Physics is a broad science that applies everywhere. After all, thanks to its laws, the Universe exists, planets revolve around the Sun, and all the conditions necessary for life are present. Modern man cannot imagine life without physical processes. If this science had not been developed by ancient scientists, then today there would not be many serious discoveries and inventions. The specialties of a physicist as a learned and interested person are quite diverse.
Which institute should I go to?
First you need to decide on your specialty. What do you want to study? What profession do you want to devote your whole life to? There is a huge choice. You can enroll not only in the specialty “Physics” at MEPhI, Moscow State University or any pedagogical institute, but also choose, so to speak, a differential specialty in the fields of space, transport, nature, household items, construction, medicine.
So what specialties do they take physics for? Anything that is related to technology at least in a small way. For example, a schoolboy dreams of being an astronomer. He will have to take the Russian language (usually an essay), mathematics and physics. As you know, schools currently take the Unified State Exam, so physics must be chosen as an additional subject. Russian and mathematics are already taken without fail.
Wouldn't make a mistake with the choice
So that the student does not have to rack his brains and torment himself with doubts, it is better to attend open days at universities. Not only read information about the specialty you are interested in, but also talk to specialists, if possible. It often happens that a child or teenager dreams of one thing, but gets something completely different, because he imagined everything differently. It’s better to open your eyes to the truth right away so that it won’t be painful later. A book on a specialty of interest can be a good advisor. Physics at school and college is very different from the university curriculum. Of course, you can endure several sessions and forget about a specific subject, but what if the entire specialty and future profession is based on it? The choice must be made carefully.
There are some guys who, from childhood, love to solder microcircuits, assemble models, design a future country house, and understand cars from an early age. They should definitely go accordingly: the first - to the faculty of microelectronics, semiconductor devices, to instrument-making institutes; the second - to the Faculty of Architecture or Construction; the third - for road/automobile.
Unusual and interesting professions
There are many specialties, but not very popular ones, that apply physics directly: medical devices and apparatus, physics laboratories. At Moscow State University. Lomonosov is taught various interesting specialties that are related to physics in quite a deep way. Graduates can become theoretical physicists. MEPhI also has a specialty in Physics. How should such a person work? You can become a scientist if the student has proven himself well. The university itself will send such a genius to a suitable laboratory for practical training.
A physicist can simultaneously teach a subject at school, college or university, write articles, and publish books. This is a minimum list of what a physicist can do. He must not only hone the theory, but also apply everything in practice, embody his ideas. In this case, a physicist must think logically, have ingenuity and erudition.
Is math really that important?
Without mathematics, physical problems cannot be solved. For example, you need to write an equation of motion, calculate the current with missing data through formulas in which you can insert existing parameters, transform the expression, calculate probability, integrals, derivatives, and the like. Without such basic knowledge, you don’t even have to try to enroll in a physical specialty. Of course, a physicist can simply talk about the structure of the Earth, gravity and give arguments “what would happen if...”, but there are no such specialties where mathematics is not taken, but only physics. These two sciences always go hand in hand. Even Russian language and literature are needed everywhere during admission to study, for all specialties. Physics and mathematics are taken together in entrance exams almost everywhere.
Inventors of electronics, radio engineering and machines
Undoubtedly, all instruments and machines were designed by people who are well versed in physics and mathematics. First, such people study the theory, structure of molecules, atoms, try to independently find similar or close to analogous elements, substances and experiment. Modern man creates new technology with an emphasis on the old. Very little is produced from scratch anymore. Before you create any complex thing, you need to depict it at least on paper, show all its elements, and then check it. From there the scientist learns that this is where the transistor needs to be soldered, what substances it consists of, etc.
What specialties require physics to work with radio electronics, instrument making, mechanical engineering? There is no point in listing all existing ones, because the names are similar to those listed, but will have a “subsection,” as it were. You need to choose technical universities. Those who are interested in assembling computers, cell phones and laptops, and those who want to learn how to invent new things, can become a design engineer in the same areas mentioned above.
