If you are not a frequenter of book sites and festivals, it may seem that nothing better than Nosov, Rybakov and Bulychev has been invented for children. Meanwhile, children's literature in Russia is developing well. New books, contests and authors appear every day. Journalist Lisa Birger has selected 10 contemporary writers whose books can be safely placed on the bookshelf in the nursery.

SERGEY SEDOV

Sergei Sedov is one of those writers who fascinate at a personal meeting no less than at a meeting with his texts - such a real modern storyteller, a person not tied to space and time, a former teacher and a Moscow janitor, whose fairy tales we began to read back in the 80s. x. One cannot count how many times these tales - about the boy Lesha, about the frog Pipa, about kings, about fools - have been forgotten and published over the past thirty years, and still they sound startlingly new. Sedov has a wonderful manner of light writing, it seems that everything he touches turns into an exciting game, which is impossible not to join. But the main thing in Sedov is the endless freedom of his imagination, completely childish in his spirit, his trademark oddity, thanks to which he can allow his heroes to make amazing transformations into a vacuum cleaner and a balloon, and in his fairy tales about mothers he allows himself to show his drunken mother and indifferent mother ... All of these are manifestations of the same touching concern, but in different ways. There was a time when Sedov was published a little more and better, but now, unfortunately, it is not easy to find either his horror stories or the remarkably funny retelling of the ancient Greek myths “Hercules. 12 great deeds. An eyewitness story ", or even his New Year's fairy tale" How Santa Claus was born ", written in collaboration with Marina Moskvina. Nevertheless, "Tales of Lyosha" is always on sale - Sedov is classic in all respects, causing the same delight of parents and children.

MARIA BERSHADSKAYA

VGIK graduate and screenwriter Maria Bershadskaya, who, among other things, worked on Sesame Street, invented and wrote, probably, the best children's TV series in modern Russian literature, a series of books “Big Little Girl”. Her heroine Zhenya is not for her years tall (so tall that her mother has to stand on a stool to braid her pigtails), a seven-year-old girl who, despite her tall stature, remains a small child inside. And each situation from Zhenya's life is a separate story of growing up and inner growth, whether it be a story about the death of a loved one, about a school romance, about holidays and losses, about uncomfortable and, in its own way, tragic situations in which every child can find himself. It is an ingenious invention to see in one image how the extreme and ordinary, small and large, a feeling of absolute insecurity in front of the world and daily victories over its obstacles are combined in the children's world. This situation of both fabulous detachment and realistic empathy, the author's sympathy for the hero's great and small sufferings, makes Bershadskaya's books so understandable and attractive.

STANISLAV VOSTOKOV

A big animal lover, Stanislav Vostokov from childhood dreamed of following in the footsteps of Gerald Durrell - he dreamed and did. Already at the age of fifteen, he published his translations from Darrell in the Tashkent newspaper "Pioneer of the East" and, while studying at an art school, painted elephants and cranes. From Tashkent, he went to protect nature in Cambodia, from there - to practice at the International Training Center for Conservation of Nature on the island of Jersey founded by Darrell. After that, he worked at the Moscow Zoo and at the Scientific Research Center for Nature Conservation, and told about all this in his books. Although we fell in love with Vostokov precisely for the genre of the story about animals (see "Do not feed or tease" about the Moscow Zoo and the book "An Island Dressed in Jersey"), about which he can speak simply, with understanding and sympathy, he perfectly mastered and other genres, and has received every imaginable children's award to date. For example, for the book of stories about Frosya Korovina, "a real village woman of seven years old" from the village of Papanovo, Vologda Oblast, or a series of air stories inspired by Yuri Koval rather than by the masters of village prose, stories about the village lifestyle "Kum to the King", and about birds and animals that can be seen almost from the window.

ARTHUR GIVARGIZOV

The aesthetic homeland of Artur Givargizov is Soviet school prose, everything is dear and beloved, from Nosov to Dragunsky. Only he feels much freer both in plots and in language, so that some nervous parents scold him for lack of pedagogy (parents who do not understand jokes or demand that morality come first in a children's book are the main enemies of children's prose). In fact, in the light of the achievements of world child psychology, according to which play should be important for children, not a textbook, freedom of imagination, not cramming, Givargizov is exactly the writer who is needed to create an atmosphere of total laughter and fun. He never fails, and although many of his poems and stories seem to be jokes, games, their important theme invariably becomes the search for freedom in any given situation, be it conversations with adults, school lessons or long trips. If you do not know that the Earth has an attraction, you can take and fly, and if you do not want to write a dictation, you can run away into the forest and instead of yourself slip the teacher with a bear and a wolf so that they, quarreling and cheating from each other like real hooligans, diligently take "Her voice rang and trembled like a cracked glass bell."

Givargizov, fortunately, is published without interruption, and all his books are very good - from him alone you can make an excellent home library. But it makes sense for parents not to miss, while there is, the book "From grandfather to children", where the stories and poems of Artur Givargizov are discussed by the linguist Maxim Krongauz, reading with his grandchildren.

