You can be great in humility.

F. M. Dostoevsky

The image of Sonechka Marmeladova in the novel Crime and Punishment is for Dostoevsky the embodiment of the eternal humility and suffering of the female soul with her compassion for loved ones, love for people and boundless self-sacrifice. Meek and quiet Sonechka Marmeladova, weak, timid, unrequited, in order to save her family and relatives from hunger, decides on a terrible act for a woman. We understand that her decision is an inevitable, inexorable result of the conditions in which she lives, but at the same time it is an example of active action in the name of saving the lost. She has nothing but her body, and therefore the only possible way for her to save the little Marmeladovs from starvation is to engage in prostitution. Seventeen-year-old Sonya made a choice herself, made a decision herself, chose the road herself, feeling neither resentment nor anger toward Katerina Ivanovna, whose words were the last impetus that brought Sonya to the panel. Therefore, her soul did not harden, did not hate the hostile world to her, the dirt of street life did not touch her soul. She is saved by endless philanthropy. Sonya's whole life is an eternal sacrifice, an unselfish and endless sacrifice. But this is the meaning of life for Sonya, her happiness, her joy, she cannot live otherwise. Her love for people, like an eternal spring, feeds her tormented soul, gives her strength to walk the thorny path that is her whole life. She even thought about suicide in order to get rid of the shame and torment. Raskolnikov also believed that "it would be fairer and wiser to head straight into the water and end it all at once!" But suicide for Sonya would be too selfish a way out, and she thought about "them" - hungry children, and therefore consciously and humbly accepted the fate prepared for her. Humility, humility, Christian all-forgiving love for people, self-denial are the main things in Sonya's character.

Raskolnikov believes that Sonya's sacrifice is in vain, that she did not save anyone, but only “ruined” herself. But life refutes these words of Raskolnikov. It is to Sonya that Raskolnikov comes to confess his sin - the murder he committed. It is she who makes Raskolnikov confess to the crime, proving that the true meaning of life is in repentance and suffering. She believes that no one person has the right to take the life of another: "And who made me a judge: who should live, who should die?" Raskolnikov's convictions terrify her, but she does not push him away from herself. Great compassion makes her strive to convince, morally cleanse Raskolnikov's ruined soul. Sonya saves Raskolnikov, her love resurrects him to life.

Love helped Sonya understand that he is unhappy, that, with all his visible pride, he needs help and support. Love helped step over the double murder obstacle in order to try to resurrect and rescue the killer. Sonya goes to hard labor for Raskolnikov. Sonya's love and sacrifice cleanse her of a shameful and sad past. Sacrifice in love is an eternal trait characteristic of Russian women.

Sonia finds salvation for herself and for Raskolnikov in faith in God. Her faith in God is her last self-affirmation, giving her the opportunity to do good in the name of those to whom she sacrifices herself, her argument that her sacrifice will not be useless, that life will soon find its outcome in universal justice. Hence her inner strength and resilience, helping to go through the "circles of hell" of her joyless and tragic life. You can talk a lot about Sonia. She can be considered a heroine or an eternal martyr, but it is simply impossible not to admire her courage, her inner strength, her patience.

One of the central characters in the novel Crime and Punishment is Sonya Marmeladova.

This girl has a difficult fate. Sonya's mother passed away early, her father married another woman who has her own children. Need forced Sonya to earn money in a low way: she was forced to go to the panel. It would seem that after such an act, Sonya should have been angry with her stepmother, because she practically forced Sonya to earn money in this way. But Sonya forgave her, moreover, every month she brings money to the house in which she no longer lives. Sonya changed outwardly, but her soul remained the same: crystal clear. Sonya is ready to sacrifice herself for the sake of others, and not everyone can do that. She could live "in spirit and mind," but she must feed her family. And this act proves her disinterestedness. Sonya did not condemn people for their actions, did not condemn either her father or Raskolnikov. The death of her father left a deep mark on Sonya's soul: "From under this ... hat peeped out a thin, pale and frightened face with an open mouth and eyes fixed with horror." Sonya loved her father, despite all his shortcomings. Therefore, his unexpected death was a great loss in Sonya's life.

