Do-it-yourself amulets made from bast. Amulet dolls in Rus' and their meaning How to make an amulet doll from bast

The Ten-Handed doll is one of the most popular. As you might guess from the name, this doll has not two, but ten arms. The fact is that our ancestors made this amulet doll to make the life of their housewives easier - both young and mature. Lyalka helped to cope with women's responsibilities, giving vigor for household chores and inspiration for needlework. Hence the five pairs of hands - to keep up with everything.

In our article you will find two master classes telling you how to make a Ten-Handed doll with your own hands. In addition, you will learn special manufacturing secrets passed on to modern craftswomen by their great-grandmothers. Thanks to this knowledge, any woman will be able to make an effective talisman for herself, her sister, her daughter or granddaughter.

The Ten-Handed doll appeared in Rus' for a reason. There is an old story telling about the origin of the amulet. According to her, the helper doll was given to a Slav woman by the goddess Makosh. She has long provided patronage to women, supporting them in every possible way, protecting them and ensuring harmony in the family.

There was a special reason for this gift. The woman, accustomed to working and trying, was completely exhausted and stopped keeping up with everything. Having given free rein to her tears, she spoke out loud about her difficulties - and that’s how Makosh heard her. Taking pity, the goddess gave the worker another pair of hands. But this did not improve the situation. Four hands did not save the woman either. It got to the point where the woman turned into a ten-armed woman, but she still couldn’t do anything.

The Great Weaver's patience had come to an end, so she took back all the extra hands, leaving a talisman with ten hands as a keepsake. Since then, these little ten-armed assistants have been making sure that the mistress of the house manages to do everything.

The meaning of the amulet doll Ten-handle

Ten-handed is a doll-amulet, which was made specifically as an assistant to women. Little girls had no need for it, but the talisman helped young housewives get everything done.

The Ten-Handed doll was created to help young housewives in order to have time to do all the housework.

Such an assistant was made for a special occasion - for a celebration or just like that, as needed. It is known that the Slavs gave the Ten Handles to young girls about to get married. The straw figurine helped them cope with pre-wedding troubles. Having become a bride, a girl could also receive a multi-armed figurine as a gift from relatives. It was believed that this simple amulet would help the bride settle into her new home - keep up with everything around the house, remain cheerful and full of strength.

Often the Ten Handles were offered to mature women, or they made it with their own hands. Even with experience in household and family affairs, a woman could get tired of everyday worries and then everything would be sorted out by Makoshi’s little assistant.

Generally speaking, the meaning of the Ten-Handed doll comes down to helping a woman. In the past, all Slavic women played an important role as guardians of the hearth, therefore, first of all, the lyalka favors traditionally female occupations:

embroidery;
sewing;
knitting;
cooking;
cleaning;
wash.

It has a positive effect on well-being - it drives away fatigue and gives energy, and thanks to this, any task that the hostess undertakes is completed.

Appearance and features of the Ten Handles

The folk doll Ten Hands got its name for a reason - it really has ten hands. The multi-armed figurine of a doll was usually made of bast, as well as straw, which was tied with red threads or ribbons. Ribbons were also woven into the doll’s long braid to strengthen her strength and good luck.

This doll, like other Slavic dolls, has its own characteristics. Knowing the features of using the amulet, you will be able to apply it correctly, achieving a good result.

Remember a few rules:

The Ten-Handed doll cannot be used for games. Do not let children, or indeed strangers, play with your talisman. There is a special mascot for kids - .
Usually a rag mate was made to last a lifetime. The ten-handled straw was used as a ritual doll, they asked for help from it in specific matters, and then, when the work was completed, they burned it.
If you want to make a long-lasting amulet, choose quality materials and beautiful decorations. This will make the amulet more durable.
Do not shift all your responsibilities to the amulet. His job is to help you, not do all the work for you.

Difference from the Filippovka doll

Ten-handed is not the only multi-armed Slavic doll. There is another type of multi-armed assistant - Fillipovka. A doll with ten arms symbolized a young girl who had just gotten married. Therefore, it was presented as a gift to newlyweds, so that the doll would help the young wife.

Fillipovka helped mature, experienced women. A woman who has been married for many years also needs help. Fillipovka provided it. This talisman had only six arms, one of which contained a money bag. The doll's hair was covered with a scarf, while Ten Handles was without a headdress.

The main distinctive features of the Filippovka doll from Desyatiruchka are three pairs of hands, a headdress and a small money bag.

We create a Ten-Handed doll with our own hands

On the Internet you can find many master classes on creating a doll. Each craftswoman has her own traditions, but the general rules for making Ten Handles are the same for everyone. Only taking into account these long-standing Slavic traditions can you make a Ten-Handed doll that will really help you:

While working on the doll, clear the space around you - ask other people to leave the room and stop thinking about problems and failures.
When attaching hands to the doll, speak to each of them. There is no need to pronounce any special spells. Simply assign one activity to each hand, asking Ten Hands to help with it. In order not to prolong the work process, make a list of these tasks in advance, and then look at it.
Make the amulet at a time. Don't be distracted by calls, conversations or any other activities. Postponing the completion of work until the next day is also not allowed.

Don't forget to prepare red braid or threads and bright ribbons. These are mandatory attributes of the Ten Handles. Red symbolizes the sun, vitality and strength, and the bright shades of the ribbons woven into the doll's hair help maintain this strength.

Master class on making a Doll of Ten Handles from bast

One of the most popular bases for the folk doll of Ten Hands is bast. Making dolls from it is much easier than from fabric. This is due not only to the affordability of the material, but also to the absence of the need to cut the fabric and secure it with threads.

Prepare materials:

Five skeins of wool threads. Take thick threads in bright colors. Mandatory color is red, all others are optional.
Lyko. Its quantity depends on the size of the future pupa.
Thin red ribbon.
Yellow wide ribbon.

Now let's get down to the process itself:

The doll assistant is ready. Having activated the talisman using a spell or a regular request, place it in a prominent place and expect success in business.

