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In the literature, very often images appear extremely negative. At a time when the opinion is mainly expressed about the duality of the human soul and nature and the presence of both positive and negative sides of the personality, the masters of the artistic word now and then deliberately endow their characters with only bad character traits, excluding even the slightest manifestations of the positive influence of the hero's activity.

In the play "The Thunderstorm" by Ostrovsky, one of these characters is Kabanikha.

Characteristics of the personality of Kabanikha

The heroine's full name is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova, but in the text she is most often called Kabanikha. Marfa Ignatievna is on friendly terms with Dikim, he is also her godfather. It should be noted that such a friendship is not surprising, because both characters are very similar in character.

Dear Readers! On our site you can get acquainted with the characteristics of the city of Kalinov in Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm".

The boar is a wealthy merchant's wife. Her position in society implied a tolerant attitude towards others, but in fact, her habits were not at all noble. The boar has a firm and unshakable character. She is a cruel and rude woman.

Marfa Ignatievna is too conservative, she is "stuck" in the past and lives by principles and foundations long gone, not realizing that changes have taken place in the world and it is no longer possible to live in the old way. She believes that the wisdom of a person is determined by his age - young people a priori cannot be smart, this is only the prerogative of old people: “Don't judge yourself when you are older! They know more than you do.

Kabanikha is sure that children must bow at the feet of their parents, and the husband must always "order" his wife. Marfa Ignatievna is very upset when these norms of behavior are not observed and thinks that this is the problem of the bad manners of the younger generation: “They know nothing, no order.”

Kabanikha is used to playing for the audience - she tries in the eyes of society to be a virtuous and noble woman, although in reality she is not. Marfa Ignatievna often gives alms to the poor, but she does it not at the behest of her heart, but in order for everyone to think that she is a kind and generous woman.

Kabanikha is a very pious woman, but, apparently, her religiosity is also feigned, since in spite of everything, Kabanikha does not adhere to the laws of God and often neglects the basic rules of behavior in relation to other people.

Family and attitude towards relatives

The complexity of character is manifested in full force in relation to his relatives. There are three people in her family - a son, a daughter and a daughter-in-law. With all of them, Kabanikha developed extremely contradictory relations.

All difficulties and conflicts in the family are associated with the authoritarian nature of the mother, her conservatism and a special love for scandals.

We invite thoughtful readers to familiarize themselves with the characterization of Katerina in Ostrovsky's play “The Thunderstorm”.

The son of Kabanikha - Tikhon - is already an adult at the time of the story, he could be completely independent, but his mother does not give him the opportunity to do this. The woman takes care of her son all the time and tries to control his every step, referring not to Tikhon's incompetence. As a result

Kabanikha began not only to give advice to her son, but literally to live in his place: “she eats while she eats, does not give a pass.

Marfa Ignatievna constantly interferes in the relationship between her son and daughter-in-law and sometimes orders her son's wife to be beaten, for this is the order: “But I love her, I'm sorry to touch her with my finger. He beat me a little, and even then my mother ordered. "

Tikhon, despite his age and beliefs that such rude actions in relation to his wife are not needed, nevertheless unquestioningly fulfills the mother's will.

Kabanikha's young daughter-in-law Katerina does not have the best attitude - she is always unhappy with her and will always find something to reproach the young girl with. The reason for this attitude lies not in Katerina's dishonest attitude to Kabanikha or not in Katerina's failure to fulfill her duties, but in Kabanikha's habit of commanding everyone and jealousy that arose in relation to her daughter-in-law.

Kabanikha cannot accept the adulthood of her son, she is offended that Tikhon prefers his wife, not his mother.

Kabanikha's daughter Varvara is not so straightforward, she has long understood that she will never be able to defend her position: her mother, who was essentially a domestic tyrant, simply could not stand anything like this and did not allow any liberties. From this situation, the girl found only one way out - to deceive her mother. Varvara always said what Marfa Ignatievna wanted to hear, but she acted as she wanted: “Our whole house is based on that. And I was not a deceiver, but I learned when I needed to. "

Such actions within the family on the part of Kabanikha become the cause of many tragedies. Her daughter Varvara runs away from home, never to appear here - for the girl, the escape became the only salvation from her mother's domestic tyranny. Tikhon and Katerina, who did not even think about how it was possible to change their situation, but only took a wait-and-see attitude and silently endured insults and humiliation from their mother, could not succeed.

