Verbalization of emotional state. Verbalize your feelings. Avoiding mistakes. Examples D. D

Techniques for verbalizing emotions and feelings

Larisa Grigorievna Titova, Candidate of Philosophy, Professor of the All-Russian Correspondence Institute of Finance and Economics.

By exchanging communication signals, business partners convey information about their internal mental states: emotions, feelings, experiences. Emotions and feelings serve as the most important regulators of their interpersonal communication. At the same time, the emotional stress of business partners, their agitation, impulsiveness, nervousness, impatience can distort the semantic field of information, creating a kind of “emotional noise”, and therefore there is a need to optimize the emotional background of interpersonal communication of business partners. This is achieved using techniques for regulating emotional stress. Therefore, an important link in the technological chain of information and communication technologies is the verbalization of emotions and feelings.

Techniques for verbalizing emotions and feelings include:

direct verbalization of the partner’s own emotional states;

indirect (mediated) verbalization of the partner’s emotions and feelings;

metaphorical verbalization of the partner’s emotional states;

verbalization of commonality with a partner;

verbalization of the partner's importance.

The technique of direct verbalization of emotions and feelings consists of directly informing the partner about one’s own emotional state (“I’m excited...”, “I’m worried...”, “I’m worried...”, “I’m happy...”) or verbalizing the emotions and feelings experienced by the partner (“You worries...", "Worries you...", "Surprises you..."). Direct verbalization makes it possible to somewhat reduce the tense psycho-emotional background of interpersonal communication between business partners.

Indirect verbalization is most often implemented in formulations such as: “I understand that this is bothering you,” “I feel that you are upset about something.” The use of positive statements when verbalizing negative emotions helps to reduce the emotional tension of interpersonal communication between partners.

Metaphorical verbalization is more acceptable for localizing the ambivalent, contradictory, emotional states of business partners, which are associated with their dual attitude towards each other, with the simultaneous acceptance and rejection of any properties of each other. For example, a partner’s impatience in interpersonal communication may be associated with an anxious expectation of a violent emotional reaction to his business proposal or with a premonition of a quick resolution of a business problem. Metaphorical verbalization, using analogies, similarities, comparisons that reduce mental stress, contributes to a positive correction of the uncomfortable emotional state of a business person. partner.

Techniques for verbalizing commonality with a partner. Regulation of emotional tension in interpersonal communication of business partners can also be carried out using techniques for verbalizing commonality with a partner. Emphasizing commonality with a partner must be relevant (appropriate), relating to the business, professional or personal, personified zone of the partner. If emphasizing commonality with a partner is associated with highlighting personality traits, then these traits should be perceived as his advantages. An example of verbalization of commonality with a partner can be the statement: “You and I, how creative people, are characterized by ingenuity and the search for non-standard solutions to a business problem.”

Techniques for verbalizing the importance of a partner. You can also optimize the emotional state of a business partner using techniques for verbalizing his significance in solving a business problem. Since the “emotional language” of business partners in interpersonal communication is often incongruent, in order to receive truthful feedback, it is important to emphasize the value of the partner’s contribution to finding the optimal solution to the business problem. This emphasis on the importance of the partner helps to soften the tense emotional background of business communication. A necessary condition for verbalizing the significance of a partner is the emotional connotation of the wording of the statement, its persuasiveness and sincerity. An example of verbalization of the importance of a partner can be the formulation: “Your ability to quickly find solutions in complex economic situations is admirable."

Active Listening Techniques

Active listening techniques also help to achieve mutual understanding with a partner in business communication. The main components of these techniques are three stages of rational verbalization of the partner’s statements: A, B, C (development of these stages and their practical use was first carried out by Carl Rogers, the founder of the humanistic movement in psychology.

Verbalization at stage A includes repeating what the partner said, quoting his individual phrases. This verbalization makes it possible to highlight the partner in the statement. main idea and “return” it to the partner in the most acceptable, gentle form. For example, partner-communicator: “I believe that commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company”; recipient partner: “You believe that achieving commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company!”

Verbalization at stage B. If quoting a partner is undesirable or irrelevant to the “semantic field” of the dialogue, then it is necessary to move to the second stage of verbalization - stage B. It consists of paraphrasing - verbalizing the partner’s statement through a different wording. When paraphrasing, it is important to observe two conditions: the paraphrase must be concise and relevant, corresponding to the main semantic content of the partner’s statement. The key phrases to start paraphrasing could be: “If I understand you correctly, then...”, “In other words, you think that...”