Step-by-step instructions for creating Ten Handles from fabric

The traditional Ten-Handle is made from bast or straw. But you can make it from fabric. In this case, the pupa will be called a motanka. Such Slavic dolls had their own characteristics. They were made without the help of needle scissors, preparing all the scraps in advance. And the dolls were not given faces so that unclean entities could not move into them.

Tools and materials for making the Ten-Handled doll:

a piece of fabric 9x5 cm (for the body);
6 scraps of fabric 15x4 cm - from these a warrior and five blanks for arms will be made.
a piece of material for a skirt – 17x11 cm;
jute thread (this will be a braid);
pieces of fabric of different colors and materials for aprons;
natural filler - fabric or woolen threads;
red thread and narrow ribbon - also red;

Motanka doll Ten Handles: master class

Don't forget that the Ten Handle is a magical attribute. For the doll to start working, it needs to be charged. The best thing is to do this not only after finishing the work, but also at the time of production. When making a hand reel, ask Makosh to assist you in a certain task. One hand - one activity. This will help the amulet to better understand what they want from him. At the end, you can also carry the doll under fire to further breathe natural energy into it.

Not so long ago, on the pages of Krestik, we talked about why our Slavic ancestors created amulets dolls. Here we will show each bereginya doll in more detail, tell you why and how to make it with your own hands.

Joy Bird

Joy Bird- a ritual doll that was used to attract Spring. In order for Spring to come, at the beginning of March, married women, who were the main characters in the ritual, and young girls put on bright clothes and went beyond the edge of the village to call for spring. They wore hats in the shape of birds, decorated with fur trims and feathers, that is, the women themselves appeared in the form of birds, because they believed that Spring flies on the wings of a bird.

There was even such a sign - if a bird lands on a woman’s head, hand or shoulder, then she will be blessed with good luck and happiness all year long.

This doll makes a woman feel her purpose and attractiveness. It is made using birch logs.

Tatyana Bereznaya shows a master class on making a motanka doll “Bird-Joy”:

Doll-Veduchka or Leading to Life

Veduchka was always made by a woman who wanted to be a good mother, always wanted to understand what her child wanted and raise him correctly. This doll has a special structure: the hands of mother and child are a single whole. This twist symbolizes unity, close connection, love and closeness between mother and child.

The mother needs to make the Veduchka doll for her child herself, with her own hands, so that the amulet has more power and protects him more reliably. And any mother who has at least basic sewing skills can make such a doll.

The folk doll-motanka VEDUCHKA can be made according to the master class from the channel 4preschool:

Odolen-Grass

Amulet doll Odolen-Grass has with it a special sign of the Sun - a solar symbol.

It is believed that all sun signs are very strong protectors. Therefore, our ancestors respected this amulet! It is also called the Double Sign of Fire, which is a very important and most important Slavic talisman, because it protects a person from all sorts of diseases and misfortunes. The Slavs dedicated the Odolen-Grass amulet to God Svarog and the Radunitsy.

The effect of the amulet increases when a child laughs or some good deeds are accomplished. It was believed that the Odolen-Grass doll was capable of removing the “evil charm” from a person; in this regard, there was always a special attitude towards him in Rus'!

To enhance the effect of the “Odolen-Grass” amulet, they say:

“Talisman of the Overpowering Grass, help me defeat evil people, so that they don’t think badly of me, so that they don’t wish evil, so that they don’t do evil! Slavic amulet Odolen-Grass, help me take away all the sidelong glances, bad words, and bad deeds!”

Kubyshka-Herbalist

Kubyshka-Herbalist- a healing amulet doll that helps clean the air in the house and prevent diseases. Usually it was placed in that part of the house where the air stagnated, or hung over a baby's cradle. It was necessary to crush the bag of herbs before going to bed to fill the room with aroma, and then the air would become healing and everyone would sleep better.

Actually, the body of the Herbal Pot is a bag filled with medicinal herbs. The use of the Egg Capsule depends on the herbs with which the bag is filled.

For example, if you want the doll to have a calming effect, fill it with fresh sawdust, bark, pine needles and buckwheat or motherwort, lemon balm and chamomile.

For a small master class on how to create a Herbal Pot with your own hands, watch the video from the Development Academy:

Types of herbs and their effects

MINT- helps improve mental activity. There is a legend that mint is named after the goddess Menta, who personifies reason, memory and common sense. It was believed that students during exam periods or those studying philosophy, a difficult science, should wear mint wreaths. Mint contains substances that have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, namely phytoncides.

LAVENDER- has high antibacterial properties, and in addition, lavender has a pleasant aroma. It will help you get rid of severe headaches, high blood pressure, or relieve pain due to intracranial pressure.

MELISSA- has a mild hypnotic effect, used for heart rhythm disorders (relieves cardiac arrhythmia), and also relieves nervous tremors, which some people experience at night. Melissa also lowers blood pressure and slows breathing.

St. John's wort- used for insomnia and neurasthenia.

THYME- has always been considered an excellent antiseptic. Thyme is also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, expectorant, bronchodilator, antispasmodic, etc. It is also used as a mild sleeping pill. Thyme is used for bronchitis and painful cough.

ORIGIN- has a sedative effect. It also kills microbial flora in case of sore throat.

Doll Krupenichka and Rich Man

Slavic amulets dolls Krupenichka And Rich man bring abundance to the family. The Krupenichka pupa is also called Zernushka, Zernovushka or Pea. Krupenichka is simple in appearance, but has great symbolic meaning, which is why it has the status of “the main doll in the house.”

The ancient Slavs' main food was porridge, which they believed provided “powerful vitality,” so the process of growing grain was given great importance. So, when sowing grain, the first grains were taken from the bag of this pupa, because they had the meaning of “the saved forces of the Earth Nurse.”

The Slavs believed that since the earth gives (gives birth) a harvest, then the image that this harvest gives is female. This means Krupenichka is in charge, and the Rich Man is at her aid.