TAMARA MIKHEEVA

Tamara Mikheeva is a professional children's writer. This means that she is equally good at picture books about animals and teenage stories like Children of Dolphins. These are invariably kind, invariably light books, inhabited by wonderful magical creatures. In modern children's prose, Tamara Mikheeva plays the role of the main storyteller: living trees grow in her mountains ("Light Mountains"), magic gnomes live in her forests ("Asino Summer"), and her noise, tree inhabitants, have become one of the best children's fantasy serials. In general, there are impeccable stories for children who are just learning to read and love books, and parents who want these books to be only about magic and kind - no other world for Mikheeva seems to exist at all.

MARINA AROMSHTAM

Until the mid-2000s, Maria Aromshtam, a teacher, psychologist and child reading specialist, wrote educational books about pedagogy for adults and teaching aids for children who begin to read. But since then, as in 2008 her story "When Angels Rest" won the "Cherished Dream" prize, Aromshtam has become not only one of our favorite writers, but also the main promoter of children's books. The site "Papmambuk", invented by her, exists precisely to help parents read books with their children. Over the past ten years, Marina Aromshtam has built up a solid bibliography and has already become a classic of modern literature herself. Moreover, I would like to use the word "classic" here for the unobtrusive instructiveness of her texts, for which we are accustomed to value the books of our childhood, or rather, for the freedom of thought and feeling that these books invariably promise. She is equally confident in different themes and genres, be it a realistic story about school life ("When the Angels Rest"), a historical story from England of the XIV century ("Lancelot the Cat and the Golden City. Old English History"), fairy tales, myths about the birth of the world ("Once in a new world") or picture books for children ("Stomach"). Whatever she writes is always about the therapeutic effect of reading and telling stories - exactly what many have ordered.

MARIA BOTEVA

The first book of fairy tales by Maria Boteva “Light alphabet. Two Sisters, Two Winds ”was published by the UFO publishing house in 2005 - at the same time she received the“ Triumph ”award and was included in the short lists of“ Debut ”and“ Cherished Dream ”. We did not hear about her for quite a long time after that, until the publishing house "CompassGid" reopened it, and then it became clear that Boteva is above all an accurate, loyal and attentive writer of teenage life. Two books of her stories, "Ice Cream in Waffle Cups" (2013) and "You Walk on the Carpet" (2016) - this is just some kind of joyful acquisition for any children's library. Because the main theme here is not some exceptional sorrows of teenage life, but, on the contrary, the most recognizable in it, conversations, feelings, daily experiences. So, in the new book "You are walking on the carpet" the main characters are drinking tea, chatting tongue twisters, hanging around, but this particular "Summer is boring again, just a piece of longing" becomes for her an incredibly rich plot. This is such an overwhelming, sincere understanding of teenage life that even an adult can help remember how it all was. To understand why this is so good, just read.

ASYA PETROVA

A graduate of the Sorbonne, a wonderful translator from French, the wife of one of the best contemporary children's poets Mikhail Yasnov and, above all, a wonderful children's author. It has been proven, if you will, even by literary prizes - Petrova has a whole bunch of them, from the first Kniguru prize for the collection of stories “Wolves on Parachutes” and the Marshak Prize to the shortlists for “Debut” and “Baby-NOS”. The main thing in Asa Petrova, however, is the ability to speak with a teenager in his language, to immerse himself in the world of his experiences, where literally everything becomes an existential question - from unwillingness to put on leggings to fear that grandmother will die. Collection of short stories “Wolves on parachutes. Adults Are Silent ”, combining stories for middle school students and thoughtful and sympathetic prose about adolescents, is all that beautiful, scary, sad, ridiculous, from which ordinary teenage life is made.

NINA DASHEVSKAYA

The writer Nina Dashevskaya has already received the Kniguru literary award three times, despite the fact that she published her first story in 2011. A musician by training, she graduated from the Moscow Conservatory majoring in violin and now plays in the orchestra of the theater. Natalia Sats. And her first books, including "Near the Music", were devoted to the huge change that the sound of music can make in the life of a little person. This is generally the main theme of Dashevskaya's teenage prose - a way out of darkness to light, a magical change that is guaranteed to help get rid of loneliness and unhappiness. A sad boy will become cheerful, a lonely teenager will have friends, a child with ADHD will find understanding, a good ending awaits everyone. Considering how simply and joyfully these books are written, it is not surprising that children - and adults too, like them so much.

NATALIA EVDOKIMOVA

In some other world where science fiction, for example, would not be considered a secondary genre in literature, Natalia Evdokimova would become a big literary star - it is difficult to find an author who would feel so free in this topic. Her dystopia "The End of the World" tells about a world that changes entirely from time to time. Its laws are strange, bizarre and sometimes even repressive, but the belief remains that one day some of the worlds will turn out to be what you invented. The brand new book "Kimka & Company" tells the story of a boy who flew away from his parents staring at the TV into imaginary worlds, and travels through them, taking with him his newborn brother. And there is also a very simple, piercing intonation "Summer smells of salt", the teenage heroes of which break free to summer and the sea from the prolonged winter and the captivity of high-rise buildings. In general, this is a necessary inoculation of fantasy from boring and sometimes difficult everyday life - and just very good literature.

