Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov is a remarkable Russian realist writer. His work has firmly entered the classical literature of our country. The originality of his artistic world is, according to N.A. Dobrolyubov, in that he was able to embrace in his work the full image of the subject, sculpt, mince it.

The main idea of ​​Goncharov in the novel "Oblomov"

In his novel, Ivan Alexandrovich condemns the noble inactivity. Oblomov's characterization in the novel "Oblomov" proves this, and soon you will be convinced of this. The author applauds the businesslike entrepreneurial class that was emerging at that time. For Goncharov, Oblomov's character is essential to his lordly pampering, as well as the inactivity resulting from it, the impotence of will and mind. The image of this hero under the hand of such an eminent master has resulted in a broad picture, in which the reader is presented with the pre-reform life of the country's local nobility. The work was written more than 100 years ago, but it still attracts attention to this day. This novel is undoubtedly a classic work created by the wonderful Russian language.

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov

What is the characteristic of Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov"? After reading it, everyone probably wants to understand who is closer to him in spirit: Stolz or Ilya Ilyich. At first glance, Oblomov's characterization is devoid of attractiveness. In the novel, this hero appears as a man of not his first youth. He tried to serve in the past, but he left all activity and became unable to return to it. He does not want not only to do something, but even to be in society, go for a walk, get dressed, just get up off the couch. The serene state of this hero is disturbed only by visitors who come only with selfish ends to Oblomov. For example, Tarantyev simply steals from him, borrowing money and not returning it. Oblomov turns out to be a victim of his visitors in the work, since he cannot understand the true purpose of their visits. The only exception is Stolz, a friend of his youth, who comes to visit him in Oblomovka.

However, Oblomov's characterization is not so unequivocally negative. We will return to it later.

Andrey Ivanovich Stolts

Stolz is the opposite of this hero in the novel. Goncharov portrayed him as a "new man". From childhood, Stolz was brought up in harsh conditions, gradually getting used to the difficulties and hardships of life. He is a businessman, alien to both official careerism and laziness of the nobility, who is distinguished by such a level of culture and such activity that at that time were not characteristic of the Russian merchants. Apparently, not knowing where to find such a person among Russian business people, Goncharov decided to make his hero the offspring of a semi-German family. Stolz, however, was raised by a Russian mother, who was a noblewoman, and also studied at the capital's university. This hero believes that through the construction of highways, fairs, marinas, schools, patriarchal "scraps" will turn into income-generating comfortable estates.

Views on Oblomov's life

The characteristic of Oblomov is not only marked by apathy. This hero is trying to "philosophize". Ilya Ilyich opposes the sincerity and kindness of the patriarchal life to the moral depravity of the representatives of the bureaucratic and noble society of the capital. He condemns him for striving for careerism, lack of serious interests, hidden by ostentatious courtesy of mutual hostility. In this respect, the author of the novel agrees with Ilya Ilyich. Oblomov's characterization is complemented by the fact that he is a romantic. This hero dreams mainly of quiet family happiness.

Stolz's attitude towards life

On the contrary, Stolz is the enemy of the “dream,” everything mysterious and enigmatic. However, he understands by "dream" not only rosy romance, but also all kinds of idealism. The author, explaining the beliefs of this hero, writes that in his eyes that which is not subjected to the analysis of practical truth, experience, is an optical illusion or a fact to which the turn of experience has not yet reached.

The meaning of a love conflict in revealing the characters of the main characters

A comparative description of Oblomov and Stolz would be incomplete if we did not reveal the topic of the relationship of these heroes with Olga Ilyinskaya. Goncharov introduces his characters into a love conflict in order to experience them with life itself, which will show what each of them is worth. Therefore, the heroine of "Oblomova" was supposed to be an outstanding personality. In Olga Ilyinskaya, we will not find any secular coquetry, no lordly quirks, nothing mannered, with a purpose made for success in life. This girl is distinguished by her beauty, as well as natural freedom of action, speech and look.

Both main characters created by Goncharov are defeated in a love relationship with this woman, each in its own way. And this reveals the inconsistency of the author's illusions in the assessment of both. Oblomov's "honest and loyal", "golden" heart suddenly turns into doubt along with his decency. Let us note that this hero, possessing "a heart as deep as a well," is shamefully disingenuous in front of the girl, referring to the fact that he "warned her" about his character. Olga understands that Ilya Ilyich "died a long time ago."