Initially, when making Krupenichka, flax or burlap was used, and buckwheat grain was poured inside. And it was highly valued because it was rare and there was a special attitude towards it. Then, towards the end of the 19th century, they began to fill Krupenichka with millet, wheat and peas. This is where the names Zernovushka and Goroshinka came from.

After the new harvest ripened, the doll was again filled with fresh grain, dressed up and placed in the Red Corner or in the kitchen, but always in a prominent place. Krupenichek was always given to guests or given to children to play with, because it was believed that the more people hold it, the more energy the grain inside the doll will be saturated with and then the next year will pass in prosperity for the family, they will have good luck and will not suffer from hunger. Also, charmed coins could be put into dolls.

Channel DelkiRu shows how to make a rag doll Krupenichka (Zernovushka) based on Slavic folk dolls:

Yuliana Bryl The Rich Man makes a talisman:

Russian Baba Yaga

Baba Yaga always associated with evil and deceit, an evil witch who lives in a deep forest. But that's not true! Baba Yaga is a good helper and sensible adviser. She will always tell you where to find living water or the Firebird, how to protect yourself from enemies or find loyal friends.

Baba Yaga can be a very good amulet and keeper of the hearth. It is hung on windows or doors as a talisman at home. As they say, she “let in her own people, but sweeps out strangers,” so they do it with a broom or broom.

In Rus', the rowan tree was treated with great reverence, just like the Mother! They never broke a mountain ash just like that, because they knew what strong protective qualities it had.

Therefore, the existence in Rus' of such a doll-amulet as Pock. It symbolizes motherhood, female wisdom, home, and is a talisman of family happiness, keeping true love from misfortune.

The Ryabinka doll’s name day was celebrated 4 times a year, and it was made only when the fruits ripened - in the fall, on the fourth name day. A person, not knowing the true power of the rowan, a flexible and small tree, sees in its branch a symbol of Perun’s club (the rowan is the berry of the thunder god Perun.).

The amulet doll will have magical properties if it is made on a cross from rowan branches.

It will be able to relieve depression or damage from the evil eye, and protect from the energy of the dead world. To do this, the mountain ash needs to be hung opposite or near the front door - it, like a warrior, will protect and will not allow negativity into the house.

Channel DelkiRu shares a master class on creating a rag doll of Rowan:

Well-being fills the house with joy, brings prosperity and prosperity into it, and blocks the penetration of evil forces. If you want to give this amulet, then give it with wishes of well-being.

The doll must be made in one day; the process cannot be postponed to the next.

And inside the doll you need to put a coin with the number 5, because 5 is the number of well-being in numerology.

Five-ruble coin inserted inside a doll (author - Anastasia Bobrovnikova)

The Blessed Doll can be placed in a visible place, or it can be hidden. To determine where to place the doll, you need to trust its choice.

Take the doll in your hands and stand in the middle of the room, relax and listen to yourself. Wherever your thoughts lead you, go there.

Even from a distant or hidden place, the Blessed One will always be on guard, will protect the owners of the house and take care of them, because she sits on the Bag of Happiness.

Master class on creating a Blessed Doll:

plantain- This is a ritual doll. It was given on the road so that good luck would accompany the traveler. Most often it was made by a mother for her son or a wife for her husband.

Only the one who made it and the one to whom it was made can pick up the Plantain.

The image of the Plantain consists of a clean (white) face, like all beregin dolls, so that evil spirits cannot enter through the face, as well as a bag of grain, so that the traveler always has the opportunity to find food on the road. They could put soil taken from their native doorstep, or ash from the stove at home, into the little bag. It was believed that then a person would always be able to find his way home.

The Plantain doll is made small, about 5–7 cm in height, so that it can be conveniently placed in a pocket, backpack or bag, and maybe even in a small clutch or handbag.

Amulet Successful embodies a person who is successful in any work - in the domestic or financial sphere, and can complete any work efficiently and on time. This knotted doll (motanka) is made to help in any endeavor, to promote career growth, well-being, and luck in your personal life. This is a stately, beautifully dressed, neat doll that confidently stands on its own feet. A fabric bag hangs on her shoulder - it serves as a symbol of the things that she can do.

To ensure that the work you do brings in a stable income, put a coin or bill in the Success Woman’s purse!

Every time something goes well or you receive a monetary reward, be sure to thank the Successful Girl, share some money with her, or give her a decoration made of ribbons or beads.

Amulet doll Thread of Fate will help get rid of sadness, melancholy and despondency. It will also bring prosperity, prosperity and good luck, and will help in any endeavors, in work and in the implementation of plans.

If you have thought about how you live, what components are the basis of your life, have decided to look from the inside or from the outside at your behavior, your manners and comprehend all this, then the Thread of Fate doll will help. She will help you cut off everything superfluous and unnecessary and leave only what is spiritual and pure.

See what else it might look like:

Kolyada- solar symbol. This portly woman, who is dressed in everything smart and new, she maintains good relations in the family. The Slavs believed that when Kolyada comes to the house, happiness, harmony and peace come with her.

Kolyada is an ancient Slavic holiday of the Winter Solstice, also called the holiday of the Birth of the Sun. It began 3 days after the winter solstice and lasted until the end of the winter holidays.

On the eve of the holiday, the ritual doll Kolyada was made as a symbol of well-being, the realization of what one wanted, happiness and, moreover, a talisman against evil forces. It was believed that “God Kolyada comes into the world with light and goodness, having defeated evil and darkness.” Kolyada's fate could be different - she was either left for one year as a talisman, or burned on the last day of Christmastide.

They made carols only from new fabric and on a birch log. Birch is a tree that symbolizes light, femininity and purity, protects against the evil eye and treats melancholy. Kolyada has 2 bags in her hands - the first with grain, the other with salt. These are symbols of goodness, prosperity and fertility.

