The people in Gogol's poem "Dead Souls"

Russia in the times of Gogol was ruled by landowners and officials like the heroes of Dead Souls. It is clear in what position the people, the serf peasantry, should have been.
Following Chichikov on his journey from one landlord's estate to another, we observe a bleak picture of the life of the serf peasantry: their lot is poverty, disease, hunger, terrible mortality. The landlords treat the peasants as their slaves: they sell them one by one, without families; dispose of them as things. “Perhaps I'll give you a girl,” says Korobochka to Chichikov, “she knows the way with me, just look! Don't bring it, the merchants have already brought one to me ”.
In the seventh chapter, Chichikov reflects on the list of peasants he bought. And before us a picture of the life and overwork of the people, their patience and courage, violent outbursts of protest is revealed. Especially attractive are the images of Stepan Cork, endowed with heroic strength, a wonderful carpenter-builder, and Uncle Mikhei, who meekly replaced the dead Stepan in his dangerous work.
In the soul of the enslaved peasantry there is a striving for freedom. When the peasants are no longer able to endure serf bondage, they run away from the landlords. However, flight did not always lead to freedom. Gogol tells the ordinary life of a fugitive: life without a passport, without a job, almost always arrest, prison. But the courtyard Plyushkina Popov still preferred life in prisons to returning under the yoke of his master. Abakum Fyrov, fleeing serf bondage, went to the barge haulers.
Gogol also talks about cases of mass indignation. ‘The episode of the murder of assessor Drobyazhkin shows the struggle of the serf peasantry against their oppressors.
The great writer-realist, Gogol figuratively speaks of the downtroddenness of the people: "The captain-police officer, although he himself did not go, but only one cap went to their place, this cap alone will drive the peasants to their place of residence."
In a country where the peasants were ruled by cruel and ignorant boxes, nozdryovs and sobachevichs, it was not surprising to meet stupid uncle Mityai and uncle Minay, and the courtyard Pelageya, who did not know where the right and where the left were.
But Gogol sees at the same time the mighty force of the people, crushed, but not killed by serfdom. It manifests itself in the talent of Mikheev, Stepan Probka, Milushkin, in the hard work and energy of the Russian man, in his ability not to lose heart under any circumstances. “A Russian person is capable of anything and gets used to any climate. Send him even to Kamchatka, but give him only warm mittens, he will pat his hands, an ax in his hands, and went to chop a new hut for himself, ”officials say, discussing the resettlement of Chichikov's peasants to the Kherson province. Gogol also speaks of the high qualities of the Russian man in his remarks about the "lively people", about the "smart Yaroslavl peasant", about the remarkable ability of the Russian people to accurately describe a person in one word.
So, depicting feudal-serf Russia, Gogol showed not only landlord-bureaucratic Russia, but also people's Russia, with its staunch and freedom-loving people. He expressed his faith in the living, creative forces of the working masses. A vivid image of the Russian people is given by the writer in his famous assimilation of Russia to the "bird-three", personifying the essence of the national Russian character.

In Gogol's poem “ Dead Souls”The theme of the people is one of the leading places. In the days of Gogol, Russia was ruled by landowners and officials, “obsequious slaves of the authorities and ruthless tyrants of their slaves, drinking the life and blood of the people” (according to Herzen's apt definition).

The author shows a bleak picture of the life of the serf peasantry. The landlords ruthlessly exploit them, treat them like their slaves, can to acquire and sell them like things. "Dubin-headed" Box, afraid to sell too cheap dead souls, complains to the guest: “… I have never before sold the dead. I conceded alive, so the third year of the Archpriest two girls, one hundred rubles each ... ”. The peasants are obliged to fulfill all the whims of their masters. Before going to bed, Korobochka asks Chichikov: “Perhaps, my father, you are used to someone scratching their heels at night? My deceased did not fall asleep without it. ”

“The breadth of nature” of Nozdryov has a destructive response, first of all, to the serfs. Their labor is devalued. Everything that was grown by the labor and sweat of the peasants and sold at the fair "at the best price", the landowner let down in a few days. He proudly says about this to Chichikov: "Congratulations: blown out!"

A terrifying picture of the life and overwork of the people, their patience and courage, outbreaks of protest, is presented by the author during Chichikov's reflection on the list of dead souls he acquired. Reading the names of the peasants, the hero, sighing, said: “My dears, how many of you are crammed here! What have you, my dear ones, done in your lifetime? How did you interrupt? " Attention is drawn to the image of the carpenter Stepan Probka, endowed with heroic strength, who probably went to all provinces with an ax in his belt. No less interesting is the image of Maxim Telyatnikov, a shoemaker who studied with a German and was unable to organize his own business. Apparently, he was drunk, lying drunk on the street, saying: “No, it's bad in the world! There is no living for the Russian people, all the Germans interfere ”. Grigory Doezzhay-not enough to go hunted for a cab, renounced his home and gave his soul to God somewhere on the road.

