Sooner or later the need for public speaking falls upon each of us. This may be just a speech at a meeting of his own team, but for an unprepared, timid and insecure person, even such an unofficial appearance in public can turn into hell.

The art of verbal improvisation is achieved by great practice. They say that Bernard Shaw, having failed the first attempt to speak in front of an audience, joined the Fabian Society, where he used every opportunity to give a speech until he was able to speak easily and freely. Many speakers deliberately stumble and make mistakes so that their presentation sounds more natural and relaxed. One who speaks too confidently sometimes risks losing the audience’s favor. Obviously, this is due to the fact that each listener mentally puts himself in the place of the speaker and painfully experiences his own awkwardness and confusion, which could arise under such circumstances. That is why too self-confident and lively start of speech often causes hostility of the audience.

Do not do it start a performance directly from the substance of the matter, because the audience takes a few minutes to get used to. Listeners must adapt to your appearance, tone of voice, manner of behavior, which is why few people perceive the first words that you pronounce. That is why, and not at all because of the usual inexpressiveness of traditional principles, it is so difficult to immediately grab the attention of the audience. It is for this reason that experienced speakers spend the first few minutes thanking the chairman who announced their statement.

Then follows “Mr. Chairman, distinguished guests (if any), ladies and gentlemen!” Here, some speakers like to insert a joke or anecdote that is not directly related to the topic of the speech. Thus they carry out a kind of intelligence. But since the audience rarely grasps the meaning of this joke and laughs purely automatically, it seems more successful start with a brief introduction allowing then to smoothly go directly to the essence of the problem. To make this transition more logical, you can, for example, in advance outline a short speech plan.

There is another very winning entry option From the very beginning, clearly outline the topic of your speech and list the main points that you are going to prove or develop. However, do not drag out this part of the speech so that the audience does not get bored. And remember the basic rule never DO NOT APOLOGIZE for the fact that they are not ready, for the fact that they are not competent enough, for the fact that they generally took the floor. It is hoped that your fears will not materialize. Be humble, but try not to inspire the public with the feeling that you were forced to speak, and the chairman gave you the floor because he does not respect the audience enough.

Particularly inexpressive is the speech replete with traditional cliched cliches: “Theme of my speech”, “With a sense of deep satisfaction”, “In conclusion, I would like to note”, etc. With the development of radio and television, we no longer hold old-fashioned oratory receptions. The more natural your voice sounds, the simpler your language and manner of behavior, the more confidence in you.

In the case when a microphone is installed in the hall, you should pay attention to how it was used by the one who introduced you to the public. However, as a rule, the microphone is pre-configured, and the speaker is warned how loudly he should speak. A sophisticated speaker knows that, thanks to modern technology, one should not raise one’s voice to highlight one or another thought, as it had to do before. He also knows that you need to avoid unnecessary movements and all the time to speak directly into the microphone without touching it. Often, trying to capture the whole audience, the speaker turns his head to the right, then to the left and speaks past the microphone. If you want to raise your voice, spare the eardrums of your listeners and take a step back. By the way, it is often possible to achieve a greater effect not by increasing, but by lowering the voice almost to a whisper. Skillful and appropriate application of this technique will make the audience literally catch every word you say.

Do not be embarrassed if during the performance you need to clear your throatsneeze or blow your nose. Treat this as a natural manifestation of human needs, which, among other things, will allow you to make a very appropriate pause. Of course, you should turn away, especially when a microphone is installed in front of you, and apologize if you want to sneeze or cough. If you need to blow your nose or take a sip of water, no apology is required. Some skillful speakers specifically resort to water to escalate tension before any dramatic statement or attack. For example: “And now I will tell you something that can cause tears of everyone present in this room ...” (a sip of water).

If you really want the audience to listen to you, never read a piece of paper. Sometimes it’s enough to have before the eyes a written version of the speech and remember its main points and key phrases. But verbatim reading out a speech (unless you are on the radio, where reading is implied) means the inevitable loss of an audience. Even if your reading is flawless, listeners will not be able to concentrate their attention and will soon get bored. It is much more convenient to write a summary of the speech on small cards that can easily fit in your palm, which will create the impression of a relaxed presentation of thoughts.

Many good speakers nevertheless use a written speech, mainly so as not to lose the thread of speech. This applies mainly to scientific or political reports. But even then they must from time to time take their eyes off the text in order to at least create the appearance of improvisation.

Some speakers get lost in front of an audienceTherefore, they prefer to pre-select someone in the hall - often a friend - and during the whole speech they turn to him. Of course, this is convenient for the speaker, but in order to introduce some variety, it is better to choose several people in different parts of the hall and alternately look at each of them.

Relevant joke or joke liberate not only the audience, but also the speaker himself, especially when it is difficult for him to start a speech. But it is better to omit them if they are told clumsily or awkwardly, and by itself when they have nothing to do with the substance of the matter. Otherwise, the listeners may be so puzzled by what they heard that throughout your speech they will puzzle over how to connect this digression with the main topic, and will miss everything that you wanted to convey to them, And in general, when you say, remember what very many people generally do not perceive information well by ear, which is why it is necessary to repeat the same idea several times in different formulations.

Also use every opportunity to illustrate your words with the help of drawings, graphs, film slides. You can sketch it yourself, show some exhibit or apply other technical means. This technique, among other things, deprives the performance of uniformity and is beneficial both to the public and to you. In the case of using slides or films, to draw the attention of the public to this or that detail, use a light pointer.

Performance loses a lotif its final part is too long or, on the contrary, is crumpled.

It is best in advance, say a few minutes before the end of the speech, to make it clear to the public that the speech is coming to an end. For example, you can say a few words of gratitude: “I thank you for the opportunity to speak, and although this topic could be further developed, I give the podium to the next speaker, whom we will listen with great interest,” etc. Conclusions or conclusions follow, and finally, the conclusion itself. Most importantly, never say without proper preparation: “That's all” or “That's all I wanted to say.” The speech should end with words that the listener will carry away with him, or with a striking example that will reflect, at least in part, the essence of everything said. Remember good speech encourages action.

Often the keynote speaker leaves the room immediately after the speech (he may rush to the train or on some other matter), but in this case, the presiding officer should, if possible, prepare the audience in advance for such a quick departure of the speaker, for example, when he thanks his speech. Expressing gratitude to the speaker, the Chairperson should repeat his name completely for those who did not hear him earlier or who were late.

In any other case, decency requires at least a semblance of interest in subsequent performances, if any, and will certainly linger after the meeting to accept congratulations or answer questions.

I’m perfecting my public speaking skills, because I feel that it’s mine and that’s what I missed. And I began with the fact that I went to the course in the "New Speech" to Dmitry Makeev and began speaking in Oratory club (aka: OK). Due to the fact that speaking in OK is necessary on the topic of rhetoric, I decided to start from the beginning and talk about how to start my speech. Below is the text of my first speech (as it is), who are interested, take it into service.