The consistent characterization of Oblomov and Stolz reveals more and more interesting details. Andrei Ivanovich appears again in the novel. He reappears in the work in order to take the place that Oblomov previously occupied. The characterization of the hero Stolz in his relationship with Olga reveals some important features in his image. Goncharov, showing his Parisian life with Ilyinskaya, wants to show the reader the breadth of views of his hero. In fact, he lowers it, because to be interested in everything means nothing systematically, in depth, seriously not to get carried away. It means to learn everything from someone else's words, to take from someone else's hands. Stolz could hardly keep up with Olga in her languid haste of will and thought. Contrary to the will of the author, the story about the life of these two heroes, which was supposed to be praise for Stolz, in the end turned out to be a means of exposing him. Stolz at the end of the novel seems to be only a self-confident reasoner. The reader no longer believes this hero, who could not save his friend, give his beloved happiness. Stolz's complete collapse is saved only by the author's tendentiousness. After all, Goncharov ("Oblomov") was on his side. The characteristic of Oblomov, created by the writer, as well as the author's voice in the novel, allow us to judge this.

The weakness of both heroes and the classes they represent

In addition to his own desire, Goncharov was able to show that not only the Russian nobility is degenerating. Not only Oblomov is weak. The characterization of Stolz's hero is also not devoid of this trait. Respectable entrepreneurs cannot historically become the successors of the nobility, since they are weak, limited and unable to take responsibility for solving the fundamental issues of the country's life.

The value of the image of Olga Ilyinskaya in Russian literature

So, the comparative characterization of Oblomov and Stolz shows that neither one nor the other can, each in its own way, evoke sympathy. But the heroine of the work, Olga Ilyinskaya, will become the prototype of the enlightened Russian woman. This prototype will later be found in the works of many classics of the 19th century.

Often a comparison between Ilya Ilyich and Andrei Ivanovich is presented as a table. The characteristic of Oblomov and Stolz, presented visually, helps to better remember information. Therefore, a comparative table in literature lessons as a type of work is often used at school. When deep analysis is required, it is better to refuse it. Namely, this was the task that stood at the creation of this article.

Goncharov's novel Oblomov was highly praised by critics of the second half of the 19th century. In particular, Belinsky noted that the work fell on the time and reflected the socio-political thought of the 50-60s of the nineteenth century. Two lifestyles - Oblomov and Stolz - are compared in this article.

Oblomov's characteristic

Ilya Ilyich was distinguished by his striving for peace, inaction. Oblomov cannot be called interesting and varied: he is used to spending most of the day in thought, lying on the couch. Plunging into these thoughts, he often did not get up from his bed, did not go out into the street, did not learn the latest news throughout the day. He did not read newspapers in principle, so as not to bother himself with unnecessary, and most importantly, meaningless information. Oblomov can be called a philosopher, he is worried about other issues: not everyday, not momentary, but eternal, spiritual. He is looking for meaning in everything.

When you look at him, one gets the impression that he is a happy free-thinker, not burdened with the hardships and problems of external life. But life "touches, gets everywhere" Ilya Ilyich, makes him suffer. Dreams remain only dreams, because he does not know how to translate them into real life. Even reading tires him: Oblomov has a lot of started books, but all of them remain unread, not understood. The soul seems to be dormant in him: he avoids unnecessary worries, worries, worries. In addition, Oblomov often compares his calm, secluded existence with the life of other people and finds that the way others live is not good for living: "When should we live?"

This is what Oblomov's ambiguous image is. "Oblomov" (Goncharov IA) was created with the aim of depicting the personality of this character - uncommon and extraordinary in its own way. Impulses and deep emotional experiences are not alien to him. Oblomov is a true dreamer with a poetic, sensitive nature.

Stolz characteristic

Oblomov's lifestyle cannot be compared with Stolz's worldview. The reader first meets this character in the second part of the work. Andrey Stolz loves order in everything: his day is scheduled by hours and minutes, dozens of important things are planned that need to be urgently redone. Today he is in Russia, tomorrow, you see, he has suddenly gone abroad. What Oblomov finds boring and meaningless is important and significant for him: trips to cities, villages, intentions to improve the quality of life of those around him.

He opens in his soul such treasures that Oblomov cannot even guess about. Stolz's way of life consists entirely of activity, which feeds his entire being with the energy of vigor. In addition, Stolz is a good friend: more than once he helped Ilya Ilyich in business matters. The lifestyle of Oblomov and Stolz is different from each other.

What is Oblomovism?

As a social phenomenon, the concept denotes a focus on the idle, monotonous, devoid of colors and any changes in life. Andrei Stolts called Oblomov's life itself, Oblomov's striving for endless peace and lack of any activity. Despite the fact that a friend constantly pushed Oblomov to the possibility of changing the way of existence, he did not budge at all, as if he did not have enough energy to do it. At the same time, we see that Oblomov admits his mistake, uttering the following words: "I have long been ashamed to live in the world." He feels useless, unnecessary and abandoned, and therefore he does not want to dust off the table, take apart the books that have been lying for a month, leave the apartment once again.