In Russian business culture, characterized by high contextuality and multi-activity, focused more on maintaining good personal relationships with a partner than on the final result, the use of stage B has become most widespread.

Verbalization at stage B. The most produced level of verbalization in Russian business culture is stage B. It consists of interpretation - the formulation of a statement in which there is an assumption about the true meaning of the partner’s verbalized judgment or the reasons for its use in a business conversation. In K. Rogers’ techniques, interpretations are used extremely rarely, because, in his opinion, they may be inaccurate, distorting the semantic field of the partner’s statement or depriving the partner of his protective mask. “Meeting yourself” in the presence of others is not always pleasant. However, in the Russian business culture of interpersonal communication, the use of stage B is more common and acceptable.

Questioning techniques

In this case, questioning techniques become important. They play a big role in identifying the semantic field of information received from a partner. The algorithm of these techniques includes the formulation of open, closed and alternative questions.

Techniques for asking open questions involve a detailed response from a business partner and obtaining additional information from him. It is recommended to begin the formulation of these questions with the words: “What?”, “How?”, “In what way?”, “Why?”, “Under what conditions?” (for example: “Under what conditions do you want to achieve a change in the current situation?”).

The question "Why?" in business communication it can mobilize the partner’s defensive reactions and cause his irritation. Therefore, it is recommended to resort to its setting as rarely as possible.

Open ones also include:

information questions asked to obtain information about any objects included in a business situation;

introductory questions that involve identifying a partner’s opinion on a specific issue;

mirror questions repeating those words of the partner that emphasize the semantic connotation of the statement.

All of these types of questions expand the information framework of business communication and create favorable opportunities for maintaining a continuous dialogue with a partner.

When using techniques for asking open questions, it is necessary to use formulations that are acceptable to the partner and do not cause mental rejection in him. Therefore, questions containing hidden accusations, reproaches, and speculation should be excluded from business communications.

Techniques for asking closed questions require an unambiguous answer from the business partner. Essentially, closed questions involve clear “yes” or “no” answers. In addition, they may also include short answers that indicate the date or name of an event, or the quantitative parameters of an object included in a business situation. But since closed questions do not contribute to business communication, it is advisable to limit their use.

Techniques for verbalizing emotions and feelings Larisa Grigorievna Titova, Candidate of Philosophy, Professor of the All-Russian Correspondence Institute of Finance and Economics. By exchanging communication signals, business partners convey information about their internal mental states: emotions, feelings, experiences. Emotions and feelings serve as the most important regulators of their interpersonal communication. At the same time, the emotional tension of business partners, their agitation, impulsiveness, nervousness, impatience can distort the semantic field of information, creating a kind of “emotional noise”, and therefore there is a need to optimize the emotional background of interpersonal communications of business partners.

This is achieved using techniques for regulating emotional stress. Therefore, an important link in the technological chain of information and communication technologies is the verbalization of emotions and feelings. Techniques for verbalizing emotions and feelings include: direct verbalization of the partner’s own emotional states; indirect (mediated) verbalization of the partner’s emotions and feelings; metaphorical verbalization of the partner’s emotional states; verbalization of commonality with a partner; verbalization of the partner's importance.

The technique of direct verbalization of emotions and feelings consists of directly informing the partner about one’s own emotional state (“I’m excited,” “I’m worried,” “I’m worried,” “I’m happy”) or verbalizing the emotions and feelings experienced by the partner (“You’re worried,” “ "Disturbs you", "Surprises you"). Direct verbalization makes it possible to somewhat reduce the tense psycho-emotional background of interpersonal communication between business partners.

Indirect (mediated) verbalization of emotions is more effective for localizing a partner’s negative emotions when their direct verbalization is not only inappropriate, but also unacceptable (for example, in complex conflict situations, when direct (immediate) verbalization of a partner’s negative emotional state only provokes its intensification). Indirect verbalization is most often implemented in formulations such as: “I understand that this is bothering you,” “I feel that you are upset about something.” The use of positive statements when verbalizing negative emotions helps to reduce the emotional tension of interpersonal communication between partners.