Good evening everyone, my name is Oksana Gafaiti, I’m a blogger and a private investor in life, and today I’m a presenter in a public speaking club, which I’m very happy about. And in the next 30 minutes I will share with you where to start my speech. And it should begin with what? Correct: with preparation.

Moreover, it is important to prepare not only the text of the speech, but also oneself. What does preparing yourself mean? This means: bring yourself into balance, relieve tension and stress, warm up your voice and work on diction. Let's write it this way:

Relieve stress.
Warm up the voice.
Work on diction.

And go through each item.

1. How to relieve stress

Emotional tension always manifests itself in the body and it is easiest to eliminate it by working specifically with the body. By removing the body clip, you will be free from the emotions that bind you inside. How to do it? Alternating tension and relaxation in the body. For example, you can stand in such a stance, breathe in and tighten your whole body as much as possible, and then, exhaling slowly, gradually relax it. You will feel the tension disappear as you exhale. Let's try to do it right now.

If you have inner fear, then you need to shake like that with all your might from fear, then relax, repeating this several times. Well, my favorite remedy is shoulder massage. Stand now one after another, put your hands on the shoulders of a neighbor and begin to stretch them. Now switch places and give pleasure to the one who massaged you. Did you feel a surge of calm and relaxation? Fine, then move on.

2. How to warm up your voice

Before you start warming up your voice, you need to stretch your vocal cords. To do this, gently press the larynx with your thumb, and then deeply breathe aperture. How to understand that you are breathing a diaphragm? Put your hand between your chest and stomach, then take a short breath and exhale slowly. This is similar to when we, having experienced relief, exhale relaxedly “fuuuf”.

By the way, such breathing is an effective technique for eliminating excitement. As soon as you feel fear or tension, take a short breath, then exhale smoothly and it will become much easier for you.

Now we can proceed to warm up the voice. Where can I start here? For example, with om exercises.In order to make it, put your hand on your head and begin to utter continuously the sound of Ohms. Try to maximize the volume of the larynx until you feel vibration in your hand.

Good also pull vowels “and”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u” (in that order and as long as possible). Their alternate utilization activates blood circulation in the neck and chest. You can enhance the effect of stretching vowels if you add here exercise "Tarzan" and start punching yourself in the chest. This will not only cleanse the bronchi, but also energize you before the performance.

Thus, breathing a diaphragm, you fill the voice with volume and strength, and by stretching the vowels, you improve its sound. However, how you sound depends a lot on how you deal with diction. Therefore, we proceed to work on the clarity of speech.

3. How to improve diction

The easiest and most effective way to improve diction and give clarity of speech is well known to us since childhood. These are all kinds of tongue twisters. However, as speakers, it’s important for us to be able to pronounce them in one go. For example, I like these:

Margarita collected daisies on the grass. Lost Margarita daisies, but not all.

Queen Clara strictly punished Karl for stealing coral.

The bull is blunt, the blunt goby, the bull had a white lip.

Tell us about your purchases. About what about purchases? About purchases, about purchases, about their little purchases.

The king is an eagle (you need to repeat it quickly several times).

Stranded, we lazily caught a burbot,
You changed the burbot to me on a tench.
Didn’t you kindly pray for love about love,
And into the mists of the estuary lured me?

Next, stretch the speech apparatus. To do this, you can move the lower jaw, like a shelf, pushing it forward and back, and also, stretching out your lips, rotate them clockwise and counterclockwise. You can improve the mobility of the tongue by sticking it out and moving it up and down, then to the sides and in a circle, as well as "brushing" their teeth inside and out.

Sowaybeforethe beginningperformancesnecessary:

Remove the excitement by working on the body and breathing in the diaphragm.
Preheat the voice by stretching the vocal cords and pulling the vowels.
Work on diction with the help of tongue twisters and warm-up of the vocal apparatus.

Where to start your speech

Now we turn directly to where to start our speech. And the techniques of the best TED speakers will help us in this. TED is a popular annual conference bringing together people who want to share their ideas. And so, with what they most often begin their performance.

Leading in popularity story telling from personal experience. If you can sincerely tell your story, then this is a proven way to engage the audience and lead it along.

The next most popular TED trick is to get started with what to do. shocking statement. Typically, such statements are based on statistics or the results of recent studies and may express your attitude towards them. For example, it may look like this: “Every 6 seconds in the world, 1 person dies due to smoking. During my speech, their number will exceed 200 people. For me, these are terrible numbers, and I am here to reduce their number. ” The purpose of this technique is to evoke an emotional response from the audience and address its needs, in particular, in safety, health, love, communication, etc.

And the third most common way to get started is ask a Question. If you decide to lean toward him, then ask a question starting with “How” or “Why.” For example: “How to make sure that food does not kill you?” At the same time, do not mix these two questions and ask questions that are not interconnected in meaning. For example: “Why is the sky blue?” And “Why are elephants afraid of mice?”. In order to increase the effectiveness of the question, make it more targeted using the appeal “you”.

Now we have in our arsenal the fighting techniques of TED speakers. Let us write them down. So, starting their presentation, they are most often:

They tell a story from personal experience.
They make shocking statements.
Ask discouraging questions.

And now I suggest that you feel like a speaker at the TED conference and, having chosen one of these techniques, practice to start your speech. The duration of your speech should be no more than a minute, you also have one minute to prepare. The time has gone. Who is ready, please come out.

As a bonus

As a bonus, one more trick from TED speakers and something you should not start your speech with.

Receptionreferences.

The essence of this technique is that you can refer to the previous speaker or thought expressed in one of the speeches. You can also contact the audience and ask her to present something. This will add liveliness to the performance and will be a bridge between you and your listeners.

Notis worthstart offhisspeech:

With quotes - this is a cliche, even if it is directly related to the topic of the speech. For the same reason, one should not start with a joke.
Thanks: if you want to thank the audience, do it at the end.
From the words “Before I begin”: you have already begun.

Oksana Gafaiti,
The first Russian woman to trade America.

Many speakers have a problem - how to start a performance so that you will immediately like it? How to appear on stage? How to get up to make it look natural? How to immediately gain public confidence? Where to begin? How to make a favorable first impression? It is known that we will never have a second chance to make a first impression - therefore, it is important to use the first and only chance. There are patterns of impression and perception, which should take into account any person who appears in the spotlight. There is an important observation, verified many times by experienced speakers:

AFTER YOU SAID “HELLO”, YOU SAY 70 PERCENT OF YOUR SPEECH!