Six-handle considered the patroness of women's crafts. She is an indispensable assistant for those who do needlework. The six-handle will protect your hands from fatigue and help you distribute work correctly so that you have enough energy and time for everything. Sometimes Shestiruchka is also called Filippovka. She has a bundle of grains and coins hanging on her belt so that everything she does with her own hands will bring profit.

Kupalo helps to find true and bright love, restores vitality, removes sadness and melancholy, treats depression and strengthens the bonds of marriage.

The ancient holiday - Kupala Day - is full of mysticism and omens.
And the ignorant, it happened, would find the answer for himself.
On a pure holiday - Kupala Day, let trouble burn with fire,
And water, like a blanket, will hide grief forever.

Bell considered a doll of good news. She is originally from Valdai. From this came the Valdai Bells.

Since ancient times, the ringing of a bell protected against various terrible and deadly diseases. And bells were always hung on an arc at festive troikas. The bells are dome-shaped and resemble the sun on top.

The doll has 3 skirts. They indicate that for any person there are 3 kingdoms - copper, silver and gold.

Happiness also consists of 3 parts - the body feels good, which means the soul is calm, and if the soul is calm, then the spirit is calm, which means the person is happy.

Bell - a cheerful, mischievous doll, brings joy to the house with her enthusiasm. She is a talisman of good mood. Give a bell to someone you wish joy, good mood and only good news.

Ten-handle- a great helper in household chores. Women or girls made ten-handles to increase their strength in housekeeping. The doll was often given to brides as a wedding gift, and if the woman was already married, then it was given as a gift for the Filippovka holiday, which was celebrated on November 27. At the same time, they wanted housewives to succeed everywhere and in everything without wasting extra effort, figuratively speaking, having 10 hands.

The Ten-Handed doll was made for the holiday of the Intercession, on October 14th. It was made from bast wool, red threads, multi-colored ribbons and flax in strands. At the bottom of the sundress, 9 bows made of red threads were necessarily tied. The ten-handle could be made from straw or bast and then it was called Splinter.

When women made a doll, they really hoped for its help, so they put their soul, their intentions, secrets and energy into it. Consequently, the process acquired special significance.

Until the doll is completely ready, do not let it out of your hands, do not break away from the manufacturing process, and it is not even recommended to have conversations with anyone at this time! And when the Ten Handle is ready, read a prayer over it and leave it under the icon overnight.

This doll helped not only at home, but also in the field. They even took her to church to cleanse all the negativity accumulated in her. At home, Ten Hands was placed where the mistress was most often located. She was never given into the hands of strangers and children were never allowed to play with her.

Swaddle dolls

Swaddlers- these are protective dolls for the little ones. They were always placed in the baby's cradle so that the doll would protect against illness and the evil eye. They also helped women during childbirth.

Pelenashka, like all other amulet dolls, has no face. The Slavs believed that if a doll has its own face, then it can only protect itself, and when the doll is faceless, it protects everyone living in the house, the house itself or the specific person for whom the doll was made.

The diaper is a doll wrapped in a diaper with a scarf and a swaddle belt. Since ancient times, all children were swaddled with a swaddle; this had both practical and protective significance.

Women made diapers in the last weeks of pregnancy, with positive thoughts about their future child, and immediately put it in the cradle so that the doll could live in it and warm it.

The size of the diaper is such that it can easily fit in a child’s hand. To create the doll, they used a piece of already worn clothing made from fabric made at home and retaining the warmth of an adult, and such fabric could also provide generic protection. No scissors or needles were used during production so as not to injure the doll.

There is a belief that before baptism a newborn must be protected from evil spirits, and Pelenashka must take upon herself all the bad things that could harm the baby.

Having placed the Diaper in the cradle, you need to say:
“Somnia - insomnia, don’t play with my baby, play with this doll.”

And when relatives and friends came to look at the child, the doll was placed in the folds of a handkerchief.

When leaving, the guests said to Pelenashka: “Oh, what a good looking doll!”

After the child was baptized, the Diaper was removed from the cradle and stored along with the baptismal robe.

Lovebird dolls

Lovebirds- a ritual wedding amulet doll, which has great symbolic meaning. It is named so because the doll is crafted as a single whole. Both parts, man and woman, are inseparable, they have one common hand, as a symbol of a family union and a common destiny. The doll is usually given as a wedding gift to newlyweds or already married couples to make the family stronger.

A special feature of the Lovebirds is the common hand based on a long wooden splinter. It was made by the bridesmaids as a symbol of masculinity and femininity.

Lovebirds are a talisman of a strong family and a symbol of life together; they, as they say, go “hand in hand.” In the same way, a wife and husband should always be one in any situation, both in trouble and in joy.

To this day, there is a tradition of giving Lovebirds as a wedding gift. They make Lovebirds with their own hands and give them from the bottom of their hearts to the nascent family with the wishes to always be inseparable.

According to the ancient Russian tradition, Lovebirds were hung under the arc of the harness of horses carrying the newlyweds to the groom's house from the church after the wedding. Our ancestors tirelessly believed that the fate of any person could be influenced by making a similar figurine for him, both in a negative and in a positive sense. Therefore, special attention was certainly paid to the “wedding train”. Outside the walls of their home, newlyweds were considered especially vulnerable to all kinds of negative manifestations, such as envious glances or the tricks of evil sorcerers. The wedding train was directed along such complex paths, lined with barriers, in order to deceive all these evil spirits and cover their tracks.

The wood for making the torch was carefully selected; not every tree is suitable for such a task. For example, they never took twigs of alder or linden, because, as the Slavs believed, they were related to evil spirits. First the female part is done, then the male part. Then they are attached to this splinter, thereby securing their own position on the family tree. The dolls must have something in common in their clothes - the same pattern on the belts or color.

Lovebirds were not only kept in the Red Corner after the wedding, but also with the advent of children, Martinchik dolls were added to them. Martinchiki were knitted from bunches of white threads. The lovebirds were moved apart in different directions and the children were placed on a splinter between them. There were as many of them as there were children in the family.