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Children's writers and their works.

Today you can find a huge number of offers on the shelves of bookstores, but not everything in a beautiful and bright cover will be useful for children to read. The best will be those works that differ not only in a fascinating plot, but also carry certain educational ideas: they teach goodness, justice, honesty.

It is at preschool age that erudition begins to take shape: a child comes to school with an extensive and in many respects unique literary baggage. At preschool age, children become widely acquainted with Russian and world folklore in all the variety of its genres, with Russian and foreign classics, with the works of children's writers - with those first classical works to which a person often does not return later.

Art made for children is a diverse and extensive part of contemporary culture. Literature has been present in our life since childhood, it is with its help that the concept of good and evil is laid, a worldview and ideals are formed. Even in preschool and primary school age, young readers can already appreciate the dynamics of poems or beautiful fairy tales, and at an older age they begin to read thoughtfully, so books need to be selected accordingly. Let's talk about Russian and foreign children's writers and their works.

Children's writers of the 19-20 century and the development of children's literature.

For the first time, books especially for children in Russia began to be written in the 17th century, in the 18th century the formation of children's literature began: at that time such people as M. Lomonosov, N. Karamzin, A. Sumarokov and others lived and worked. The 19th century is the heyday of children's literature, the "Silver Age", and we still read many books by writers of that time to this day.

Lewis Carroll (1832-1898)

The author of "Alice in Wonderland", "Alice Through the Looking Glass", "The Snark Hunt" was born in a small village in Cheshire (hence the name of his character - Cheshire Cat). The real name of the writer is Charles Dodgson, he grew up in a large family: Charles had 3 brothers and 7 sisters. He went to college, became a professor of mathematics, and even received the rank of deacon. He really wanted to become an artist, painted a lot, loved to photograph. As a boy, he composed stories, funny stories, adored the theater. If his friends had not persuaded Charles to rewrite his story on paper, "Alice in Wonderland" might not have seen the light, but still in 1865, the book was published. Carroll's books are written in such an original and rich language that it is difficult to find a suitable translation for some words: there are more than 10 versions of the translation of his works into Russian, and the readers themselves can choose which one to give preference to.

Astrid Lindgren (1907-2002)

Astrid Eriksson (married Lindgren) grew up in a farmer's family, her childhood spent playing games, adventures and working on the farm. As soon as Astrid learned to read and write, she began to write various stories and first poems.

Astrid wrote the story "Pippi Longstocking" for her daughter when she was sick. Later came the novels "Mio, my Mio", "Roni, the robber's daughter", the trilogy about the detective Callie Blumkvist, the beloved by many triology, which tells about the cheerful and restless Carlson.

Astrid's works are staged in many children's theaters around the world, and her books are adored by people of all ages. In 2002, a literary prize was approved in honor of Astrid Lindgren - it is awarded for her contribution to the development of literature for children.

Selma Lagerlef (1858-1940)

She is a Swedish writer, the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. Selma reluctantly recalled her childhood: at the age of 3, the girl was paralyzed, she did not get out of bed, and the only consolation for her were fairy tales and stories told by her grandmother. At the age of 9 after treatment, the ability to move in Selma returned, she began to dream of a career as a writer. She studied hard, received her Ph.D., became a member of the Swedish Academy.

In 1906, her book about the journey of little Niels on the back of Martin's goose was published, then the writer released the collection "Trolls and People", which included fantastic legends, fairy tales and short stories, she also wrote many novels for adults.

Russian children's writers

Kornei Ivanovich Chukovsky (1882-1969)

Real name - Nikolai Korneichukov is known for children's fairy tales and stories in poetry and prose. He was born in St. Petersburg, lived for a long time in Nikolaev, Odessa, from childhood he firmly decided to become a writer, but, having arrived in St. Petersburg, he faced refusals from the editorial offices of magazines. He became a member of a literary circle, a critic, wrote poetry and short stories. He was even arrested for his courageous statements. During the war, Chukovsky was a war correspondent, editor of almanacs and magazines. He spoke foreign languages \u200b\u200band translated works of foreign authors. The most famous works of Chukovsky are "Cockroach", "Tsokotukha Fly", "Barmaley", "Aibolit", "Miracle Tree", "Moidodyr" and others.

Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak (1887-1964)

Playwright, poet, translator, literary critic, talented author. It was in his translation that many first read Shakespeare's sonnets, poems by Burns, fairy tales of different peoples of the world. Samuel's talent began to manifest itself in early childhood: the boy wrote poetry, had the ability to foreign languages. The poetic books of Marshak, who moved from Voronezh to Petrograd, immediately enjoyed great success, and their feature is the variety of genres: poems, ballads, sonnets, riddles, songs, sayings - he could do everything. In his works, Samuil Marshak introduces children of different ages to the world around them, encouraging the child to feel full and interesting poetry. The poems of this writer not only help the child broaden their horizons, fostering taste and love for literary Russian speech, but also help the child to feel the richness of the language. Samuil Yakovlevich was awarded many prizes, and his poems have been translated into dozens of languages. The most famous works are "Twelve Months", "Baggage", "The Tale of a Stupid Mouse", "That's How Absent-minded", "Mustache-Striped" and others.