She understands and experiences their pain together with people. So, she did not blame Raskolnikov when he confessed to her that he had committed a crime: “She suddenly took him by both hands and bowed her head to her shoulder. This short gesture even struck Raskolnikov with bewilderment, it was even strange: how? not the slightest disgust, not the slightest disgust for him, not the slightest shudder in her hand! " Sonya realized that by killing the old woman-pawnbroker, Raskolnikov had killed himself. His theory collapsed, and he is at a loss. Sonechka, sincerely believing in God, advises him to pray, repent, and worship the earth. Raskolnikov understands that Sonya is an exceptional person: "Foolish, foolish!" To which Sonya replies: "Why, I am ... dishonest ... I am a great sinner." She has no one to hope for, no one to expect help from, so she believes in God. In prayer, Sonya finds comfort, so much needed by her soul. She does not judge people, since only God has the right to do so. But she does not force faith. She wants Raskolnikov to come to this himself. Although Sonya instructs and asks him: "Cross yourself, pray at least once." She loves this man and is ready to go with him even to hard labor, because she believes: Raskolnikov will understand his guilt, repent, and start a new life. Life with her, with Sonya. Love and faith give her strength in any trials and difficulties. And it was her infinite patience, quiet love, faith and desire to help a loved one - all this together made it possible for Raskolnikov to start a new life. For Sonya and for Dostoevsky himself, man's compassion for man is characteristic. Raskolnikov teaches Sonya courage and masculinity. Sonya teaches him mercy and love, forgiveness and compassion. She helps him find a way to resurrect the soul, but Raskolnikov himself strives for this. It is only in hard labor that he understands and accepts Sonya's faith and love: “Can her convictions not be my convictions now? Her feelings, her aspirations, at least ... "Realizing this, Raskolnikov becomes happy and makes Sonya happy:" He knew with what endless love he would now redeem all her suffering. " Sonia is given happiness as a reward for her suffering.

Sonya is Dostoevsky's ideal. Because only a highly moral person, sincere and loving, can be an ideal. Sonya brings with her the light of hope and faith, love and sympathy, tenderness and understanding - this is how a person should be, according to Dostoevsky. And I completely agree with him.

Municipal educational institution gymnasium number 59.

Ulyanovsk region, Ulyanovsk.

Literature grade 10.

"Sonechka ...

Eternal Sonechka! "

prepared

Kashtankina Svetlana Nikolaevna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

the highest qualification category.

Ulyanovsk

Topic: "Sonechka ... Eternal Sonechka!"

Lesson objectives:

Educational:

determine what the "truth" of Sonya Marmeladova is;

to trace how Raskolnikov's view of Sonechka's “crime” changes throughout the novel;

how Raskolnikov's Christian values ​​are discovered through Sonechka's "truth";

to comprehend the words of Dostoevsky, made in the epigraph of the lesson.

Developing:

the formation of the communicative competence of students, the ability to critically analyze, systematize and evaluate information; find causal relationships; work with text;

develop students' creativity and speaking skills;

broaden your horizons.

Educating:

education of moral concepts (love, pity, compassion, faith);

improving the skills of individual and group work.

Tasks:

show what the writer sees as the source of the renewal of life, how he decides what to do to change the existing world order;

analyze the scenes in which the writer's protest against the inhumanity of society sounds;

foster tolerance for different religions.

During the classes.

1... Introductory speech of the teacher.

It has become customary to talk about Turgenev women. But what spontaneous power of protest is endowed with the female images of F.M. Dostoevsky.

A large place in his novels is given to the female theme, since Fyodor Mikhailovich believes that it is in a woman that a high moral force is contained, capable of changing life for the better. All the sympathies of the writer are on the side of those heroines who were beaten and ruined by life, who defended their right and dignity. His heroines are rebellious, they have not resigned themselves to reality.

In the novel "Crime and Punishment", female images help not only to more fully understand the main character Rodion Raskolnikov, but also help him to comprehend life in a new way.

2. Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Today our lesson will be devoted to Sonya Marmeladova, since it is she, according to F. Dostoevsky, who is almost the main character after Raskolnikov.

"Sonechka ... Eternal Sonechka!"

How do you understand this phrase?

(Eternal means always existing. These words contain a symbol. Eternal Sonechka is a symbol of sacrifice and human suffering.)