Combining physics with other sciences
Let’s take, for example, a vibroacoustic device with two transducers, which treats joint diseases, osteochondrosis, diabetes and other diseases. Undoubtedly, you need to know biology and physics in order to create the ideal device for treatment. Most often, a physician and a physicist will work together in a laboratory, creating their own idea. Biophysics is also a science that can be studied by a physicist or biologist. It all depends on the interests and abilities of people. There are such specialties at medical universities.
Physics can also be applied in the acoustic and electromagnetic sphere: ultrasonic devices, infrasound, various electromagnetic emitters. It is worth recalling that equipment for creating a microclimate is also not created without knowledge of physical laws.
Still, what specialties should you take physics for? In reference books for applicants to technical universities, pedagogical universities, MEPhI, Moscow State University. Lomonosov and other universities in Russia and abroad have all the information about which subjects need to be taken. The choice is huge, it is important not to make a mistake and not regret it.
About the specialty:
Description of the specialty technical physics, which universities teach technical physics, admission, exams, what subjects are studied in the specialty.
Physics is one of the fundamental classical sciences. The student can choose suitable directions for himself from a variety of specialties related to physics. Typically, training in this specialty is structured according to a modular system. In the mathematics block, students study calculus, linear algebra and probability theory. In the physics block, the student is taught theoretical mechanics, molecular physics, electricity and magnetism, and atomic physics.
Employment in the specialty of technical physics
After completing his studies, the student becomes a theoretical scientist. You will have to look for work in research centers. The work task will be to study various physical phenomena, describe and implement them for practical use. A thirst for knowledge, an analytical mind and a systematic approach will be the key to success in this field.
Salary for the specialty technical physics
You need to start looking for a job while still a student. It is unlikely that you will be able to find a job based on an advertisement. You need to look for a place in specialized laboratories and research centers. The thesis can become the basis for future scientific research. And the student’s part-time job can become a permanent place for his own scientific research. Having conducted successful scientific research and implemented it as a commercial idea, yesterday’s student will be able to become a world-famous specialist and have his own laboratory, or develop his own business.
Characteristics of the direction.
Technical physics is a field of science and technology, including a set of means, methods and methods of human activity related to the research, development, creation and operation of new materials, technologies, instruments and devices.
Objects of professional activity graduate in the direction of "Technical Physics" are: physical processes and phenomena, physical and physical-technological devices, systems and complexes, methods and methods of their research and design.
Opportunities for continuing education:
The bachelor is prepared to continue his education:
– in master's programs in 29 areas, including direction 140400 "Technical Physics";
– mastering in a shortened time the main educational programs in the areas of training of certified specialists:
661100 - Technical physics;
654000 - Optotechnics;
654100 - Electronics and microelectronics;
654200 - Radio engineering;
651000 - Nuclear physics and technology;
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Cycle of natural science and professional disciplines:
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Approved
by order of the Ministry of Education
and science of the Russian Federation
FEDERAL STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD
HIGHER EDUCATION - BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN THE DIRECTION OF PREPARATION
03/16/01 TECHNICAL PHYSICS
I. SCOPE OF APPLICATION
This federal state educational standard of higher education is a set of requirements mandatory for the implementation of basic professional educational programs of higher education - undergraduate programs in the field of study 03/16/01 Technical Physics (hereinafter referred to as the bachelor's program, field of study).
II. ABBREVIATIONS USED
The following abbreviations are used in this federal state educational standard:
OK - general cultural competencies;
GPC - general professional competencies;
PC - professional competencies;
FSES VO - federal state educational standard of higher education;
network form - a network form of implementation of educational programs.
III. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIRECTION OF TRAINING
3.1. Receiving education under a bachelor's degree program is permitted only in an educational organization of higher education (hereinafter referred to as the organization).
3.2. Bachelor's degree programs in organizations are carried out in full-time, part-time and part-time forms of study.
(as amended by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated 09.09.2015 N 999)
The volume of the bachelor's degree program is 240 credit units (hereinafter referred to as credit units), regardless of the form of study, the educational technologies used, the implementation of the bachelor's degree program using an online form, the implementation of the bachelor's degree program according to an individual curriculum, including accelerated learning.
