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“Powerful nature is full of miracles. Spring fairy tale "Snow Maiden" Project work. Completed the work: student of the 8th grade MAOU "BMSOSH" Khusnutdinov II.

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Selection and substantiation of the project Study and research of the Snow Maiden's image in fine, decorative and applied arts, cartoons, films, etc.

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Purpose: To reveal your understanding of the deep meaning of the kind instructive story-tale "Snow Maiden" Objectives: To study the origins of the Snow Maiden image. Classify information about the image of the Snow Maiden. Through the Internet sources, find out how deep the image of the Snow Maiden is ... According to the description, create the image of the modern Snow Maiden. Draw conclusions about the place of the Snow Maiden in world literature.

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Stages of project implementation. Search and processing of information. The choice of methodology and its implementation in practice. Assessment of the results obtained.

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Contents The origins of the image of the Snow Maiden in the pagan culture of the Slavs. Variants of folk author's tales. A play for the theater by A.N. Ostrovsky "Snow Maiden" Music by P.I. Tchaikovsky for the play of the same name. Opera fairy tale by N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov The image of the fairy tale "Snow Maiden" in fine arts, arts and crafts, painting, costume sketches and scenery Movies and cartoons The Snow Maiden

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For many years, one of the beloved and adored characters of the New Year has been a beautiful and sweet girl - the Snow Maiden. Even the ancient Slavs revered the image of the Snow Maiden, the daughter of the Snow Queen and Frost. However, such a character did not appear in folk rituals. The Snow Maiden came to us from Russian folklore as a girl made of snow and coming to life in a folk tale.

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For the first time, this image was investigated by A. N. Afanasyev. And a little later, inspired by this idea, the outstanding playwright A. N. Ostrovsky embodied the image of the Snow Maiden in the play of the same name. According to the author's idea, the Snow Maiden is a blonde girl, whose parents were Santa Claus and Vesna - Red. She looked very pale, and her clothes were the same, a blue and white fur coat with a fur hat and mittens. The play was written in the form of a drama, a beautiful and sweet girl dies in the summer during an ancient Slavic ritual in honor of the sun god Yarila.

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Until now, the Snow Maiden is very popular and is an obligatory companion of Santa Claus. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the image of the Snow Maiden was very often used in scripts for various children's New Year's events. Christmas trees were decorated with figures of the Snow Maiden, and the costumes of the Snow Maiden were prepared for the girls. Small performances of popular folk tales, plays and operas, where the main character was the Snow Maiden, were very popular. The Snow Maiden acts on a par with Santa Claus, as his granddaughter, assistant and mediator in communication between him and the children. At the beginning of 1937, Santa Claus and Snegurochka first appeared together for a Christmas tree holiday in the Moscow House of Unions.

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The image of the beautiful Snow Maiden, granddaughter of Santa Claus is even more mysterious than Santa Claus himself. As such, it is absent in the pantheon of Slavic gods (at least in the form that has come down to us) and has no analogues in the mythology of other peoples. This unique image is found only in Russian folklore. The origins of the image of the Snow Maiden in the pagan culture of the Slavs. On the question of the origin of the Snow Maiden, there are 2 versions: 1.the image of the daughter of Frost 2.the symbol of frozen waters

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The Snow Maiden is a New Year character in Russian legends, the granddaughter of Santa Claus. However, among the Slavs, the Snow Maiden was considered the daughter of Frost and the Snow Queen. The image of the Snow Maiden is unique for Russian culture. The true roots of the Snow Maiden's kinship go back to the pre-Christian mythology of the Slavs. In the northern regions of pagan Rus there was a custom of making idols out of snow and ice. And the image of the revived ice girl is often found in the legends of those times. The image of the Snow Maiden is not recorded in the Russian folk rite. However, in Russian folklore, she appears as a character in a folk tale about a girl made of snow who came to life. This snow girl in the summer goes with her friends to the forest for berries and either gets lost in the forest or melts, jumping over the fire (most likely, Kupalsky)