Russia in the times of Gogol was ruled by landowners and officials like the heroes of Dead Souls. It is clear in what position the people, the serf peasantry, should have been.

Following Chichikov on his journey from one landlord's estate to another, we observe a bleak picture of the life of the serf peasantry: their lot is poverty, disease, hunger, terrible mortality. The landlords treat the peasants as their slaves: they sell them one by one, without families; dispose of them as things. “Perhaps I'll give you a girl,” says Korobochka to Chichikov, “she knows the way with me, just look! Don't bring it, the merchants have already brought one to me ”.

In the seventh chapter, Chichikov reflects on the list of peasants he bought. And before us a picture of the life and overwork of the people, their patience and courage, violent outbursts of protest is revealed. Especially attractive are the images of Stepan Cork, endowed with heroic strength, a wonderful carpenter-builder, and Uncle Mikhei, who meekly replaced the dead Stepan in his dangerous work.

In the soul of the enslaved peasantry there is a striving for freedom. When the peasants are no longer able to endure serf bondage, they run away from the landlords. However, flight did not always lead to freedom. Gogol tells the ordinary life of a fugitive: life without a passport, without a job, almost always arrest, prison. But the courtyard Plyushkina Popov still preferred life in prisons to returning under the yoke of his master. Abakum Fyrov, fleeing serf bondage, went to the barge haulers.

Gogol also talks about cases of mass indignation. In the episode of the murder of the assessor Drobyazhkin, the struggle of the serf peasantry against their oppressors is shown.

The great writer-realist, Gogol figuratively speaks of the downtroddenness of the people: "The captain-police officer, although he himself did not go, but only one cap went to their place, this cap alone will drive the peasants to their place of residence."

In a country where the peasants were ruled by cruel and ignorant boxes, nozdryovs and sobachevichs, it was not surprising to meet stupid uncle Mityai and uncle Minay, and the courtyard Pelageya, who did not know where the right and where the left were.

But Gogol sees at the same time the mighty force of the people, crushed, but not killed by serfdom. It manifests itself in the talent of Mikheev, Stepan Probka, Milushkin, in the hard work and energy of the Russian man, in his ability not to lose heart under any circumstances. “A Russian person is capable of anything and gets used to any climate. Send him even to Kamchatka, but give him only warm mittens, he will pat his hands, an ax in his hands, and went to chop a new hut for himself, ”officials say, discussing the resettlement of Chichikov's peasants to the Kherson province. Gogol also speaks of the high qualities of the Russian man in his remarks about the "lively people", about the "smart Yaroslavl peasant", about the remarkable ability of the Russian people to accurately describe a person in one word.

So, depicting feudal-serf Russia, Gogol showed not only landlord-bureaucratic Russia, but also people's Russia, with its staunch and freedom-loving people. He expressed his faith in the living, creative forces of the working masses. A vivid image of the Russian people is given by the writer in his famous assimilation of Russia to the "bird-three", personifying the essence of the national Russian character.

The image of the people in the poem "Dead Souls". The poem "The dead in the work of N. V. Gogol occupies a special place. Gogol's global plan is to show the whole of Russia in a section, all its vices and shortcomings. Most of the population of Russia at that time were peasants. In the poem, their world is described very figuratively.

In my opinion, it is divided into several components. Each landowner always has a peasant world that belongs to him and characterizes him.

The peasants themselves are not described, but we can judge them by their dwellings. In Manilov, for example, "the gray log huts were dark up and down."

Korobochka already had other huts, "which, although they were scattered, but, according to the remark made by Chichikov, showed the contentment of the inhabitants." Sobakevich's peasant lands are not surprising - we see them as we expected to see them - "poorly cut, but tightly sewn." The huts of Plyushkin's peasants, like himself, are shown to be old, dilapidated, practically unnecessary. In addition to the peasants' worlds, there are, in my opinion, other worlds. The first is the allegorical world of peasants who have died or fled from their landowners, which is very different from all the others, which is mentioned only occasionally.

Also, on the pages of the poem, we feel the presence of another - the so-called "central world of peasants, presented in specific situations. The strangest and most incomprehensible, probably, is for us the world of dead or fled peasants. Its inhabitants are, as it were, opposed to the population of the world of" living ".

With the help of this technique, Gogol manages to emphasize the poverty of the morals of the protagonists. After Sobakevich's excessively boastful speech, describing his dead peasants, he himself, cunning and selfish, descends in our eyes to several levels at once. But the peasants - the property of the landowner, skillful, spiritually rich people were forced to meekly obey a person with the life principles of a philistine.

