Immortal image

Some heroes of classical literature gain immortality, live next to us, this is exactly how the image of Sonya turned out to be in Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment. Using her example, we learn the best human qualities: kindness, mercy, self-sacrifice. She teaches us to love devotedly and selflessly believe in God.

Meet the heroine

The author does not immediately introduce us to Sonechka Marmeladova. She appears on the pages of the novel when a terrible crime has already been committed, two people have died, and Rodion Raskolnikov has destroyed his soul. It seems that nothing in his life can be corrected. However, acquaintance with a modest girl changed the fate of the hero and revived him to life.

For the first time we hear about Sonya from the story of the unfortunate drunk Marmeladov. In confession, he talks about his unhappy fate, about a starving family and with gratitude pronounces the name of his eldest daughter.

Sonya is an orphan, the only natural daughter of Marmeladov. Until recently, she lived with her family. Her stepmother Katerina Ivanovna, a sick unfortunate woman, was exhausted so that the children would not starve to death, Marmeladov himself drank the last money, the family was in dire need. Out of despair, a sick woman often became irritated over trifles, made scandals, reproached her stepdaughter with a piece of bread. Conscientious Sonya decided to take a desperate step. In order to somehow help her family, she began to engage in prostitution, sacrificing herself for the sake of her relatives. The story of the poor girl left a deep mark on Raskolnikov's wounded soul long before he met the heroine personally.

Portrait of Sonya Marmeladova

A description of the girl's appearance appears on the pages of the novel much later. She, like a wordless ghost, appears on the doorstep of her home during the death of her father, crushed by a drunk driver. Timid by nature, she did not dare to enter the room, feeling vicious and unworthy. Ridiculous, cheap, but bright attire indicated her occupation. "Meek" eyes, "pale, thin and irregular angular face" and the whole appearance betrayed a meek, timid nature, which reached the extreme degree of humiliation. "Sonya was short, about seventeen years old, thin, but pretty pretty blonde, with wonderful blue eyes." This is how she appeared before Raskolnikov's eyes, this is the first time her reader sees.

Character traits of Sofia Semyonovna Marmeladova

A person's appearance is often deceiving. The image of Sonya in Crime and Punishment is full of inexplicable contradictions. A meek, weak girl considers herself a great sinner, unworthy to be in the same room with decent women. She is embarrassed to sit next to Raskolnikov's mother, she cannot shake hands with his sister, fearing of offending them. Sonya can easily be offended and humiliated by any scoundrel, like Luzhin or the landlady. Defenseless against the impudence and rudeness of the people around her, she is not able to stand up for herself.

The complete characterization of Sonya Marmeladova in the novel "Crime and Punishment" consists of an analysis of her actions. Physical weakness and indecision is combined in her with tremendous mental strength. Love is at the heart of her being. For the love of her father, she gives him the last money for a hangover. For the love of children, he sells his body and soul. For the sake of love for Raskolnikov, she follows him to hard labor and patiently endures his indifference. Kindness and ability to forgive distinguish the heroine from other characters in the story. Sonya does not hold any grudge against her stepmother for a crippled life, does not dare to condemn her father for his weak character and eternal drunkenness. She is able to forgive and pity Raskolnikov for the murder of her dear Lizaveta. “There is no one more miserable than you in the whole world,” she tells him. To treat the vices and mistakes of the people around you in this way, you have to be a very strong and whole person.

Where does a weak fragile humiliated girl have such patience, endurance and inexhaustible love for people? Faith in God helps Sonya Marmeladova to withstand herself and lend a helping hand to others. "What would I be without God?" - the heroine is truly perplexed. It is no coincidence that the exhausted Raskolnikov goes to her for help and it is to her that he tells about his crime. The faith of Sonya Marmeladova helps the criminal first confess to the murder he has committed, then sincerely repent, believe in God and start a new happy life.