3. Working with the epigraph.

A woman ... if she is morally worthy,

Equal to all, equal to kings.

F.M. Dostoevsky.

What does F.M. Dostoevsky?

(F. Dostoevsky puts into the concept of morality the eternal Christian commandments that should lead a person through life.)

What does the expression "equal to kings" mean?

(A king is a sovereign, which means "equal to kings" - a powerful one.)

In the lesson, we must find out: Is Sonya Marmeladova morally worthy, what does she sacrifice and in whose name is she “equal to kings”?

4. The idea of ​​creating the image of Sonya Marmeladova.

Speech by the group "Researchers".

1) The image of Sonya Marmeladova was not immediately determined. In the earliest records, only the "official's daughter", "she" is mentioned. F. Dostoevsky, obviously, at first intended to emphasize the professional traits of this heroine: “Once she meets her who is a hunter. Scandal in the street. She stole. "

At the end of the same notebook, reflections on the nature of this image are entered: “The daughter of an official, in passing, bring it out a little and more original. Simple and downtrodden creature. Better dirty and drunk with fish. "

"Drunk with a fish" is, obviously, the image of a drunken, beaten prostitute thrown into the street and pounding salted fish down the stairs, an image drawn by the hero of "Notes from the Underground".

2) But already in the next notebook, Sonya Marmeladova appears before the readers as in the final text of the novel - the embodiment of the Christian idea: "She considers herself constantly a deep sinner, a fallen lecher, who cannot be prayed for salvation." Life for Sonya is unthinkable without faith in God and the immortality of the soul: "That I was without God." Marmeladov also expressed this idea very vividly in the rough sketches for the novel.

The idea of ​​f. Dostoevsky has changed in relation to dormouse, because "drunk with a fish" is a fallen woman who has gone down morally. He decided to show a woman illuminated by an aura of purity and even holiness. Trading her body, she earned money to feed the hungry children of Katerina Ivanovna. The contrast of her pure spiritual appearance and dirty profession, the terrible fate of a girl-child is a strong proof of the criminality of society.

5. Psychological portrait of Sonya Marmeladova.

Speech by psychologists.

In F. Dostoevsky's novels, every detail, every stroke, every proper name has its own meaning. For Dostoevsky, "even punctuation marks must be reckoned with."

1) His own names reflect the personality of his characters.

Sonya Marmeladova.

Sophia is "wisdom", "listening to God", helping people.

The surname Marmeladov is contrasted with the surname of Raskolnikov. Marmalade is a sweet viscous mass that has the ability to adhere into a single whole. Sonya, as it were, glues the separate halves of Raskolnikov's soul into a single whole. The surname indicates the integrity of Sonya's nature.

2) We learn about the inner world of the heroes not only from the description of their actions, feelings, experiences. Dostoevsky is a master of psychological portrait, he reveals to us a portrait of a person, consisting of actions and thoughts hidden behind the face.

Sonya Marmeladova is a thin, fragile, timid girl, a small, blue-eyed creature with blond curly hair. She is all so bright, clean, gentle, submissive.

When Sonya is angry, she looks like a little bird. But as soon as Raskolnikov dared to doubt the Lord, her eyes flashed with anger and that intoxicating consciousness of the power of her own soul, headed by God, awoke.

The phrase “sparkle with anger” F.M. Dostoevsky does not use it in vain, since only people who are obsessed with an idea, with faith, can their eyes sparkle with anger. How much passion in her face when they touch on faith in God. This girl "with a modest decent manner", with a clear, but as if somewhat intimidated face, has enormous patience and moral strength.

Most of all, Sonya's face is attracted by the eyes, clear, blue. Blue symbolizes constancy, devotion, peace, truth. Clear eyes symbolize the purity of the soul. All these qualities are in Sonechka. At 18, she looks like a child. And an important semantic line is connected with the image of children in the novel. It is in them that all the best that is in human nature is manifested. In the portrait of Sonya, her childishness, defenselessness, fragility and great moral strength are emphasized: "... a thin, pale and exhausted face."

"A girl of about 18 years old, thin, but rather pretty blonde, with wonderful blue eyes ... the expression on her face is kind and innocent, which involuntarily attracted her."