And after the greeting, you will only complement the already existing impression of your personality. In psychology, there is the concept of "imprinting" - that is, "imprinting" the image of a person in the minds of the public. If the first impression is positive - it starts to work for you as a “train”, all your words will be reinforced in a positive way in the minds of the audience. If it’s negative, a negative "train" will work against you, subconsciously the audience will already be skeptical.

The author has repeatedly witnessed situations where competent, intelligent, knowledgeable people could not make a convincing first impression and frankly failed their speech. There was only one reason for the failure - an unsuccessful start, a weak first impression, which could no longer be fixed. As a result, even potentially powerful and meaningful speeches and presentations did not reach their goal, or even a speaker became a laughing stock in the eyes of the public.

And vice versa. The author has observed many times how, after a successful start, backed up by a further presentation, the audience changed their attitude towards people. He becomes a demigod. Well, if not a demigod, then at least a man much more respected! What causes this effect? Due to the fact that the significance or psychological weight of a person becomes much higher in our eyes when we see that he has some kind of skill, talent, rare skill. When we see how the master works, we are as if present at the birth of a small miracle. But is a beautiful, convincing, captivating, entertaining public performance not a miracle and not a masterpiece? Without a doubt, speech is a small (or large) miracle, comparable to the miracle of creating music before our eyes, the miracle of acting reincarnation or the birth of a masterpiece.

So how do you make a strong and convincing first impression? What are the patterns of perception? What should happen at the very beginning of the performance? Let's read the title again. In the expression "public performance" some double meaning is concluded. The first meaning, direct and literal, comes from the word “put” or “stand” - where and in what position to put oneself, what position of the body to take? And often this is a problem for a speaker who does not know what place to take on the stage, in the hall, how to get up, how to sit down, what to do with his legs and where to put his hands on? And the second meaning is figurative. There is such a stable phrase in our language - "he put himself in a team." What is meant? That this person has earned respect, authority, position in the unspoken rank hierarchy of the team. If the speaker is a new person for the audience, he must earn respect. Right away! The speaker has little time for buildup! And even if the speaker is known, the situation on the stage requires a special role. And in this role - he is still a new person to the public.

In this case, the first and second meaning of the phrase "statement in public" are closely related. The first impression made by us on the audience greatly depends on the location in the hall and the posture. And from the first impression, as a consequence, the further attitude of the audience towards you depends on the sympathy and trust in your words, or cold neutrality and a desire to argue. And our task, of course, at the expense of our knowledge and skill to achieve the most convincing first impression.

Credit of trust from the scene.This is an important phenomenon that the speaker must use. The mere knowledge of this credit of trust should add confidence to you as a speaker! The stage or any place of performance gives not only a test of strength for the speaker, but also carries some initial positive effect for the speaker. The main place gives a certain credit of trust and respect to the speaker from the public. The scene raises a person not only physically, but also psychologically, in the eyes of the audience. We are ready to listen to the person who entered the stage, only because he took this central, main place. You may have noticed from your own experience that when you sit in the hall and a person enters the stage, he automatically causes a certain “silence” of the audience and an initial amount of respect. And this is only due to the fact that he appeared in this main place. This effect of the initial credit of trust and respect comes from somewhere from subconscious childhood. When we were schoolchildren, a teacher entered the classroom, she occupied the main place - and we automatically began to respect, listen and be afraid. And those who forgot to do this were reminded of who is in charge here. Moreover, the entire educational system consolidated this effect in institutes, schools, academies, and then at work. The main one is who is on the stage! We learned this with the milk of all our “alma mothers”. And it remains in our subconscious. We do not always know who and why entrusted the scene to a person, but since he is entrusted to him, that’s the way it is! So, he has the right to stand in front of us and inspire us with his thoughts! Initially, the stage gives the speaker some power over the minds of people, and people are ready for this - after all, it is the speaker who is on the stage, and they are sitting in the hall. After all, it is the speaker who is entrusted with broadcasting to the public!

The initial credit of trust and respect is a regularity, but, of course, it does not exclude that there may be people in the hall who are even against you, who came to specially disrupt the speech or mock. How to neutralize them is a separate issue. And it is important to know and use the regularity of the initial credit of trust - that is, to increase, and not to devalue by this behavior, this credit of respect from the audience.

The rule of seven seconds.How long does the first impression form? This is not hours, not tens of minutes or even minutes. Psychologists estimate that the first impression is formed only first seven seconds the appearance of man in front of people, and then only fixed. And we already know that the first impression is always the same. Of course, theoretically you can try to smooth and fix, but it is very difficult. The first impression is similar to a print of a patch on still wet soft cement or a shoe trace on fresh asphalt - it hardens and hardens for centuries. When a person appears on the stage in the minds of the audience, in the brain, our image begins to take shape, an idea of \u200b\u200bus, or, as I say, a new “file” that did not exist before. And we form this file ourselves by our behavior in this short time. Seven seconds later, people think that they understood a lot about us. Seven seconds later, viewers think that they have already read us. By this time, the viewer had already rated the speaker and concluded: interesting - uninteresting, cute or not, like - not like, smart - stupid, sexy - non-sexual. In reality, our personality may not correspond at all to this image in consciousness, but this idea is born as a result of our behavior and will be judged by it. At the same time, listeners may not know anything at all about either the first impression or the image formation, all this works against their will, that is, subconsciously, in addition to consciousness, not obeying a conscious decision. This effect works not only for a public oratory case, but also for personal communication. Surely you once felt on yourself that if a person didn’t like it when they met, it carries a trail with an imprint on its further relation to it. And vice versa, if you immediately liked it, located it, then you want to continue to communicate with him and get closer.

They say that there is even love the first time.

The results of the following psychological research are indicative. Employers, bosses, personnel officers were interviewed with one question - when, at what point do you make an internal decision for yourself whether or not to hire a person? And according to statistics, an interesting result was obtained. Most employers came to the conclusion that this internal decision matured in them within only the first minute. And what, one wonders, does the employer do in the next twenty minutes of the interview? Correctly. He convinces himself that the decision is right. And then, if you liked the person, the boss skips the minuses and exaggerates the pros, does not pay attention to the shortcomings and eagerly catches the virtues. Let not seven seconds, but a minute, but in any case, this is a very short period of time.

Were you students Remember, the same impact of first impressions is often seen on exams. If the student immediately made a positive, pleasant impression, the professor begins to drag him: ask good questions, exclude difficult questions, ignore weak answers, forgive mistakes, help formulate, suggest, give a new chance. And if you didn’t like it at once, then it’s a trumpet. The professor will in every possible way stoke with harmful questions, look for errors, miss the good, and at the first opportunity send for retake. And all this also happens subconsciously, the boss, as well as the professor, are not aware of this effect, they can be said to be captured by the first impression, which controls their attitude and actions.