The role of the image of Sonya Marmeladova in the novel

Rodion Raskolnikov is considered to be the main character of FM Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment", since the plot is based on the story of the hero's crime. But the novel cannot be imagined without the image of Sonya Marmeladova. Sonia's attitude, beliefs, actions reflect the author's position in life. The fallen woman is pure and innocent. She fully expiates her sin with an all-embracing love for people. She is "humiliated and insulted" not a "trembling creature" according to Raskolnikov's theory, but a respectable person who turned out to be much stronger than the main character. Having gone through all the trials and sufferings, Sonya did not lose her basic human qualities, did not change herself and suffered happiness.

Sonia's moral principles, faith, love turned out to be stronger than Raskolnikov's egoistic theory. After all, only by accepting the beliefs of his girlfriend, the hero acquires the right to happiness. The beloved heroine of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky is the embodiment of his innermost thoughts and ideals of the Christian religion.

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One of the main characters in F.M. Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment" is Sonya Marmeladova - a girl forced to work "on a yellow ticket" to save her family from starvation. It is to her that the author assigns the most important role in the fate of Raskolnikov.

Sonya's appearance is described in two episodes. The first is the scene of the death of her father, Semyon Zakharych Marmeladov: "Sonya was small in stature, about eighteen years old, thin, but rather pretty blonde ... She was also in rags, her outfit was decorated in the street ... with a bright and shamefully outstanding purpose."

Another description of her appearance appears in the scene of Sonechka's acquaintance with Dunya and Pulcheria Aleksandrovna: “It was a modest and even poorly dressed girl, still very young, almost like a girl ... with a clear but intimidated face. She was wearing a very simple home dress ... ”. Both of these portraits are strikingly different from each other, which reflects one of the key features of Sonya's character - the combination of spiritual purity and moral decline.

Sonya's life story is extremely tragic: unable to indifferently watch her family die of hunger and poverty, she voluntarily went to humiliation and received a "yellow ticket". Sacrifice, boundless compassion and selflessness forced Sonechka to give all the money earned to her father and stepmother Katerina Ivanovna.

Sonya possesses many wonderful human traits: mercy, sincerity, kindness, understanding, moral purity. She is ready to look for something good, light in every person, even in those who are not worthy of such an attitude. Sonya knows how to forgive.

She has developed an endless love for people. This love is so strong that Sonechka is determined to consciously give all of herself for them.

This belief in people and a special attitude towards them (“This is a louse!”) Is largely associated with Sonya's Christian worldview. Her faith in God and the miracle that comes from him truly has no boundaries. "What I would be without God - that was!" In this regard, she is the opposite of Raskolnikov, who opposes her with his atheism and the theory of people "ordinary" and "extraordinary". It is faith that helps Sonya to maintain the purity of her soul, to protect herself from the dirt and vice surrounding her; no wonder that the New Testament is almost the only book she has read more than once.

One of the most significant scenes in the novel that influenced Raskolnikov's later life is an episode of joint reading of an excerpt from the Gospel about the resurrection of Lazarus. “The stub had long been extinguished in a crooked candlestick, dimly illuminating in this beggarly room the murderer and the harlot, who had strangely come together while reading the eternal book…”.

Sonechka plays an important role in the fate of Raskolnikov, which is to revive his faith in God and return to the Christian path. Only Sonya was able to accept and forgive his crime, did not condemn and was able to induce Raskolnikov to confess to what he had done. She went with him all the way from confession to hard labor, and it was her love that was able to return him to his true path.

Sonya proved to be a decisive and active person, capable of making difficult decisions and following them. She convinced Rodion to convey to herself: “Get up! Go now, this very minute, stand at the crossroads, bow, kiss first the earth that you have defiled, and then bow to the whole world ... ”.

In hard labor, Sonya did everything to ease the fate of Raskolnikov. She becomes a famous and respected person, she is addressed by her first name and patronymic. The convicts fell in love with her for her kind attitude towards them, for disinterested help - for the fact that Raskolnikov does not want or cannot understand yet. In the finale of the novel, he finally realizes his feelings for her, realizes how much she suffered for him. “Can't her convictions be mine now? Her feelings, her aspirations at least ... ". So Sonya's love, her dedication and compassion helped Raskolnikov begin the process of becoming on the true path.