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The last option is more indicative and, most likely, is the initial one. It reflects the myth of nature spirits that perish when the season changes. It reveals a connection with the calendar rite of jumping over the fire, which is initiation (at this moment the girl turns into a girl). The Snow Maiden as a seasonal character dies with the arrival of summer. In many versions of the tale, she is, in fact, a resurrected snow woman. Dvina (Ardvi of the ancient Iranians). Thus, the Snow Maiden is the embodiment of frozen waters in general and the waters of the Northern Dvina in particular. She is dressed only in white clothes. No other color is allowed in traditional symbols. The ornament is made only with silver threads. The headpiece is an eight-pointed wreath embroidered with silver and pearls.

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"Snow Maiden" in the visual arts. The image of the Snow Maiden got its modern look in 1935 in the Soviet Union, after the official permission to celebrate the New Year. It is curious that in the early Soviet images the Snow Maiden is often depicted as a little girl, in the form of a girl they began to represent her later. The Snow Maiden looks like a beautiful pale blonde girl. She is dressed in blue and white clothes with fur trim and a kokoshnik. In 1882, N.A.Rimsky-Korsakov staged an opera of the same name based on the play, which was a huge success. Many artists turned to the image of the Snow Maiden in their work, such as Vasnetsov, Roerich, Korovin, Mikhail Vrubel, Vladimir Nesterov, Alexander Daineka, Svetlana Kim and many others

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The Snow Maiden is one of the most interesting and famous heroes of all time. She is the hero of not one, not even two, but dozens of most interesting fairy tales, stories, plays, operas, songs, and paintings of the Russian people. The Snow Maiden is the favorite of all children and adults.

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General conclusions. The image of the Snow Maiden is not recorded in the Russian folk rite. However, in Russian folklore, she appears as a character in a folk tale about a girl made of snow who came to life. In 1873 A. N. Ostrovsky wrote the play The Snow Maiden. Most researchers of Ostrovsky's work, speaking of the play The Snow Maiden, refer to the playwright's diary, which he kept in the spring of 1848, when he moved with his family from Moscow to Shchelykovo. Perhaps, during a stop in Pereslavl-Zalessky, the author of "The Snow Maiden" heard a local legend "about the kingdom of the happy Berendei ruled by a kind and wise king." Shelykov's fabulous nature evokes folklore motifs and images. Therefore, the appearance of the play-fairy tale "The Snow Maiden" in the work of the playwright is not at all accidental. Thus, it is possible that Shchelykovo could be the birthplace of the Snow Maiden. But on the other hand, Abramtsevo can be considered the birthplace of the Snow Maiden. In 1882, N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov staged an opera of the same name based on the play, which was a huge success. And in 1882 he really "revived" the Snow Maiden S. Ostrovsky. Mamontov. The artists of the Abramtsevo art circle created by Mamontov staged a performance based on Ostrovsky's play in 1882. And it was in Abramtsevo that V.M. Vasnetsov painted the painting "The Snow Maiden - the daughter of Frost and Spring." Great credit for the concrete realization of the Snow Maiden's image belongs to V.M. Vasnetsov. The success of the production and of the opera was largely due to its amazing scenery, which is one of the heights of the artist's work. Thus, two places can be considered the birthplace of the Snow Maiden: Abramtsevo and Shchelykovo. And the image of the Snow Maiden got its modern look in 1935 in the Soviet Union, after the official permission to celebrate the New Year. At the beginning of 1937, Santa Claus and Snegurochka first appeared together for a Christmas tree holiday in the Moscow House of Unions

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List of used literature and Internet resources: 1. Desk reference book of the student "Five in the diary". St. Petersburg. Ves Publishing Group 2007 2. www.vesebook .ru 3. www.schtudtime.ru 4. www. Wikipedia.com