When does a public appearance start? That's right, when the formation of the first impression went, and not when you open your mouth! When do these seven seconds begin? When a speaker appears in the public eye, and not when he starts talking! When you get up from your seat in the hall and begin to go on stage - seven seconds have already begun. When you step out of the wings, the impression automatically begins to take shape. Walk along the aisle in the hall - you are already in the field of attention. The attention of the public automatically responds to moving and new objects - and the whole audience will turn your head to you - “okay, well, who will it be speaking here now, this one, well, come on, come on, let's see now, what are you worth ... ”All viewers involuntarily begin to evaluate you - what is it, who is it, how is it going, how is it moving, where is it going? Therefore, remember - the performance begins with getting up from the spot or the appearance of your nose tip from behind the curtains!

No kitchen!We will examine the typical mistakes of an inexperienced speaker. I have seen the following picture many times. The speaker, believing that the speech has not yet begun, gets up, goes to the stage, straightening his clothes along the road, shrugging his shoulders, fastening, fastening, scratching the back of his head, rubbing his chin and combing his hair with five. Then he quickly wipes his nose, well, if with a handkerchief, pulls off his clothes on the go and almost fastens his trousers. By the time he gets to the place, we can assume that the performance has already ended. What is your impression of these seven seconds? Any such fuss works against the speaker. People in the hall should not see any “kitchen” and no preparations.

Imagine if we see the president’s preparations for a solemn speech for the New Year - how he is put on, reminded, tinted, repeated a text in his ear, given instructions, pulled, fastened and combed? We will be disappointed, this reduces the importance of the person.

Therefore - no kitchen in public, you should already be absolutely “OK”, without signs that you may have something wrong.

Host Behavior. In this capacious word - the Master - all the strongest qualities of a person are contained: confidence, independence from the opinions of others, inner strength, absolute psychological comfort, no matter what. As well as leisureliness, admissible impersonality, lack of fuss. Such behavior is associated with power, reliability, courage, leadership, with a leader and even a leader. A confident and internally strong person arouses respect, people unwittingly obey him, the impression of him is strong, his words have special significance.

If you want success, you should look as if you already have it. (Ancient aphorism.)

Unfortunately, the public makes the speaker do everything faster and provokes him to fuss, due to the discomfort and psychological pressure that she creates by the very fact of presence. What is the cause of the fuss? The fact that when we experience unpleasant and uncomfortable sensations, of course, I want to get rid of them quickly. And how to do it on stage? To run away, we understand, is impossible. But then you can quickly deal with your number and get out of the scene out of sight. Therefore, I recommend that the participants of the trainings, on the contrary, move in public a little more slowly, slowly, as if slightly slowing down (according to their feelings), and then the fuss will be compensated and there will be a middle ground.

Entering the stage. Hence the conclusion. We go on stage confidently and calmly, with the view of the Master and absolutely independently - as if there was nobody in the hall. Avoid one more typical mistake - communication on the go. This is when the speaker communicates with the audience, not even reaching the place of speech, with the help of smiles in the hall, cheerful greetings, waving the hall with his hand, addressing old friends and shouting. It looks like a burning desire to gain confidence in a cheap way, the audience will like it and immediately demonstrates its dependence on it. Such coquetry will not cause respect among the public, it immediately becomes clear that the person really wants to like it. On the contrary, the Master’s behavior arouses respect - absolute confidence, independence from the audience, the fact that the speaker does not seek to get cheap bonuses, shows restraint and composure, and does not start talking earlier than necessary. No flirting!

IF A MAN SPECIALLY DOESN’T WANT TO LIKE - HE LIKES MORE!

Paradoxically, it is. Because we respect strong people and admire confident people. At this moment, such a person becomes in our eyes a leader, a leader and even a leader.

It is important to know that it is advisable not to go through the center of the hall, because in these seven seconds you will show your ... your back, which is not entirely right for the first impression. It is better to go out as if from the side, going through one of the flanks of the scene. Ideally, it is advisable to get out of the wings and hide there after the performance, but the curtains are now preserved only in theaters. During a confident walk, we look only ahead, evaluating how to get to the main place. The main place is always located on the central axis of the hall and at a convenient distance from the front rows, not too far, but not too close - without leaning on the front rows.

We occupy a central place. It will be a mistake to start talking somewhere on the side, not in the center of the stage. Especially, it often happens when a speech is short and speaking internally for itself, it justifies a short time for speech. What does he broadcast in the hall in this case? He makes the audience such a non-verbal message - excuse me, I’m standing at the edge, forgive me, for a while, I accidentally stopped by here, nothing that distracts you ...? And this is not the Master - but the little man ... The master is always worthy of the main place. Therefore, do not devalue yourself with a speech from the edge, but boldly look for the main place worthy of you!

In addition to the central location, the main place must satisfy the "ninety degree rule". That is, the angle of fire, or the sector of audience coverage, should be approximately 90 degrees, if you extend, standing in the center, your hands along the flanks of the audience. If you get too close, the viewing angle will be already under 180 degrees, and in this case, the side viewers will fall out of your influence, and in the front row they will get too tense. If too far, the angle will be 45 degrees and the distance for the performance will be too far and uncomfortable. Having found the main place with a glance while walking calmly on the stage, we boldly occupy it, as befits the Master, we turn to the hall and fix ourselves on it.

How to get up at this moment?To get up now in the literal sense of the word - what position should I take, what is the position of the body, arms, legs should be for the best perception of the speaker?

Typical mistakes of inexperienced speakers. The speaker comes out and becomes in a pose with his hands behind his back. The impression that his hands are tied behind his back, but he still can not be silent. The feeling of being closed, stiff, gesturing will not work. There is also the impression that a person is hiding something there. The stone, for example, did not fit in the bosom, but now it’s enough ... If the viewer does not see his hand, the appearance of the speaker is subconsciously associated with a certain danger. Do you know how a handshake gesture was born? In the Middle Ages, this gesture did not exist yet, and when the warriors met on the same path, from a distance they showed each other the right hand. This meant - I do not have a weapon in my hand, and I go with good intentions. Gradually, this gesture was transformed into a handshake when drawing closer. Therefore, people should see the speaker’s hands in order to prevent him from feeling threatened.

Do you know how a hug gesture was born with a friendly pat on the back? Hello dear, how many years, how many winters ... !!! The warriors converged and clapped each other in mutual embrace on the subject of undeclared weapons behind their backs. The meaning has already been forgotten, but the tradition has remained.

Another mistake. The speaker comes out and becomes in a pose with arms crossed on his chest in the pose of Napoleon. This position of the speaker will again be subconsciously perceived as an underlined demonstration of superiority. This is also the pose of a harmful teacher:

- Well, well, young man, give us your record, still don’t hand over ...

It is clear that this is also not optimal for public perception.