Love in the understanding of Oblomov

Oblomov's lifestyle did not in any way contribute to the acquisition of real, and not fictitious, happiness. He dreamed and made plans more than he really lived. Amazingly, in his life there was a place for quiet rest, philosophical reflections on the essence of life, but there was not enough strength for decisive action and implementation of intentions. Love for Olga Ilyinskaya temporarily pulls Oblomov out of his usual existence, makes him try new things, start taking care of himself. He even forgets old habits and sleeps only at night, and does business during the day. But still, love in Oblomov's worldview is directly related to dreams, thoughts and poetry.

Oblomov considers himself unworthy of love: he doubts whether Olga can love him, whether he suits her enough, whether he is capable of making her happiness. Such thoughts lead him to sad thoughts about his useless life.

Love as understood by Stolz

Stolz approaches the question of love more rationally. He does not indulge in ephemeral dreams in vain, as he looks at life soberly, without imagination, without the habit of analyzing. Stolz is a business man. He does not need romantic walks in the moonlight, loud declarations of love and sighs on the bench, because he is not Oblomov. Stolz's lifestyle is very dynamic and pragmatic: he makes an offer to Olga at the moment when he realizes that she is ready to accept him.

What did Oblomov come to?

As a result of protective and careful behavior, Oblomov misses the opportunity to build a close relationship with Olga Ilyinskaya. His marriage was upset shortly before the wedding - it took too long to get ready, to explain, to ask himself, to compare, to figure out, to analyze Oblomov. The characterization of the image of Oblomov Ilya Ilyich teaches not to repeat the mistakes of an idle, aimless existence, raises the question of what love really is? Is she the subject of sublime, poetic aspirations, or is it the calm joy, peace that Oblomov finds in the house of the widow of Agafya Pshenitsyna?

Why did Oblomov's physical death come?

The result of Ilya Ilyich's philosophical reflections is as follows: he chose to bury in himself former aspirations and even lofty dreams. with Olga, his life focused on everyday life. He knew no greater joy than a delicious meal and an afternoon nap. Gradually, the engine of his life began to stop, subside: ailments and cases became more frequent.Even previous thoughts left him: there was no longer a place for them in a quiet room that looked like a coffin, in all this sluggish life that lulled Oblomov, more and more distanced him from reality. Mentally, this man had been dead for a long time. Physical death was only a confirmation of the falsity of his ideals.

Stolz's achievements

Stolz, unlike Oblomov, did not miss his chance to become happy: he built family well-being with Olga Ilyinskaya. This marriage was accomplished out of love, in which Stolz did not fly into the clouds, did not stay in destructive illusions, but acted more than reasonably and responsibly.

The lifestyles of Oblomov and Stolz are diametrically opposed and opposed to each other. Both characters are unique, inimitable and significant in their own way. This may explain the strength of their friendship over the years.

Each of us is close to either the Stoltz or Oblomov type. There is nothing wrong with that, and the coincidences are likely to be only partial. Those who are deep, loving to reflect on the essence of life, most likely, will understand Oblomov's experiences, his restless mental rushes and searches. Business pragmatists who have left romance and poetry far behind will embody themselves with Stolz.

VitalOblomov and Stolz ideals

Throughout his life, I.A.Goncharov dreamed of people finding harmony of feeling and reason. Hereflected on the strength and poverty of “a person oncemind ”, about the charm and weakness of the“ man of the heart ”.In Oblomov, this thought became one of the leading,In this novel, two types of male characters are contrasted: passive and weak Oblomov, withhis heart of gold and pure soul, and energetic Stolz, able to overcome anystanding by the power of your mind and will. However, whatGoncharov's human ideal is not personifiedvan in none of them. Stolz does not seema writer with a more complete personality than Aboutcrowbar, at which he also looks "sobereyes. " Unbiased exposing the "extremes"nature of both, Goncharov advocated thethe loyalty of the spiritual world of a person with all the diversity of its manifestations.

Each of the main characters of the novel had their ownunderstanding the meaning of life, your life ideasalas that they dreamed of realizing. At the beginningnarratives to Ilya Ilyich Oblomov a little over thirty years old, he is a columnar nobleman, possessingthe body of the three hundred and fifty souls of the serfsyang inherited by him. Having served after graduating from Moscow University for threeyears in oyne of the metropolitan departments, he youretired with the rank of collegiate secretary.Since then he lived in St. Petersburg without a break. novelbegins with a description of one of his days, his habits and character. Oblomov's life to thattime has turned into a lazy crawlfrom day to day". Having retired from vigorous activity, he lay on the sofa and irritatedargued with Zakhar, a serf servant whory courted him. Revealing socialthe roots of Oblomovism, Goncharov shows that

“It all started with the inability to put on stockings, and the it seemed like an inability to live. "

Raised in a patriarchal noblefamily, Ilya Ilyich perceived life in ObloMovka, his family estate, with its peace and withoutaction as the ideal of a human beingniya. The norm of life was ready and taught aboutparents, and they took it from their parents. Three main acts of life were constantly played out in front of little Ilyusha in childhood; homeland, weddings, funerals. Then after were given by their subdivisions: christenings, name days,family holidays. Focus on thisall the pathos of life. This was "shirocky expanse of lordly life "with itsness, which has forever become the ideal of life for Ob lomov a.