The Snow Maiden is our purely Russian heritage, the product of the great and generous truly Russian spirit.
There is no female character in any other New Year mythology, except for the Russian one. In Japanese folklore, there is a snow woman - Yuki-Onna, but this is a different type - a demonic character who personifies a snow storm.
The Snow Maiden's life is shrouded in secrets and legends. It is not even very clear where this young companion of Santa Claus came from. In Russian folk tales, the Snow Maiden has nothing to do with him. According to one source, she was given birth by a Big Spruce. The girl suddenly appeared from under a fluffy spruce branch,
to others, she is the daughter of Spring Red and Frost, and perhaps she was sculpted from the snow by childless old men Ivan da Marya. They fashioned themselves for joy, but could not save ...
The Snow Maiden fell in love with many and soon became a constant companion of Santa Claus. Only now their family ties have undergone some changes over time - from a daughter she turned into a granddaughter, but she did not lose her charm.
The familiar appearance of the Snow Maiden arose thanks to three great artists:
V.M. Vasnetsov, M.A. Vrubel and N.K. Roerich.
All the tales about the Snow Maiden were collected, recorded and studied by the collector of folklore A. N. Afanasyev. His
the book inspired the writer A. N. Ostrovsky, who wrote the famous play "The Snow Maiden" in 1873. However, the play did not have success with the then public and was forgotten for a decade, until the world famous philanthropist Savva Ivanovich took it under his wing Mamontov, who decided to re-stage it on the stage of the Abramtsevo circle in Moscow. The premiere of the play took place on Christmas Day, January 6, 1882. It is noteworthy that the sketches of costumes for the play were prepared by Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. A moonlit winter night ... The stars are twinkling ... In a snow-white glade of a dark cold forest, in a painted brocade fur coat and a hat, stands a bewildered girl - the daughter of Spring-Red and Santa Claus, going into the world of people ...

This work has become one of the artist's most recognizable paintings. In 1881, a Moscow philanthropist
Savva Mamontov decided to stage Ostrovsky's play "The Snow Maiden" on the home stage. He invited Vasnetsov to paint the scenery and make sketches of costumes. Miraculously intertwined in Ostrovsky's play fairytale characters and people who lived in Russia in time immemorial, worshiping the god Yaril. Vasnetsov, following the author, created an amazing gallery of images of the ancient Russian people. Half a century later, the artist Grabar will say: "Drawings for the Snow Maiden", in the sense of the penetration and flair of the Russian spirit, have not been surpassed to this day, despite the fact that half a century separates them from our days "... The painting was completed in 1899. The model for the Snow Maiden was the daughter of Mamontov Sasha.The artist liked the smart and nimble girl Sasha, who most of all loved to ride in a sleigh with the wind ...
The painting is in the State Tretyakov Gallery
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel in 1898 created the image of the Snow Maiden on a decorative panel in the house of A.V. Morozov.

Such a Snow Maiden Vrubel has come down to us, which he wrote from his wife, N.I. Zabela-Vrubel, who performed the role of Snow Maiden in the opera of the same name by Rimsky-Korsakov ..

Nadezhda Ivanovna remained for Vrubel an alluring mystery, "The Stranger", the embodiment of that elusive secret that always seemed to him in nature, and in music, and in the states of the human soul.
The painting is also in the State Tretyakov Gallery
A little later, in 1912, N.K. Roerich wrote his own vision of the Snow Maiden while working on staging a dramatic play about the Snow Maiden in St. Petersburg. But not all of the artist's plans were successfully implemented. It happened that in the absence of Roerich, the sketches fell into the hands of irresponsible artisans, distorting his idea.
the spring tale of Ostrovsky and Rimsky-Korsakov captivated even in his youth and, according to the artist himself, was very close to him.