3.3. Duration of obtaining education under the bachelor's program:
full-time study, including vacations provided after passing the state final certification, regardless of the educational technologies used, is 4 years. The volume of a full-time bachelor's degree program implemented in one academic year is 60 credits;
in full-time or part-time forms of education, regardless of the educational technologies used, increases by no less than 6 months and no more than 1 year compared to the period of obtaining education in full-time education. The volume of a bachelor's degree program for one academic year in full-time or part-time forms of study cannot be more than 75 credits;
(as amended by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated 09.09.2015 N 999)
when studying according to an individual curriculum, regardless of the form of study, it is no more than the period for obtaining education established for the corresponding form of study, and when studying according to an individual plan for persons with disabilities, it can be increased at their request by no more than 1 year according to compared with the period of obtaining education for the corresponding form of training. The volume of a bachelor's degree program for one academic year when studying according to an individual plan, regardless of the form of study, cannot be more than 75 z.e.
The specific period for obtaining education and the volume of a bachelor's degree program implemented in one academic year, in full-time or part-time forms of study, as well as according to an individual plan, are determined by the organization independently within the time limits established by this paragraph.
(as amended by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated 09.09.2015 N 999)
3.4. When implementing a bachelor's degree program, an organization has the right to use e-learning and distance learning technologies.
When training people with disabilities, e-learning and distance educational technologies must provide for the possibility of receiving and transmitting information in forms accessible to them.
3.5. The implementation of a bachelor's degree program is possible using a network form.
3.6. Educational activities under the undergraduate program are carried out in the state language of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise specified by the local regulatory act of the organization.
IV. CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
GRADUATES WHO HAVE COMPLETED THE BACHELOR PROGRAM
4.1. The area of professional activity of graduates who have mastered the bachelor's program includes a set of means and methods of human activity related to the identification, research and modeling of new physical phenomena and patterns, with the development on their basis, creation and implementation of new technologies, instruments, devices and materials for various purposes in science-intensive fields of applied and technical physics.
4.2. The objects of professional activity of graduates who have mastered the bachelor's degree program are physical processes and phenomena that determine the functioning, efficiency and production technology of physical and physical-technological devices, systems and complexes for various purposes, as well as methods and methods of their research, development, manufacture and application.
4.3. Types of professional activities for which graduates who have completed the bachelor's program are prepared:
scientific and innovative;
scientific research;
scientific and pedagogical;
design and engineering;
production and technological;
organizational and managerial.
When developing and implementing a bachelor's degree program, the organization focuses on the specific type(s) of professional activity for which the bachelor is preparing, based on the needs of the labor market, research and material and technical resources of the organization.
The undergraduate program is formed by the organization depending on the types of educational activities and the requirements for the results of mastering the educational program:
focused on research and (or) pedagogical type (types) of professional activity as the main (main) (hereinafter referred to as the academic bachelor's program);
focused on practice-oriented, applied type(s) of professional activity as the main(s) (hereinafter referred to as the applied bachelor's program).