All Oblomovites treated work as a punishment and did not like it, considering it something of a humiliationnym. Therefore, life in the eyes of Ilya Ilyich oncewas divided into two halves. One consisted of truand boredom, and they were synonyms for him.The other is out of peace and peaceful fun. In about lomov ke Ilya Ilyich was also instilled in the feelingin superiority over other people. "Another"he cleans his boots, dresses himself, escapes himselffor what you need. This "other" haswork tirelessly. Ilyusha, on the other hand, was "brought up tenderly.but, neither cold nor hunger, he did not endure, there was no needknew, did not earn bread for himself, black workI didn’t do it. ” And he considered study a punishment sent by heaven for sins, and avoided schoolclasses whenever possible. After graduating from uni version, he was no longer concerned with his education, was not interested in science, art, politics.

When Oblomov was young, he expected a lot fromfate, and from myself. Prepared to serve fatherland, play a prominent role in public

life, dreamed of family happiness. But the days went byafter days, and he was still going to start life, everythingdrew my future in my mind. However, "the flower of life blossomed and did not bear fruit."

The future service did not appear to him in the formharsh activities, and in the form of some "familieslesson ". It seemed to him that the officials,employees together form a friendly and closea family whose members tirelessly care for mutual pleasure. However, his youthfulthe views were deceived. Not youpowers of difficulties, he resigned,alive for only three years and having done nothing mean corporeal.

Only Stolz's youthful fervor could stillhit Oblomov, and in dreams he sometimes burned out fromthirst for work and a distant but attractive pricewhether. It happened, lying on the couch, he flared upthe desire to point out to humanity its vices.He will quickly change two poses, with shiningeyes rise on the bed and inspiredlooks around. It seems that his high wuxiit is about to turn into a heroic deed and bring good consequences to mankind. Sometimes he imagineshimself an invincible commander: he will invent a war, arrange new crusades, perform feats of goodness and magnanimity. Or, introducinghimself a thinker, an artist, he in his mindreaps laurels, everyone worships him,the crowd chases after him. However, in reality he was notable to figure out how to manage your ownestate and easily became the prey of such scammers as Tarantiev and the ebratts "his quarters shooting gallery mistress.

Over time, he developed remorse that haunted him. He was in painfor his underdevelopment, for the severity that prevented himlive. He was gnawed by envy that others live like thisfull and wide, but something prevents him from boldly walking

through life. He painfully felt that wellthe neck and the bright beginning are buried in him, as in a grave. He tried to find the culprit outside himself and did not finddil. However, apathy and indifference quickly replaced there is anxiety in his soul, and he is again peacefulslept on his couch.

Even love for Olga did not revive him for practice.tic life. Faced with the needI can act, overcoming the ones that got in the waydifficulties, he got scared and retreated. Having settledon the Vyborg side, he completely left himself to the cares of Agafya Pshenitsyna, windowshaving deliberately removed from active life.

In addition to this inability brought up by the lordship,Oblomov is prevented from being active by many othergoe. He really feels objectively su the existing disunity of the "poetic" and"Practical" in life, and this is the reason for his bitter disappointment. He is outraged that the highest meaning of human existence in society is often replaced by a false, imaginarycontent "Although Oblomov has nothing to argue withStolz's reproaches, some kind of spiritual righteousness for key in the confession of Ilya Ilyich that he failed to understand this life.

If at the beginning of the novel Goncharov says more rit about Oblomov laziness, then at the end the theme of Oblomov's "golden heart" sounds more and more insistently,which he carried unharmed through life. NotOblomov's happiness is associated not only with socialenvironment, the influence of which he could not resistyat. It is also contained in the “fatal excess of hearttsa ". The softness, delicacy, vulnerability of the hero disarm his will and render him powerless in the face of people and circumstances.

As opposed to passive and idleness to Oblomov Stolz was conceived a carrum as a completely unusual figure, Gonchathe moat sought to make it attractive to

reader with his "efficiency", rationalpracticality. These qualities have not yet beencharacteristic of the heroes of Russian literature.