Katerina, having cheated on her husband in order to feel happy, under the pressure of morality and shame, confesses her act, and then, but already under the pressure of Kabanikha's humiliation, ends her life by suicide. Only after the death of Katerina Tikhon found the strength to verbally rebuff his mother and reproach her for wrongful actions towards her loved ones: “You ruined her! You! You!". However, due to the soft nature of Tikhon, he is unlikely to be able to defend his position to the end.

Attitude of others to Kabanikha

Despite all the efforts to convince others that she is a kind and good woman, Marfa Ignatievna did not succeed. The truth about her quarrelsome nature and love of tyranny still leaked out and people around him periodically gossip about it.

The main incriminating array of information about the character of Kabanikha falls on the statements of Kuligin and Kudryash. Kudryash denounces the duality of her behavior. Marfa Ignatievna lives "to show people" and "as it really is." According to Kudryash, in Kabanikha everything happens "under the guise of piety."

Kuligin develops the same theme in his stories: “Prude, sir! She clothe the beggars, but she ate the household completely. "

Thus, thanks to the literary hoax, the reader has the opportunity to see an unusual image consisting exclusively of negative character traits. Kabanikha tries with her cardinal actions to preserve the old system, which is rapidly collapsing, she cannot achieve a positive result with such methods, but at the same time Marfa Ignatievna destroys the fate of her children, which looks extremely sad.

Slide 1

Slide 2

In 1845 Ostrovsky worked in
Moscow Commercial Court
clerical officer.
The whole world opened up before him
dramatic conflicts. So
the talent of the future master was brought up
speech characteristics of characters in their
plays.
Ostrovsky in the drama "Thunderstorm" is very clear
shows all the global difference between
old patriarchal views and
new. All important features are clearly visible
characters of heroes, their reactions to
developing events. Consider
speech characteristics of Kabanikha.

Slide 3

Kabanikha is a man of old
morality. She watches everywhere
house building rules. In all
she sees a new threat
the established course of things, she
condemns young people for
she has no "due
respect ". Kabanova is scary
not loyalty to antiquity, but
tyranny "under the guise
piety ".

Kabanova.

“It's funny to look at them ...
know nothing, no
order. Say goodbye in some way
do not know how ... What will happen, how
old people will die as it will
i don't know to stand the light. "

Slide 4

The boar makes everyone at home
dance to your tune. She makes
Tikhon say goodbye to
his wife, causing laughter and feeling
regrets from others. The whole family
lives in fear of her. Tikhon,
completely overwhelmed by the domineering
mother, lives by desire alone
- break out somewhere and take a walk.

“I seem to be mama, out of your will
not a step. "
“As soon as he drives out, he will drink. He is now
listens, and he thinks how he would
get out as soon as possible. "

Slide 5

Kuligin calls her "prude" and
says she is “beggars
closes, and ate at home
absolutely ”. This characterizes
the merchant's wife from the bad side.
Kabanikha in her speech
trying to pretend to be kind and
affectionate, although sometimes it is
speech reveals
negative features of her
character, such as passion for
money.

Katerina.

“Full, full, don't swear! Sin!
I've seen for a long time that your wife
dearer than mother. Since
got married, I can see from you
i don't see love. "

Slide 6

Tikhon's sister, Varvara,
also experiences
all the hardships of the family
setting. However, in
unlike Tikhon, she
has a harder
character, and do not have enough
insolence, even secretly, not
obey the mother.
“Found a place of instruction
to read."

“And I was not a liar, yes
learned when needed
became. "

Slide 7

The boar is very pious and
religious. But before
we reveal
scary and despotic
the essence of the Kabanikha. It
managed to subdue
everyone, keeps everything under
control, she even
trying to manage
relationships
people, which leads
Katerina to death.
The boar is cunning and smart, in
unlike the Wild, and this
makes it more
terrible.