For example, a partner’s impatience in interpersonal communication may be associated with an anxious expectation of a violent emotional reaction to his business proposal or with a premonition of a quick resolution of a business problem. Metaphorical verbalization, using analogies, similarities, comparisons that reduce mental stress, contributes to a positive correction of the uncomfortable emotional state of a business person. partner. Techniques for verbalizing commonality with a partner.

Regulation of emotional tension in the interpersonal communication of business partners can also be carried out using techniques of verbalization of commonality with a partner. Emphasizing commonality with a partner should be relevant (appropriate), relating to the business, professional or personal, personalized zone of the partner. If emphasizing commonality with a partner is associated with highlighting personality traits, then these traits should be perceived as his advantages. An example of verbalization of commonality with a partner is the statement: “You and I, as creative people, are characterized by ingenuity and the search for non-standard solutions to a business problem.” Techniques for verbalizing the importance of a partner.

You can also optimize the emotional state of a business partner using techniques for verbalizing his significance in solving a business problem. Since the “emotional language” of business partners in interpersonal communication is often incongruent, in order to receive truthful feedback, it is important to emphasize the value of the partner’s contribution to finding the optimal solution to the business problem.

This emphasis on the importance of the partner helps to soften the tense emotional background of business communication. A necessary condition for verbalizing the significance of a partner is the emotional connotation of the wording of the statement, its persuasiveness and sincerity. An example of verbalizing the significance of a partner is the wording: “Your ability to quickly find solutions in difficult economic situations is admirable.” Active listening techniques Active listening techniques also help to achieve mutual understanding with a partner in business communication.

The main components of these techniques are three stages of rational verbalization of the partner’s statements: A, B, C (the development of these stages and their practical application was first carried out by Carl Rogers, the founder of the humanistic trend in psychology. Verbalization at stage A includes repeating what the partner said with quoting his individual phrases Such verbalization allows you to highlight the main idea in the partner’s statement and “return” it to the partner in the most acceptable, soft form.

For example, partner-communicator: “I believe that commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company”; recipient partner: “You believe that achieving commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company!” Verbalization at stage B. If quoting a partner is undesirable or irrelevant to the “semantic field” of the dialogue, then it is necessary to move on to the second stage of verbalization - stage B. It consists of paraphrasing - verbalizing the partner’s statement through a different wording.

When paraphrasing, it is important to observe two conditions: the paraphrase must be concise and relevant, corresponding to the main semantic content of the partner’s statement. Key phrases for the beginning of paraphrasing may be the following: “If I understand you correctly, then”, “In other words, you believe that” In Russian business culture, characterized by high contextuality and multi-activity, focused more on maintaining good personal relationships with a partner than on The end result is that the use of stage B has become most widespread.

Techniques for asking questions Techniques for asking questions become important.

They play a big role in identifying the semantic field of information received from a partner. The algorithm of these techniques includes the formulation of open, closed and alternative questions. Techniques for asking open questions involve a detailed response from a business partner and obtaining additional information from him.

It is recommended to begin the formulation of these questions with the words: “What?”, “How?”, “In what way?”, “Why?”, “Under what conditions?” (for example: “Under what conditions do you want to achieve a change in the current situation?”). The question "Why?" in business communication it can mobilize the partner’s defensive reactions and cause his irritation. Therefore, it is recommended to use it as rarely as possible. Open questions also include: information questions asked in order to obtain information about any objects included in a business situation; introductory questions that involve identifying a partner’s opinion on a specific issue; mirror questions repeating those words of the partner that emphasize the semantic connotation of the statement.

All of these types of questions expand the information framework of business communication and create favorable opportunities for maintaining a continuous dialogue with a partner. When using techniques for asking open questions, it is necessary to use formulations that are acceptable to the partner and do not cause mental rejection in him.

Therefore, questions containing hidden accusations, reproaches, or speculations should be excluded from business communications. Techniques for asking closed questions require an unambiguous answer from the business partner. Essentially, closed questions involve clear “yes” or “no” answers. In addition, they may also involve short answers that indicate the date or name of an event, or the quantitative parameters of an object included in a business situation.

But since closed questions do not contribute to business communication, it is advisable to limit their use. References To prepare this work, materials from the site http://www.elitarium were used. ru/.

