How is the Russian character portrayed in the story "Russian Character"? A.N. Tolstoy Russian character creative work of students in literature (grade 11) on the topic of Tolstoy Russian character in abbreviation

In the story "Russian character" A.N. Tolstoy described an episode of the Great Patriotic War, when there was still a whole year before victory, and the author did not even depict the military feat of tanker Yegor Dremov (this could most likely be expected), but the hero's family circumstances - his relationship with his parents and bride.

The Russian character in the story is made up of the individual character traits of all the heroes, major and minor. The main character is Yegor Dremov, a tank commander who received severe burns in a battle on the Kursk Bulge. He is rescued from a burning tank by a driver who himself was wounded, but pulled out the commander, who had lost consciousness. Thus, the tank driver Chuvilev (this minor character will once again appear in the story to describe the military exploits of the tank crew under the command of Yegor Dremov) at a dangerous moment thinks not only about his own life, but, risking himself, saves a comrade in arms. In his conscientiousness, one can see a character trait that is highly valued by Russians.

Yegor Dremov shows a Russian character in battle, and especially in relations with his parents and fiancée. Arriving home on vacation after being injured, he felt sorry for his old parents, he was afraid to upset them. It seemed to Yegor that his ugly face would frighten them: after all, it had become a lifeless mask, and only his eyes remained the same. Thus, the character of the protagonist showed modesty, restraint, even sacrifice, which Russian people value: a real person cares least of all about himself, but above all he thinks about his loved ones, about their happiness.

Yegor Dremov was wrong, thinking that he was sparing his parents when he did not admit that he was their son. His parents are already happy that their son is alive - after all, everyone around receives a "funeral" from the front. Yegor Yegorovichi Maria Polikarpovna love their son not for his appearance, but because he is a son. Of course, the old people are proud that their Yegor is a hero, but above all they value in him not beauty, but courage and honesty. Here another feature of the Russian character is manifested - the main attention is paid not to appearance, but to mental qualities. After all, the soldier's burnt face testifies that he took part in terrible battles and did not spare himself, defending his homeland. Such a person evokes respect and admiration in Russians, despite the outward ugliness. Therefore, Father Yegor Yegorovich believes that such a face as a front-line soldier who came to them "should be proud." This idea is formulated by the elder Dremov - a Russian himself.

The mother of the hero also has a Russian character. Maria Polikarpovna recognized her son, although his face changed beyond recognition after operations. With her heart, with some sixth sense, she guessed that her son was visiting her house, and showed an extraordinary sensitivity, so dear to the Russian heart. Since a Russian person is usually restrained in the manifestations of his feelings, the attention and observation of others, who themselves must guess about the experiences of a loved one, become very important qualities. It is very good if friends and relatives understand each other without words.

In Katya Malysheva, Yegor Dremov's bride, the Russian character is also revealed: in a woman, Russians value loyalty and devotion, which is demonstrated by the heroine, who twice (seeing off to the front and visiting after being wounded) declares to Yegor that she will wait for him from the war and love him faithfully. But Katya is the protagonist's bride, not his wife, that is, so far she is connected with Yegor only by word.

Ivan Sudarev, a friend of Yegor and a benevolent storyteller, himself has a Russian character, reasonable, restrained, thoughtful. He evaluates the actions of all the heroes appearing in a small story, and notes the different facets of the Russian character in each character.

Thus, Tolstoy creates a Russian character, combining the features of different heroes, and, thanks to this technique, presents the image of a Russian person as complete, versatile and generalized sublime. This portrayal of national character distinguishes Tolstoy's story from the works of other Soviet authors who wrote about the war. For example, AT Tvardovsky in the poem "Vasily Turkin" concentrates the traits of the Russian character in one main character.

According to artistic principles - the conflict between the good and the best and edification (instructive) - "Russian character" should be attributed to the leading direction of Soviet literature - socialist realism. In the story, the conflict between Yegor Dremov and his family is far-fetched, because it exists only in the head of the modest protagonist, but in fact, the characters in the story are each better and nobler than the other. The instructiveness of the "Russian character" was expressed in the fact that through Ivan Sudarev, who assesses all the characters in the work, the writer teaches: just like Yegor Dremov, a Soviet soldier should behave; exactly as his parents and fiancée should be done by the soldier's relatives. At the end of the story, the author tells the reader how to correctly understand the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work: “Yes, here they are, Russian characters! It seems that a person is simple, but a severe misfortune will come, in big or small, and a great power will rise in him - human beauty. "

So, the story about Yegor Dremov ended happily. There could be no other ending, given that all her characters have noble characters. During a terrible war, such a story becomes necessary: \u200b\u200bit gives hope, saves from despair, and therefore the "Russian character", one might say, reflects the perception of the war era and in this sense becomes a monument to the era.