Slide 8

Kabanikha has no doubts about moral correctness
relations of patriarchal life, but also confidence in their
there is no inviolability either. On the contrary, she feels
almost the last guardian of this
Of the "correct" world order, and the expectation that its
death will bring chaos, giving tragedy to her figure.

According to I. A. Goncharov, A. N. Ostrovsky "brought a whole library of works of art to literature, created his own special world for the stage." The world of Ostrovsky's works is amazing. He created characters large and solid, knew how to emphasize comic or dramatic properties in them, draw the reader's attention to the merits or vices of his heroes.

The heroes of the play "Gro-za" deserve special attention - Savel Prokofievich Dikoy and Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova.

Savel Prokofievich Dikoy is a merchant, a significant person in the city of Kalinov. The heroes of the play give him eloquent characteristics. “He belongs everywhere. He's afraid that he is who! " - says Kudryash about him. Dikoy, in fact, does not recognize anything except his own will. He does not care about the thoughts and feelings of other people. Cursing, humiliating, insulting Savel Prokofievich costs nothing. With those around him, he behaves as if he “broke loose”, and without this he “cannot breathe”. "... You are a worm," he says to Kuligi-well. - I want - have mercy, if I want - I will crush.

The power of the Wild is the stronger, the weaker, the more weak-willed a person is. So Kudryash, for example, knows how to resist the Wild. “... He is the word, and I am ten; spit, and go. No, I will not become a slave to him, ”says Kudryash about his relationship with the merchant. Another person is the Dikiy's nephew, Boris. “Boris Grigorich got it as a sacrifice, so he rides on it,” others note. Dikogo is not embarrassed by the fact that Boris is an orphan and that he has no one closer to his uncle. The merchant realizes that the fate of his nephew is in his hands, and takes advantage of it. "Hunted down, hammered ..." - Boris says bitterly. The merchant is no less cruel to his workers: “No one here dares to utter a word about the sting, he will scold at whatever is worth it”. On someone else's slave labor and deceit, the shameless Dikoy makes his fortune: "... I will not pay them for some kopeck ... and I make thousands of this ...". Anyway, sometimes he finds insight into Dikiy, and he realizes that he is going too far: “After all, I already know that I must give it back, but I can't do everything good.”

Dikoy is a despot and a tyrant in his family, “his own people cannot please him in any way”, “when he is offended by such a person whom he does not dare to curse; hold on to your pets! "

Not inferior to the Wild and Kabanikha, the rich Kalinovskaya merchant's wife. The boar is a prude, she does everything "under the guise of piety." Outwardly, she is very devout. However, as Kuligin notes, Kabanikha "clothe the beggars, but ate the household altogether." The main object of her tyranny is her own son Tikhon. As an adult, married man, he is completely in the power of his mother, does not have his own opinion, is afraid to contradict her. Kabanikha "builds" his relationship with his wife, she guides his every act, every word. Complete obedience is all she wants to see in her son. The power-hungry Kabanikha does not notice that under her oppression a cowardly, pitiful, weak-willed, irresponsible person has grown up. Having escaped for some time from under the supervision of his mother, he chokes on freedom and drinks, because he does not know how to use freedom otherwise. "... Not a step out of your will," he repeats to his mother, and "he himself thinks how he could get out as soon as possible."

Kabanikha is jealous of his son's daughter-in-law, constantly reproaches him with Katerina, “he eats at his meals”. “I can see that I am a hindrance to you,” she says to Tikhon. Kabanikha believes that the husband's wife should be afraid, precisely afraid, and not love or respect. In her opinion, the right relationship is built precisely on the suppression of one person by another, on humiliation, on lack of freedom. An indicator in this respect is the scene of Katerina's farewell to her husband, when all Tikhon's words to his wife are just a repetition of Kabanikha's instigations.

If Tikhon, crushed by her, suffers from Kabanikha from childhood, then the life of such a dreamy, poetic and integral nature, like Katerina, in the house of a merchant's wife, and everything becomes unbearable. “It's all the same what you got for a husband here, what you buried,” says Boris.

Constant pressure makes the daughter of Kabanikha, Varvara, adapt. “Do what you want, as long as it is sewn and covered,” she says.