Agniya Lvovna Barto (1906-1981)

Agnia Barto was an exemplary student, already at school she began to write poetry and epigrams for the first time. Now many children are brought up on her poems, her light, rhythmic poems have been translated into many languages \u200b\u200bof the world. Agnia was an active literary figure all her life, a member of the jury of the Andersen Competition. In 1976 she received the H.H. Andersen Prize. The most famous poems are "Goby", "Bullfinch", "We are with Tamara", "Lyubochka", "Bear", "Man", "I am growing" and others. Barto always succeeded in such a dialogue, because she perfectly knew the person to whom she was addressing and respected the interlocutor, no matter how small he was.

Each toy in the image of Agnia Barto takes on individuality. A toy is an important part of the material, material environment, which is closest to the child and actively assimilated by him.

Poems help to survive the neglect of the toy as a betrayal of a friend. Barto opposes the reckless and cruel "mistress" of the rag hare with another small character who, after the bear has lost its paw, continues to play with him "because he is good." So the poet melted the child's affection for an old toy into a wonderful property of the soul: loyalty to friends and relatives, into gratitude and love. A peculiarity in poems about toys: as a rule, they are written in the first person, if we are talking about some good deeds of children ("I pull the boat along a fast river ...", "No, it was not in vain that we decided to ride the cat in the car ...", “We will build the plane ourselves…”) and from a third person, when there are no active actions of the child or bad actions of the child (“The hostess threw the bunny…”, “Our Tanya is crying out loud…”)

Such an example helps to assert positive character traits in young readers. A. Barto is a children's writer not because she wrote for children, but because her best poems have become children's folklore. She walks with her reader through all the steps of childhood and at the same time not only seeks to discover the world of toys, things, nature, people, but also to lay in the child's soul the beginning of a moral attitude towards the world. Barto reveals the personality of the child from early childhood, when the child begins to walk ("Mashenka" - 1948). The kid during this period is the discoverer of the world, he only gets the very first impressions. In verse, the poetess traces the growth of the child's independence.

Agnia Barto laughs with children cheerfully, not evil, she does not want to offend and condemn the child forever, as children grow and change and therefore they are not hopeless in bad deeds. Barto's ridicule does not hurt or kill, but makes him look at himself from the outside. Barto is deeply convinced that it is in childhood that the foundation of a person is laid, and if negative qualities appear in the formative character, then this threatens with great moral losses in the future.

Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov (1913-2009)

He can be considered a classic of Russian children's literature: a writer, chairman of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR, a talented poet, writer, fabulist, playwright. It is he who is the author of two hymns: the USSR and the Russian Federation. He devoted a lot of time to social activities, although at first he had no dream of becoming a writer: in his youth he was both a laborer and a member of a geological expedition. We all remember such works as "What's yours", "Song of Friends", "Three Little Pigs", "New Year's Eve", "Uncle Styopa - Policeman". Why is the image of Uncle Styopa so close to the reader, why is he friends with millions of children? First of all, he has a very attractive character trait, which, unfortunately, does not often determine the images of the heroes of children's literature: kindness, responsiveness. Uncle Styopa not only prevented a train wreck - he also rescued pigeons from a burning house, and “raised the one who was small in stature”, and “removed a snake from telegraph wires for the guys”.

Children not only need everything that Uncle Styopa does for them, but close, interesting, what he does for himself. He jumps with a parachute, goes to the parade, shoots at the shooting range, comes to the stadium, rides a camel and finally enters the navy.

Mikhalkov, with remarkable accuracy and sharpness, defined the circle of childish (mainly boyish) interests and was able to beat Uncle Styopa's adventures in such a way that with each episode, the hero's appearance looms more fully and more attractively.

Contemporary children's writers

Grigory Bentsionovich Oster

A children's writer, in whose works adults can also learn a lot. He was born in Odessa, served in the navy, his life is still very active: he is a leading, talented author, screenwriter of cartoons. "Monkeys", "A Kitten Named Woof", "38 Parrots", "Gotcha Who Bite" - all these cartoons were filmed according to his script, and "Bad Advice" is a book that has gained immense popularity. By the way, an anthology of children's literature has been published in Canada: the books of most writers have a circulation of 300-400 thousand, and Auster's Bad Advice has sold 12 million copies!

Eduard Nikolaevich Uspensky

From childhood, Eduard Uspensky was a ringleader, participated in KVN, organized skits, then he first tried his hand at being a writer, later began writing plays for children's radio programs, children's theaters, dreamed of creating his own magazine for children. The cartoon "Gena Crocodile and His Friends" brought fame to the writer, since then the eared symbol - Cheburashka, has settled in almost every home. We also still love the book and cartoon "Three from Prostokvashino", "Koloboks are conducting the investigation", "Plasticine crow", "Baba Yaga against!" other.