4.4. A graduate who has completed a bachelor's program, in accordance with the type(s) of professional activity to which the bachelor's program is focused, must be ready to solve the following professional tasks:
participation in the development of innovative principles for creating physical and technical objects and systems;
participation in assessing the innovative potential of new products in the chosen field of technical physics;
participation in the development and implementation of research and development results;
study of scientific and technical information, domestic and foreign experience in the chosen field of technical physics;
analysis of the assigned research problem in the field of technical physics based on the selection and study of literary and patent sources;
construction of mathematical models for analyzing the properties of research objects and selection of tools and software for their implementation;
carrying out measurements and studies of physical and technical objects with the choice of technical measuring instruments and processing of results;
compilation of descriptions of ongoing research and projects under development, preparation of data for the preparation of reports, reviews and other technical documentation;
participation in the preparation of reports, articles, abstracts based on modern editing and printing tools;
carrying out adjustment, configuration and pilot testing of certain types of complex physical and technical devices and systems in laboratory conditions and on-site;
carrying out laboratory work, instructing and training junior technical personnel in the use of modern high-tech devices and processes of technical physics;
participation in pre-university preparation and career guidance work aimed at attracting the most prepared graduates of schools and other secondary vocational education organizations to obtain higher education in the field of technical physics;
carrying out theoretical and experimental studies to analyze the characteristics of physical and technical objects in order to optimize the modes of the stages of technological processes;
participation in the implementation of new and improved technological processes of high-tech production, quality control of materials, elements and assemblies of physical and technical devices and systems;
participation in work on fine-tuning and mastering technological processes during the preparation of the production of new or modified products and devices of technical physics;
organization of metrological support of technological processes, use of standard methods of product quality control;
monitoring compliance with environmental safety at physical and technical facilities;
participation in the development of functional and structural diagrams at the level of units and elements of experimental installations and systems according to specified technical requirements;
development of technical specifications for the design of components, fixtures, equipment and tools for the implementation of technologies;
carrying out a feasibility study of design calculations;
design of devices, parts and assemblies at the circuit and element levels using computer design tools based on a preliminary feasibility study;
participation in assessing the manufacturability of simple and medium complexity design solutions, development of standard processes for monitoring parts and assemblies;
drawing up certain types of technical documentation for projects, their elements and assembly units, including technical specifications, descriptions, instructions and other documents;
participation in the organization of work aimed at developing the creative nature of the activities of production teams;
development of plans for certain types of work and monitoring their implementation, including provision of relevant services with the necessary technical documentation, materials, equipment;
making optimal decisions on the creation of certain types of products, taking into account the requirements of quality, cost, deadlines, competitiveness and life safety;
establishing the procedure for performing work and organizing technological routes for creating elements and assemblies of devices and systems during their manufacture;
carrying out technical control of the production of products and participating in their quality management;
planning of personnel work and wage funds.
V. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE RESULTS OF MASTERING THE BACHELOR PROGRAM
5.1. As a result of mastering the bachelor's program, the graduate must develop general cultural, general professional and professional competencies.
5.2. A graduate who has completed a bachelor's program must have the following general cultural competencies:
the ability to use the foundations of philosophical knowledge to form a worldview position (OK-1);
the ability to analyze the main stages and patterns of the historical development of society to form a civic position (OK-2);
the ability to use the basics of economic knowledge in various spheres of life (OK-3);
the ability to use the basics of legal knowledge in various spheres of life (OK-4);
ability to communicate in oral and written forms in Russian and foreign languages to solve problems of interpersonal and intercultural interaction (OK-5);
the ability to work in a team, tolerantly perceive social, ethnic, religious and cultural differences (OK-6);
ability for self-organization and self-education (OK-7);
the ability to use methods and means of physical culture to ensure full-fledged social and professional activities (OK-8);
ability to use first aid techniques, methods of protection in emergency situations (OK-9).
5.3. A graduate who has completed a bachelor's program must have the following general professional competencies:
the ability to use the fundamental laws of nature and the basic laws of natural science disciplines in professional activities (GPC-1);
the ability to apply methods of mathematical analysis, modeling, optimization and statistics to solve problems arising in the course of professional activity (GPC-2);
ability for theoretical and experimental research in the chosen field of technical physics, willingness to take into account modern trends in the development of technical physics in their professional activities (GPC-3);
the ability to solve standard problems of professional activity on the basis of information and bibliographic culture using information and communication technologies and taking into account the basic requirements of information security (GPC-4);
knowledge of basic methods, methods and means of obtaining, storing, processing information, the ability to independently work on a computer in the environments of modern operating systems and the most common application programs and computer graphics programs (OPK-5);
the ability to work with distributed databases, work with information in global computer networks, using modern educational and information technologies (OPK-6);
the ability to demonstrate knowledge of a foreign language at a level that allows you to work with scientific and technical literature and participate in international cooperation in the field of professional activity (GPC-7);
the ability to independently master modern physical, analytical and technological equipment for various purposes and work on it (OPK-8).