But if conflict-free stories with a happy ending occur in real life, then only as exceptions. How does a soldier and his family usually meet? Remembering the millions of Soviet people who died at the fronts and during the occupation, tragic dates can be expected rather. Isakovsky's poem "Enemies burned down his native hut" (1945) depicts the return of the victorious soldier to his native ashes: all his relatives died during the German occupation, the long-awaited meeting with his relatives turned into a commemoration at his wife's grave. Another tragic situation is described by MA Sholokhov in the story "The Fate of a Man" (1956). Returning to his hometown after the Nazi captivity. Andrei Sokolov learns that a German bomb hit his house when his wife and two teenage daughters were there. As a result, the beloved relatives of the protagonist do not even have graves - in the place of the house there is a funnel with rusty water.

After the victory, Captain Alexei Alekseevich Ivanov arrives in his hometown, where his wife Lyuba, eleven-year-old son Petrushka and five-year-old daughter Nastya are waiting for him. On the very first evening at dinner, the victorious warrior demands from his wife an account of how she lived without him. The writer does not talk about Ivanov at the front, although his orders and medals testify to military exploits. But the author describes in detail the life of the Ivanov family in the rear: Lyuba worked at a brick (!) Factory for all four years of the war, took care of two small children, constantly worried about her husband at the front and, in order to escape from everyday melancholy, once succumbed to the tenderness of some then a union trainer. Captain Ivanov cannot forgive his wife for this, although he easily forgives such liberties: he himself, a couple of days ago, on his way home, stayed at a friend of the frontline soldier Masha.

The ending of the story about Yegor Dremov is a foregone conclusion, given the wonderful Russian characters of all the characters in this story. What will the imperfect Platonic hero do? Outraged and offended by Lyuba's confession, Alexei wants to go to Masha the next morning (!), But seeing from the carriage window his children Petrushka and Nastya running towards the train, he suddenly softens his soul and gets off the train: yesterday he assessed his family circumstances from the point of view "Pride and self-interest," and now I understood them with a bared heart.

There is no teaching in Platonov's story, and the happy ending is explained not by Ivanov's exemplary nobility, but by the feelings of a normal person - love for his family. Therefore, the story "Return" is closer to life than "Russian character": Plato's story shows the real world as complex as it is, and not as correct as it should be, according to the writer A. N. Tolstoy.

The Russian character can be very difficult to describe. You can take some kind of feat as a basis. But which one? There are many of them. And I'll tell you, Ivan Sudarev, a story from the life of my friend Lieutenant Yegor Dryomov. This is a simple person from the Saratov region. He has a Gold Star and many orders on his chest. He has a strong physique, wavy hair, a handsome face and a charming smile.

In war, people often get better. But my friend has always been like that. He treated his parents with respect and love - Marya Polikarpovna and Egor Yegorovich. Yegor did not brag about his bride. He only casually mentioned her as a good and faithful girl. The guy also did not like to spread about his military exploits. We learned about them from the members of his crew, because Dremov was a tanker.

Once a misfortune happened to the lieutenant. During another battle with the German invaders, his tank was hit by two shells and caught fire. Yegor was unconscious, and his clothes were on fire. The driver Chuvilev pulled him out of the burning tank. The guy survived, but underwent many plastic surgeries on his face. It was now so terrible with him that people tried not to look at him.

The commission recognized Dremov as fit for non-combatant service. But first, the lieutenant received a three-week leave and went home. It was in March. From the station he walked about twenty kilometers on foot. Yegor came to the village when it was already dark. He went to the house, looked out the window and saw his mother. Fearing to scare her, the guy decided to introduce himself as another person.

The mother did not recognize her son either by his appearance or by his voice. After all the operations, even the guy's voice became deaf and hoarse. Yegor called himself Lieutenant Gromov, who brought news from her son. He began to tell the woman in detail about Senior Lieutenant Dremov, that is, about himself. At this time, the father came, sat down at the table and also began to listen to the guest's story.