J.K. Rowling

Speaking about modern children's writers, it is simply impossible not to recall the author of the series of books about Harry Potter, the wizard boy and his friends. It is the best-selling book series in history and has grossed huge box office films. Rowling has gone from obscurity and poverty to worldwide fame. At first, none of the editors agreed to accept and publish a book about a wizard, believing that such a genre would be of no interest to readers. Only the small publisher Bloomsbury agreed - and it was right. Now Rowling continues to write, is engaged in charity and social activities, she is a realized author and a happy mother and wife.

Modern children read little, are not interested in art, do not know how to organize leisure time, spend most of their time at the computer, as a result of which they do not know how to communicate with their peers and adults.

You involuntarily wonder where such a wonderful tradition as family reading or reading before bedtime has gone from us? It's no secret that it is in the family that the child's personality is brought up. The task of adults is to introduce children to reading, to instill a love for the book. If the family loves and reads a lot, then the baby will imitate the lifestyle of his family.

On March 31, 1882, Kornei Ivanovich Chukovsky was born - Russian poet, literary critic, children's writer and journalist. The enthusiasm for children's literature, which made Chukovsky famous, began relatively late, when he was already a famous critic.
In 1916, Chukovsky compiled the collection Yolka and wrote his first fairy tale, The Crocodile. In 1923 his famous fairy tales "Moidodyr" and "Cockroach" were published.

Charles Perrault

French poet and critic of the era of classicism, now known mainly as the author of "The Tales of Mother Goose". Charles Perrault was the fourth most published foreign writer in the USSR in 1917-1987: the total circulation of his publications amounted to 60.798 million copies.

Berestov Valentin Dmitrievich

Russian poet and lyricist who wrote for adults and children. He is the author of such children's works as "The Serpent-Braggart", "Mother and Stepmother", "The Stork and the Nightingale", etc.

Marshak Samuil Yakovlevich

Russian Soviet poet, playwright, translator and literary critic. The author of the works "Teremok", "The Cat's House", "Doctor Faust" and others. Almost throughout his literary career, Marshak wrote both poetic feuilletons and serious, "adult" lyrics. In addition, Marshak is the author of the classic translations of William Shakespeare's sonnets. Marshak's books have been translated into many languages \u200b\u200bof the world, and for the translations of Robert Burns Marshak was awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of Scotland.

Mikhalkov Sergey Vladimirovich

In addition to his career as a fabulist and war correspondent, Sergei Vladimirovich is also the author of the texts of the anthems of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Among his famous children's works are "Uncle Styopa", "Nightingale and the Crow", "What's yours", "Hare and Turtle", etc.

Hans Christian Andersen

Author of world famous fairy tales for children and adults: The Ugly Duckling, The King's New Dress, Thumbelina, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Princess and the Pea, Ole Lukkoye, The Snow Queen and many others.

Agniya Barto

The first husband of Volova was the poet Pavel Barto. Together with him, she wrote three poems - "Roar Girl", "Grimy Girl" and "Counting". During the Great Patriotic War, the Barto family was evacuated to Sverdlovsk. There Agnia had to master the profession of a turner. She gave the prize she received during the war to build a tank. In 1944, the family returned to Moscow.

Nosov Nikolay Nikolaevich

The 1952 Stalin Prize winner of the third degree, Nikolai Nosov, is best known as a children's writer. Here is the author of works about Dunno.

Moshkovskaya Emma Efraimovna

At the beginning of her career, Emma received approval from Samuel Marshak himself. In 1962, she released the first collection of poems for children, Uncle Shar, which was followed by more than 20 collections of poems and fairy tales for preschool and primary school age. It is also worth noting that many Soviet composers wrote songs on the verses of Moshkovskaya.

Lunin Victor Vladimirovich

Poems and fairy tales Viktor Lunin began to compose at school, but he entered the path of a professional writer much later. The first publications of poetry in periodicals appeared in the early 70s (the writer himself was born in 1945). Viktor Vladimirovich has published more than thirty books of poetry and prose. His poetic "Az-bu-ka" for children became a reference in the transmission of letter sound writing, and his book "Children's Album" was awarded a diploma at the 3rd All-Russian Children's Book Competition "Father's House" in 1996. For the Children's Album, Viktor Lunin was awarded the title of laureate of the Murzilka magazine literary prize in the same year. In 1997, his fairy tale "The Adventures of Sweet Lisa" was awarded as the best fairy tale about cats by the library of foreign literature.

Oseeva Valentina Alexandrovna

In 1937 Valentina Alexandrovna brought her first story "Grishka" to the editorial office, and in 1940 her first book, "The Red Cat", was published. Then they wrote collections of stories for children "Babka", "The Magic Word", "Father's Jacket", "My Comrade", a book of poems "Hedgehog", the story "Vasyok Trubachev and his comrades", "Dinka" and "Dinka says goodbye to childhood "With autobiographical roots.