Spiridon-solstice doll

Spiridon-solstice- a ritual doll that was made to achieve the desired changes in life. It was believed that Spiridon the Solstice, by spinning the wheel he holds in his hands, turns life in the desired direction.

Spiridon-Solstice is associated with the ancient Slavic god Svarog. It was believed that he created people and crafts, and was also the patron of family ties.

The wheel in his hands represents the Sun and has eight spokes. Thanks to the sun, which provides light and warmth, all living things exist and function. The Sun also gives everyone responsibility and punctuality, because it gives light to everyone equally and it always rises on time, and where there is responsibility, there will always be prosperity.

For a man, Spiridon is a good assistant in business, business and household matters. It is also given to motorists as a talisman. Spiridon-Solstice helps to hold the steering wheel more firmly.

Spiridon helps a woman to seize the helm of life with her own hands, choose her life path, find herself “in the right place at the right time,” and also achieve success in creativity and business.

Marina Marakutsa

Making a doll from bast.

Preliminary work:

Conversation, looking at illustrations with toys, dolls.

1. Visit to the mini-museum of dolls in kindergarten.

2. Looking at illustrations

3. Conversation about folk crafts of the Russian North.

4. Repetition of safety precautions with piercing and cutting instruments.

Target:

Continue to introduce children to arts and crafts.

1. Learn to do doll made from bast.

2. Develop images and spatial thinking (maintain proportions, horizons, develop the ability design from natural material.

3. Develop fine motor skills.

4. Encourage children to be creative and independent.

5. Cultivate interest in traditions.

Methodical techniques:

Teacher's story, examination of a bast product.

Equipment:

A tape recorder with recordings of Russian folk music.

Sample bast.

Harsh thread.

Mystery:

What does all of this mean?

Daughter, she’s not crying,

Put you to bed -

Will sleep

A day, and two, and twice five:

(doll)

Educator:

Guys, do you like to play with toys?

Children:

Educator:

Which are your favorites? (children's answer)

What kind of toys do you think children used to play with? There were no shops, no factories manufacturing There were no toys either.

Toys made by themselves or their parents.

What can you make your own toys from?

Children:

Made from clay, paper, fabric.

Educator:

That's right, And they also made toys from bast, straw, wood, that is, from what nature provided. But does everyone you were allowed to play with dolls?

Children:

Educator:

Well done. Were ritual dolls, dolls - amulets, which served to protect the house and the child from evil, and attracted prosperity and happiness to the house.

Now look at these illustrations they show dolls made from different materials. (Looking at illustrations)

Educator:

What material are these toys made of?

Right. These toys are made from bast and bast(showing a whitewash brush made from bast) .

Bast is a young bast, fibers that are found under the bark of a tree. (showing how it is filmed). In the old days, it was used to make bast shoes, kitchen rags, washcloths.

And today we will make from bast doll - amulet« I cut my hair» .

Physical education minute:

In our hut

The rooster is crowing.

The mouse is a bitch

Sweeps the hut.

Cat on the window

He sews pants.

Chicken on the stove

He scrapes the pots.

I'm doing doll« I cut my hair» - step by step.

Draw children's attention to the proportions of the body and accuracy.

Provide assistance to children as needed. Viewing dolls.

B. Elshansky

Lisa doll has grown older,

And now she will understand

That porridge is the healthiest thing

What tastes best is compote.

Gathered around the horse

Clown, elephant and cat:

Doll eats so sweetly in front of them,

Everything, everything, everything, down to the tiniest bit!

Oh, what a great guy!

Oh, what a Lisa!

I finally learned

Eat without whims.

Clean plate

Clean cup, spoon,

I ate until the end

At least for fun.

I. Gorbachev

My Lena doll,

Apparently she's sick!

Doesn't want to eat porridge.

The eyes don't look anymore.

Doesn't go for walks with me.

We need to call the doctor!

But the doll suddenly said quietly:

“I'm tired of playing with you!

Let me sleep a little,

And then we’ll go for a walk!”

N. Ryabova

Katya doll in a new dress,

I sewed it myself.

I spent half a day poring over it,

Brought it to mind.

It only happened in the evening,

To me from my mom.

I spent on a dress

A bunch of new sheets.

At the end of work dolls are placed on the table(straight surface, from below the table the teacher taps on the surface and the dolls are starting"dance".

Educator:

Well done. And now we will give the dolls to our guests.

Russian folk music is playing.

The Joy Bird is a ritual doll that was used to attract Spring. In order for Spring to come, at the beginning of March, married women, who were the main characters in the ritual, and young girls put on bright clothes and went beyond the edge of the village to call for spring. They wore hats in the shape of birds, decorated with fur trims and feathers, that is, the women themselves appeared in the form of birds, because they believed that Spring flies on the wings of a bird.

There was even such a sign - if a bird lands on a woman’s head, hand or shoulder, then she will be blessed with good luck and happiness all year long.

This doll makes a woman feel her purpose and attractiveness. It is made using birch logs.

Doll-Veduchka or Leading to Life

The veduchka was always made by a woman who wanted to be a good mother, always wanted to understand what her child wanted and raise him correctly. This doll has a special structure: the hands of mother and child are a single whole. This twist symbolizes unity, close connection, love and closeness between mother and child.

The protective doll Odolen-Grass has a special sign of the Sun - a solar symbol.

To enhance the effect of the “Odolen-Grass” amulet, they say:

“Talisman of the Overpowering Grass, help me defeat evil people, so that they don’t think badly of me, so that they don’t wish evil, so that they don’t do evil! Slavic amulet Odolen-Grass, help me take away all the sidelong glances, bad words, and bad deeds!”

The Herbal Pot is a healing amulet doll that helps purify the air in the house and prevent diseases. Usually it was placed in that part of the house where the air stagnated, or hung over a baby's cradle. It was necessary to crush the bag of herbs before going to bed to fill the room with aroma, and then the air would become healing and everyone would sleep better.