5.4. A graduate who has completed a bachelor's degree program must have professional competencies corresponding to the type(s) of professional activity that the bachelor's program is focused on:
scientific and innovative activities:
readiness to participate in research on innovative principles for creating physical and technical objects (PC-1);
the ability to participate in assessing the innovative potential of new products in the chosen field of technical physics (PC-2);
readiness to implement and commercialize the results of research and design developments (PC-3);
research activities:
the ability to apply effective methods for studying physical and technical objects, processes and materials, conduct standard and certification tests of technological processes and products using modern analytical tools of technical physics (PC-4);
willingness to study scientific and technical information, domestic and foreign experience on the subject of professional activity (PC-5);
readiness to draw up a plan for the scientific research specified by the director, develop an adequate model of the object being studied and determine the scope of its applicability (PC-6);
scientific and pedagogical activities:
the ability to instruct and train junior technical personnel in the rules of using modern high-tech analytical and technological tools of technical physics (PC-7);
readiness to participate in pre-university training and career guidance work in schools and other secondary educational institutions (PK-8);
production and technological activities:
the ability to use technical means to determine the basic parameters of the technological process, study the properties of physical and technical objects, products and materials (PC-9);
the ability to use modern information technologies, application software packages, network computer technologies and databases in the subject area to calculate technological parameters (PC-10);
the ability to use regulatory documents on quality, standardization and certification of products, elements of economic analysis in practical activities (PC-11);
willingness to justify the adoption of technical decisions in the development of technological processes and products, taking into account economic and environmental requirements (PC-12);
ability to use safety rules, industrial sanitation, fire safety and labor protection standards (PC-13);
design and engineering activities:
the ability to develop functional and structural diagrams of elements and assemblies of experimental and industrial installations, product designs taking into account technological, economic and aesthetic parameters (PC-14);
willingness to use information technology in the development and design of new products, technological processes and materials of technical physics (PC-15);
organizational and managerial activities:
readiness for a team work style, to perform professional functions as part of a team of performers (PC-16);
the ability to analyze the technological process as a control object (PC-17);
the ability to organize the work of performers, make management decisions in the field of organization and standardization of labor (PC-18).
5.5. When developing a bachelor's program, all general cultural and general professional competencies, as well as professional competencies related to those types of professional activities that the bachelor's program is focused on, are included in the set of required results for mastering the bachelor's program.
5.6. When developing a bachelor's program, an organization has the right to supplement the set of competencies of graduates, taking into account the focus of the bachelor's program on specific areas of knowledge and (or) type(s) of activity.
5.7. When developing a bachelor's degree program, the organization sets the requirements for learning outcomes in individual disciplines (modules) and practices independently, taking into account the requirements of the corresponding exemplary basic educational programs.
VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STRUCTURE OF THE BACHELOR PROGRAM
6.1. includes a mandatory part (basic) and a part formed by participants in educational relations (variable). This provides the opportunity to implement bachelor's degree programs with different focus (profile) of education within the same area of training (hereinafter referred to as the focus (profile) of the program).
6.2. The undergraduate program consists of the following blocks:
Block 1 “Disciplines (modules)”, which includes disciplines (modules) related to the basic part of the program, and disciplines (modules) related to its variable part.
Block 2 “Practices”, which fully relates to the variable part of the program.
Block 3 “State final certification”, which fully relates to the basic part of the program and ends with the assignment of qualifications specified in the list of specialties and areas of higher education training, approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
Bachelor's program structure
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Bachelor's program structure |
Scope of the undergraduate program in credit units |
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academic bachelor's program |
applied bachelor's program |
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Variable part | |||
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State final certification | |||
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Basic part | |||
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Scope of Bachelor's program | |||
6.3. Disciplines (modules) related to the basic part of the bachelor's program are mandatory for the student to master, regardless of the focus (profile) of the bachelor's program that he is mastering. The set of disciplines (modules) related to the basic part of the undergraduate program is determined by the organization independently to the extent established by this Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education, taking into account the corresponding approximate (exemplary) main educational program(s).
6.4. Disciplines (modules) in philosophy, history, foreign language, life safety are implemented within the framework of the basic part of Block 1 “Disciplines (modules)” of the undergraduate program. The volume, content and order of implementation of these disciplines (modules) are determined by the organization independently.