On the themes of his beloved fairy tale, he also wrote individual paintings, and on the pages of the artist's diaries and essays, we more than once come across deep reflections caused by the images of "The Snow Maiden".
The drawings are in the State Russian Museum of St. Petersburg
The Snow Maiden theme is very popular among contemporary artists, keepers of ancient crafts

She looks like a beautiful, pale, blonde girl. She is dressed in blue and white clothes with a fur trim (fur coat, fur hat, mittens). She looks like a beautiful, pale, blonde girl. She is dressed in blue and white clothes with a fur trim (fur coat, fur hat, mittens).

The image of the Snow Maiden goes back to elves, mermaids, pitchforks, who appear in spring under a light cover of clouds, warmed and illuminated by the bright rays of the sun, who appear to be light, shiny, white creatures ... "The image of the Snow Maiden goes back to elves, mermaids, pitchforks, appearing in spring under a light cover of clouds, warmed and illuminated by the bright rays of the sun, who appear to be light, shiny, white creatures ... "

In 1873, A. N. Ostrovsky, influenced by Afanasyev's ideas, wrote the play The Snow Maiden. In it, the Snow Maiden appears as the daughter of Santa Claus and Spring Red, who dies during the summer ritual of worshiping the sun god Yaril. In 1873, A. N. Ostrovsky, influenced by Afanasyev's ideas, wrote the play The Snow Maiden. In it, the Snow Maiden appears as the daughter of Santa Claus and Spring Red, who dies during the summer ritual of worshiping the sun god Yaril.

The image of the Snow Maiden was further developed in the works of teachers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, who prepared scripts for children's New Year trees. The image of the Snow Maiden was further developed in the works of teachers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, who prepared scripts for children's New Year trees.

Even before the revolution, Snegurochka figurines decorated the New Year tree, girls dressed up in Snegurochka costumes, and fragments from fairy tales, Ostrovsky's play or opera were staged. At this time, the Snow Maiden did not act as a leading. Even before the revolution, Snegurochka figurines decorated the New Year tree, girls dressed up in Snegurochka costumes, and fragments from fairy tales, Ostrovsky's play or opera were staged. At this time, the Snow Maiden did not act as a leading.

The image of the Snow Maiden got its modern look in 1935 in the Soviet Union, after the official permission to celebrate the New Year. In the books on organizing Christmas trees of this period, the Snow Maiden appears on a par with Santa Claus as his granddaughter, assistant and mediator in communication between him and the children. The image of the Snow Maiden got its modern look in 1935 in the Soviet Union, after the official permission to celebrate the New Year. In the books on organizing Christmas trees of this period, the Snow Maiden appears on a par with Santa Claus as his granddaughter, assistant and mediator in communication between him and the children.

At the beginning of 1937, Santa Claus and Snegurochka first appeared together for a Christmas tree holiday in the Moscow House of Unions. It is curious that in the early Soviet images the Snow Maiden is often depicted as a little girl, in the form of a girl they began to represent her later. At the beginning of 1937, Santa Claus and Snegurochka first appeared together for a Christmas tree holiday in the Moscow House of Unions. It is curious that in the early Soviet images the Snow Maiden is often depicted as a little girl, in the form of a girl they began to represent her later.

In the post-war period, the Snow Maiden is almost an obligatory companion of Santa Claus in all festive celebrations, congratulations, etc. In the post-war period, the Snow Maiden is almost an obligatory companion of Santa Claus in all festive celebrations, congratulations, etc.

On New Year's Eve, students of theatrical universities and actresses often worked as Snow Maidens. In amateur performances, older girls and young women, more often fair-haired, were chosen for the role of Snow Maidens. On New Year's Eve, students of theatrical universities and actresses often worked as Snow Maidens. In amateur performances, older girls and young women, more often fair-haired, were chosen for the role of Snow Maidens.