They began to have supper. Yegor noticed that his mother was looking very intently at his hand. He chuckled. On the one hand, he felt good that he was at home, on the other, he was terribly upset that he was not recognized. After talking a little more, everyone went to bed. The father fell asleep, and the mother could not sleep for a long time.

In the morning, Yegor began to ask his mother about Katya Malysheva in order to see her. A neighbor's girl was sent for her, and after a short time Katya was already standing on the threshold of his house. How the guy wanted to kiss her. She was gentle, cheerful and beautiful. The girl did not immediately see the lieutenant's face. Before she managed to say that she was very much looking forward to the young man. But then, glancing at Yegor, Katerina was frightened and fell silent. It was then that he decided to leave his home.

He walked to the station and all the way asked himself the question: "How can he be now?" The guy returned to the regiment, where he was greeted with great joy, and his soul felt better. He decided not to tell his mother about his misfortune as long as possible, and to forget Katya. But two weeks later Yegor received a letter from his mother. In it, she wrote that she sees in an unexpected guest her son, and not a stranger. And the father doesn't believe it. She says she is crazy.

Yegor showed this letter to me. And I advised him to confess everything to his mother. He listened to me and wrote a letter in response, in which he confirmed his presence in the house and asked for forgiveness for his ignorance. After some time, the mother and the beautiful girl Katya came to Senior Lieutenant Dremov, promising the guy to love him and to be always with him.

This is the Russian character! There is great strength in the common man - spiritual beauty. She sleeps for the time being. And when trouble comes, she wakes up.

"RUSSIAN CHARACTER"

Russian character! - for a short story, the title is too significant. What can you do - I just want to talk with you about the Russian character.

Russian character! Go ahead and describe him ... Should you tell about heroic deeds? But there are so many of them that you will be confused - which one to prefer. So one of my friends helped me out with a little story from his personal life. I won’t tell how he beat the Germans, although he wears a gold star and half of his chest in orders. He is a simple, quiet, ordinary person - a collective farmer from the Volga village of the Saratov region. But among others, it is noticeable by a strong and proportionate build and beauty. Sometimes, when he crawls out of the turret of a tank, you peep in - the god of war! He jumps from his armor to the ground, pulls off his helmet from his wet curls, wipes his grimy face with a rag and will certainly smile from his heartfelt affection.

In war, constantly revolving around death, people do better, all nonsense peels off them, like unhealthy skin after a sunburn, and remains in a person - the core. Of course, for one it is stronger, for another weaker, but those who have a flawed core stretch, everyone wants to be a good and loyal comrade. But my friend, Yegor Dremov, was of strict behavior even before the war, he respected and loved his mother, Marya Polikarpovna, and his father, Yegor Yegorovich, extremely much. "My father is a sedate man, first of all, he respects himself. You, he says, son, will see a lot in the world, and you will visit abroad, but be proud of your Russian title ..."

He had a bride from the same village on the Volga. We talk a lot about brides and wives, especially if there is a calm, cold at the front, a light smokes in a dugout, a stove bursts, and people have supper. Here they will put on this - you will hang your ears. They will start, for example: "What is love?" One will say: "Love arises on the basis of respect ..." Another: "Nothing of the kind, love is a habit, a person loves not only his wife, but his father and mother and even animals ..." - "Ugh, stupid!" , - love is when everything boils in you, a person walks like a drunk ... "And so they philosophize for an hour or two, until the foreman, intervening, in an imperative voice determines the very essence ... Yegor Dremov, must be ashamed of these conversations , he just casually mentioned to me about the bride - she is a very good girl, they say, and if she said that she would wait, she would wait, at least he returned on one leg ...

He also did not like to rant about military exploits: "I don't want to remember such deeds!" Frown and light a cigarette. We learned about the combat affairs of his tank from the words of the crew, especially the driver surprised the listeners

You see, as soon as we turned around, I looked, from behind the little mountain I crawl out ... I shout: "Comrade lieutenant, tiger!" - "Forward, screaming, full throttle! ..." And let me disguise myself on the fir-tree - to the right, to the left ... The tiger drives the tiger with the barrel, like a blind man, he hit it - past ... - spray! As soon as he gives it to the tower, - he lifted his trunk ... As he gives it to the third one, - smoke poured from all the cracks at the tiger, - the flame rushes from it a hundred meters up ... The crew climbed through the spare hatch ... Vanka

Lapshin led the machine-gun, - they are lying, twitching with their feet ... You understand, the way is clear for us. In five minutes we fly into the village. Then I just became dehydrated ... The fascists in every direction ... But - it's dirty, you know, - the other one will jump out of his boots and in some socks - porsk. They all run to the barn. Comrade lieutenant gives me the command: "Come on - move around the barn." We turned off the cannon, at full throttle I ran into the shed and ran over ... Fathers! The beams rumbled on the armor, boards, bricks, the Nazis who were sitting under the roof ... And I also ironed it, -

the rest of the hands up - and Hitler is kaput ...