Actually, the body of the Herbal Pot is a bag filled with medicinal herbs. The use of the Egg Capsule depends on the herbs with which the bag is filled.

For example, if you want the doll to have a calming effect, fill it with fresh sawdust, bark, pine needles and buckwheat or motherwort, lemon balm and chamomile.

For a small master class on how to create a Herbal Pot with your own hands, watch the video from the Development Academy:

MINT - helps improve mental activity. There is a legend that mint is named after the goddess Menta, who personifies reason, memory and common sense. It was believed that students during exam periods or those studying philosophy, a difficult science, should wear mint wreaths. Mint contains substances that have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, namely phytoncides.

LAVENDER - has high antibacterial properties, and in addition, lavender has a pleasant aroma. It will help you get rid of severe headaches, high blood pressure, or relieve pain due to intracranial pressure.

MELISSA - has a mild hypnotic effect, used for heart rhythm disturbances (relieves cardiac arrhythmia), and also relieves nervous tremors, which some people experience at night. Melissa also lowers blood pressure and slows breathing.

St. John's wort - used for insomnia and neurasthenia.

THYME - has always been considered an excellent antiseptic. Thyme is also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, expectorant, bronchodilator, antispasmodic, etc. It is also used as a mild sleeping pill. Thyme is used for bronchitis and painful cough.

ORIGINAL - has a calming effect. It also kills microbial flora in case of sore throat.

Doll Krupenichka and Rich Man

Slavic amulets dolls Krupenichka and the Rich Man bring abundance to the family. The Krupenichka pupa is also called Zernushka, Zernovushka or Pea. Krupenichka is simple in appearance, but has great symbolic meaning, which is why it has the status of “the main doll in the house.”

The Slavs believed that since the earth gives (gives birth) a harvest, then the image that this harvest gives is female. This means Krupenichka is in charge, and the Rich Man is at her aid.

Baba Yaga is always associated with evil and deceit, an evil witch who lives in a deep forest. But that's not true! Baba Yaga is a good helper and sensible adviser. She will always tell you where to find living water or the Firebird, how to protect yourself from enemies or find loyal friends.

In Rus', the rowan tree was treated with great reverence, just like the Mother! They never broke a mountain ash just like that, because they knew what strong protective qualities it had.

Therefore, the existence in Rus' of such a talisman doll as Ryabinka is quite understandable. It symbolizes motherhood, female wisdom, home, and is a talisman of family happiness, keeping true love from misfortune.

The amulet doll will have magical properties if it is made on a cross from rowan branches.

The prosperous woman fills the house with joy, brings prosperity and prosperity into it, and blocks the penetration of evil forces. If you want to give this amulet, then give it with wishes of well-being.

The doll must be made in one day; the process cannot be postponed to the next.

And inside the doll you need to put a coin with the number 5, because 5 is the number of well-being in numerology.

Five-ruble coin inserted inside a doll (author - Anastasia Bobrovnikova)

The Blessed Doll can be placed in a visible place, or it can be hidden. To determine where to place the doll, you need to trust its choice.

Take the doll in your hands and stand in the middle of the room, relax and listen to yourself. Wherever your thoughts lead you, go there.

Even from a distant or hidden place, the Blessed One will always be on guard, will protect the owners of the house and take care of them, because she sits on the Bag of Happiness.

The plantain is a ritual doll. It was given on the road so that good luck would accompany the traveler. Most often it was made by a mother for her son or a wife for her husband.

Only the one who made it and the one to whom it was made can pick up the Plantain.

The Plantain doll is made small, about 5–7 cm in height, so that it can be conveniently placed in a pocket, backpack or bag, and maybe even in a small clutch or handbag.

The Successful amulet embodies a person who is successful in any work - in the domestic or financial sphere, and can complete any work efficiently and on time. This knotted doll (motanka) is made to help in any endeavor, to promote career growth, well-being, and luck in your personal life. This is a stately, beautifully dressed, neat doll that confidently stands on its own feet. A fabric bag hangs on her shoulder - it serves as a symbol of the things that she can do.

To ensure that the work you do brings in a stable income, put a coin or bill in the Success Woman’s purse!

Every time something goes well or you receive a monetary reward, be sure to thank the Successful Girl, share some money with her, or give her a decoration made of ribbons or beads.

Doll Thread of Fate

The Thread of Fate amulet doll will help get rid of sadness, melancholy and despondency. It will also bring prosperity, prosperity and good luck, and will help in any endeavors, in work and in the implementation of plans.

Kolyada is a solar symbol. This portly woman, who is dressed in everything smart and new, she maintains good relations in the family. The Slavs believed that when Kolyada comes to the house, happiness, harmony and peace come with her.

Kolyada is an ancient Slavic holiday of the Winter Solstice, also called the holiday of the Birth of the Sun. It began 3 days after the winter solstice and lasted until the end of the winter holidays.

Six Hands is considered the patroness of women's crafts. She is an indispensable assistant for those who do needlework. The six-handle will protect your hands from fatigue and help you distribute work correctly so that you have enough energy and time for everything. Sometimes Shestiruchka is also called Filippovka. She has a bundle of grains and coins hanging on her belt so that everything she does with her own hands will bring profit.

Kupalo helps to find true and bright love, restores vitality, removes sadness and melancholy, treats depression and strengthens the bonds of marriage.

The ancient holiday - Kupala Day - is full of mysticism and omens.

And the ignorant, it happened, would find the answer for himself.

On a pure holiday - Kupala Day, let trouble burn with fire,

And water, like a blanket, will hide grief forever.

The bell is considered a doll of good news. She is originally from Valdai. From this came the Valdai Bells.

The doll has 3 skirts. They indicate that for any person there are 3 kingdoms - copper, silver and gold.

Happiness also consists of 3 parts - the body feels good, which means the soul is calm, and if the soul is calm, then the spirit is calm, which means the person is happy.

