the opera "The Queen of Spades" by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky). However, our task is more modest, but no less interesting: to characterize the theme of the poet and poetry in his work. The place of the poet in modern life is much less significant than in the nineteenth century. Poetry is [...]
Pushkin's landscape lyrics are rich and varied. She occupies an important place in the poet's work. Pushkin saw nature with his soul, enjoyed its eternal beauty and wisdom, drew inspiration and strength from it. He was one of the first Russian poets who opened the beauty of nature to readers and taught them to admire it. In merging with natural wisdom, Pushkin saw the harmony of the world. It is no coincidence that the poet's landscape lyrics are imbued with philosophical moods and reflections, one can trace its evolution throughout his creative activity [...]
After going through many works of A.S. Pushkin, I accidentally stumbled upon the poem "God forbid me to go crazy ...", and I was immediately attracted by a bright and emotional beginning, attracting the attention of the reader. In this poem, seemingly simple and clear and understandable, like many other creations of the great classic, one can easily see the experiences of the creator, the true, free-minded poet - the experiences and dreams of freedom. And at the time of writing this poem, freedom of thought and speech was severely punished [...]

I. Vladimir Dubrovsky's protest against lawlessness and injustice. Peasant revolt
Conversation
We are talking about the textbook for the chapters that were asked to read at home (p., Part 1).
If chapter III has been read and commented on in the previous lesson, we begin the conversation on the issues with chapter IV. It is important that students master the work with the text, learn to confirm their thoughts with quotations.
- How did Troekurov react to the news of taking possession of the estate?
Troekurov was embarrassed: “By nature he was not greedy, the desire for revenge lured him too far, his conscience grumbled. He knew the state of his opponent, an old friend of his youth, and the victory did not please his heart. "

- What opposite feelings did Troekurov experience?"Satisfied revenge and lust for power drowned out to some extent the noble feelings, but the latter finally triumphed."
- Why was the reconciliation of former friends impossible?
The remorse that Troekurov experienced came too late.

Chapter V
After the death of his father, Vladimir Dubrovsky felt emotional grief. Pushkin writes that Vladimir's face was scary, that he could neither cry nor pray. The author does not directly name those feelings that the young man experienced, but we can assume that he became bitter, that he felt a sense of wounded pride and a desire to avenge his father's death. Christianity orders to forgive their enemies, but Vladimir Dubrovsky did not want to forgive Troekurov and therefore could not pray.
- Find and read the episode in which the feelings of Vladimir Dubrovsky are revealed. What technique does the author use to describe the state of the hero?
Pushkin conveys Dubrovsky's feelings with the help of a description of the thicket, where he went after the funeral. Vladimir walked along more often, not making out the road, "... the branches touched and scratched him every minute, his feet were constantly stuck in the swamp, he did not notice anything."
As Dubrovsky did not make out the road in the thicket, so he could not make out his confused feelings: "... thoughts, one more gloomy than the other, were more embarrassed in his soul ... He strongly felt his loneliness."
- In the passage describing Vladimir in the thicket of the forest, find epithets. How do they help the reader understand the hero's condition?(From the words: "Finally he reached ..." to "He strongly felt his loneliness.")
- How do the referee officials who came to "put into possession" of Troyekurov behave?(2nd question of the tutorial.)
Judicial officials, representatives of the law, who came to "put into possession" of Troyekurov, behave defiantly. They allow shameless statements about Dubrovsky, threaten his peasants, because they feel behind their backs the strength and power, backed by Troyekurov's money.
The anger and indignation of the peasants is growing gradually, but the peasants are especially indignant when an official insults Dubrovsky himself, the master and the rightful owner of the estate, and inspires the peasants that their master is Troyekurov. First, a voice from the crowd answers the officials, then a murmur arises in the crowd, it intensifies and turns into terrible screams. The crowd starts to move.
- Find and read the reply of the “voice from the crowd”, the answer to it of the police chief and the objection of the same voice. Why was the police chief so indignant at the words of the peasant?
- Why does Vladimir Dubrovsky not allow angry peasants to deal with officials?(4th question of the tutorial.)
Vladimir Dubrovsky does not allow angry peasants to deal with officials, because he does not want to become a toy in the hands of a crowd of peasants, does not want to become an accomplice in reprisals and hopes for the tsar's justice.

Chapter VI
Vladimir Dubrovsky came to the decision to burn down the "sad house" after he saw the portrait of his mother in a new way, read her letters to his father, where she talked about her little son, and heard the voices of clerks who demanded one or the other, by their presence and desecrating the bright memory of Dubrovsky's father and mother by his behavior. Let's help schoolchildren see the antithesis in the second paragraph of the chapter: “the world of family happiness” into which Dubrovsky plunged while reading his mother’s letters is contrasted with the reality in which Vladimir Dubrovsky sees the trampled honor of his father and the defiant behavior of clerks.
- What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky?(2nd question of the tutorial.)
The peasants joined Dubrovsky, because they were outraged by the fact that they were not going to be commanded and disposed of by natural nobles (whose right to own land and people they considered unshakable), but clerks, people of ignoble origin. Arkhip the blacksmith says: "... has the business been heard, the clerks have decided to own us, the clerks are driving our masters out of the master's yard ..." The insult inflicted on their master was perceived by the peasants as their own insult.
- Why does the blacksmith Arkhip destroy the clerks, but at the risk of his own life, he saves the cat?(3rd question of the tutorial.)
The 3rd question is quite difficult. The blacksmith Arkhip kills the clerks, but at the risk of his life he saves the cat from the roof of the burning barn. He says to children who laugh at the miserable animal: "You are not afraid of God: God's creation is dying, and you are foolishly rejoicing ..." worthy of salvation: in his understanding, they violated the law established by God and the king. Helping Troyekurov to administer an unrighteous judgment, they violated God's commandments: they helped one person to steal property from another, lied and broke the oath, according to which they were obliged to speak the truth.
Let's pay attention to the speech characteristics of Arkhip the blacksmith in his conversation with Egorovna:
“Archipushka,” Yegorovna told him, “save them, the accursed, God will reward you.
- How not so, - answered the blacksmith.
- Where have we heard these words?
Let us conclude that in the scene with the clerks (chapter V), the “voice from the crowd” belonged to a blacksmith.
Consider the illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the estate of Dubrovsky" (p. 93 of the textbook).
— Compose an oral story based on this picture.
The illustration by D. A. Shmarinov "Fire in the Dubrovsky Estate" in the center of the picture depicts a young master Vladimir Andreevich Dubrovsky. He seemed to have just brought a torch to the hay, which flashed brightly; "The flames rose and lit up the whole house." Dubrovsky took off his cap from his head, saying goodbye to his home, and looks at the fire. To his left stands, leaning on his hand, nanny Orina Yegorovna Buzyreva, in a white scarf and an apron, her head down sadly. Behind her we recognize the figures of the serfs Dubrovsky: this is the coachman Anton with black hair and a beard, the fair-haired Grisha, the son of Yegorovna, and behind the figure of Anton is the blacksmith Arkhip, who locked the clerks with a key, but at the risk of his life saved the cat from the roof of a burning shed ...
On the left we see the fire of the fire. Flames are reaching out to Dubrovsky. Horses are standing in the background, above a group of people, sparks from the fire fly towards the black sky.
The whole figure of Dubrovsky expresses pride and a sense of inner dignity. The figures of serfs express a sullen determination to follow their proud master: "... we will die, we will not leave you, we go with you."