This is how Lieutenant Yegor Dremov fought until misfortune happened to him.

During the Kursk massacre, when the Germans were already bleeding and trembling, his tank - on a hillock, in a wheat field - was hit by a shell, two of the crew were immediately killed, and the tank caught fire from the second shell. The driver Chuvilev, who jumped out through the front hatch, again climbed onto the armor and managed to get the lieutenant out - he was unconscious, his overalls were on fire. As soon as Chuvilev pulled the lieutenant away, the tank exploded with such force that the tower was thrown about fifty meters. Chuvilev threw handfuls of loose earth on the lieutenant's face, on his head, on his clothes in order to bring down the fire. Then I crawled with him from funnel to funnel to the dressing station ... "Why did I drag him then? -

chuvilev told, - I hear his heart is beating ... "

Yegor Dremov survived and did not even lose his sight, although his face was so charred that bones were visible in places. For eight months he was in the hospital, he underwent one after another plastic surgery, and restored his nose, lips, eyelids and ears. Eight months later, when the bandages were removed, he looked at his and now not his face. The nurse, who handed him a small mirror, turned away and began to cry. He immediately returned the mirror to her.

It can be worse, - he said, - you can live with it.

But he no longer asked the nurse for a mirror, only often felt his face, as if he was getting used to it. The commission found him fit for non-combatant service. Then he went to the general and said: "I ask your permission to return to the regiment." “But you’re an invalid,” said the general. "No, I am a freak, but this will not interfere with the matter, I will fully restore combat capability."

! [(The fact that the general during the conversation tried not to look at him, Yegor

Dremov noted and only smiled with purple lips, straight as a slit.) He received twenty days of leave to fully recover his health and went home to his father with his mother. It was in March this year.

At the station he thought to take a cart, but he had to walk eighteen miles. There was still snow all around, it was damp and deserted, a chilly wind blew the hem of his greatcoat, whistling in lonely longing in his ears. He came to the village when it was already dusk. Here is the well, the tall crane swayed and creaked. Hence the sixth hut - parental. He stopped suddenly with his hands in his pockets. He shook his head. I turned diagonally towards the house. Tied up knee-deep in the snow, bending over to the window, I saw my mother - in the dim light of the tilted lamp, over the table, she was getting ready to supper. All in the same dark shawl, quiet, unhurried, kind. She got old, her thin shoulders stuck out ... "Oh, I should know, - every day she would have to write at least two words about herself ..." I collected a simple thing on the table - a cup of milk, a piece of bread, two spoons, a salt shaker and thought standing in front of the table, his thin arms folded under his chest ... Yegor Dremov, looking out of the window at his mother, realized that it was impossible to frighten her, it was impossible for her old face to tremble desperately.

Okay! He opened the gate, entered the courtyard, and knocked on the porch. Mother answered outside the door: "Who is there?" He replied: "Lieutenant,

Hero of the Soviet Union Gromov ".

His heart pounded so hard - he leaned his shoulder against the lintel. No, his mother did not recognize his voice. He himself, as if for the first time, heard his voice, which changed after all the operations - hoarse, deaf, indistinct.

Father, what do you want? she asked.

Marya Polikarpovna brought a bow from her son, senior lieutenant

Then she opened the door and rushed to him, grabbed his hands:

Alive, my Yegor! Are you healthy? Father, go into the hut.

Yegor Dryomov sat down on the bench by the table in the very place where he sat when his legs still did not reach the floor and his mother would, after stroking his curly head, say: "Eat, Idiot." He began to talk about her son, about himself - in detail, how he eats, drinks, does not tolerate the need for anything, is always healthy, cheerful, and - briefly about the battles in which he took part with his tank.

Tell me - is it scary in the war? she interrupted, looking into his face with dark, unseeing eyes.

Yes, of course, scary, mother, but a habit.