Brothers Grimm

The Brothers Grimm published several anthologies, The Tales of the Brothers Grimm, which became very popular. Among their fairy tales are: "Snow White", "The Wolf and the Seven Kids", "The Bremen Town Musicians", "Hansel and Gretel", "Little Red Riding Hood" and many others.

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev

Contemporaries noted his brilliant mind, humor, talent of the interlocutor. His epigrams, witticisms and aphorisms were on everyone's lips. Tyutchev's fame was confirmed by many - Turgenev, Fet, Druzhinin, Aksakov, Grigoriev and others. Leo Tolstoy called Tyutchev "one of those unfortunate people who are immeasurably higher than the crowd among which they live, and therefore are always alone."

Alexey Nikolaevich Pleshcheev

In 1846, the very first collection of poems made Pleshcheev famous among the revolutionary youth. Three years later, he was arrested and sent into exile, where he spent almost ten years in military service. Upon his return from exile, Pleshcheev continued his literary activity; after going through years of poverty and hardship, he became an authoritative writer, critic, publisher, and at the end of his life and a patron of the arts. Many of the poet's works (especially poems for children) have become textbooks, are considered classics. More than a hundred romances have been written to Pleshcheev's poems by the most famous Russian composers.

Eduard Nikolaevich Uspensky

You don't need to introduce this person. This will be done by the characters of his works, including Crocodile Gena and Cheburashka, the cat Matroskin, Uncle Fyodor, the postman Pechkin and others.

It has always been and remains in demand, exerting an immense influence on the kids. Several generations grew up on the books of their favorite authors, who were the first to show kids a clear line between good and evil, who taught them to learn the laws of nature, the rules of communication with each other, who introduced them to history and other sciences in a way that a child can understand. Many ideals taken from children's books written by Soviet writers became the basis for the formation of the character of a person. They remain in the mind of a person until the end of life.

Soviet children's writers - authors of books for the young generation - are a kind of educators who have assumed moral and moral responsibility for the formation of a worthy personality. For the adult generation of Russians, these names evoke the most pleasant associations.

Almost everyone is familiar with the poems of the Soviet poetess Agnia Barto. Family, pioneers, the life of Soviet schoolchildren are the main theme of her kind, often funny works, popular among both children and adults. In them, Agnia Barto spoke the language of a real child, and in life she did truly adult actions: she found and returned hundreds of children scattered throughout the country by the war to their families. It would seem a hopeless business, because in childhood, few people know full information about themselves (address, physical signs, the right names). But many children could remember bright moments of life (how they rode with Egorka on a sled, how a rooster pecked painfully between the eyes, how they played with their beloved dog Dzhulbars). It was these memories that Agnia Barto, who could speak the language of the children, used in her search.

For 9 years she was the host of the radio program "Find a Man", on the air of which she daily read unique signs from letters flying from all over the country. Only the first graduation helped seven people find their families, and for all the time under the strict guidance of Agnia Barto, who worked as a translator from the "children's language", 927 families were able to reunite.

A striking representative of children's writers of the Soviet era is Cheburashka, the cat Matroskin, Uncle Fedor - and today these cartoon characters remain loved and enter every home.

The engineering education he received did not in the least prevent Eduard Uspensky from becoming a favorite children's author. His book heroes have successfully migrated to television screens and delight the viewer with their adventures for several decades. Many of them had real prototypes. So, the writer portrayed his first wife, a lady harmful in all respects. Friend Nikolai Taraskin put on the image of the cat Matroskin: smart, hardworking and economic. At first, Ouspensky wanted to give the same surname to the cat, but his friend “took a pose” and did not allow it, although later (after the cartoon was released) he regretted it more than once. A girl in a huge fur coat, once seen by a writer in a store, became the prototype of everyone's beloved Cheburashka. Parents chose a fur coat for the baby in the summer for growth, and the girl simply could not walk in it. As soon as she took a step, she fell. Dad, picking her up from the floor once again, said: "Well, what a Cheburashka you are" (from the word "cheburashnutsya" - to fall, crash).

Korney Chukovsky is a favorite of children

Well, who does not know the poems of Korney Chukovsky: "Fly-Tsokotukha", "Moidodyr", "Cockroach", "Aibolit", "Barmaley"? Many Soviet writers worked under their real names. Chukovsky was the pseudonym of Nikolai Vasilievich Korneichukov. He wrote his most widely read works for his and about his daughter Murochka, who died of tuberculosis at the age of 11. The poem "Aybolit" was a cry from the heart about a magic doctor who would fly in and save everyone. In addition to Murochka, Chukovsky had three more children.

Throughout his life, Korney Ivanovich helped those who turned to him for help, using his fame, charm and artistry for this. Not all Soviet writers were capable of such open actions, but he sent money, knocked out pensions, places in hospitals, apartments, helped gifted young writers to get through, fought for those who were arrested, and took care of orphaned families. By the way, in 1992, entomologist A.P. Ozerov named a new species of anteater flies from the Diptera order - mucha tzokotucha in honor of Mukha-Tsokotukha.