Son of a German burgher and a Russian noblewoman,Andrei Stolts since childhood thanks to his father sexchil labor, practical education. It is incombined with the poetic influence of his mothermade him a special person. UnlikeOutwardly rounded Oblomov, Stolz was thin, all consisted of muscles and nerves. From himbreathed some freshness and strength.<«Как в орга­ there was nothing superfluous in hisism, and in his temperhe was looking for the essential functions of his lifebalancing the practical sides with subtleneeds of the spirit. " "He walked steadily through life"cheerfully, lived on a budget, trying to spend everyevery day, like every ruble. " He attributed the cause of any failure to himself, “and not veshawl like a caftan on someone else's nail. " He aimeddevelop a simple and direct view oflife. Most of all he feared the imagination,"This two-faced companion", and every dream,therefore, everything mysterious and mysterious is notthere was a place in his soul. Anything that does not exposeanalysis of experience does not correspond to practicalwhich truth, he considered a deception. Labor was imagezom, content, element and purpose of his lifeneither. Above all, he put persistence in dospursuing goals: it was a sign of characterin his eyes. According to the author's thoughts, personalitiesthe future must belong to Stolz:"How many Stolts should appear under the Russian in my names! "

Emphasizing rationalism and volitional qualitieshis hero, Goncharov, however, was aware of the serStolz's childish callousness. Apparently a man"Budget", emotionally contained within tight and tight limits, not the hero of Goncharov, the writer speaks of the "moral

your hero as a physiological work opganism or on the administration of official dutiesnost. Friendly feelings cannot be “sent”.However, in relation to Stolz to Oblomov, thisthe shade is present.

In the development of the action, Stolz is little by little aboutreveals himself as "not a hero." For Goncharov, whory sang the holy folly of Chatsky and preredly understood the anxiety of great spiritualrequests, it was a sign of internal failure. Lack of high purpose, I understandthe meaning of human life is constantly being discoveredrushes, despite the ebullient activityStolz in the practical sphere. He has nothing to skacall Oblomov in response to the admission that histhe friend did not find meaning in the surrounding life. Having received Olga's consent to the marriage, Stolz pronouncedsits puzzling words: "All found, nothinglook, nowhere else to go. " And later he will carefully try to persuade the alarmedOlga resign herself to the "rebellious questionmi ", excluding the" Faustian " anxiety.

Remaining objective about everyonehis heroes, the writer explores the innerthe possibilities of different modern humanstypes, finding strength and weakness in each ofthem. However, Russian reality has not yetwaited for her true hero. According to DoBrolyubov, a real historical case in Russiathis was not in the sphere of practicality and bargaining, butin the fight for the renewal of the public criminal codefret. Active existence and new, asset some people were still only a prospect, alreadyvery close, but still not realstew. It has already become clear what kind of person is not neededRussia ", but that kind of deactivities and the type of actor that she needs are.

All his life Goncharov dreamed of finding harmony of feeling and reason for people. He reflected on the strength and poverty of the "man of reason", on the charm and weakness of the "man of the heart." In Oblomov, this idea became one of the leading ones. In this novel, two types of male characters are opposed: passive and weak Oblomov, with his heart of gold and pure soul, and energetic Stolz, who overcomes any circumstances with the strength of his mind and will. However, the human ideal of Goncharov is not personified in either one or the other. Stolz does not seem to the writer a more complete personality than Oblomov, whom he also looks at with "sober eyes." Unbiasedly exposing the "extremes" of the nature of both, Goncharov advocated the completeness and integrity of the spiritual world of man with all the diversity of its manifestations.

Each of the main characters of the novel had their own understanding of the meaning of life, their own ideals in life, which they dreamed of realizing.

At the beginning of the story, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a little over thirty years old, he is a columnar nobleman, the owner of three hundred and fifty souls of serfs, inherited by him. After serving three years after graduating from Moscow University in one of the Moscow departments, he retired with the rank of collegiate secretary. Since then he lived in St. Petersburg without a break. The novel begins with a description of one of his days, his habits and character. Oblomov's life by that time had turned into a lazy "crawling from day to day." Having retired from vigorous activity, he lay on the sofa and irritatedly argued with Zakhar, his serf servant who looked after him. Revealing the social roots of Oblomovism, Goncharov shows that "it all began with the inability to put on stockings, and ended with the inability to live."

Raised in a patriarchal noble family, Ilya Ilyich perceived life in Oblomovka, his family estate, with its peace and inaction as the ideal of human existence.
Three main acts of life were constantly played out in front of little Ilya in childhood: homeland, weddings, funerals. Then followed their divisions: christenings, name days, family holidays. All life's pathos is focused on this. This was the "wide expanse of lordly life" with its idleness, which forever became the ideal of life for Oblomov.

All Oblomovites treated work as a punishment and did not like it, considering it something humiliating. Therefore, life in the eyes of Ilya Ilyich was divided into two halves. One consisted of toil and boredom, and these were synonyms for him. The other is out of peace and peaceful fun. In Oblomovka, Ilya Ilyich was also instilled with a sense of superiority over other people. The “other” cleans his own boots, dresses himself, and runs off for whatever is needed. This “other” has to work tirelessly. Ilyusha, however, "was raised tenderly, he did not endure either cold or hunger, he did not know the need, he did not earn his own bread, he did not engage in black business." And he considered studying as a punishment sent by heaven for sins, and avoided schoolwork whenever possible. After graduating from the university, he was no longer engaged in his education, was not interested in science, art, politics.