The author embodied the best human qualities in the image of Sonya. Dostoevsky wrote: "I have one moral model and ideal - Christ." Sonya became for him the source of his own beliefs, decisions dictated by conscience.

Thus, thanks to Sonechka, Raskolnikov was able to find a new meaning in life and regain the lost faith.

Fyodor Dostoevsky is rightfully considered an unsurpassed expert on the human soul. This writer, like no one else, realized that each person is a separate world of passions, beliefs and hopes. Therefore, his characters make up a palette of the brightest and most diverse images of not only Russian, but world literature. One of them is Sonya Marmeladova. This article is devoted to the characterization and analysis of the heroine of the greatest psychological novel.

Unique feminine image

The Marmeladov family occupies a special place in Dostoevsky's novel. Each of its members is experiencing its own tragedy. The theme of "humiliated and insulted" is also revealed in this work, but the image of the main character is incomparable in the power of suffering with any other, even in the work of the great Russian writer. Therefore, it is unique in literature.

The history of life

Who is Sonya Marmeladova? Her characteristic is reduced to the following qualities: sincerity, mercy, kindness. The strength of each of them is extraordinary. And only the owner of the best human qualities is able to survive the tragedy that befell her fate, and at the same time not harden her soul, not lose her moral foundation.

The protagonist of the novel once meets in a tavern a tipsy, lowered man, whose stories cause laughter from those around him. Sonya Marmeladova is the daughter of this man. The life story of these people amazes Raskolnikov. And having met a girl, an idealist student is no longer able to stay away from the misfortune that has affected this family. Poverty is not a vice, but poverty is a different matter. It humiliates a person and makes him commit a crime against morality. This is the tragedy of Marmeladov. His daughter went to the panel in order to feed her family. At that time he was somewhere "lying drunk." And from now on, he became even harder to drink, almost to the point of madness, infuriating his sick and exhausted wife and hurting his daughter's already suffered heart. But the girl has an unusually loving and open soul. Otherwise, it is impossible to survive the torment that Sonya Marmeladova is experiencing.

Characteristic

Fallen women are scornful in society. Sonia Marmeladova did not escape this fate either. The fact that prostitution for her has become the only possible way to feed her father, stepmother and their small children does not interest anyone. And few people are able to comprehend the depth of someone else's suffering. To do this, you need to have either the detached idealism of Raskolnikov, or the loving heart of the father. The sister of the protagonist is also imbued with sympathy for Sonya. However, such unattractive personalities as Luzhin and Lebeziatnikov are only capable of condemnation. And it should be said that these characters are collective images. There are plenty of such personalities at all times. But both those and others, as well as Sonya Marmeladova herself, understand that she committed the greatest sin, violated the law of morality. And it will not be easy for her to wash off the traces of a terrible vice.

Raskolnikov

The image of Sonya Marmeladova is amazing in that, despite her grief and contempt of others, she is capable of true love. This is not about that earthly feeling, which is more reminiscent of selfish passion, but about another, true, Christian one. The girl has not lost her ability to sympathize. Perhaps the fact is that she was not at the bottom of social society for long? Or is it that noble spiritual qualities cannot be killed? The author points out another reason.

On the evening when Raskolnikov confesses to Sonya in his atrocity, she decides to share his fate with him. But first he must repent and come to the investigator to confess. And before leaving, Rodion Romanovich receives from the girl a cross that once belonged to Lizaveta. The very one whose life was on the conscience of an ambitious student by accident, whose murder shattered the already untenable idea of \u200b\u200b"having the right" to smithereens. And from this act, we can conclude that faith gave Sonya the strength to survive and not lose herself. Only a Christian idea is capable of saving humanity. She alone has the right to exist.