Soviet writers made a significant contribution to children's literature, raising several generations of wonderful people on their works. How kind, colorful and informative Vitaly Bianki, Mikhail Prishvin tell children about the beauty of nature, instilling love for her and our younger brothers from a young age. Such famous Soviet writers as Arkady Gaidar, Valentin Kataev, Boris Zakhoder, and many others are still popular among readers, because the idea of \u200b\u200bgoodness and compassion for one's neighbor runs through all their works.

The texts are intended for reading lessons in grade 2, for independent study of the biography of K.I. Chukovsky, Vvedensky A.I., Bunin I.A., A.L. Barto, A.S. Pushkin, Blaginina

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Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky (Nikolay Ivanovich Korneichukov)russian writer, critic, children's poet, literary critic, translator.

Was born in St. Petersburg in 1882 into a poor family. He spent his childhood in Odessa. From his youth he led a working life, was engaged in self-education, studied English.

In 1901 he began to publish in the newspaper "Odessa News"; was sent as a correspondent to London, where he studied English literature. Upon his return he moved to St. Petersburg.

His first experience was the poetic tale "Crocodile", which marked the beginning of his work in children's literature. Returning on the train to St. Petersburg with his sick son, he told him a fairy tale about a crocodile under the sound of wheels. The child listened very carefully. Several days passed, Korney Ivanovich had already forgotten about that episode, and the son remembered everything that his father had said then by heart. Thus was born the fairy tale "Crocodile", published in 1917.

After the "Crocodile", fairy tales appeared in verses "Moidodyr", "Cockroach", "Fly-tsokotukha", "Barmaley", "Aibolit", etc.

Since then, Chukovsky has become a favorite children's writer.

1.Where was the poet born? And where did you spend your childhood?

2. Tell us how the “Crocodile” fairy tale was born?

3. Find the highlighted words in the text and try to explain them.

5. Name Chukovsky's fairy tales that you know?

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Vvedensky Alexander Ivanovich (1904 - 1941)

Born on November 23 in St. Petersburg in the family of an economist. He studied at the gymnasium, then at school, which he graduated from in 1921, without passing the exam in Russian literature. But already at school he began to write poetry. In those years, A. Blok was a favorite poet.

After leaving school, he first entered the law faculty of Petrograd University, then the Chinese branch of the Oriental Faculty, but soon left him too. He worked as a clerk. However, all of Vvedensky's interests are in literature. During these years, the circle of the poet's poetic and literary ties, his contacts in the world of art, expanded. He meets Kharms, who becomes his close friend. Vvedensky since 1928 acted as a children's writer, collaborated in the magazines "Ezh" and "Chizh".

In 1933 - 34 the best poems of Vvedensky were written - "I am sorry that I am not a beast", "An invitation to think about me", "Four descriptions" and others. Works in children's literature, makes money by writing clown reprises, couplets, miniatures. Shortly before the war, he wrote a play for a puppet theater. During these years he performed little with his poems.

In 1941, the Germans were approaching Kharkov, and the family had to evacuate. The train was overcrowded, so it was decided to stay and wait for the next one, which was supposed to run in a few days. However, there was no further evacuation. Two days later, Vvedensky was arrested. The exact date of death is unknown. Later, the date of the rehabilitation document was December 20, 1941.

Read the text 2 times and answer the questions:

1. Where was the poet born?
2. Where does a poet go after leaving school?
3. In what magazines did Vvedensky work?
4. Find a word that you don't understand.

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Bunin Ivan Alekseevich (1870 - 1953) - Russian writer. Born October 10 in Voronezh in a noble family. Childhood years were spent in the family estate on the Butyrki farm in the Oryol province. Constant communication on the farm with courtyard people, with former serfs, enriched the writer. Here he first heard sad stories about the past, folk poetic tales. Bunin owes his first acquaintance with the richest Russian language to the peasants and household people.

He worked as a proofreader, librarian, collaborated in a newspaper. He often moved - he lived in Orel, then in Kharkov, then in Poltava, then in Moscow. Met with L. Tolstoy, met with Anton Chekhov. Published the story "To the End of the World". Inspired by his success, Bunin turned entirely to literary creation. Among the works of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin are novels, stories, short stories, poems, translations of works of the classics of world poetry.

Having met the October Revolution with hostility, the writer left Russia forever in 1920. He emigrated to France and settled in Paris. Everything he wrote in exile related to Russia, Russian people, Russian nature.

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin died in Paris. Buried Ivan Alekseevich Bunin at the Russian cemetery Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois, near Paris.