When Oblomov was young, he expected a lot both from fate and from himself. He was preparing to serve the fatherland, to play a prominent role in public life, and dreamed of family happiness. But days went by, and he was still going to start life, he was drawing his future in his mind. However, "the flower of life blossomed and did not bear fruit."

The future service seemed to him not in the form of harsh activity, but in the form of some kind of "family occupation." It seemed to him that the officials, serving together, constituted a friendly and close family, all members of which tirelessly care for mutual pleasure. However, his youthful ideas were deceived. Unable to withstand the difficulties, he resigned, serving only three years and not having accomplished anything significant.

It happened, lying on the sofa, he flushed with the desire to point out to mankind its vices. He will quickly change two or three positions, stand up on the bed with sparkling eyes and look around with inspiration. It seems that his high effort is about to turn into a heroic deed and bring good consequences to humanity. Sometimes he imagines himself an invincible commander: he will invent a war, organize new crusades, perform feats of goodness and magnanimity. Or, imagining himself as a thinker, an artist, he reaps laurels in his imagination, everyone worships him, the crowd chases after him. However, in reality, he was not able to understand the management of his own estate and easily became the prey of such scammers as Tarantyev and the "brother" of his landlady.

Over time, he developed remorse that haunted him. He was hurt for his underdevelopment, for the heaviness that prevented him from living. He was gnawed with envy that others live so fully and widely, and something prevents him from boldly going through life. He painfully felt that a good and bright beginning was buried in him, as in a grave. He tried to find the culprit outside himself and did not find it. However, apathy and indifference quickly replaced anxiety in his soul, and he again slept peacefully on his sofa.

Even his love for Olga did not revive him to practical life. Faced with the need to act, overcoming the difficulties that got in the way, he was frightened and retreated. Having settled on the Vyborg side, he completely abandoned himself to the cares of Agafya Pshenitsyna, finally withdrawing from active life.

In addition to this inability brought up by the nobility, many other things prevent Oblomov from being active. He really feels the objectively existing separation of the “poetic” and “practical” in life, and this is the reason for his bitter disappointment.

If at the beginning of the novel Goncharov speaks more about Oblomov's laziness, then at the end the theme of Oblomov's “golden heart” sounds more and more insistently, which he carried unharmed through life. Oblomov's misfortune is connected not only with the social environment, the influence of which he could not resist. It is also contained in the "fatal excess of the heart." The gentleness, delicacy, vulnerability of the hero disarm his will and make him powerless in front of people and circumstances.

In contrast to the passive and inactive Oblomov, Stolz was conceived by the author as a completely unusual figure. Goncharov strove to make him attractive to the reader by his "efficiency", rational skillful practicality. Until now, these qualities have not been characteristic of the heroes of Russian literature.

The son of a German burgher and a Russian noblewoman, Andrei Stolts from childhood, thanks to his father, received a labor, practical education. It, combined with the poetic influence of his mother, made him a special person. Unlike the rounded Oblomov, he was thin, all consisted of muscles and nerves. Some freshness and strength emanated from him. "As in his body there was nothing superfluous, so in the moral functions of his life, he sought the balance of the practical aspects with the subtle needs of the spirit." "Through life he walked firmly, cheerfully, lived on a budget, trying to spend every day, like every ruble." He attributed the cause of any failure to himself, "and did not hang it like a caftan on someone else's nail." He strove to develop a simple and direct outlook on life. Most of all he was afraid of the imagination, "this two-faced companion", and any dream, so everything mysterious and mysterious had no place in his soul. Everything that is not subjected to the analysis of experience does not correspond to practical truth, he considered a deception.

Although Oblomov has nothing to argue with Stolz's reproaches, some kind of spiritual righteousness lies in Ilya Ilyich's confession that he did not manage to understand this life.

If at the beginning of the novel Goncharov speaks more about Oblomov's laziness, then at the end the theme of Oblomov's "golden heart" sounds more and more insistently, which he carried unharmed through life. Oblomov's misfortune is connected not only with the social environment, the influence of which he could not resist. It is also contained in the "fatal excess of the heart." The gentleness, delicacy, vulnerability of the hero disarm his will and make him powerless in front of people and circumstances.