In the epilogue

At the end of the work, the role that Sonya Marmeladova played in the fate of Raskolnikov becomes finally clear. "Crime and Punishment" is a novel that does not end with the recognition of the protagonist in a perfect crime. After all, this is still not a detective story, but a work that has the deepest idea, relevant at all times.

Raskolnikov confesses everything. But even in hard labor for a long time he blames himself only for the fact that he could not carry out his grandiose plans. Sonya accompanies him. She evokes sympathy among the prisoners, while the strange student is just dislike. His soul is filled with suffering for his own failed destiny. Her - love for him. And the day comes when Raskolnikov realizes guilt, fully understands the meaning of the words that she once said to him. Until the release of another seven long years. But from the day of Raskolnikov's repentance, a new story begins - "the gradual renewal of man."

While serving a term in hard labor, Dostoevsky conceived the novel "The Drunken". The difficult life, the corresponding environment, the stories of the prisoners - all of this prompted the writer to describe the life of an impoverished ordinary Petersburger and his relatives. Later, already at liberty, he began to write another novel, where he wrote the previously conceived characters. The images and characteristics of members of the Marmeladov family in the novel "Crime and Punishment" occupy a special place among the other characters.

The family is a symbolic image that characterizes the life of ordinary ordinary people, collective - people living almost on the verge of the final moral and moral decline, however, despite all the blows of fate, who managed to preserve the purity and nobility of their souls.

Marmeladov family

The Marmeladovs occupy an almost central place in the novel, are very closely associated with the main character. They played a very important role in the fate of Raskolnikov, almost everything.

At the time of Rodion's acquaintance with this family, it consisted of:

1. Marmeladov Semyon Zakharovich - head of the family;
2. Katerina Ivanovna - his wife;
3. Sofya Semyonovna - daughter of Marmeladov (from his first marriage);
4. children of Katerina Ivanovna (from her first marriage): Polenka (10 years old); Kolya (seven years old); Lidochka (six years old, still called Lenechka).

The Marmeladov family is a typical family of philistines who have sunk almost to the very bottom. They don't even live, they exist. Dostoevsky describes them as if they were not even trying to survive, but simply lived in hopeless poverty - such a family “has nowhere else to go”. It's not so much scary that the children are in such a situation, but the fact that adults seem to have come to terms with their status, do not seek a way out, do not seek to get out of such a difficult existence.

Marmeladov Semyon Zakharovich

Head of the family, with which Dostoevsky introduces the reader at the time of the meeting between Marmeladov and Raskolnikov. Then the writer gradually reveals the life of this character.

Marmeladov once served as a titular adviser, but drank himself to death, was left without work and practically without means of subsistence. He has a daughter from his first marriage - Sonya. At the time of Semyon Zakharovich's meeting with Raskolnikov, Marmeladov had been married to a young woman Katerina Ivanovna for four years. She herself had three children from her first marriage.

The reader learns that Semyon Zakharovich married her not so much out of love as out of pity and compassion. And they all live in St. Petersburg, where they moved a year and a half ago. At first, Semyon Zakharovich finds work here, and quite decent one. However, from his addiction to drink, the official very soon loses it. So, through the fault of the head of the family, the whole family is begging, left without a livelihood.

Dostoevsky does not tell - what happened in the fate of this man, what once broke in his soul so that he began to drink, in the end he drank himself, thereby dooming the children to begging, Katerina Ivanovna was brought to consumption, and his own daughter became a prostitute, so that to somehow earn money and feed three young children, a father and a sick stepmother.

Listening to the drunken outpourings of Marmeladov, unwittingly, however, the reader is imbued with sympathy for this man who has fallen to the very bottom. Despite the fact that he robbed his wife, begged for money from his daughter, knowing how she earns it and for what, he is tormented by pangs of conscience, he is disgusting to himself, his soul hurts.