The following reminders of this world show us from a completely different perspective. It appears to us as the "world of the living" who have departed from the "world of the dead". The so-called central world requires special attention. It imperceptibly merges into the narrative at the very beginning of the poem, but its storyline does not often touch it. At first, it is almost invisible, but then, along with the development of the plot, a description of this world is revealed.

At the end of the first volume, the description turns into a hymn to all of Russia. Gogol figuratively compares Russia "with a brisk and unattainable troika" rushing forward. Throughout the entire story, the writer praises the peasants, who make up the main, most active and useful part of this world, due to the contrast with the deliberately humiliated landowners, officials, and employees. The description of this world begins with a conversation between two skilled peasants, discussing the technical capabilities of the crew entering the city of NN. On the one hand, their conversation smacks of idleness, one feels its incompleteness, uselessness.

But, on the other hand, both of them showed a fairly high level of knowledge of the structure and capabilities of the crew. These two characters, in my opinion, are inexpressive and are shown more from the negative side than from the positive. They appear at the very beginning of the work and, as it were, introduce us to the world of the poem. The next colorful representatives of the "central world, shown in the poem, are two peasants who showed Chichikov the way to Manilovka. They know the territory well, but their speech is still lame."

The most colorful character among the peasants, in my opinion, is the one we saw when he was dragging "a thick log E, like a tireless ant, to his hut." He expresses the whole sweeping nature of the Russian person. Gogol emphasizes this, speaking through his lips "aptly spoken Russian word." The most vivid expression of the writer's patriotic feelings in the poem is the discourse on the fate of Russia.

Comparing her "immense expanses with the innumerable spiritual riches of her people, Gogol sings to her a laudatory ode:" Is it here, in you, not to be born of limitless thought, when you yourself endlessly? Shouldn't a hero be here when there is a place where he can turn around and walk?

And the mighty space menacingly embraces me, reflecting with a terrible force in the depths of my soul; unnatural power lit up my eyes: y! What a sparkling, wonderful, unfamiliar distance to the earth! - Russia! "

Russia in the times of Gogol was ruled by landowners and officials like the heroes of Dead Souls. It is clear in what position the people, the serf peasantry, should have been.
Following Chichikov on his journey from one landlord's estate to another, we observe a bleak picture of the life of the serf peasantry: their lot is poverty, disease, hunger, terrible mortality. The landlords treat the peasants as their slaves: they sell them one by one, without families; dispose of them as things. “Perhaps I'll give you a girl,” says Korobochka to Chichikov, “she knows the way with me, just look! Don't bring it, the merchants have already brought one to me ”.
In the seventh chapter, Chichikov reflects on the list of peasants he bought. And before us a picture of the life and overwork of the people, their patience and courage, violent outbursts of protest is revealed. Especially attractive are the images of Stepan Cork, endowed with heroic strength, a wonderful carpenter-builder, and Uncle Mikhei, who meekly replaced the dead Stepan in his dangerous work.
In the soul of the enslaved peasantry there is a striving for freedom. When the peasants are no longer able to endure serf bondage, they run away from the landlords. However, flight did not always lead to freedom. Gogol tells the ordinary life of a fugitive: life without a passport, without a job, almost always arrest, prison. But the courtyard Plyushkina Popov still preferred life in prisons to returning under the yoke of his master. Abakum Fyrov, fleeing serf bondage, went to the barge haulers.
Gogol also talks about cases of mass indignation. In the episode of the murder of the assessor Drobyazhkin, the struggle of the serf peasantry against their oppressors is shown.
The great writer-realist, Gogol figuratively speaks of the downtroddenness of the people: "The captain-police officer, although he himself did not go, but only one cap went to their place, this cap alone will drive the peasants to their place of residence."
In a country where the peasants were ruled by cruel and ignorant boxes, nozdryovs and sobachevichs, it was not surprising to meet stupid uncle Mityai and uncle Minay, and the courtyard Pelageya, who did not know where the right and where the left were.
But Gogol sees at the same time the mighty force of the people, crushed, but not killed by serfdom. It manifests itself in the talent of Mikheev, Stepan Probka, Milushkin, in the hard work and energy of the Russian man, in his ability not to lose heart under any circumstances. “A Russian person is capable of anything and gets used to any climate. Send him even to Kamchatka, but give him only warm mittens, he will pat his hands, an ax in his hands, and went to chop a new hut for himself, ”officials say, discussing the resettlement of Chichikov's peasants to the Kherson province. Gogol also speaks of the high qualities of the Russian man in his remarks about the "lively people", about the "smart Yaroslavl peasant", about the remarkable ability of the Russian people to accurately describe a person in one word.
So, depicting feudal-serf Russia, Gogol showed not only landlord-bureaucratic Russia, but also people's Russia, with its staunch and freedom-loving people. He expressed his faith in the living, creative forces of the working masses. A vivid image of the Russian people is given by the writer in his famous assimilation of Russia to the "bird-three", personifying the essence of the national Russian character.