His father came, Yegor Yegorovich, who also passed over the years, - his beard was showered like flour. Looking at the guest, he stomped on the threshold with his broken felt boots, slowly unwound his scarf, took off his sheepskin coat, walked over to the table, shook his hand - ah, it was a familiar, wide, fair parental hand! Without asking anything, because it was already clear

Why is there a guest in the orders, sat down and also began to listen, eyes half-closed.

The longer Lieutenant Dremov sat unrecognizable and talked about himself and not about himself, the more impossible it was for him to open up - to get up, to say: yes, you recognize me, you freak, mother, father! .. He felt good at his parents' table and hurt.

Well, let's have supper, mother, gather something for the guest. -

Yegor Yegorovich opened the door of an old cabinet, where there were fishhooks in a matchbox in the corner to the left - they lay there - and there was a teapot with a broken spout - it stood there, where it smelled of bread crumbs and onion husks. Yegor Yegorovich took out a bottle of wine - just two glasses, sighed that he couldn't get it anymore. We sat down to supper, as in previous years. It was only at dinner that Senior Lieutenant Dremov noticed that his mother was watching his hand with a spoon especially closely. He grinned, his mother looked up, her face trembled painfully.

We talked about this and that, what the spring will be like, and whether the people will cope with the sowing, and that this summer we must wait for the end of the war.

Why do you think, Yegor Yegorovich, that this summer we must wait for the end of the war?

The people got angry, - answered Yegor Yegorovich, - they crossed over death, now you can't stop him, the German is kaput.

Marya Polikarpovna asked:

You have not told when he will be given leave - to go to us on leave. I haven't seen him for three years, tea, he's grown up, he walks with a mustache ...

But when he comes - maybe you won't know, - said the lieutenant.

He was taken to sleep on the stove, where he remembered every brick, every crack in the log wall, every knot in the ceiling. It smelled of sheepskin, bread - that familiar comfort that is not forgotten even in the hour of death. The March wind whistled over the roof. Father snored behind the partition. Mother tossed and turned, sighed, did not sleep. The lieutenant was lying on his face, his face in the palm of his hand: "Really I didn’t admit it,” I thought, “didn’t it? Mom, Mom ..."

The next morning he was awakened by the crackling of wood, his mother carefully fiddled around the stove; his washed footcloths hung from an outstretched rope, and his washed boots stood by the door.

Do you eat millet pancakes? she asked.

He did not answer at once, got off the stove, put on his tunic, tightened his belt and -

barefoot - sat on the bench.

Tell me, Katya Malysheva and Andrey Stepanovich live in your village

Malysheva's daughter?

She graduated from courses last year, we have a teacher. Do you need to see her?

Your son asked me to bow to her without fail.

The mother sent a neighbor's girl for her. The lieutenant did not even have time to put on his shoes when Katya Malysheva came running. Her wide gray eyes glittered, her eyebrows flew up in amazement, and a joyful blush on her cheeks. When she threw the knitted shawl over her broad shoulders, the lieutenant even groaned to himself:

to kiss those warm blond hair! .. Only such a friend seemed to him - fresh, tender, cheerful, kind, beautiful so that she came in, and the whole hut became golden ...

Did you bring a bow from Yegor? (He stood with his back to the light and only bent his head because he could not speak.) And I am waiting for him day and night, so tell him ...

She came close to him. She looked, and as if she had been slightly hit in the chest, leaned back, frightened. Then he firmly decided to leave - today.

Mother baked millet pancakes with baked milk. He again talked about Lieutenant Dremov, this time about his military exploits, - he spoke cruelly and did not raise his eyes to Katya, so as not to see the reflections of his ugliness on her sweet face. Yegor Yegorovich was about to bother to get a collective farm horse, but he went to the station on foot as soon as he came. He was very depressed by everything that had happened, even, stopping, hitting his face with his palms, repeating in a hoarse voice: "What about now?"

He returned to his regiment, which was stationed deep in the rear on replenishment.

Fighting comrades greeted him with such sincere joy that something that did not allow him to sleep, eat, or breathe fell off his heart. I decided so - let the mother no longer know about his misfortune. As for Katya,

He will rip this splinter from his heart.