6.5. Disciplines (modules) in physical culture and sports are implemented within the framework of:
the basic part of Block 1 "Disciplines (modules)" of the undergraduate program in the amount of at least 72 academic hours (2 credit units) in full-time study;
elective disciplines (modules) in the amount of at least 328 academic hours. The specified academic hours are mandatory for mastering and are not converted into credit units.
Disciplines (modules) in physical culture and sports are implemented in the manner established by the organization. For disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities, the organization establishes a special procedure for mastering disciplines (modules) in physical education and sports, taking into account their health status.
6.6. Disciplines (modules) related to the variable part of the bachelor's program and practices determine the focus (profile) of the bachelor's program. The set of disciplines (modules) related to the variable part of the undergraduate program and practices are determined by the organization independently to the extent established by this Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education. After the student selects the focus (profile) of the program, a set of relevant disciplines (modules) and practices becomes mandatory for the student to master.
6.7. Block 2 “Practices” includes educational and production practices, including pre-graduation practice.
Types of educational practice:
practice to obtain primary professional skills, including primary skills and skills in research activities.
Methods of conducting educational practice:
stationary;
away
Types of internship:
practice to gain professional skills and experience in professional activities (including technological practice);
research work.
Methods of conducting practical training:
stationary;
away
Pre-graduation practice is carried out to complete the final qualifying work and is mandatory.
When developing bachelor's degree programs, the organization selects types of practices depending on the type(s) of activity to which the bachelor's program is focused. The organization has the right to provide for other types of internships in the undergraduate program in addition to those established by this Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education.
Educational and (or) practical training can be carried out in the structural divisions of the organization.
For persons with disabilities, the choice of practice sites should take into account their health status and accessibility requirements.
6.8. Block 3 “State Final Certification” includes the defense of the final qualifying work, including preparation for the defense procedure and the defense procedure, as well as preparation for and passing the state exam (if the organization included the state exam as part of the state final certification).
6.9. Bachelor's degree programs containing information constituting state secrets are developed and implemented in compliance with the requirements stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation and regulations in the field of protection of state secrets.
6.10. Implementation of part (parts) of the educational program and state final certification containing scientific and technical information subject to export control, and within the framework of which (which) students are informed of restricted access information and (or) secret samples of weapons, military equipment are used for educational purposes, their components are not allowed with the use of e-learning and distance learning technologies.
6.11. When developing a bachelor's degree program, students are provided with the opportunity to master elective disciplines (modules), including special conditions for people with disabilities and people with limited health capabilities, in the amount of at least 30 percent of the variable part of Block 1 "Disciplines (modules)."
6.12. The number of hours allocated for lecture-type classes as a whole for Block 1 “Disciplines (modules)” should be no more than 50 percent of the total number of classroom hours allocated for the implementation of this Block.
VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS
BACHELOR PROGRAMS
7.1. System-wide requirements for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program.
7.1.1. The organization must have a material and technical base that complies with current fire safety rules and regulations and ensures the conduct of all types of disciplinary and interdisciplinary training, practical and research work of students provided for by the curriculum.
7.1.2. Each student during the entire period of study must be provided with individual unlimited access to one or more electronic library systems (electronic libraries) and to the organization’s electronic information and educational environment. The electronic library system (electronic library) and the electronic information and educational environment must provide the opportunity for student access from any point where there is access to the information and telecommunications network "Internet" (hereinafter referred to as the "Internet"), both on the territory of the organization and and beyond.
The electronic information and educational environment of the organization must provide:
access to curricula, work programs of disciplines (modules), practices, publications of electronic library systems and electronic educational resources specified in the work programs;
recording the progress of the educational process, the results of intermediate certification and the results of the undergraduate program;
conducting all types of classes, procedures for assessing learning outcomes, the implementation of which is provided for using e-learning and distance learning technologies;
formation of a student’s electronic portfolio, including the preservation of the student’s work, reviews and evaluations of these works by any participants in the educational process;
interaction between participants in the educational process, including synchronous and (or) asynchronous interaction via the Internet.