Another common mistake. The speaker’s arms are crossed not at the back, but at the front below the waist - “footballer’s pose”. It also reads constraint, closeness, plus only the lazy will not ask himself what he is protecting there. These are not the associations that should be immediately born from the audience.

And one more mistake. Hands in pockets. It looks absolutely vulgar, and for a business audience it is a gross violation of etiquette, after which the speaker will simply fall in the eyes of the public. And if you speak at the president’s reception in this way, you will never be invited to him again. Even worse, if the hands are in the pockets of trousers, not a jacket. Sometimes the speaker, not knowing where to put his hands from excitement, hides them in his pockets, thinking that he had at least solved this problem, and now no one will notice his fussing hands. No matter how! Fussy hands are even more noticeable in pockets. Especially if they continue to play there with keys, key chains, and other items. Any moving object attracts much more attention - and the whole audience will be fascinated to look only at the bottom of the speaker’s body, having lost interest in everything else. And this, of course, is also not the impression in which the speaker should be interested.

For the same reason, you should not take with you objects that you want to take for complacency - notebooks, cribs, notes on sheets, and just in case - pens, felt-tip pens, markers. All objects in the hands visually enhance the trembling and playing hands. The exception is if the speech or the report is so voluminous that you can’t do without the notes, but then you can take them and put them next to the chair, table, tribune and peep, and if it is impossible in another way, read the text.

So in what position is it optimal to start and conduct a speech, where should your hands be and what to do on stage?

Speaker's main stand

This is the main speaker’s stand, with which you need to start speaking and spend most of the time on stage. After the performance begins, you can leave it from time to time, but it is important not to forget to return. We will analyze the main stance - for training it is better to do it sequentially, and then automatically and immediately.

Feet shoulder width apart. It is in width, and not more and not less. If it is less than the width of the shoulders (“legs together”), it looks quite elegant from the side, but when you start talking, you will inevitably feel some instability - the area of \u200b\u200bthe support is too small. If the legs are wider than the shoulders, it is, of course, stable and comfortable, but it looks threatening and even aggressive from the side - a person takes up more space than he needs. Another roll up your sleeves - and there will be a complete picture "SS man on the post." Sometimes at the trainings the girls say - what about, they say, they teach professional models and fashion models to stand in the “third position”, just the legs together, the back is bent ...? Yes, this counter looks beautiful, but keep in mind that if the model starts talking, people will run away in the hall ... The task of models and other blondes is to decorate the space with their presence, but not to conquer the audience with their speech and intellect. Therefore, it is optimal to stand the legs exactly shoulder width apart, even for women.

Pull yourself at the crown of your headfor a virtual long thread into space. The spine is straightened, posture is straight. Stoop is the problem of a modern person, most people walk bent over - years, worries, anxieties, fatigue, hard life ... And if we see a stooped person on stage - this will be exactly the impression, plus a feeling of uncertainty and constraint will come from him. Indeed, when we are anxious or worried, intuitively, the human body contracts and shrinks to become invisible in a moment of danger. And just so on stage and perceived. As a result, the first impression will inevitably be blurred. It is very important to demonstrate in public the direct opposite of what has been said - confidence, strength, energy, freedom, leadership qualities, including due to good posture.

Unfortunately, for most people stoop has already become a habit, so direct posture is uncomfortable for many and it is not easy to keep it for a long time. This is true. But any bad habit can be replaced by a new more constructive habit, as instead of a cigarette at the moment of excitement, you can accustom yourself to candy. Therefore, it is important to form a habit precisely for a direct, royal, if you like, posture. Do you know how in the old days a hussar was taught to keep aristocratic? The hussar had to breathe to his full chest - and so on and stand, live, talk, breathe. And how were future social ladies accustomed to a noble posture? There was an even more cruel way - a corset. When a woman was pulled into a corset for forty shoelaces, she held the posture willy-nilly (rather, of course, willy-nilly). For women, by the way, it is possible to use not a mental thread into space, but the idea that you are supporting your head with a balcony or a vault of heaven - get ready for caryatids. Another option - you carry a light but fragile object on your head - cannot be dropped. You can train with a book on the top of your head, and then give a head start to eastern women, famous for their grace and a special article - trained jugs with water on their heads.

Sometimes it’s uncomfortable for a person at my training to hold the posture, not because he is pathologically stooping, but only because he is trying too hard and straining. Let's do such an experiment together. Tighten your right hand into a fist. Very very. Even stronger! Even stronger !!! Now relax your fingers, and form leave a fist. To keep the shape of a fist - efforts, it turns out, is almost not required. So our back muscles, which are responsible for posture, are so strong that in order to keep the carcass in an upright position, they do not even need to strain hard - five percent of their capabilities are quite enough. Some even know how to sleep while standing - soldiers at the post, horses in the field ... Therefore, we leave the body shape - and mentally relieve excess tension, and in general the body is relaxed.

Shoulders on the “hanger”, straighten the chest with a wheel.These rules complement good posture. Shoulders on a mental hanger, as if you were a jacket. In order to hang a “jacket”, we make a circular motion with the shoulders back and fix the shoulders a little behind. Kiss your shoulder blades. We extend the chest on inspiration (remember a hussar) and then breathe freely, gaining 80% of lung capacity before the speech for the full use of our chest resonators and a strong chest voice. It is better (by sensations) to breathe both before and during speech with abdominal breathing, that is, with the “belly”. All the same, only the lungs will be filled, but the volume and effectiveness of the inspiration will be much higher.

It is important that deep breathing helps reduce excitement before speaking. Reception "four seconds." Slowly and deeply inhale for four seconds, hold your breath for four seconds, slowly and concentrated exhale in the same four seconds.

“When a woman straightens her back and straightens her shoulders, she has a chest”. This aphorism truly illustrates the features of the female body structure. Sometimes women are embarrassed to straighten their breasts, rightly believing that from this it visually increases. But, it seems that this is even good. The chest is a symbol of vitality and beauty for both women and men. And there should be many good people! A good speaker, even just in appearance, should attract attention and strive to produce a strong, vivid impression. In addition, the stage, the distance between the speaker and the public, are obscured by the speaker’s dimensions, making him small - especially in the big hall. Therefore, it is desirable to visually appear larger, bigger on the stage, occupy all available space with gestures and movements in order to compensate for this negative factor. Then visually the dimensions of your personality will be larger, you will be associated with more strength, power. The scene is not a place for modest behavior!