Two weeks later, a letter came from my mother:

"Hello, my beloved son. I'm afraid to write to you, I don't know what to think. We had one person from you - a very good person, only with a bad face. I wanted to live, but immediately packed up and left. Since then, son I don't sleep at night, - it seems to me that you came. Yegor Yegorovich scolds me for this, - absolutely, he says, you, old woman, have gone crazy: if he were our son -

would he not open up ... Why should he hide if it was him - such a person like this one who came to us should be proud. Yegor will persuade me

Yegorovich, and the mother's heart is all her own: oh this, he was with us! .. This man was asleep on the stove, I took his greatcoat out into the yard - to clean it, but I’ll fall to her, but I’ll cry - he is, this is his !. Yegorushka, write to me, for Christ's sake, if you think about me - what happened? Or really - I'm crazy ... "

Yegor Dremov showed this letter to me, Ivan Sudarev, and, telling his story, wiped his eyes with his sleeve. I told him: "Here, I say, the characters collided! You fool, you fool, write to your mother as soon as possible, ask her for forgiveness, do not drive her crazy ... She really needs your image! That is how she will love you even more."

On the same day he wrote a letter: "My dear parents, Marya

Polikarpovna and Yegor Yegorovich, forgive me for my ignorance, you really had me, your son ... "And so on, and so on - in four pages in small handwriting - he would have written on twenty pages - it would have been possible.

After some time, we are standing with him at the training ground, - the soldier comes running and - to Yegor Dremov: "Comrade captain, they are asking you ..." The expression of the soldier is this, although he stands in all shape, as if a man is going to drink. We went to the village, we approach the hut where Dremov and I lived. I see - he is not himself, - all coughs ... I think: "Tankman, tankman, but - nerves." We enter the hut, he is in front of me, and I hear:

“Mom, hello, it's me! ..” And I see - a little old woman fell on his chest. I look around, it turns out that there is another woman, I give you my word of honor, there are beauties somewhere else, she is not the only one, but personally I have not seen.

He tore his mother away from himself, approached this girl - and I already remembered that with all his heroic build it was the god of war. "Katya!" He says.

Katya, why did you come? You promised to wait for that, not for this ... "

The beautiful Katya answers him, - and although I went into the vestibule, I hear: "Egor, I am going to live with you forever. I will love you truly, I will love you very much ...

Don't send me away ... "

Yes, here they are, Russian characters! It seems that a person is simple, but a severe misfortune will come, in big or small, and a great power rises in him -

human beauty.

Alexey Tolstoy - RUSSIAN CHARACTER, read text

Alexey Tolstoy, "Russian character": analysis of the work

During the war, Alexei Tolstoy creates an amazing collection of "Stories by Ivan Sudarev", consisting of seven short stories. All of them are united by one theme - the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, one idea - admiration and admiration for the patriotism and heroism of the Russian people, and one main character, on whose behalf the story is being told. This is the veteran cavalryman Ivan Sudarev. The story "Russian character" becomes the last, completing the whole cycle. Alexey Tolstoy with his help summarizes what was said earlier. It is a kind of result of everything that was said before, all the reasoning and thoughts of the author about the Russian man, about the Russian soul, about the Russian character: beauty, depth and strength are not a "vessel in which there is emptiness", but "fire, flickering in a vessel ".

Theme and idea of \u200b\u200bthe story

From the first lines, the author indicates the topic of the story. Of course, we will talk about the Russian character. Quote from the work: "I just want to talk with you about the Russian character ..." And here we hear notes not that doubts, but rather regrets that the form of the work is so small and limited - a short story that does not correspond to the one chosen by the author scope. And the theme and the name are already very "meaningful". But there is nothing to do, because I want to talk ...

The ring composition of the story helps to clearly clarify the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work. Both at the beginning and at the end we read the author's reflections on beauty. What is beauty? Physical attractiveness is understandable to everyone, it is on the very surface, you just have to reach out. No, she does not care about the narrator. He sees beauty in something else - in the soul, in character, in actions. It is especially manifested in war, when death is constantly spinning around. Then they become, from a person “all kinds of nonsense, husk, like a skin that has died after a sunburn” peels off a person, and does not disappear, and only one thing remains - the core. It can be clearly seen in the protagonist - in the silent, calm, strict Yegor Dremov, in his elderly parents, in the beautiful and faithful bride Katerina, in the tank driver Chuvilov.

Exposure and setting

The story is set in the spring of 1944. The war of liberation against the fascist invaders is in full swing. But she is not a character, but rather a background, dark and stern, but so clearly and vividly showing the amazing colors of love, kindness, friendship and beauty.