In general, many heroes of "Crime and Punishment", even very unpleasant at first, eventually come to an awareness of their sins, to an understanding of the depth of their fall, some even repent. Morality, faith, inner mental suffering are characteristic of Raskolnikov, and Marmeladov, and even Svidrigailov. Who does not stand the pangs of conscience and commits suicide.

Here is Marmeladov: he is weak-willed, cannot cope with himself and stop drinking, but he sensitively and accurately feels the pain and suffering of other people, injustice towards them, he is sincere in his good feelings for his neighbors and honest to himself and others. Semyon Zakharovich did not harden in this fall - he loves his wife, daughter, children of his second wife.

Yes, he did not achieve much in the service, he married Katerina Ivanovna out of compassion and pity for her and her three children. He remained silent when his wife was beaten, was silent and endured when his own daughter went to the panel to feed the children, stepmother and father. And Marmeladov's reaction was weak-willed:

"And I ... lay drunk, sir."

Even doing nothing, only he cannot drink alone - he needs support, he needs to confess to someone who will listen to him and console him, who will understand him.

Marmeladov begs for forgiveness - the interlocutor, the daughter, whom he considers a saint, his wife, her children. In fact, his prayer is addressed to a higher authority - to God. Only the former official asks for his forgiveness through his listeners, through his relatives - this is such a frank cry from the depths of his soul that it evokes in the audience not so much pity as understanding and sympathy. Semyon Zakharovich himself punishes himself for his weakness, for his fall, for his inability to quit drinking and start working, for accepting his current fall and not looking for a way out.

The result is sad: Marmeladov, being heavily drunk, dies when hit by a horse. And, perhaps, this turns out to be the only way out for him.

Marmeladov and Raskolnikov

The hero of the novel meets Semyon Zakharovich in a tavern. Marmeladov attracted the attention of the poor student with a contradictory appearance and an even more contradictory look;

"Even enthusiasm seemed to be glowing — perhaps there was both meaning and intelligence — but at the same time there seemed to be madness."

Raskolnikov drew attention to the drunken little man, and eventually listened to the confession of Marmeladov, who told about himself, about his family. Listening to Semyon Zakharovich, Rodion once again realizes that his theory is correct. During this meeting, the student himself is in a strange state: he decided to murder the old woman-pawnbroker, driven by the "Napoleonic" theory of supermen.

At the beginning, the student sees the usual drunkard, a regular drinker. However, listening to Marmeladov's confession, Rodion is curious about his fate, then imbued with sympathy, and not only for the interlocutor, but also for members of his family. And this is in that feverish state when the student himself is focused on only one thing: "to be or not to be."

Later, fate brings the hero of the novel to Katerina Ivanovna, Sonya. Raskolnikov helps the unfortunate widow with a commemoration. Sonya, with her love, helps Rodion to repent, to understand that not everything is lost, that it is still possible to know both love and happiness.

Katerina Ivanovna

A middle-aged woman in her 30s. She has three young children from her first marriage. However, she already had enough suffering and grief, trials. But Katerina Ivanovna did not lose her pride. She is smart and educated. As a young woman, she became interested in an infantry officer, fell in love with him, ran away from home to get married. However, the husband turned out to be a gambler, in the end he lost, he was tried and he died soon after.

So Katerina Ivanovna was left alone with three children in her arms. Her relatives refused to help her, she had no income. The widow and children were in complete poverty.

However, the woman did not break, did not give up, was able to keep her inner core, her principles. Dostoevsky characterizes Katerina Ivanovna in the words of Sonya:

she “... seeks justice, she is pure, she believes so much that there should be justice in everything, and demands ... And at least torture her, but she does not do unjust. She herself does not notice how all this is impossible to be fair in people, and gets irritated ... Like a child, like a child! "

In extreme distress, the widow meets Marmeladov, marries him, tirelessly fussing around the house, caring for everyone. Such a hard life undermines her health - she falls ill with consumption and on the day of Semyon Zakharovich's funeral she herself dies of tuberculosis.

Orphaned children are sent to an orphanage.