Interesting that the straight spine closely related to human health. Any doctor will tell you that through the spine, through the spinal cord, innervation (stimulation by nerve signals) of the internal organs takes place. The spine and its spinal cord are a kind of conductor of these signals from the nerve centers of the brain. If a person has a chronic stoop, and as a result, scoliosis (curvature of the spine), this gradually leads to impaired innervation and chronic diseases of the internal organs. True, a person often does not notice this, since at a young age this stoop is compensated by the body's reserves. But youth is not an eternal thing, and when the body’s reserves are depleted, diseases begin to roll up in a uniform sequence. Therefore, it is important to formulate posture not only for public perception, but also for health.

What does it mean to form a posture? It means training her in life. In life, as you know, there is always room for a feat. And to form a new habit, it is necessary to tie a knot in memory and remember about the posture several times a day. Come up with anchors, hooks. For example, I see people - I straighten the spine, do the main stance.

To check your posture from time to time, you can use this method. Lean against the wall. There should be four points of contact: the back of the head, shoulder blades, butt, heel. You will be surprised, but it real direct posture. Many at this test will feel it for the first time. And the real direct posture is straighter than it usually seems to man.

If your case is running and the stoop is clearly noticeable and poorly corrected, then there is another radical method. In pharmacies, a posture corrector is sold - an elastic structure that is fixed on the shoulders and back and holds the posture no worse than a corset.

Front foot half step forward. This is the next rule of the main speaker post. Weigh 60 percent on the front foot. There is a slight tilt of the case forward, a vector to the public. As if you were walking forward, but paused. The front leg is the leg on which it is more convenient for you to carry body weight. This must be selected according to the sensations. Usually, for most people, the front foot is the jerk, the strongest, the one that you pushed off when jumping long, in physical education classes in grade 8. Why do we need this vector forward? This position of the body is read by the public as a willingness to dialogue, a willingness to meet people, the absence of fear and excitement. Compare. If the tilt is back, the sensation will be as if the audience pushes the speaker back and he takes a step back. And then back. And then back. And hiding in the fog behind the curtains. Tilt back - the audience seems to push the speaker away. Vector ahead - the speaker goes towards the people and is ready for dialogue!

Hands thrown along the body, elbows slightly pressed, palms slightly turned to the public. There is no fuss in the hands, hands are thrown and relaxed, just a little pressed elbows. Viewers perceive this position of the hands as the absence of a threat, as self-confidence and in their rightness. And these are good associations! It happens that the speaker’s hands are poorly controlled, they live their own lives and it is not possible to throw them down at the beginning of the speech. This is called "hands get in the way." Indeed, in such cases, the speaker does not find a place for his fussy hands and they really begin to interfere with him.

Remember, such an episode is in the movie "Beginning" with Inna Churikova in the title role. She plays the actress who plays Joan of Arc. Jeanne on her knees in front of the icon prays to her saint. But suddenly Churikova leaves the image and she begins to have a tantrum, she jumps up and begins to beat herself on the hands:

- I can’t, I can’t! My hands get in the way, I can't, I can't, I can't! They interfere with me, interfere, I can not do anything with them !!!

The director was not confused:

- Saw me !!! Which interferes more - right or left ?!

Actress, getting out of hysteria:

- So, everybody ... Already do not interfere. Everything is fine. Let's work! Camera, turn on, camera, let's work !!!

So we are at the trainings, just in case we hold a saw. But seriously, getting rid of the hustle and bustle in the hands helps using heavy weights during speech. You can exclude the hustle of solid books, kettlebells or other heavy objects.

Keep in mind that your hands are thrown along the body only at the beginning, before you start talking. When speech turns on, then hands should support it with expressive gestures, helping the speaker to express his thoughts.

Head to a position of permissible arrogance. That is, the chin is just above the horizon. If the chin is lifted too much, a person will have a feeling of contempt. If the chin is below the horizon, there will be a sensation of a menacing look of "sullenness." The eyes are fixed on the public. On the face is the “Mona Lisa smile” - readiness for a smile, half smile. If the expression is relaxed and neutral, it will be perceived as gloomy. Therefore, it is better to add a half smile, that is, the corners of the lips are slightly raised. If he will perform in America, then he must smile with all his might in all 33 teeth, in his entire Hollywood smile, otherwise they will not contact you ("Is he a loser?"). But in our culture, an underlined smile will annoy people (“what is squinting?”). Still, they say, he didn’t say anything funny, but he is already rocking. Therefore, it is optimal - the corners of the lips are raised, the smile of the Mona Lisa.

These are the main rules regarding the main speaker. This is the basic, basic, dominant stance. It does not mean that you cannot leave it from time to time. This means that it is necessary to return to it from time to time.

What are the associations for this stand? This is an ancient Greek or Roman monument. At that time, all heroes, winners of competitions and other best people were sculpted in this pose. If it was a thinker, he held a scroll in his hand. It was this pose that reflected their fortitude, dignity and greatness. This is Lenin in an armored car. Only the proletarian leader uses a gesture pointing to a bright future, and everything else is similar. And it was not in vain that Ilyich was portrayed in this pose - for he had to be imprinted in the mass consciousness as stands, a leader and a strong man. This is also the pose of the Statue of Liberty in the United States - a symbol of all generations of Americans. This is our worker and collective farmer at VDNKh - they only take a more powerful step. This is a ballet dancer, coming out to triumph with a standing ovation and bouquet rain. All these images reflect success, strength, leadership qualities. And all this is not accidental - this is the right association, and in this stand the speaker corresponds to them.

The speaker's main stand has two useful properties. Firstly, it forms in the public the desired first impression of the speaker. And, secondly, if you stand in this stance for thirty seconds or so, you will feel a surge of confidence, strength, some pathos, a desire to say something powerful:

- The Romans! Fellow citizens!

Or at least:

- Russians!

By itself, the main stance creates the desired internal state of dignity, greater confidence, strength. Why it happens? Because not only the internal state is reflected in the external appearance and posture. But vice versa is also true. The external forms the internal. The pose itself also has a formative effect and is reflected in the internal psychological state. Therefore, I do not get tired of repeating to the participants in the trainings - even if you are worried before the performance, do not forget to just put yourself in the main stance by willpower and the excitement will decrease!

And if you have a sedentary performance? For example, during a meeting, negotiation, conference. Anyway, the rules are the same, only sitting. As if the monument sat down. Of course, "who will plant it, is it a monument?", But once a speaker has to speak while sitting. And then - the case is moved forward, and not thrown back into the back. Chest straightened. The spine is straight. The head is raised. Legs shoulder width apart, one leg slightly in front. Hands are thrown to the knees down or laid on top of the table - and later, during speech, appropriate gestures are activated. It is undesirable to wrap your legs around the legs of a chair - it looks pathetic. And speaking of sitting, it is better on a relatively hard seat, which helps the speaker’s energy. There is such a tricky reception among negotiators - slip an armchair or sofa into an opponent's hand. And then a person becomes completely well, he relaxes, and it is much more difficult to turn on speech and logic in this state - the tone disappears.