6. The path of Sonya Marmeladova to the meeting with Rodion Raskolnikov.

Which way did Sonya go before meeting Raskolnikov?

Sofya Semyonovna Marmeladova is the daughter of an official, a man who has sunk to the extreme, driven by poverty to the point that he has "nowhere else to go." Sonya did not receive upbringing and education. She tries to earn money through honest work, but this is not even enough for food. This modest girl is forced to sell her body for the sake of her family's survival. She receives a "yellow ticket", so she cannot stay with her family. Sonechka is ashamed of her profession, considers herself a great sinner. Comes to Katerina Ivanovna and her father only at dusk. He lives in terrible poverty in the apartment of Kapernaumov. “God, God will not allow ...” is the only thing that serves as a support and protection for this girl in her life. But even at the very "bottom" of her life, Sonya maintains moral purity, continues to live for the sake of her family.

7. Analytical conversation with selective reading of the text.

The path of Sonya Marmeladova after meeting with Raskolnikov.

Why did Raskolnikov come to Sonya after committing a crime?

Raskolnikov is looking for an ally, a kindred spirit. And Sonya, in his opinion, also overstepped, ruined her life. He believes that she has nowhere else to go. Raskolnikov thought to see a man focused on his troubles, exhausted, doomed, ready to grab hold of the slightest hope, but he saw something else that gave rise to a question.

What did Raskolnikov see? What amazed him so?

This meeting arouses curiosity in him. Sonya looks at life in a different way, sees the good in people, takes pity on them, tries to understand.

“Her pale cheeks flushed again, anguish was expressed in her eyes. It was evident that she was terribly touched upon, that she terribly wanted to express something, to say, to intercede. Some kind of insatiable suffering, so to speak, was depicted in all the features of her face. "

What questions does Raskolnikov ask Sonya? What for?

Raskolnikov's questions drive Sonya to a frenzy. The whole conversation is going on in a strain, at the limit of human capabilities. Raskolnikov deliberately tortures Sonya in order to experience the depth of her "human patience", her steadfastness, the origins of which are incomprehensible to him.

What attracted Raskolnikov to Sonya?

Raskolnikov was attracted to Sonya by the strength that allowed her to live.

What is the source of this power?

Taking care of other people's children and their unhappy mother. Raskolnikov could not understand why Sonya had such strength and purity of spirit with such a terrible life. He is tormented by the question: why could she have stayed in this position for too long and not lost her mind? All this seems strange to him. He saw the singularity, the eccentricity of Sonya, which, according to his theory, belongs to the category of ordinary people.

“… Still, for him the question was: why could she stay in this position for too long and not lose her mind, if she was not able to throw herself into the water? Of course, he understood that Sonya's position is an accidental phenomenon in society, although, unfortunately, it is far from solitary and not exclusive ... "

“What supported her? Isn't it debauchery? All this shame, obviously, touched her only mechanically; real debauchery has not yet penetrated a single drop into her heart; he saw it; she stood before him in reality ... "

“But is it really true,” he exclaimed to himself, “is it really possible that this creature, which still retained its purity of spirit, will be consciously drawn, at last, into this disgusting, stinking pit? ...”

Raskolnikov continues to test Sonya, peers intently at her. "Foolish! Foolish! " he repeated to himself.

What did he mean by the concept of "holy fool"?

Foolish means insane or pretending to be insane.

When Raskolnikov saw Sonya's gentle blue eyes, sparkling with fire, and a small body trembling with indignation and anger, all this seemed impossible to him. A man who lived in the name of others, forgetting about himself, seemed like a holy fool in a world where evil and injustice are happening.

Why did Raskolnikov bow before this small, timid, frightened girl?

"I bowed not to you, I bowed to all human suffering," he said somehow wildly and went to the window ... "

Raskolnikov bowed to Sonia the sufferer, the victim - all human suffering. He put the disgraced, trampled, exiled girl next to her mother and sister, believing that he had done them honor.

Raskolnikov believes that one hundred Sonechka sacrifices himself to some kind of insatiable suffering and always "hungry deity." "Eternal Sonechka", while the world is standing, a sacrifice, the horror of which is all the more bottomless because it is meaningless, is not needed, does not change anything, does not correct. Sonya Raskolnikov understands as a symbol of eternal sacrifice. Sonya ruined herself, but did she save anyone?