Children of Katerina Ivanovna

The skill of the writer manifested itself in the highest way in describing the children of Katerina Ivanovna - in such a touching, detailed, realistic way he describes these eternally hungry children doomed to live in poverty.

"... The smallest girl, about six years old, was sleeping on the floor, somehow sitting, curled up and burying her head in the sofa. A boy, a year older than her, was trembling all over in the corner and crying. He was probably just nailed. , about nine years old, tall and thin as a match, in one slender shirt that was torn everywhere, and in a shabby old-fashioned burnus draped over her bare shoulders, which she probably had sewn two years ago, because it didn’t even reach her knees, stood in the corner beside little her brother, clasping his neck with her long hand, dry like a match. She ... watched her mother with her big, big dark eyes, which seemed even more on her emaciated and frightened face ... "

It touches to the core. Who knows - maybe they end up in an orphanage, a better way out than staying on the street and begging.

Sonya Marmeladova

Semyon Zakharovich's own daughter, 18 years old. When her father married Katerina Ivanovna, she was only fourteen. Sonya has a significant role in the novel - the girl had a huge impact on the main character, became for Raskolnikov salvation and love.

Characteristic

Sonya did not receive a decent education, but she is smart and honest. Her sincerity and responsiveness became an example for Rodion and awakened conscience, repentance, and then love and faith in him. The girl suffered a lot in her so short life, suffered from her stepmother, but she did not harbor evil, did not take offense. Despite her lack of education, Sonya is not at all stupid, she reads, she is smart. In all the trials that befell her for such a short life, she managed not to lose herself, retained the inner purity of her soul, her own dignity.

The girl turned out to be capable of complete self-sacrifice for the good of her neighbors; she is endowed with the gift of feeling the suffering of others as her own. And then she thinks least of all about herself, but only about how and how she can help someone who is very bad, who suffers and needs even more than herself.

Sonya and her family

Fate seemed to test the girl's strength: at first she began to work as a seamstress to help her father, stepmother and her children. Although at that time it was accepted that the family should be supported by a man, the head of the family, however, Marmeladov was absolutely incapable of this. The stepmother was sick, her children were very young. The seamstress's income was insufficient.

And the girl, driven by pity, compassion and a desire to help, goes to the panel, gets a “yellow ticket”, becomes a “harlot”. She suffers greatly from the realization of her external fall. But Sonya never rebuked the drunken father or the sick stepmother, who knew perfectly well who the girl was now working for, but themselves were unable to help her. Sonia gives her earnings to her father and stepmother, knowing full well that the father will drink this money, but the stepmother will be able to somehow feed her little children.

Meant a lot to a girl

"The thought of sin and they, those ... poor orphans and this miserable half-mad Katerina Ivanovna with her consumption, with her head banging against the wall."

This kept Sonya from wanting to commit suicide because of such a shameful and dishonorable occupation, which she was forced to do. The girl managed to keep her inner moral purity, to keep her soul. But not every person is able to preserve himself, remain human, going through all the trials in life.

Sonya love

It is no coincidence that the writer pays such close attention to Sonya Marmeladova - in the fate of the protagonist, the girl became his salvation, and not so much physical, but moral, moral, spiritual. Having become a fallen woman, in order to be able to save at least the children of her stepmother, Sonya saved Raskolnikov from a spiritual fall, which is even more terrible than a physical fall.

Sonechka, sincerely and blindly believing with all her heart in God, without reasoning or philosophizing, was the only one capable of awakening humanity in Rodion, if not faith, but conscience, repentance for what she had done. She simply saves the soul of a poor student, lost in philosophical discourses about the superman.

The novel clearly shows the opposition of Sonya's humility to Raskolnikov's rebellion. And not Porfiry Petrovich, but this poor girl was able to direct the student on the right path, helped to realize the fallacy of his theory and the gravity of the crime committed. She suggested a way out - repentance. It was her that Raskolnikov obeyed, confessing to the murder.