Bell - a cheerful, mischievous doll, brings joy to the house with her enthusiasm. She is a talisman of good mood. Give a bell to someone you wish joy, good mood and only good news.

The ten-handle is a great helper in household chores. Women or girls made ten-handles to increase their strength in housekeeping. The doll was often given to brides as a wedding gift, and if the woman was already married, then it was given as a gift for the Filippovka holiday, which was celebrated on November 27. At the same time, they wanted housewives to succeed everywhere and in everything without wasting extra effort, figuratively speaking, having 10 hands.

When women made a doll, they really hoped for its help, so they put their soul, their intentions, secrets and energy into it. Consequently, the process acquired special significance.

Until the doll is completely ready, do not let it out of your hands, do not break away from the manufacturing process, and it is not even recommended to have conversations with anyone at this time! And when the Ten Handle is ready, read a prayer over it and leave it under the icon overnight.

Pelenashki are protective dolls for the little ones. They were always placed in the baby's cradle so that the doll would protect against illness and the evil eye. They also helped women during childbirth.

The diaper is a doll wrapped in a diaper with a scarf and a swaddle belt. Since ancient times, all children were swaddled with a swaddle; this had both practical and protective significance.

Women made diapers in the last weeks of pregnancy, with positive thoughts about their future child, and immediately put it in the cradle so that the doll could live in it and warm it.

There is a belief that before baptism a newborn must be protected from evil spirits, and Pelenashka must take upon herself all the bad things that could harm the baby.

Having placed the Diaper in the cradle, you need to say:

“Somnia - insomnia, don’t play with my baby, play with this doll.”

And when relatives and friends came to look at the child, the doll was placed in the folds of a handkerchief.

When leaving, the guests said to Pelenashka: “Oh, what a good looking doll!”

After the child was baptized, the Diaper was removed from the cradle and stored along with the baptismal robe.

Lovebirds are a ritual wedding amulet doll that has great symbolic meaning. It is named so because the doll is crafted as a single whole. Both parts, man and woman, are inseparable, they have one common hand, as a symbol of a family union and a common destiny. The doll is usually given as a wedding gift to newlyweds or already married couples to make the family stronger.

A special feature of the Lovebirds is the common hand based on a long wooden splinter. It was made by the bridesmaids as a symbol of masculinity and femininity.

Spiridon-solstice is a ritual doll that was made to achieve the desired changes in life. It was believed that Spiridon the Solstice, by spinning the wheel he holds in his hands, turns life in the desired direction.

Spiridon-Solstice is associated with the ancient Slavic god Svarog. It was believed that he created people and crafts, and was also the patron of family ties.

For a man, Spiridon is a good assistant in business, business and household matters. It is also given to motorists as a talisman. Spiridon-Solstice helps to hold the steering wheel more firmly.

Spiridon-Solstice can stand anywhere in the owner's house.

We hope that we have helped you understand the purpose of each protective doll. If possible, we will definitely share with you detailed master classes on how to create them!

You can clearly see other amulets dolls in the video from the People's Master of Russia - Maya Anatolyevna Sysoeva:

To everyone who shares with friends,

“Cross” guarantees a creative takeoff for the whole year! 🙂

Kudinova Ekaterina Andreevna
Job title:
Educational institution: MAUDO "Ozherelevsky Center for Additional Education of the Kashira Urban District"
Locality: microdistrict Necklace
Name of material: Methodological development of a lesson in the association "Good Old Doll"
Subject:"Bask doll"
Publication date: 20.02.2017
Chapter: additional education

Municipal autonomous institution

additional education

"Ozherelevsky Center for Additional Education of the City

Kashira district"

Association “Good Old Doll”.

Methodological development of the lesson:

"A doll made of bast."

Prepared and conducted:

additional education teacher

Kudinova Ekaterina Andreevna

Necklace, 2017

1. HISTORY OF THE APPEARANCE OF DOLLS.

In the modern high-tech world, fortunately, there is still

place for folk crafts. Many people are very interested in history today

of his people, outlandish rituals and national funny toys.

Among them, a special place is occupied by the doll, which is dearly loved by children and

this day, because she is soft, elegant, warm. And there are so many role-playing games with her

you can think of it.

Making dolls from natural materials has its roots in

distant past. It was believed that dolls made by hand from

improvised materials are capable of driving away evil spirits and bringing happiness to

house. Often the doll was made faceless. According to ancient beliefs, in a doll without a face

Evil spirits cannot take up residence. The dolls were made by hand by grandmothers or

mothers with their children with good wishes. They were made without

scissors, needles. The fact that the doll was “faceless” allowed children to dream and

fantasize. Children could invent her mood and character. Through games

with the doll, children got acquainted with traditions, customs, life

situations, learned about the world of nature and society.

The folk toy is not affected by time, it still finds its way

to the hearts of children and adults. Being a part of culture, the doll preserves

in its image, the identity and characteristic features of the people creating it. IN

This is the main value of a folk doll.

I propose to make a doll from bast, which will bring to your home

natural aroma and sunlight.

To introduce children to natural materials, you can prepare

a short story about the process of preparing bast and its application.

(See Appendix 1.)

2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES.

Target: Teach children to make a doll from bast.

Include

folk

traditions

decoratively

applied

art and home design.

Tasks:

Development of fine motor skills of hands, creative abilities, involvement of children

to the basics of needlework.

Familiarization with the technique of making a talisman doll from bast.

Develop

art

combining

To cultivate perseverance, accuracy, and love for the folk doll.

3. MATERIAL REQUIRED.

glue gun;

multi-colored satin ribbons of various widths;

scraps of fabric;

sponge brush;

transparent tape;

a little lace;

scissors (Appendix 2.)

Sizes may vary, as you can choose the thickness and length of the bast beam.

take arbitrary ones.

3. STAGES OF WORK.

We untie the knots on the hand using the pointed edge of the knitting needle.

We don’t throw away the resulting ties; they will still be useful in the future.