8. Drawing up the basic outline-outline "Sonya Marmeladova".

Do you agree with Raskolnikov that Sonya ruined herself, but saved no one?

"The sun must first of all be the sun ..."

Sonya.

Marmeladov Raskolnikov

Convicts

Katerina Ivanovna

Porfiry Petrovich, during a conversation with Raskolnikov, advises him: "Become the sun, everyone will see you." First of all, the sun must be the sun, that is, not only shine, but also warm. Sonya Marmeladova is such a sun; she warms people's souls with her warm light. Although, at first glance, it seems to be far from this moral height, its place is at the foot, on the panel. Sonya not only radiates kindness and compassion, she helps those in need. Sonya's stepmother, Katerina Ivanovna, dooms her to live on a yellow ticket. But after committing the sin "Katerina Ivanovna ... went to Sonechka's bed and stood on her knees all evening at her feet, kissed her feet, did not want to get up ..." whom in a difficult moment of life they still helped, Katerina Ivanovna thanked her stepdaughter. Even a moment before her death, she sincerely pitied her: "We sucked you away, Sonya ..."

Son's victim with warmth penetrates into the soul of her father. She penetrates his conscience, showing infinite compassion, giving him her last "sinful" pennies for his obscene drunkenness in the tavern. After the death of her father and the death of her stepmother, Sonya takes care of the children. Not only the children are grateful to her, but also the people around her, to whom such an act seems truly Christian, and even the Fall in this case seems holy.

The sunbeams of Sonya's soul saved and helped to revive Raskolnikov.

9. Analysis of the episode "Reading the Gospel of Sonya" by 1 group of analysts.

What would I be without God? ..

God, God will not allow such horror! ..

These words reveal the whole spiritual essence of Sonya. The Gospel story about the resurrection of Lazarus expresses the essence of her personality, her secret.

It was hard for Sonya to betray and denounce everything of her own, she did not want to reveal the secret of her soul - this is the only thing that she had left.

Sonia read at first quietly and bashfully, and then with passion and strength she confessed her conviction in the words of John.

“Sonya opened the book and found a place. Her hands were trembling, her voice was not enough. She began twice, and the first syllable was not pronounced ... "

"She was already trembling all over in real, real fever ... Her voice became a bell, like metal, triumph and joy sounded in him and strengthened him."

"... she read loudly and enthusiastically, shivering and growing cold, as if she saw her own eyes ..."

Teacher's question.

Why did Sonya read the parable of the resurrection of Lazarus with such excitement and trembling?

Sonya believes in what seems completely impossible to a limited rational view - she believes in a miracle. Belief in the resurrection of Lazarus, Sonya believes in man. Subsequently, she will believe in the resurrection of Raskolnikov. She believes that one cannot live without faith, one cannot go further through doubt to repentance, to love. The Gospel parable is refracted in the fates of Sonya and Raskolnikov.

10. Analysis of the episode "Confession of Raskolnikov in the committed crime" by 2 group of analysts.

The more Raskolnikov learns Sonya, the more she is surprised with what patience and almost meekly she endures all the hardships of life, without even trying to defend herself. After a humiliating and terrible scene (Luzhin's attempt to accuse her of theft) Raskolnikov asks her a question: “... Should Luzhin live and do abominations, or should Katerina Ivanovna die? How would you decide: which of them should die? .. "

Sonya answers Raskolnikov's question: “Why, I cannot know God's providence ... And why are you asking, what cannot be asked? Why such empty questions? How can it happen that it depends on my decision? And who put me here as a judge: who should live, who will not live? "

Sonya is not able to resolve such issues, she trusts only in God: he alone can dispose of human lives, he alone knows the highest justice. Sonya bows before the great meaning of being, sometimes not accessible to her mind. She simply strives for life, asserts its positive meaning.

Teacher's question.

Why exactly Sonya Raskolnikov confesses to the murder?

Raskolnikov is unhappy, exhausted, he goes with his confessions to Sonya with the desire to "bow to all human suffering." As he himself says on the eve of the confession: “You should have caught hold of something at least, hesitated, looked at the person”. He saw in the Sleep exactly the Man. Each of them has its own truth, its own path. Both of them have overstepped the moral norms of the society in which they live.