The Snow Maiden is a New Year's character in Russian legends, the granddaughter of Santa Claus, the main symbol of the New Year. However, it is interesting that since ancient times the Slavs considered the Snow Maiden to be the daughter of Frost and the Snow Queen. Apparently later, due to the impossibility of explaining the real origin of the Snow Maiden and due to the very large difference in age between her and Santa Claus, a variant took root characterizing the Snow Maiden as a granddaughter. The Snow Maiden is a New Year's character in Russian legends, the granddaughter of Santa Claus, the main symbol of the New Year. However, it is interesting that from ancient times the Slavs considered the Snow Maiden to be the daughter of Frost and the Snow Queen. Apparently later, for reasons of impossibility to explain the real origin of the Snow Maiden and due to the very large difference in age between her and Santa Claus, a variant took root characterizing the Snow Maiden as a granddaughter.

Snow Maiden is a New Year character in Russian legends, granddaughter of Santa Claus. However, among the Slavs, Snegurochka was considered the daughter of Frost and Spring.

The image of the Snow Maiden is unique for Russian culture. There are no female characters in the New Year and Christmas mythology of the rest of the world. Abroad, the Russian Snow Maiden is called Snow Maiden.

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848-1926). Snow Maiden. 1885.

The image of the Snow Maiden is not recorded in the Russian folk rite. However, in Russian folklore, she appears as a character in a folk tale about a girl made of snow, who came to life.

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848-1926). Snow Maiden and Lel. 1885.

The tales of the Snow Maiden were studied by A. N. Afanasyev in the second volume of his work "Poetic views of the Slavs on nature" (1867).

V. M. Vasnetsov "Snow Maiden" (1899)

In 1873 A. N. Ostrovsky, under the influence of Afanasyev's ideas, wrote the play The Snow Maiden. In it, the Snow Maiden appears as the daughter of Santa Claus and Spring Red, who dies during the summer ritual of worshiping the sun god Yarila. Has the appearance of a lovely pale blonde girl. She is dressed in blue and white clothes with a fur trim (fur coat, fur hat, mittens). Initially, the play was not a success with the public.

Mikhail Vrubel. Snow Maiden. 1890s.

In 1882, N.A.Rimsky-Korsakov staged an opera of the same name based on the play, which was a huge success.

N.K. Roerich. Sketch of the Snow Maiden costume. Around 1921

The image of the Snow Maiden was further developed in the works of teachers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, who prepared scripts for children's New Year trees. Even before the revolution, the figures of the Snow Maiden were hung on the Christmas tree, the girls dressed up in the costumes of the Snow Maiden, and fragments from fairy tales, Ostrovsky's play or the opera were staged.

Nicholas Roerich. Snow Maiden and Lel, 1921.

Kim Svetlana.

Nesterov Vladimir.

In the postwar period, Snegurochka is almost an obligatory companion of Santa Claus in all festive celebrations, congratulations, etc. On New Year's Eve, students of theatrical universities and actresses often worked as Snow Maidens. In amateur performances, older girls, girls and women, more often fair-haired, were chosen for the role of Snow Maidens.

Shabalin Alexey.

Zubkova Tamara Ivanovna.

Snow Maiden. Fedoskino, 1998.

Ruth Sanderson.

Boris Zvorykin. Snegurochka.

Boris Zvorykin. Snegurochka At The Court of Tsar Berendei.

Boris Zvorykin. Snegurochka & Lel The Shepherd Boy.

And some more postcards or illustrations ...
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The residence of our Father Frost, as everyone knows, is located in the Vologda region, in Veliky Ustyug. The Snow Maiden does not live with him. Where is it? Two places apply for the title of "patrimonial nest" of the daughter of Frost and Spring. On the Shchelykovo estate in the Kostroma region, Ostrovsky invented his own play based on an old fairy tale - this, it seems, is the birthplace of the Snow Maiden. But on the other hand, in the village of Abramtsevo near Moscow, Viktor Vasnetsov gave birth to the image of an ice beauty. Here the artist created the scenery for the first theatrical performance based on Ostrovsky's play and, again in Abramtsevo, on the stage of Savva Mamontov's home theater, Rimsky-Korsakov's opera was performed for the first time.

Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich (1856-1910) is a legend of Russian painting. Not just a bright name, a great genius, an odious personality, but a phenomenon surrounded by a huge number of myths and mystical phenomena. Snow Maiden Vasnetsov Vrubel Roerich

A large number of images of the actress, as well as the part-time wife of Mikhail Alexandrovich Nadezhda Ivanovna Zabela, were saved. She also acted in the role of his Muse, the Sea Princess, as well as Spring. The most colorful among the artist's images is the painting The Snow Maiden, painted in 1895 (Fig. 2). Vrubel vividly captured the girl's loose curls and the image of the face that he liked. A girl against the background of a snow-white forest, with eyes in a kind of slumber and with a slightly languid smile. Spruce branches covered with snow covered shadows with a bluish tint. The Snow Maiden is not afraid of cold and frost, because she is the mistress in this fairy forest, a little sorceress with amazing eyes. Here the Snow Maiden is presented to us as the personification of confidence and a certain relaxedness. She is in a static position, which makes her pay attention to her appearance and consider details. And yet before us is a modest young Russian beauty with large, full of purity eyes.

The image of the Snow Maiden by N. Roerich

Nikolamy Konstantimnovich Remrich (1874-1947) Russian artist, set designer, philosopher-mystic, writer, traveler, archaeologist, public figure. He repeatedly created design sketches for the famous play by NA Ostrovsky "The Snow Maiden". Three times N. Roerich turned to the design of The Snow Maiden for the opera and dramatic scenes. The performances were performed in theaters in St. Petersburg, London and Chicago. Below we will look at a few examples of these designs.

The painting "The Snow Maiden and Lel" was created by Nicholas Roerich in 1921 (Fig. 3). Looking at this picture, we immediately notice that winter and fierce cold give way to blooming spring. This is the time when people's hearts open towards the sun - the giver of life, when hearts are illuminated with love and awareness of the beauty of being. And this wonderful transformation sounds like a hymn and fills the entire living space of the Earth with the rhythm of creative creation.

There are no flowers and lush greenery in the painting by N.K. Roerich. Nature is still asleep, barely throwing off the shackles of winter cold. But the song of the sunny morning already sounds in anticipation of the first rays of the sun, which will fill everything around with the light and joy of a new day. This song sounds like Lel's horn, inspired by the inexhaustible source of love - the heart of the Snow Maiden. Her figure, face, hand gesture tell us about this - everything is expressively depicted by the artist. This wonderful image of the Snow Maiden was always inspiring for N.K. Roerich himself. His best works are filled with love and beauty. You can also pay attention to the fact that the clothes in which the heroes of the picture are decorated with ornaments and lines characteristic of the clothes of Russia.

In 1920, already in America, Nikolai Konstantinovich was asked to design The Snow Maiden for the Chicago Opera Company. However, if the previous stage versions of 1908 and 1912. carried viewers into the fairy-tale world of pagan Rus, then the works of 1921 were distinguished by a completely new, unexpected approach and a different characterization of the characters. He himself writes that "the great plain of Russia after prehistoric eras was the arena for the processions of all migrating peoples, a myriad of tribes and clans passed here." Nicholas Roerich sees Russia as a wonderful land where the assets of different peoples collide - and from these collisions a great and beautiful tree of Russian culture is born. It was on this that he decided to focus (Fig. 4, Fig. 5).

In the theatrical works of 1921, there was no longer pre-Christian Russia. All elements of influences on Russia are mixed here: the influence of Byzantium is expressed in the image of Tsar Berendey and his court life, the influence of the East is in the image of the merchant guest Mizgir and Spring arriving from southern countries, the influence of Asia expresses the image of the legendary shepherd Lel, who is so close to the appearance of Hindu Krishna , the influence of the North is the image of Frost, Snow Maiden, wood goblin (Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8).