After the trial of Rodion, the girl followed him to hard labor, where she began to work as a milliner. For her kind heart, for her ability to sympathize with other people, everyone loved her, especially the prisoners.

The spiritual revival of Raskolnikov became possible only thanks to the selfless love of the poor girl. Patiently, with hope and faith, Sonechka takes care of Rodion, who is sick not so much physically as spiritually and mentally. And she manages to awaken in him the awareness of good and evil, to awaken humanity. Raskolnikov, if he had not yet accepted Sonya's faith with his mind, accepted her convictions with his heart, believed her, in the end he fell in love with the girl.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the writer in the novel reflected not so much the social problems of society, but more psychological, moral, and spiritual. The whole horror of the tragedy of the Marmeladov family is in the typicality of their fate. Sonia became a bright ray here, who managed to preserve a person, dignity, honesty and decency, purity of her soul, despite all the trials she faced. And today all the problems shown in the novel have not lost their relevance.

The image of the immaculate and at the same time sinful angel in the novel "Crime and Punishment" became a real sensation for the public. opened up another side of life for readers. The personality of Sonya Marmeladova was different from the usual literary heroes. Her crime, humility and desire to atone for guilt became moral guidelines for all confused.

Crime and Punishment

Dostoevsky put together the basis for the novel during his own hard labor. In Siberia, the writer did not have the opportunity to write, but there was enough time for interviews with exiles and their loved ones. Therefore, the images of the main characters of the novel are collective.

Initially, the novel was conceived by the author as a confession story. The narration was conducted in the first person, and the main task for Dostoevsky was to show the inner psychological truth of a confused person. The writer was carried away by the idea, and a serious story grew into a novel.

Initially, her role in the novel "Crime and Punishment" was secondary, but after several edits, the image of the main character took an important place in the narrative. With the help of Sonya, Dostoevsky brings to the readers an important idea of \u200b\u200bthe novel:

“The Orthodox view, what is Orthodoxy. There is no happiness in comfort; happiness is bought by suffering. Man is not born to be happy. A person deserves his happiness, and always suffering. "

Analysis of the work proves that the author did an excellent job with the task. Sonya is the personification of suffering and redemption. The characterization of the heroine is revealed to the reader gradually. All quotes about the former prostitute are filled with love and care. Dostoevsky is equally worried about the girl's fate:

“... Oh yes Sonya! What a well, however, they managed to dig! And enjoy! They are using it! And they got used to it. We cried and got used to it. A scoundrel man gets used to everything! "

Biography and plot of the novel

Sofya Semyonovna Marmeladova was born into the family of a minor official. The girl's father is an elderly man, earns little and loves to drink. Sonya's mother died long ago, the girl is brought up by her stepmother. The new wife of the father has a mixture of feelings for the stepdaughter. All dissatisfaction with the failed life Katerina Ivanovna rips off on an innocent girl. At the same time, the woman does not feel hatred for the younger Marmalade and tries not to deprive the girl of attention.

Sonya did not receive an education, since, according to her father, she is not distinguished by intelligence and ingenuity. The trusting and good-natured heroine blindly believes in God and meekly serves the interests of the Marmeladov spouses and the children of her stepmother from her first marriage.

The girl is already 18 years old, although the appearance of the heroine would be more suitable for a child: blond hair, blue eyes, an angular figure:

"She could not even be called pretty, but her blue eyes were so clear, and when they became animated, her expression became so kind and simple-minded that it involuntarily attracted her."

The family lives in the Russian outback, but after the loss of their father's permanent earnings, the Marmeladovs move to St. Petersburg. In the capital, Semyon Zakharovich quickly finds work and just as quickly loses it. The bosses are not ready to put up with the drunkenness of the employee. The support of the family falls entirely on Sonya.