Yu. Koryakin argues that Sonya's truth does not just win, but that Raskolnikov's iron logic turns out to be shattered by Sonya's elementary logic. But for a person obsessed with the desire to be right at all costs, one of the most humiliating states is when all ingenious syllogisms are shattered by the elementary logic of life.

The only possible, natural, from Sony's point of view, explanation of the motives for the murder is as follows:

You were hungry! Are you ... to help your mother? Yes?

Raskolnikov presents various explanations. But all the arguments of reason, which had previously seemed so obvious to him, fall away one by one. If before he believed in his theory, now in front of Sonya, in front of her truth, all his "arithmetic" crumbles to pieces. In Sonya's words, there is no logic, calculation, there are not even convincing arguments. Sonya opposes Raskolnikov's theory with one simple argument with which he is forced to agree.

What feelings does sleep feel after Raskolnikov's confession?

The offender inspires not disgust, not horror, but compassion in sleep. Sonya uses the word "unfortunate." She exclaims: "No, you are not more unhappy than anyone in the whole world now!" She passionately, painfully sympathizes with Raskolnikov and understands how he suffers. Sonya holds out the cross to the murderer with the words: "We will go together to suffer, together we will carry the cross! .." Raskolnikov understands that now Sonya is with him forever.

Why does Sonya's truth win?

The basis of Sonya's truth is love. Alienated from people, abandoning even the closest ones, Raskolnikov felt that he needed love, that Sonya was right, saying: "Well, how, how can you live without a person!" Sonya helped Raskolnikov find a person in himself, revived his spirit. Therefore, Raskolnikov spiritually resurrects not as a result of renouncing his idea, but through suffering, faith, love. Through the fate of Sonya, he realizes all human suffering and worships him.

11. Dealing with criticism.

G.M. Bridlener notes that Raskolnikova, who fell in love with him with love at the same time, her beloved and sister Sonya, leads Raskolnikov to "moral revival" through a confession. "

Can you agree that Sonya loves Raskolnikov with the love of her "beloved and sister"?

For Dostoevsky, love acts as the main factor of Christian morality, and it must be understood in the Christian sense, for it is said in the Gospel: "Love endures for a long time, has mercy, covers everything, believes everything, hopes everything, endures everything."

Sonya does not leave Raskolnikov even in Siberia. Now Sonya's religious beliefs have become those of Raskolnikov. The suffering they endured opened the way to happiness, they were resurrected by love. It is love for a specific person that leads the heroes to spiritual resurrection, "living life." Therefore, one can agree with Bridlener's idea that Sonya fell in love with Raskolnikov with the love of her sister in the Christian sense and her beloved.

Teacher: It is very important that Raskolnikov fell in love with Sonya. On the one hand, she is a victim of a godless world order, and on the other, she carries the idea of ​​Orthodox Christianity. Raskolnikov's love carries in itself not an earthly, but a spiritual feeling, which leads to a complete change in his life. The divine principle, love and moral consciousness won. This means that we can say with complete confidence that Sonya saved Raskolnikov as well.

Why did the convicts, these at times cruel, out-of-the-box people, fall in love with Sonya so much?

They felt in this fragile girl great moral strength, kindness, selflessness, purity and power of the soul.

“And when she appeared at work, coming to Raskolnikov, or met with a party of prisoners going to work, everyone took off their hats, everyone bowed:“ Mother, Sofya Semyonovna, you are our mother, tender, sickly! ” - said these rude branded convicts to this small and slender creature ... "Convicts also enter the sunny circle of Sonya.

Output.

According to Dostoevsky, the conscious self-sacrifice of oneself for the benefit of all is a sign of the greatest development of the personality, the highest power of the soul. Sonya did not change society, evil still exists, but nevertheless she made her own contribution, saving Katerina Ivanovna, her children, Raskolnikov. And I want to believe that there are people who are capable of compassion, can give a helping hand to those in need. Sonya is the personification of kindness, self-sacrifice, meekness and forgiveness. One of the main ideas of Dostoevsky's work is embodied in her image: the path to happiness and moral rebirth of a person passes through suffering, Christian humility, faith in "divine providence." The sunbeams of Sonya's soul saved and helped to revive the people around her. She not only radiated kindness and compassion, but also really helped the unfortunate and disadvantaged.

personality). Raskolnikov to hard labor.