The exposition provides brief information about the main character of the story - Yegor Dremov. He was a simple, modest, quiet, reserved person. He spoke little, especially did not like to "rant" about military exploits and hesitated to talk about love. He only once casually mentioned his fiancee - a good and faithful girl. From this point on, you can begin to describe the summary of Tolstoy's "Russian character". It is noteworthy here that Ivan Suzdalev, on whose behalf the story is being told, met Yegor after his terrible injury and plastic surgeries, but in his description there is not a single word about the physical disabilities of his comrade. On the contrary, he sees only beauty, "spiritual affection", he looks at them when he jumps from the armor to the ground - "the god of war."

We continue to reveal a summary of Tolstoy's "Russian character". The plot of the plot - this is a terrible wound of Yegor Dremov during the battle, his face was almost planted, and even bones were visible in places, but he survived. His eyelids, lips, nose were restored, but it was already a completely different face.

Climax

The culminating scene is the arrival of a brave warrior home on vacation after the hospital. A date with his father and mother, with the bride - with the closest people in his life, turned out not to be a long-awaited joy, but to bitter inner loneliness. He could not, did not dare to admit to his old parents that the man standing in front of them with a disfigured appearance and a strange voice was their son. It is impossible for the mother's old face to tremble desperately. However, in him there was a glimmer of hope that his father and mother would recognize him themselves, would guess without explanation who had come to them, and then this invisible barrier would be broken. But that did not happen. It cannot be said that Maria Polikarpovna's mother's heart felt nothing at all. His hand with a spoon while eating, his movements - these seemingly minute details did not escape her gaze, but she still did not guess. And here is also Katerina, Yegor's bride, not only did not recognize him, but at the sight of a terrible face-mask she leaned back and was frightened. This was the last straw, and he left his father's house the next day. Of course, there was resentment, and disappointment, and despair in him, but he decided to sacrifice his feelings - it is better to leave, to fence himself off, so as not to frighten his loved ones. The summary of Tolstoy's "Russian character" does not end there.

Decoupling and conclusion

One of the main features of the Russian character, the Russian soul, is sacrificial love. It is she who is the true, unconditional feeling. They love not for something and not for the sake of something. This is an irresistible, unconscious need to be always close to a person, take care of him, help him, sympathize with him, breathe with him. And the word "near" is not measured by physical quantities, it means an intangible, thin, but incredibly strong spiritual thread between people who love each other.

Mother, after Yegor's early departure, could not find a place for herself. She guessed that this man with a disfigured face was her beloved son. The father doubted, but still said that if that visiting soldier was really his son, then here one should not be ashamed, but proud. This means that he truly defended his homeland. Mother writes him a letter to the front and asks not to torment him and tell the truth as it is. Moved, he confesses to the deception and asks for forgiveness ... After some time, both his mother and the bride come to his regiment. Mutual forgiveness, love without unnecessary words and fidelity - this is a happy ending, here they are, Russian characters. As they say, a person is seemingly simple in appearance, there is nothing remarkable about him, but trouble will come, severe days will come, and a great power immediately rises in him - human beauty.

In the story "Russian character" A.N. Tolstoy described one of the episodes of the Great Patriotic War. There was still a whole year before victory.

The story is not about the military feat of tanker Yegor Dremov, but about his relationship with his parents and fiancée. The Russian character in this work is made up of the individual traits of the characters of all the heroes, major and minor.

The main character is Yegor Dremov, a tank commander who received severe burns in the battle on the Kursk Bulge. He is rescued from a burning tank by a driver who himself was wounded, but pulled out the commander, who had lost consciousness. Thus, the driver of the tank Chuvilev (this minor character will once again appear in the story to describe the military exploits of the tank crew under the command of Yegor Dremov) at a dangerous moment thinks not only about his own life, but, risking himself, saves a comrade in arms. In his conscientiousness, one can see a character trait that is highly valued by Russians.

Yegor Dremov shows a Russian character both in battle and in relations with his parents and fiancée. Arriving home on vacation after being injured, he felt sorry for his old parents, he was afraid to upset them. It seemed to Yegor that his ugly face would frighten them: after all, it had become a lifeless mask, and only his eyes remained the same. Thus, the character of the protagonist manifested modesty, restraint, even sacrifice, which Russian people value: a real person cares least of all about himself, but above all he thinks about his loved ones, about their happiness.