No fuss! This should be combined with the main speaker. Especially at first, when relations with the audience are established, when any excess movement will be subconsciously interpreted by the public as excitement. The rule is this. You go out, lock yourself in the main place in the speaker’s counter and pause. In a pause, you behave like a rock-man, like a monument to yourself. No flirting, tweaking, twitching of the shoulders, clenching with brushes, fingering, lip movements, tapping feet. This is ruled out! On the contrary. Man is a rock! This is strength, confidence, concentration. Such an impression will be formed among the public.

Before the start of the performance, we pause.Why do you need a pause? What role does it play? Why not start talking right away? A pause has a very important function. Firstly, it attracts and captures the attention of the public. And even if you pause in the middle of the performance, the attention of the audience will return to your performance. Secondly, in a pause, in fact, the so-called “public performance” takes place, that is, the relationship between the speaker and the audience is finally established, “who is in charge” - the speaker says, the audience listens. Of course, a pause is a test for the speaker’s nerves, but if you have passed this test, the public will respect you. The audience will accept your right to be a leader during this performance.

How long should there be a pause?Let's evaluate it using the example of a theater. Before the start of the performance in the theater, there is always some fuss in the hall, a noise, discussion of programs, the rustling of wrappers. Everyone is already seated, but the attention of the audience is still scattered. And imagine such a picture. The curtain opens, there is light on the stage and we see a person standing in our main speaker stand facing the room and holding a pause. And the more the artist, the more he pauses ...

What will happen to the public? Gradually, she will calm down and gather attention on this actor. Those who are not ready yet, the neighbors will push - quietly, shhh, remove the sweets, it has already begun ... The attention of the theater audience will gather along the growing parabola. And after a while, the maximum will be established - the peak of public attention. There will be dead silence in the theater with the full attention of the audience - what next?

It resembles such a plot in Jumble. Spring. A boy is standing in a puddle. The puddle is big, deep. Adults gather around - boy, why are you standing here, catch a cold !? He stands, silent, pauses. Even more adults are going to - boy, why are you standing here, what are you standing for, catch a cold, what, why, are you catching a cold ... He stands calmly, holds a pause. Already a crowd of adults, everyone is pulling their hands towards him - boy, why are you standing here, catch a cold, what, why, what are you standing here, what are you standing here ... !!! ??? And finally, with the words “And here it is!” He jumps in place in a puddle, a fountain of spray, all passers-by are wet. These are the boy’s strong nerves! He just does not spend his energy. He gathered attention, paused, and the efficiency of his hooligan actions became much higher! Also in public. You go out, lock yourself in the speaker’s main desk, pause and all the attention of the audience will be gathered on you:

“And what are you standing here for?” And what are you standing here ?? And what are you standing here ???

And aerobatics - at the peak of attention - but here it is! I have a speech here! And your first words sound. If this is the Bolshoi Theater, I estimate the time from appearance to the peak of public attention at about 12-15 seconds. If this is a regular conference room for fifty people, then the maximum attention time will be about 5-7 seconds. At this time, and must be guided. If the audience is very small, you can reduce the pause to 3 seconds, but there must be a pause!

If the pause is overexposed - what will happen to the public? That's right, when the peak of attention is passed, it will inevitably weaken and the noise will again go:

- What is it? Why are they? Are they kidding us?

Therefore, it is important for a good speaker to feel the time and begin to speak at the peak of attention!

What to do in a pause?The pause itself should not be empty - the empty pause disappoints the audience. She must be is filled inner life. There is a story about Konstantin Sergeyevich Stanislavsky, who at an actor’s training instructed his students to simply pause on stage in front of the audience. Almost all could not stand it, smiled, giggled, hesitated on the spot, played facial expressions. And finally, Stanislavsky himself went out and began to carefully look into the hall - and all the students felt full, the meaning of a pause, even his inner thoughts. He silently looked into the hall for two minutes, and the audience did not get bored - a rich pause kept attention.

Therefore, the rule is this. In a pause, you collect the views of people from different sectors of the hall, evaluate their readiness, think about their faces and internal state:

“So, are you ready or not?” What do we have here? Good. And who do we have here? Okay. And in the gallery? Not yet all right ...

Outwardly, nothing specifically needs to be demonstrated - this will lead to falsehood. Only internal work makes the pause saturated, not empty.

Remember that you must be in the state of the owner of the hall. And what does the Master do in life? Business. And so he went on stage and he has a job - he chooses people for his business. The owner is a good psychologist, he observes and evaluates who will suit him and who is not, with whom you can cook porridge, and with whom only stewed fruit, whom to hire, and who will not pull. And then the pause becomes meaningful and saturated. The secret to this pause is in focusing on people in the audience.

What text to start with?And only when the audience is ready for perception, do you open your mouth and start talking. I will offer a universal beginning for almost any speech:

- Hello! I am very glad to see you! My name is ... (name)! I am ... (who you are)! The topic of my speech ... (and further on).

Here is all you need to get started. Universal greeting. A universal compliment to the public. Introducing yourself. Presentation of your social role.

The public at first has a natural curiosity - who is it, what is it, what is a person like. And the beginning of the speech is an opportunity to satisfy this curiosity and, with the help of the presentation, to raise one's significance and make oneself a “PR”. Do you know how PR differs from boasting? Only one position. Occasion. If there is a reason - this is PR, in the good sense of the word. If not, it is already boasting and looks disadvantageous. The beginning of a speech is always an occasion - they wanted to know who is speaking now? Well, please, I do not mind, I tell. Of course, this is only suitable for a new audience. If the public already knows you, then self-presentation is no longer required.

You can look for other beginnings for speech, but this universal principle is always good, even when nothing comes to mind.

If you performed successfully in public, a good start has been made and a contribution to the success of the entire performance has already been made and the public will be ready to bathe you in applause at the end of the speech.

Successful to you performances!

Dear guests, dear conference participants, friends!

On behalf of the organizers of the conference, I welcome the participants at the 28th STUDENT SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE (STC) and thank you for being here with us today.

I would like to start my welcoming speech with the words of the great Russian poet Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, which are the best suited to today's event:

"Oh, how many wonderful discoveries we have

Prepare enlightenment spirit

And experience, son of difficult mistakes,

And genius, friend paradoxes ... "

It is well known that the process of learning at a university is inextricably linked with science, where student science has a special role to play. Student science in its true meaning is not just the formal participation of young people in scientific research and technical development, which, of course, is an important component of the professional training of a modern specialist.

It is also the development of competencies that allow a young person to present a modern picture of the world on the basis of an in-depth, holistic, often at the junction of various scientific fields and directions, study of the subject area.

In the modern world, the requirements and expectations of students and employers for higher education are steadily increasing. The main task for universities is the effective management of resources - material, financial, labor, intellectual - and ensuring high quality education and research.