Left without a livelihood, the girl sees one way out - to quit her job as a seamstress, which brought too little money, and get a job as a prostitute. For shameful earnings, the girl was kicked out of the apartment. Sonia lives separately from her family, rents a room from a familiar tailor:

“... my daughter, Sofya Semyonovna, was forced to receive a yellow ticket, and on this occasion could not stay with us. For the owner, Amalia Fyodorovna, did not want to let that happen. "

The girl of easy virtue received from the government a "yellow ticket" - a document proving that the young lady was selling the body. Even shameful work does not save the Marmeladov family.

Semyon Zakharovich dies under the hooves of a carriage horse. In the bustle and commotion, the girl first meets Raskolnikov. The man is already familiar with the girl in absentia - the elder Marmeladov told Rodion the difficult fate of Sonya in all the details.

Material assistance from a stranger (Rodion Raskolnikov pays for his father's funeral) touches the girl. Sonya goes off to thank the man. This is how the difficult relationship of the main characters is struck.

In the process of organizing a funeral, young people spend a lot of time talking. Both feel like outcasts of society, both are looking for comfort and support. The mask of the cold cynic, which the main character hides behind, falls, and the true Rodion appears before pure Sonya:

“He suddenly changed; his cheeky and impotently defiant tone disappeared. Even my voice suddenly weakened ... "

The death of Marmeladov finally undermined the health of his stepmother. Katerina Ivanovna dies of consumption, and Sonya takes care of the younger members of the family. Help for the girl comes unexpectedly - Mr. Svidrigailov arranges the babies in an orphanage and provides the younger Marmeladov with a comfortable future. The fate of Sonya was arranged in such a terrible way.

But the desire to make sacrifices pushes the girl to the other extreme. Now the heroine intends to devote herself to Raskolnikov and accompany the prisoner into exile. The girl is not afraid that a loved one killed an old woman in order to test a crazy theory. The truth of Marmeladova is that love, faith and selflessness will heal and guide Rodion on the right path.

In Siberia, where the main character is sent, Sonya gets a job as a seamstress. The shameful profession remains in the past, and, despite the coldness of the young man, Sonya remains loyal to Rodion. The girl's patience and faith bring results - Raskolnikov realizes how much he needs Marmeladova. The reward for the two wounded souls was the joint happiness that came after the atonement of sins.

Screen adaptations

The first film dedicated to Raskolnikov's crime was filmed in 1909. The role of Rodion's faithful companion was played by actress Alexandra Goncharova. The film itself has long been lost, there are no copies of the film. In 1935, American filmmakers filmed their own version of the tragedy. The image of the immaculate sinner went to the actress Marian Marsh.

In 1956, the French showed their own view of the drama of a confused man. She played the role of Sonya, but in the film adaptation the name of the main character was changed to Lily Marcelen.

In the USSR, the first picture about the fate of Raskolnikov was released in 1969. The director of the film is Lev Kulidzhanov. Sofya Semyonovna Marmeladova was played by Tatiana Bedova. The film was included in the program of the Venice Film Festival.

In 2007, the series "Crime and Punishment" was released, in which she embodied the image of the main character.

Most film critics did not like the serial film. The main complaint is that Rodion Raskolnikov has no human feelings. The hero is possessed by anger and hatred. Remorse never touches the hearts of the main characters.

• Dostoevsky's first child was called Sonya. The girl died a couple of months after birth.
• In St. Petersburg, the heroine lived in the building of the former treasury chamber. This is a real house. Sonya's exact address is 63 Griboyedov Canal Embankment.
• The rap artist uses the name of the main character from Crime and Punishment as a pseudonym.
• In the first version of the novel, Sonya's biography looks different: the heroine comes into conflict with Dunya Raskolnikova and becomes the object of Luzhin's insane but immaculate love.

Quotes

"You departed from God, and God defeated you, betrayed you to the devil!"

"Suffering to accept and redeem yourself with it, that's what you need ..."

"... And tell everyone, out loud:" I killed! " Then God will send you life again. Will you go? Will you go? .. "

“Why are you, that you have done this on yourself! No, you are not more unhappy than anyone in the whole world now! "