5. Fairness, honesty. It manifests itself in all actions.

6. Belief in "divine providence" and people. Believes in the resurrection of Lazarus, Raskolnikov,

fallen convicts.

7. Moral fortitude and strength. She did not sink morally, going out on

panel for the sake of the family.

8. Love. Brotherly love for people (Liza, convicts)

The love of the beloved and sister for Raskolnikov.

9. The power of the soul. Faith, love and understanding of people.

Sony road- Christian humility,

eternal peace, eternal rest.

Sony's mission- rid the world of evil.

Those who have power = kings.

Is Sonya morally worthy?

Can we say that Sonya is equal to kings?

We can assert that Sonya is the ruler of the world, as she seeks to rid the world of evil, from pain, healing the souls of people. Her faith, hope, love help live not only her, but also her family, and Raskolnikov.

13. Reflection.

Student speech.

Sonya Marmeladova has a beautiful and pure soul. She is forced to sell her body to help Katerina Ivanovna and her children, but her soul still remains immaculate. I envy Raskolnikov, because next to him is a girl who sacrificed part of her life to save him. Sonya is an extraordinary person. It is easier for her to accept suffering on herself than to see the pain of others. F.I. Tyutchev is a poem that, in my opinion, reflects the inner essence of Sonya.

Whatever life teaches us,

But the heart believes in miracles

There is an immense strength

There is also imperishable beauty.

And the withering earthly

Flowers will not touch the unearthly,

And from the midday heat

The dew will not dry on them.

And this faith won't deceive

The one who only lives by it,

Not everything that bloomed here will fade

Not everything that was here will pass.

But this faith is for the few

Grace is available only to those

Who is in the temptations of a strict life,

As you, I knew how, loving to suffer.

Aliens to heal ailments

He knew how with his suffering

Who laid down his soul for friends

And he endured everything to the end.

The opera of the same name by Eduard Artemiev based on the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment". (Sonya's part.)

Used Books.

1. Lesson development on literature. Grade 10, Moscow "Waco", 2003
2. Belov S.V. Dostoevsky's heroes. - "Neva", 1983, No. 11, p195-200
3. Addresses on the INTERNET

Dostoevsky, by his own admission, was worried about the fate of "nine-tenths of humanity", morally humiliated, socially disadvantaged in the conditions of his contemporary bourgeois system. The novel "Crime and Punishment" is a novel that reproduces pictures of the social suffering of the urban poor. - Extreme poverty is characterized by the fact that "there is nowhere else to go." The image of poverty is constantly changing in the novel. This is the fate of Katerina Ivanovna, who remained after the death of her husband with three young children. Weeping and sobbing, "wringing her hands," she accepted Marmeladov's proposal, "for there was nowhere to go." This is the fate of Marmeladov himself. "After all, it is necessary that every person had at least one such place where he was pitied." The tragedy of a father forced to accept the fall of his daughter. The fate of Sonya, who committed the "feat of crime" on herself for the sake of love for her loved ones. The torment of children who grew up in a dirty corner, next to a drunken father and a dying, irritated mother, in an atmosphere of constant quarrels.

Is the destruction of an “unnecessary” minority acceptable for the sake of the happiness of the majority?

Dostoevsky opposes. Dostoevsky combines the search for truth, exposure of the unjust organization of the world, the dream of "human happiness" with disbelief in the violent alteration of the world. The way is in the moral self-improvement of each person.

An important role in the novel is played by the image of Sonya Marmeladova. Active love for one's neighbor, the ability to respond to someone else's pain (especially deeply manifested in the scene of Raskolnikov's murder confession) make the image of Sonya ideal. It is from the standpoint of this ideal that the verdict is pronounced in the novel. For Sonya, all people have the same right to life. Sonya, according to Dostoevsky, embodies the folk principle: patience and humility, immeasurable love for man.

So, let's turn to this image in more detail.