Universities that are able to generate scientific achievements in promising (priority) areas of the economy are the actual leaders in the training of the most sought-after specialists in the labor markets and, accordingly, such scientific and educational complexes are the most attractive for entry.

With absolute obviousness, we can state that the role and importance of university science will only grow every year. Moreover, from the point of view of scientific value - and this is the other side of the coin - not the amount of new knowledge produced, but the return on scientific research will come to the fore.

In other words, the depth and quality of scientific research and development will be most demanded both in terms of recognition by the professional scientific community and their practical significance.

Therefore, student science in the broad sense is, we can say, the “beginning of the beginnings”, on which the development of the entire scientific and personnel potential of the country depends.

It should be noted that in our University the research work of cadets and students is carried out at all stages of the educational process and at all organizational levels - the department, faculty, and university. Today's Student Scientific and Technical Conference, at which I have the honor to welcome you, is an essential component of the research work of cadets and students of MSTU.

Over the long years of the conference (since 1986), it has become not only an integral and significant part of the scientific and educational process of MSTU, but also the largest student event in the Murmansk region in terms of the number of participants. As you know, since last year (since 2013), the conference has acquired the status of All-Russian. And this means that it is necessary, if possible, to expand the participation of students from all over Russia and the near abroad, which, of course, will qualitatively affect its results, will give a new impetus to interuniversity interaction.

The main goal of the STC, which we see and set for ourselves, is to engage student youth in science, to arouse in young people an interest in new scientific knowledge that goes beyond the framework of basic educational programs. This is an exchange of best practice research. These are discussions and disputes that certainly arise from the reports. All this together creates the very “boiling-boiling” breeding ground from which true young talents grow.

No one is able to make a person become brilliant. But helping our talented student years is in our power. And the student scientific and technical conference (SNTK), in my opinion, is precisely the platform that helps and facilitates the discovery of young scientific talents.

Dear friends. Allow me to declare the 2014 Student Science and Technology Conference open!

And wish, paraphrasing in prose the words of the great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin:

- the spirit of enlightenment,

- wonderful discoveries,

- Do not be afraid of the mistakes of difficult and emerging paradoxes, without which, as the Russian poet wrote, the birth of a genius is impossible !!!

How to speak correctly and without embarrassment Polito Reynaldo

Audience greeting

Facing the audience, the first words you say should be a greeting to the people who come to listen to you. This is a respectful, polite way to reach out and get their attention. This may seem obvious, but it is often forgotten.

Rarely does anyone begin to talk with a group without contacting its members personally, that is, without greeting them. But greetings come in all sorts of ways. Some people utter greetings as a tradition or ritual, while others put their souls into them, trying to be polite and friendly.

The greeting is aimed at two purposes. The first is to really say hello: wish everyone a good evening, for example. The second is to draw attention to the fact that you are standing in front of an audience. For example, when during a party you say “Just a moment of attention” to make a toast, it is more than just a greeting; you draw the attention of each participant to the fact of your presence and announce that you are going to speak.

The greeting is part of the introduction, which, as you see, focuses the audience’s attention, makes people want your presentation to be successful, sets up a friendly mood, a desire to experience interest and pay attention to your message. The entry also removes the resistance that students may experience with you, the subject of the report, or the environment because of her discomfort or thoughts about the things that await them after the event. In short, the greeting informs the audience that you are ready to start.

As part of the introduction, greeting also helps bring listeners to your side.

Follow formalities and seniority

The greeting form should always correspond to the degree of formality of the event, starting from more formal situations, when you address the audience with the words “ladies and gentlemen”, and ending with informal situations, when it is enough to say “hello!”. By the way, the appeal of "ladies and gentlemen" is suitable for almost all situations.

Women have the right to primacy, that is, they should be welcomed first if they are not on the board of directors and do not sit at the honorary table when seniority is determined by hierarchy rather than gender. For example, the president of the country and the woman minister are sitting at the honorary table during the ceremony, the president should be greeted first as the most important person among those present, and not the minister.

Start by greeting the most important people. Pay attention to this detail, because I know of cases where political conflicts and hostility arose because the speaker did not welcome the guests of honor or did not welcome them in the necessary sequence.

Be careful: the audience may lose interest in you while you greet a large number of honored guests one by one. If the protocol does not require each of the guests to be greeted separately, then you can find a great way out of this situation by contacting the "honored guest guests." However, if there are representatives of the authorities or celebrities who cannot be ignored, the decision may look like this: “I would like to welcome Mr. President Barack Obama and extend this greeting to all respected honored guests, ladies and gentlemen.” Thus, you express your respect for the authority figure and do not waste time wasting endless greetings to other honored guests.

Show political sensitivity

Some meetings are held solely for political purposes in order to promote a figure. People go to such events not for the sake of the topic of the report, but simply to be in sight and to hear how the audience pronounce their name. In such a situation, one should not worry too much about the message itself, however, it is necessary to mention all those sitting at the table for honored guests, and in some cases in the hall. You may not say anything meaningful, but everyone will be pleased with the performance you arranged.

Does it border on hypocrisy? I think so too, but that's life. If you know that the meeting pursues purely political goals, either do not come to it and remain faithful to your principles, or play according to the stated rules. The desire to convey to the audience a message with deep meaning in such a situation is akin to the desire to read sermons in the desert, where you will not find any listeners other than camels.

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Audience Thoughts Read Audience Thoughts Listeners think throughout your speech, even if you don’t hear a word from them. If you want your speech to have an effect, then you must control not only what the audience sees and hears, but also what

From the book Brilliant performance. How to become a successful speaker author Sednev Andrey

Read the audience’s thoughts. Listeners think throughout your speech, even if you don’t hear a word from them. If you want your speech to have an effect, then you must control not only what the audience sees and hears, but also what it thinks about. Thoughts

From the book Brilliant performance. How to become a successful speaker author Sednev Andrey

Audience Thoughts Tell your listeners what they think with the phrases: “You probably asked yourself now”, “You probably thought” or “If you asked me ...” Communicate the thoughts of the audience in the form of dialogue. It strengthens communication and brings humor. If you tell

From the book How to Overcome Shyness the author Zimbardo Philip George

Greeting Next week, try to greet anyone you meet in class, in the office, just outside. Smile and say: “It's a beautiful day, isn’t it?”, Or “Have you ever seen so much snow?” Etc. Most of us are not used to it, and,

From a book Like a huge motionless stone the author Balsekar Ramesh Sadashiva

Greetings from the editor Advaita Vedanta are known as the “direct approach” - as opposed to the “gradual approach”. A gradual approach involves reaching different levels of enlightenment, a kind of spiritual ladder along which the seeker must climb. Advaitu