Assessing the images of the "masters of life", N. Dobro-lyubov shows Dikiy and Kabanikha as tyrants, with their "constant suspicion, nagging and captiousness." According to the critic, "Gro-za" is the most decisive work of Ostrovsky "in this play," the mutual relations of tyranny and speechlessness have been brought ... to the most tragic consequences ... ".

The boar is very rich. This can be judged because her commercial affairs go beyond Kalinov (on her behalf, Tikhon traveled to Moscow), that Dikoy respects her. But Kabanikha's affairs are of little interest to the playwright: in the play she is assigned a different role. If Dick shows the brute force of tyranny, then Kabanikha is the spokesman for the ideas and principles of the "dark kingdom". She understands that some money does not give the authorities yet, another indispensable condition is the obedience of those who have no money. And she sees her main concern in preventing any possibility of disobedience. She "eats" her household in order to kill their will, any ability to resist. With Jesuitical sophistication, she drains their souls out of them, insults their human dignity with unsubstantiated suspicions. She skillfully uses various techniques to assert her will.

Kabanikha knows how to speak well-meaningly and instructively (“I know, I know that my words are not to your liking, but what can I do, I’m not a stranger to you, my heart hurts about you”), and hypocritically pity (“Mother is old , stupid; well, you, young people, smart, should not exact from us, fools "), and command powerfully (" Look, remember! Cut yourself down on your nose! "," Bow down at your feet! "). Kabanikha tries to show her religiosity. Words: “Oh, grave sin! How long will it take to sin! "," Only one sin! " - constantly accompany her speech. She supports superstition and prejudice, strictly observes ancient customs. It is not known whether Kabanikha believes in Feklusha's ridiculous tales and the omens of the townspeople, she herself does not say anything like that. But it resolutely suppresses all manifestations of free-thinking. She condemns Kuligin's statements against prejudices and superstitions, and she supports the superstitious prophecies of the townspeople that “this storm will not pass in vain” and edifyingly tells her son: “Do not judge yourself when you are older! They know more than you do. Old people have all the signs. The old man will not say a word to the wind. " Both in religion and in ancient customs, she sees the main goal: to push a person, to keep him in eternal fear. She understands that only fear can keep people in subjection, prolong the shaken domination of tyrants. In response to Tikhon's words, why should his wife be afraid of him, Kabanova exclaims in horror: “How, why be afraid! How, why be afraid! Are you crazy, or what? They will not be afraid of you, and even less so. What kind of order will it be in the house? After all, you, tea, live in law with her. Ali, do you think the law means nothing? " She defends the law according to which the weak should fear the strong, according to which a person should not have his own will. As the faithful guardian of this order, she teaches her household in full view of the crowd of townspeople. After Katerina's confession, she loudly, triumphantly says to Tikhon: “What, son! Where will the will lead! I said that you didn't want to listen. So I waited! "

The rich merchant woman Kabanova Marfa Ignatievna is one of the main pillars of the "dark kingdom". This is a domineering, cruel, superstitious woman who treats with deep distrust and even contempt for everything new. In the progressive phenomena of her time, she sees only evil, therefore Kabanikha with such jealousy protects her little world from their invasion. Because of what her children, despite many good traits, still grew up morally crippled people who do not have enough strength to openly confront the world of cruelty, inertia and despotism. Kabanova simply not realizing that Varvara and Tikhon are already adults with their own thoughts and feelings, continues to treat them as property. She considers herself, perhaps, a little strict, but loving and just parent: "After all, it is because of love that parents are strict with you, because of love they scold you, everyone thinks to teach good."

The gradual destruction of the patriarchal way of life, which is already felt even in provincial cities like Kalinov, instills fear in her. As an intelligent person, she understands that times are changing and already the younger generation is increasingly resisting the old order. But she is not ready to accept these changes, and together with fear, her heart is filled with even more anger. Especially Katerina gets it. "Bow down at your feet!" - Kabanikha orders Katerina, who says goodbye to her husband. And when Katerina died, she only grumbled: “She hasn't done much to us shame. Enough, it's a sin to cry about her. "