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	Oblomov	Stolz
origin	from a wealthy noble family with patriarchal traditions. his parents, like grandfathers, did nothing: serfs worked for them	from a poor family: father (Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman
upbringing	his parents accustomed him to idleness and peace (they did not allow him to pick up the dropped thing, dress himself, pour water for himself), labor in the wreck was a punishment, it was believed that he bears the stigma of slavery. the family had a cult of food, and after eating, a deep sleep	his father gave him the upbringing that he received from his father: he taught all the practical sciences, forced him to work early, and sent his son, who had graduated from the university, away from him. his father taught him that the main thing in life is money, strictness and accuracy
pledged program	vegetation and sleep-passive beginning	energy and vigorous activity - active principle
characteristic	the kind, lazy one is most worried about his own peace. for him, happiness is complete peace and good food. he spends his life on the couch without taking off his comfortable robe. does nothing, has no interest in anything. loves to withdraw into himself and live in the world of dreams and dreams created by him. amazing childish purity of his soul and introspection, worthy of a philosopher the embodiment of gentleness and meekness.	strong and intelligent, he is in constant activity and does not shun the most dastardly work. thanks to his hard work, willpower, patience and enterprise, he became a rich and famous person. a real "iron" character was formed. but in some way he resembles a machine, a robot, his whole life is so clearly programmed, verified and calculated in front of us is a dryish rationalist
love test	he needs love not equal but maternal (the kind that Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him)	he needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya)

• Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna Character traits Captivating, delightful, promising, good-natured, warm-hearted and unfeigned, special, innocent, proud. Good-natured, open, trusting, sweet and restrained, caring, thrifty, neat, independent, constant, stands his ground. Appearance Tall, light face, delicate thin neck, gray-blue eyes, fluffy eyebrows, long braid, small compressed lips. Gray-eyed; nice face; well-fed; […]
• Despite the significant volume of the work, there are relatively few characters in the novel. This allows Goncharov to give detailed characteristics of each of them, to compose detailed psychological portraits. Female characters in the novel were no exception. In addition to psychologism, the author makes extensive use of the method of oppositions and the system of antipodes. Such pairs can be called "Oblomov and Stolz" and "Olga Ilyinskaya and Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna". The last two images are complete opposites of each other, their [...]
• Andrei Stolts is Oblomov's closest friend, they grew up together and carried their friendship through life. It remains a mystery how such dissimilar people with such different outlooks on life could maintain a deep affection. Initially, the image of Stolz was conceived as a complete antipode to Oblomov. The author wanted to combine German prudence and the breadth of the Russian soul, but this idea was not destined to be realized. As the novel developed, Goncharov realized more and more clearly that in the given conditions it was so simple [...]
• In his novel Oblomov, the remarkable Russian prose writer of the second half of the 19th century, Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov, reflected the difficult time of transition from one era of Russian life to another. Feudal relations, the estate type of economy were replaced by the bourgeois way. For centuries, the established views of people on life were crumbling. The fate of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov can be called an "ordinary story" typical of landowners who lived serenely at the expense of the labor of serfs. The environment and upbringing made them weak-willed, apathetic people, not [...]
• Oblomov's image in Russian literature closes the row of "superfluous" people. An inactive contemplator, incapable of active action, at first glance really seems incapable of a great and bright feeling, but is this really so? In the life of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, there is no place for global and cardinal changes. Olga Ilyinskaya, an extraordinary and beautiful woman, strong and strong-willed nature, undoubtedly attracts the attention of men. For Ilya Ilyich, an indecisive and timid person, Olga becomes an object [...]
• IA Goncharov's novel is all permeated with various opposites. The reception of the antithesis on which the novel is built helps to better understand the character of the heroes, the author's intention. Oblomov and Stolz are two completely different personalities, but, as they say, opposites converge. They are connected by childhood and school, which you can learn about in the chapter “Oblomov's Dream”. From it it becomes clear that everyone loved little Ilya, caressed, did not allow him to do anything himself, although at first he was eager to do everything himself, but then they resorted to him [...]
• In the novel "Oblomov" the mastery of Goncharov as a prose writer was fully manifested. Gorky, who called Goncharov "one of the giants of Russian literature," noted his special, plastic language. The poetic language of Goncharov, his talent for figurative reproduction of life, the art of creating typical characters, compositional completeness and the enormous artistic power of the picture of Oblomovism and the image of Ilya Ilyich presented in the novel - all this contributed to the fact that the novel "Oblomov" took its rightful place among the masterpieces [...]
• In the novel by I. A. Goncharov “Oblomov” one of the main methods for disclosing images is the method of antithesis. With the help of opposition, the image of the Russian master Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is compared with the image of the practical German Andrei Stolz. Thus, Goncharov shows what is the similarity and what is the difference between these heroes of the novel. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a typical representative of the Russian nobility of the 19th century. His social position can be briefly described as follows: “Oblomov, a nobleman by birth, a collegiate secretary by rank, [...]
• There is a type of book where the reader is carried away by the story not from the first pages, but gradually. I think Oblomov is just such a book. Reading the first part of the novel, I was inexpressibly bored and did not even imagine that Oblomov's laziness would lead him to some kind of sublime feeling. Gradually, the boredom began to go away, and the novel captured me, I read it with interest. I have always liked books about love, but Goncharov gave it an interpretation unknown to me. It seemed to me that boredom, monotony, laziness, [...]
• Introduction. Some people find Goncharov's novel Oblomov boring. Yes, indeed, the entire first part of Oblomov lies on the couch, receiving guests, but here we get to know the hero. In general, there are few intriguing actions and events in the novel that are so interesting to the reader. But Oblomov is “our people's type”, and it is he who is a bright representative of the Russian people. Therefore, the novel interested me. In the main character, I saw a particle of myself. Do not think that Oblomov is only a representative of the Goncharov era. And now they live [...]
• Oblomov's personality is far from ordinary, although other characters treat him with slight disrespect. For some reason, they read it almost flawed in comparison with them. This was precisely the task of Olga Ilyinskaya - to wake Oblomov, to make him show himself as an active person. The girl believed that love would move him to great achievements. But she was deeply mistaken. It is impossible to awaken in a person what he does not have. Because of this misunderstanding, people's hearts broke, the heroes suffered and it was hard [...]
• By the middle of the XIX century. Under the influence of the realistic school of Pushkin and Gogol, a new remarkable generation of Russian writers grew up and formed. The genius critic Belinsky already in the 40s noted the appearance of a whole group of talented young authors: Turgenev, Ostrovsky, Nekrasov, Herzen, Dostoevsky, Grigorovich, Ogarev, etc. Among these promising writers was Goncharov, the future author of Oblomov, the first novel whose "Ordinary History" was highly appreciated by Belinsky. LIFE AND CREATIVITY I. [...]
• Raskolnikov Luzhin Age 23 About 45 Occupation Former student, dropped out due to inability to pay. Successful lawyer, court counselor. Appearance Very handsome, dark blond hair, dark eyes, slender and thin, above average height. Dressed extremely poorly, the author points out that another person would even be ashamed to go out into the street in such a thing. Middle-aged, dignified and prim. There is a constant expression of grumpiness on his face. Dark sideburns, curled hair. The face is fresh and [...]
• Nastya Mitrasha Nickname Golden Hen Peasant in a bag Age 12 years 10 years Appearance A beautiful girl with golden hair, her face is all freckled, but only one clean nose. The boy is of short stature, dense build, has a large forehead and a wide back of the head. His face is freckled and his clean nose looks up. Character Kind, reasonable, overcame greed in himself Brave, savvy, kind, courageous and strong-willed, stubborn, hardworking, purposeful, [...]
• Luzhin Svidrigailov Age 45 About 50 Appearance He is no longer young. A prim and dignified man. Obese, which is reflected on the face. He wears curled hair and sideburns, which, however, doesn't make him funny. The whole appearance is very youthful, it does not look at its age. Partly also because all clothes are exclusively in light colors. Loves good things - a hat, gloves. A nobleman, who used to serve in the cavalry, has connections. Occupation Very successful lawyer, court [...]
• Olesya Ivan Timofeevich Social status Simple girl. City intellectual. “Barin”, as Manuilikha and Olesya call him, “Panych” calls Yarmila. Lifestyle, occupations Lives in the forest with her grandmother and is happy with her life. Doesn't recognize hunting. He loves animals very much and takes care of them. A city dweller who, by the will of fate, found himself in a remote village. Tries to write stories. In the village he hoped to find many legends, stories, but very quickly got bored. The only entertainment was [...]
• The name of the hero How did you get “to the bottom” Features of speech, characteristic remarks What Bubnov dreams of In the past, he owned a dye shop. Circumstances forced him to leave in order to survive, while his wife got along with the master. He claims that a person cannot change his fate, therefore he floats with the flow, sinking to the bottom. Often shows cruelty, skepticism, lack of good qualities. "All people on earth are superfluous." It is difficult to say that Bubnov is dreaming of something, given [...]
• Bazarov E. V. Kirsanov P. P. Appearance Tall young man with long hair. The clothes are poor and unkempt. Doesn't pay attention to his own appearance. Handsome middle-aged man. Aristocratic, "thoroughbred" appearance. She carefully looks after herself, dresses fashionably and expensively. Origin Father - a military doctor, not rich simple family. A nobleman, the son of a general. In his youth, he led a noisy metropolitan life, built a military career. Education A very educated person. […]
• Troekurov Dubrovsky Quality of characters Negative hero Main positive hero Character Spoiled, selfish, licentious. Noble, generous, determined. Has a hot temper. A person who knows how to love not for money, but for the beauty of the soul. Occupation A wealthy nobleman, spends his time in gluttony, drunkenness, leads a dissolute life. Humiliation of the weak brings him great pleasure. Has a good education, served as a cornet in the guard. After […]
• Character Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Napoleon Bonaparte The appearance of the hero, his portrait "... simplicity, kindness, really ...". This is a living, deeply feeling and experiencing person, the image of a "father", an "elder" who understands and has seen life. The satirical image of the portrait: "fat thighs of short legs", "fat short figure", unnecessary movements, which are accompanied by vanity. Hero's speech Simple speech, with unambiguous words and a confidential tone, respectful attitude towards the interlocutor, the group [...]