The functioning of the electronic information and educational environment is ensured by the appropriate means of information and communication technologies and the qualifications of the workers who use and support it. The functioning of the electronic information and educational environment must comply with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
7.1.3. In the case of implementing a bachelor's degree program in an online form, the requirements for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program must be provided by a set of resources of material, technical, educational and methodological support provided by organizations participating in the implementation of a bachelor's degree program in an online form.
7.1.4. In the case of the implementation of a bachelor's degree program in departments established in accordance with the established procedure in other organizations or other structural divisions of the organization, the requirements for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program must be ensured by the totality of the resources of these organizations.
7.1.5. The qualifications of management and scientific and pedagogical employees of the organization must correspond to the qualification characteristics established in the Unified Qualification Directory of Positions of Managers, Specialists and Employees, section "Qualification Characteristics of Positions of Managers and Specialists of Higher Professional and Additional Professional Education", approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated January 11, 2011 N 1n (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on March 23, 2011, registration N 20237), and professional standards (if any).
7.1.6. The share of full-time scientific and pedagogical workers (in rates reduced to integer values) must be at least 50 percent of the total number of scientific and pedagogical workers of the organization.
7.1.7. In an organization implementing bachelor's degree programs, the average annual amount of funding for scientific research per one scientific and pedagogical worker (in rates reduced to integer values) must be no less than the value of a similar indicator for monitoring the education system, approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
7.2. Requirements for personnel conditions for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program.
7.2.1. The implementation of the bachelor's degree program is ensured by the management and scientific-pedagogical employees of the organization, as well as by persons involved in the implementation of the bachelor's degree program under the terms of a civil law contract.
7.2.2. The share of scientific and pedagogical workers (in terms of rates reduced to integer values) with an education corresponding to the profile of the taught discipline (module) in the total number of scientific and pedagogical workers implementing the undergraduate program must be at least 70 percent.
7.2.3. The share of scientific and pedagogical workers (in terms of rates converted to integer values) who have an academic degree (including an academic degree awarded abroad and recognized in the Russian Federation) and (or) an academic title (including an academic title received abroad and recognized in the Russian Federation), the total number of scientific and pedagogical workers implementing the undergraduate program must be at least 70 percent.
7.2.4. The share of employees (in terms of rates reduced to integer values) from among the managers and employees of organizations whose activities are related to the focus (profile) of the bachelor's degree program being implemented (with at least 3 years of work experience in this professional field), in the total number of employees implementing the bachelor's degree program , must be at least 5 percent.
7.3. Requirements for material, technical, educational and methodological support of the undergraduate program.
7.3.1. Special premises should be classrooms for conducting lecture-type classes, seminar-type classes, course design (completing coursework), group and individual consultations, ongoing monitoring and intermediate certification, as well as rooms for independent work and rooms for storage and preventive maintenance of educational equipment. Special premises should be equipped with specialized furniture and technical teaching aids that serve to present educational information to a large audience.
To conduct lecture-type classes, sets of demonstration equipment and educational visual aids are offered, providing thematic illustrations corresponding to the sample programs of disciplines (modules), working curriculum of disciplines (modules).
The list of logistics necessary for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program includes laboratories equipped with laboratory equipment, depending on the degree of complexity. Specific requirements for material, technical, educational and methodological support are determined in the approximate basic educational programs.
Premises for independent work of students must be equipped with computer equipment with the ability to connect to the Internet and provide access to the electronic information and educational environment of the organization.
In the case of using e-learning and distance learning technologies, it is possible to replace specially equipped premises with their virtual counterparts, allowing students to master the skills required by their professional activities.
If the organization does not use an electronic library system (electronic library), the library collection must be equipped with printed publications at the rate of at least 50 copies of each edition of the basic literature listed in the work programs of disciplines (modules), practices, and at least 25 copies of additional literature per 100 students.
7.3.2. The organization must be provided with the necessary set of licensed software (the content is determined in the work programs of disciplines (modules) and is subject to annual updating).
7.3.3. Electronic library systems (electronic library) and electronic information and educational environment must provide simultaneous access to at least 25 percent of students in the undergraduate program.