Sonechka is Marmeladov's daughter, a prostitute. She belongs to the meek category. "Small in stature, about eighteen, thin, displeased pretty blonde with wonderful blue eyes." For the first time we learn about her from the confession of Marmeladov to Raskolnikov, in which he tells how she went to the panel for the first time about a critical moment for the family, when she returned, gave the money to Katerina Ivanovna, and she lay face down to the wall, “only her shoulders and her body all shudder "Katerina Ivanovna, all evening, stood on her knees at her feet," and then both fell asleep together, embracing. "

For the first time, Sonya appears in the episode with Marmeladov, who was knocked down by horses, who asks her forgiveness just before his death. Raskolnikov comes to Sonya to confess to the murder and to transfer some of his torment to her, for which he hates Sonya herself.

The heroine is also a criminal. But if Raskolnikov transgressed through others for himself, then Sonya transgressed through herself for others. With her, he finds love and compassion, as well as a willingness to share his fate and carry the cross with him. She, at the request of Raskolnikov, read him the Gospel brought to Sonya Lizaveta, the chapter about the resurrection of Lazarus. This is one of the most majestic scenes in the novel: “The stub has long been extinguished in a crooked candlestick, dimly illuminating in this beggarly room the murderer and the harlot, who strangely converged on reading the eternal book. Sonya pushes Raskolnikov to repentance. She follows him as he goes to confess. She goes to hard labor after him. If the prisoners do not like Raskolnikov, then they treat Sonechka with love and respect. He himself is cold and alienated from her, until an insight finally comes to him, and then he suddenly realizes that there is no man closer to her on earth. Through love for Sonechka and through her love for him, Raskolnikov, according to the author, is resurrected to a new life.

"Sonechka, Sonechka Marmeladova, eternal Sonechka, while the world stands!" Is a symbol of self-sacrifice in the name of one's neighbor and endlessly "insatiable" suffering.

Love a person in his sin, for this
already a semblance of divine love is the top
love on earth ...
F. M. Dostoevsky

FM Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment shows the hero's path from crime to punishment through repentance, purification to resurrection. For as long as a person lives, good and evil, love and hatred, faith and godlessness will live in him. Each hero is not just a literary image, but the embodiment of some idea, the embodiment of certain principles.

So, Raskolnikov is obsessed with the idea that for the sake of the happiness of some people, others can be destroyed, that is, the idea of ​​establishing social justice by force. Luzhin embodies the idea of ​​economic predation, professes the philosophy of acquisitions. Sonya Marmeladova is the embodiment of Christian love and self-sacrifice.

"Sonechka Marmeladova, eternal Sonechka, while the world stands!" What melancholy, pain is heard in this bitter meditation of Raskolnikov! The winner in the novel is not the cunning and calculating Luzhin with his theory of "love yourself", not Raskolnikov with the theory of permissiveness, but the little modest Sonya. The author leads us to the idea that permissiveness, selfishness, violence destroy a person from the inside and only faith, love and suffering cleanse.

In the midst of poverty, wretchedness and debauchery, Sonya's soul remained pure. And it seems that such people live to cleanse the world from dirt and lies. Wherever Sonya appears, a spark of hope for the best lights up in the souls of people.

Sonya herself is still a child: "very young, like a girl, with a modest and decent manner, with a clear ... but intimidated face." But she took upon herself the care of her father, of Katerina Ivanovna and her children, of Raskolnikov. Sonya helps not only financially - she first of all tries to save their souls. The heroine does not condemn anyone, believes in the best in a person, lives according to the laws of love, is convinced that, having committed a crime, one must repent to oneself, to people, to one's land. Everyone needs Sonya. Raskolnikov needs Sonya. “I need you,” he tells her. And Sonechka follows him even to hard labor. It is significant that all the convicts loved her. "Mother, Sofya Semyonovna, you are our mother, tender, sickly!" They told her. Material from the site

"Eternal Sonia" is hope. Her Gospel under Raskolnikov's pillow is hope. Hope for good, love, faith, that people will understand: faith should be in the soul of every person.

"Eternal Dormouse" ... Such as she, "are destined to start a new kind of people and a new life, to renew and cleanse the earth."

In our world, it is impossible without such people. They give us faith and hope. They help the fallen and the lost. They save our souls, helping to escape from the "mud" and "cold".

Sonya is "eternal", for love, faith, beauty are eternal on our sinful earth.

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