The inside of the brush is compressed with tree bark, which is not only bad

fixed, but also crumbles greatly. Why do you stand around on the table?

trashy all the time. We press the bark with one hand, and with the other free

secure with transparent tape.

After this, we straighten the fibers as shown in the photo for

forming the future head of our doll.

We tie the remaining ties two knots above the edge of the bark, leaving

long ends for loops.

Using a knitting needle, we align the fibers.

Separate equal bundles for the arms on the sides.

At the 1/3 level, we tie all the lengths of the beam with the remains of the bast, first by one

node If you use threads, then use two, since the knot from them will be

"slide".

Bend it in half and place the bundle on the first knot.

Now we tie two knots and tuck the ends from the bast inward

We repeat the same procedure on the other side. In the end it should be

We cut off the protruding fibers on both sides with scissors.

We make a loop at the back.

Cut out a piece measuring 10x10 cm from any fabric.

We tie it around the doll's head in any way. And with the help

We fix it with a glue gun.

Cut the satin ribbon (2.5 cm wide) into 6 pieces 5 cm long.

Then from a ribbon of a similar color (5 cm wide) we make two identical

pieces of 10 cm. All 8 pieces must be singed in order to

the tapes did not fall off.

We glue short strips onto the doll’s “hands” one by one and begin

glue them from below, placing the next one on top of the previous one.

We cover the resulting shoulders with narrow (width 1.5 cm) satin

ribbons of the same color 12 cm long.

Then we cover the body of the bereginya doll with wide ribbons.

We take a piece of fabric with a special beveled cut on one side.

Gather the edge of the fabric onto the needle in one direction, and then turn it over

flap, assemble again in a different direction.

Glue the resulting skirt to the bottom edge of the ribbon.

Afterwards we cover the gluing area with tape (length 25 cm).

Cut out a fragment from the lace ribbon and glue it onto the doll -

The amulet doll is ready! Give for happiness!

Annex 1.

Story.

Bast - young bast, fibrous, fragile underbark of a deciduous tree - linden, willow,

oak The most common is linden bast. Used for making matting and

weaving bast shoes, baskets, toys, used as a washbasin in a bathhouse.

To prepare bast, they removed the bark from the linden with a scraper, then soaked it in water near the shore,

in a shallow, quiet place, pressed down with stones and for about a week. Then they tore it off

bast from measles, washed the bast “white” and dried on hangers.

The bast easily comes off from the linden tree from spring until the end of July, when active

sap flow along the trunk (and bast fibers are also conductive tissue of the tree); But

We didn’t tear the bast in the spring, we waited for it to grow thicker by mid-summer.

They looked for linden trees that were not old, starting with those that were as thick as an arm and up to a span of about

thickness (1 span - 4 inches - 17.78 cm). If the tree came across older and the bark

thick, then first with a scraper (a plane with a narrow blade and two handles) or an ax

cut off its top layer (“growths”), otherwise when folding the bark into “lumps” (skeins)

it will break and the bast will break into short pieces. The linden tree was felled with an ax and

hands “tore the bast” - on the butt (thick end of the trunk) they cut the bark, grabbed it easily

separating edges and tore long strips of bark along with bast from the tree. IN

In ripe season, the bast is thick and easily comes off along with the bark. It happened that when removing the bast

they used a pointed wooden spatula made from a spruce branch.

We tried to prepare as long a bast as possible, especially for twisting ropes. Bitches

they chopped it off, carefully peeling off the sticky, cut the trunk and took it with them - from the soft

white wood was cut into ladles, grain scoops, and spoons; carvers made from linden

wood carved icon cases, applied carvings on furniture. There is nothing at all at the cutting site

abandoned, the forest was kept clean and not littered.

Women, going out for bast without men, used to not cut down the tree, but tore the bast from

standing sticky, making notches at the root and above the head, as far as your hands can reach; or they fucked

stripes from below and to the very branches of the crown. The tree remained standing, the bast not taken

and the wood was wasted without use. This is how they prepared bast for themselves already on collective farms after

wars, when mainly women and children worked on the land, with a shortage of men -

dead husbands and fathers.

The harvested bark was rolled into “balls” (skeins) - ribbons of bast bark were twisted

side out, and bark inward. The lumps were tied with thin strips of the same bast and

They were placed together with the linden blanks in the boat. Arriving home under sail, on

Boyars, they soaked the lumps in water near the shore, in a shallow, calm place, pressing down

stones. The length of time the bark was soaked until ready depended on the water temperature - in

In cold summers they soaked longer, in warm summers - shorter. Usually they drenched in the lake for at least

weeks. As with urinating flax, hemp, and in ancient times nettles, the effect of urinating

is to ensure that the fibers needed in the household are acidified, separated from the coarse,

unusable part of the workpiece or stem, so that it becomes possible to separate the good

fibers from the bark or, in the case of flax, from the pit. At the same time, you cannot overexpose the lumps

and, even more so, sheaves of flax in water, because then the most necessary things will begin to rot

When you see this soaked bast - soaked, covered with mucus, silt, smelling

rotten - I can’t believe that it’s worth putting your hands on it and soon the foul-smelling

the lump will turn out to be a “sunny” fragrant washcloth. How did they achieve this? Kochomki

pulled ashore, untied, and strips of bark hung on hangers (devices made from

poles for drying, repairing nets, etc.) along skodni (wooden walkways for

mooring the boat). A well-soaked bast is easily separated from the bark, usually

strips of bast were separated from the bark with bare hands, without any tools. When

difficulties, to remove the last, coarse fibers, they used a knife. At once

thick and wide multilayer bast strands were divided into approximately equal

thickness and width of the strip and laid out the washcloth in different bundles, dividing it according to

fiber quality and length.

Appendix 2.

RULES

WORKING WITH SCISSORS":

Place the scissors with the rings facing you.

Watch the movement of the blades while working.

Don't leave scissors open.

Pass the scissors rings first.

Don't play with scissors, don't bring them to your face.