7.3.4. Students must be provided with access (remote access), including in the case of the use of e-learning, distance educational technologies, to modern professional databases and information reference systems, the composition of which is determined in the work programs of disciplines (modules) and is subject to annual updating.
7.3.5. Students with disabilities should be provided with printed and (or) electronic educational resources in forms adapted to their health limitations.
7.4. Requirements for financial conditions for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program.
7.4.1. Financial support for the implementation of a bachelor's degree program must be carried out in an amount not lower than the basic standard costs established by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for the provision of public services in the field of education for a given level of education and field of study, taking into account correction factors that take into account the specifics of educational programs in accordance with the Methodology for determining standard costs for the provision of public services for the implementation of state accredited educational programs of higher education in specialties and areas of training, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 2, 2013 N 638 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on September 16, 2013, registration N 29967).
The most common entrance exams:
- Russian language
- Mathematics (profile) - specialized subject, at the choice of the university
- Foreign language - at the choice of the university
- Computer science and information and communication technologies (ICT) - at the university's choice
- Physics - optional at university
- Chemistry - at the university's choice
Physics is the study of the fundamental laws of nature. Technical physics examines these laws in practical application. In turn, the patterns identified by technical physics are used in engineering design and production. Thanks to the development of this area, modern enterprises engaged in the manufacture of technological equipment have the opportunity to improve their products and modernize technological processes. If you are well versed in physics and have not yet decided where to enroll, we advise you to consider the specialty 03/16/01 “Technical Physics”. This scientific field never stands still and requires a constant influx of young specialists ready to contribute to research activities.
Admission conditions
Although the field is directly related to physics, not all universities require applicants to present scores in this discipline. As a rule, the profile exam of the specialty is mathematics. Other items may include:
- Russian language,
- physics,
- computer science and ICT,
- foreign language,
- chemistry.
This range of disciplines is due to the right of educational institutions to independently establish a list of exams. To find out exactly what subjects you will need to take for admission, you need to contact the university of your choice and get all the information.
Future profession
During the training process, students are encouraged to study both areas: advanced physics and technical physics. Here they learn to conduct research into physical laws and model new phenomena. The majority of the educational program is occupied by the mathematical block, where students master the skills of mathematical analysis and study the theory of probability.
Where to apply
There is only one university in Moscow where graduates can master the proposed specialty. The profession is quite rare and narrowly focused, so there are not many educational institutions where you can start studying. Today in Russia there are only 17 universities that have a department of “Technical Physics” at their disposal, and the best of them are considered:
Training period
The duration of the undergraduate educational program in the full-time department is 4 years, in the part-time department - 5 years.
Disciplines included in the course of study
The main subjects of the specialty are:
- engineering and computer graphics,
- information Technology,
- mathematical physics,
- metrology and physical and technical measurements,
- Mechanics,
- theoretical physics,
- physical foundations of materials science,
- numerical methods of technical physics,
- experimental research methods,
- electronics and circuitry.
Acquired skills
As a result of completing the educational program, graduates master the following skills and abilities:
Job prospects by profession
Where to work after receiving a diploma? Depending on the chosen profile, graduates can get positions such as:
- circuit engineer,
- physicist,
- physicist-technologist,
- physics teacher,
- design physicist,
- electronics engineer,
- technologist.
Specialists in this field are most often involved in research institutes and laboratories or directly at manufacturing enterprises. For example, physicists whose profile is related to low temperatures can get a job in companies that deal with refrigeration equipment.
The salary of specialists is determined based on several criteria: experience, availability of grants, status. Thus, scientists engaged in research work at institutes can earn from 20,000 to 100,000 rubles. Specialists employed in technical production can count on a salary of 40,000 - 50,000 rubles.
Advantages of enrolling in a master's program
Many bachelor's students who fall in love with the profession decide to improve their knowledge in a master's program. Having studied the in-depth program, they receive a number of advantages:
- Opportunity to take a position in almost any manufacturing enterprise.
- Masters are more likely to occupy management positions and positions of leading engineers.
- In-depth theoretical knowledge is an excellent prerequisite for building a successful career as a scientist.
- The acquired teaching skills will allow graduates to become the head of the department or dean, and sometimes even the rector himself.