Yegor Dremov was wrong, thinking that he was sparing his parents when he did not admit that he was their son. His parents are already happy that their son is alive - after all, everyone around receives a "funeral" from the front. Yegor Yegorovich and Maria Polikarpovna love their son not for his appearance, but because he is a son. Of course, the old people are proud that their Yegor is a hero, but above all they value in him not beauty, but courage and honesty. Here another feature of the Russian character is manifested - the main attention is paid not to appearance, but to mental qualities. After all, the soldier's burnt face testifies to the fact that he took part in terrible battles and did not spare himself, defending his homeland. Such a person evokes respect and admiration in Russians, despite the outward ugliness. Therefore, Father Yegor Yegorovich believes that such a face as the front-line soldier who came to them "should be proud." This idea is formulated by the elder Dremov, a Russian himself.

Ivan Sudarev, a friend of Yegor and a benevolent storyteller, himself has a Russian character, reasonable, restrained, thoughtful. He evaluates the actions of all the characters who appear in the little story, and notes the different facets of the Russian character in each character.

This portrayal of national character distinguishes Tolstoy's story from the works of other Soviet authors who wrote about the war. For example, AT Tvardovsky in the poem "Vasily Turkin" concentrates the features of the Russian character in one main character.

According to artistic principles - the conflict between the good and the best and edification (instructive) - "Russian character" should be attributed to the leading direction of Soviet literature - socialist realism. In the story, the conflict between Yegor Dremov and his family is far-fetched, because it exists only in the head of the modest protagonist, but in fact, the characters in the story are each better and nobler than the other. The instructiveness of the "Russian character" was expressed in the fact that through Ivan Sudarev, who assesses all the characters in the work, the writer teaches: just like Yegor Dremov, a Soviet soldier should behave; exactly as his parents and fiancée should be done by the soldier's relatives. At the end of the story, the author tells the reader how to correctly understand the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work: “Yes, here they are, Russian characters! It seems that a person is simple, but a severe misfortune will come, in large or small, and a great power will rise in him - human beauty. " So, the story about Yegor Dremov ended happily. There could be no other ending, given that all her characters have noble characters. During a terrible war, such a story becomes necessary: \u200b\u200bit gives hope, saves from despair, and therefore the "Russian character", one might say, reflects the perception of the war era and in this sense becomes a monument to the era.

Isakovsky's poem "Enemies burned down his native hut" (1945) depicts the return of the victorious soldier to his native ashes: all his relatives died during the German occupation, the long-awaited meeting with his relatives turned into a commemoration at his wife's grave.

Another tragic situation is described by MASholokhov in the story "The Fate of a Man" (1956). Returning to his hometown after the Nazi captivity. Andrei Sokolov learns that a German bomb hit his house when his wife and two teenage daughters were there. As a result, the beloved relatives of the protagonist do not even have graves - in the place of the house there is a funnel with rusty water.

It is impossible to equate an entire nation with one, even the correct model. A dramatic version of the meeting of a soldier with his family is presented in the story of A.P. Platonov "The Return" (1946). After the victory, Captain Alexei Alekseevich Ivanov arrives in his hometown, where his wife Lyuba, eleven-year-old son Petrushka and five-year-old daughter Nastya are waiting for him. On the very first evening at dinner, the victorious warrior demands from his wife an account of how she lived without him. The writer does not talk about Ivanov at the front, although his orders and medals testify to military exploits. But the author describes in detail the life of the Ivanov family in the rear: Lyuba worked at a brick factory all four years of the war, took care of two small children, was constantly worried about her husband at the front and, in order to escape from everyday melancholy, once succumbed to the tenderness of some trade union instructor ... Captain Ivanov cannot forgive his wife for this, although he easily forgives such liberties: he himself, a couple of days ago, on his way home, stayed at a friend of the frontline soldier Masha. The ending of the story about Yegor Dremov is a foregone conclusion, given the wonderful Russian characters of all the characters in this story. What will the imperfect Platonic hero do? Outraged and offended by Lyuba's confession, Alexei wants to go to Masha the next morning, but when he saw his children Petrushka and Nastya running towards the train from the window of the car, he suddenly softens his soul and gets off the train: yesterday he assessed his family circumstances from the point of view of “pride and self-interest, "and now I understood them with a naked heart." There is no teaching in Platonov's story, and the happy ending is explained not by Ivanov's exemplary nobility, but by the feelings of a normal person - love for his family. Therefore, the story "Return" is closer to life than "Russian character": Plato's story shows the real world as complex as it is, and not as correct as it should be, according to the writer A. N. Tolstoy.