Read the text 2 times and answer the questions:

1. Find words you don't understand in the text and try to explain them.

2. Where was the writer born?

3. To whom does Bunin owe his first acquaintance with the richest Russian language?

4. Where did Ivan Alekseevich work?

5. Where did the writer emigrate and why?

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Agniya Lvovna Barto (real name Volova) is a famous children's writer, whose poems in our country are known to every child. Born February 17, 1906 in Moscow in the family of a veterinarian. Received a good education at home, led by her father. She began to write poetry in the elementary grades of the gymnasium. She dreamed of becoming a ballerina, graduated from a choreographic school. Her books were published in millions of copies. She devoted her whole life to children, their upbringing and problems. During the Great Patriotic War, Barto speaks a lot on the radio, travels to the front as a newspaper correspondent. To write a poem about adolescents who were forced to grow up earlier by the war, work and feed their families, she studies with them to become a turner, acquiring a handicraft category.

In the post-war years, Agniya Lvovna became the organizer of the movement in the USSR to search for families separated during the war. She suggested looking for lost parents from childhood memories. Through the program "Find a Man" on the radio "Mayak" it was possible to connect 927 separated families. And the first book of prose of the writer is called "Find a Man".

The writer died in 1981, having lived a long and so necessary life for people.

Read the text 2 times and answer the questions:

1. Who is the text about?

2. When did she start writing poetry? Name any poem.

3. What did the writer do during the war?

4. What kind of life did Agniya Lvovna live?

5. Find unfamiliar words in the text and try to explain them.

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Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born on May 26 (June 6, new style) in 1799 in Moscow. Here he spent his childhood.

In the summer, Pushkin was taken to Zakharyino, the village of his grandmother near Moscow. The boy loved these places: the birch grove, which began right at the gate of the Zakharya house - here they drank tea on hot days, - and a huge linden tree by the pond, and a dark spruce forest on the other side of it. He played here, imagining himself a hero fighting against evil forces. And in the evenings he listened attentively to the merry and sad Russian songs, watched the round dances, which were led by peasant girls.

1.Where was the writer born?

2. Where was Pushkin taken for the summer?

3. What places did little Sasha like?

Parents did little to do with the child. Sergei Lvovich, the poet's father, thought little about home, about raising children. Nadezhda Osipovna, the poet's mother, a beautiful society woman, was busy only with herself. The real mistress in the Pushkin house was the poet's grandmother, Maria Alekseevna Hannibal, an intelligent, sensible and sensible woman. She loved her grandson very much. And the child, who did not know parental affection, with all his heart became attached to her. He loved to listen to her quiet stories. He loved the fairy tales of his nanny Arina Rodionovna. With her melodious voice, she took the child into such a dazzling world of folk fantasy, sang such amazing songs that the boy forgot about the world around him. My father had an excellent library, mostly in French. The child greedily reached for the book. Unbeknownst to the adults, he makes his way to bookcases at night, reads by candlelight. Reading has become a passion.

Read 2 times and answer the questions about the text:

1. Did the parents educate the writer?

2. To whom was Pushkin's heart attached?

3. Whose tales did the poet love?

4. What was Sasha interested in?

It's time to start learning, but the tutors and governesses are not kept in the house. Pushkin did not like his teachers, they did not know how to interest him. However, the child's memory was brilliant, this helped him learn the given lesson, repeating it after his sister Olga.

In the eighth year of his life, he begins to write. From under his pen, fables, comic poems, comedies come out. He alone "plays out" his comedy The Kidnapper in front of his sister. He writes small poems for the albums of the young ladies of the neighborhood. Adults do not attach importance to the boy's poetic exercises.

By the age of twelve, Pushkin, in general, development was much ahead of his peers. He, according to his brother, "was gifted with the memory of an incredible and in the eleventh year he already knew all French literature by heart." However, this did not prevent him from running and jumping over chairs, deftly throwing the ball, that is, remaining a twelve-year-old playful boy. He loved his native nature, folk tales and songs, loved his grandmother, nanny, loved Yusupov Garden and Zakharyino, loved books.

Read 2 times and answer the questions about the text:

1. Could the teacher interest Pushkin?

2. In what year did he start writing?

3. What was the poet gifted with?

4. What did he like?

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Elena Alexandrovna Blaginina was born on May 27, 1903 in the village of Yakovlevo, Orel province. She grew up as a simple village girl who could not even imagine that she would someday become a famous children's poetess. At the age of 8, she composed a play for a home theater, from that time she wrote poetry and fairy tales. The main characters of her works are girls.

Her father was a cashier, her grandfather was a priest, and Elena herself was going to become a teacher. The desire to teach children was so great that she was ready to walk seven kilometers every day from her home in the village to the Kursk Pedagogical Institute.

Elena Blaginina had eight brothers and sisters. They lived with their parents and grandmother, who told a lot of fairy tales. She recited poems by A.S. Pushkin.

Elena Blaginina lived a rather long life, and there was not a day when she did not work. She devoted her whole life to giving children joy with her works. Her poems were different: funny and interesting, childish teasers and perky.

Read the text 2 times and answer the questions:

1.Where was the writer born?

3. What interesting things have you learned from the life of Elena Blaginina?

4. Find words that you do not understand. Try to answer them.