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Techniques for verbalizing emotions and feelings include:

direct verbalization of the partner’s own emotional states;

indirect (mediated) verbalization of the partner’s emotions and feelings;

metaphorical verbalization of the partner’s emotional states;

verbalization of commonality with a partner;

verbalization of the partner's importance.

Direct verbalization technique emotions and feelings consists of directly informing the partner about one’s own emotional state (“I’m excited...”, “I’m worried...”, “I’m worried...”, “I’m happy...”) or verbalizing the emotions and feelings experienced by the partner (“You’re worried...” , “Are you worried...”, “Are you surprised...”). Direct verbalization makes it possible to somewhat reduce the tense psycho-emotional background of interpersonal communication between business partners.

Indirect (mediated) verbalization emotions is more effective for localizing a partner’s negative emotions when their direct verbalization is not only inappropriate, but also unacceptable (for example, in complex conflict situations, when direct (immediate) verbalization of a partner’s negative emotional state only provokes its intensification).

Metaphorical verbalization more acceptable for localizing ambivalent, contradictory, emotional states of business partners, which are associated with their dual attitude towards each other, with simultaneous acceptance and rejection of any properties of each other. For example, a partner's impatience in interpersonal communication may be associated with an anxious expectation of a strong emotional reaction to his business proposal or with a premonition of a quick resolution of a business problem. Metaphorical verbalization, using analogies, similarities, comparisons that reduce mental stress, contributes to a positive correction of the uncomfortable emotional state of a business partner.

Techniques for verbalizing commonality with a partner. The regulation of emotional tension in the interpersonal communication of business partners can also be carried out using techniques for verbalizing commonality with a partner. Emphasizing the commonality with the partner must be relevant (appropriate), relating to the business, professional or personal, personalized zone of the partner. If emphasizing commonality with a partner is associated with highlighting personality traits, then these traits should be perceived as his advantages. An example of verbalization of commonality with a partner is the statement: “You and I, as creative people, are characterized by ingenuity and the search for non-standard solutions to a business problem.”

Techniques for verbalizing the importance of a partner. You can also optimize the emotional state of a business partner using techniques for verbalizing its significance in solving a business problem. Since the “emotional language” of business partners in interpersonal communication is often incongruent, in order to obtain truthful feedback, it is important to emphasize the value of the partner’s contribution to finding the optimal solution to a business problem. This emphasis on the importance of the partner helps to soften the tense emotional background of business communication. A necessary condition for verbalizing the significance of a partner is the emotional connotation of the wording of the statement, its persuasiveness and sincerity. An example of verbalizing the importance of a partner can be the formulation: “Your ability to quickly find solutions in difficult economic situations is admirable.”

Active Listening Techniques

Active listening techniques also help to achieve mutual understanding with a partner in business communication. The main components of these techniques are three stages of rational verbalization of a partner’s statements: A, B, C (the development of these stages and their practical application was first carried out by Carl Rogers, the founder of the humanistic trend in psychology.

Verbalization at stage A includes repeating what the partner said, quoting his individual phrases. Such verbalization allows you to highlight the main idea in the partner’s statement and “return” it to the partner in the most acceptable, soft form. For example, partner-communicator: “I believe that commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company”; recipient partner: “You believe that achieving commercial success is impossible without creating an attractive image of the company!”

Verbalization at stage B. If quoting a partner is undesirable or irrelevant to the “semantic field” of the dialogue, then it is necessary to move on to the second stage of verbalization - stage B. It consists of paraphrasing - verbalizing the partner’s statement through a different formulation. When paraphrasing, it is important to observe two conditions: the paraphrase must be concise and relevant, corresponding to the main semantic content of the partner’s statement. The key phrases to start paraphrasing could be: “If I understand you correctly, then...”, “In other words, you think that...”

Verbalization at stage B. The most produced level of verbalization in Russian business culture is stage B. It consists of interpretation - the formulation of a statement in which there is an assumption about the true meaning of the partner’s verbalized judgment or the reasons for its use in a business conversation. In K. Rogers’ techniques, interpretations are used extremely rarely, since, in his opinion, they can be inaccurate, distorting the semantic field of the partner’s statement or depriving the partner of his protective mask. “Meeting yourself” in the presence of others is not always pleasant. However, in the Russian business culture of interpersonal communication, the use of stage B is more common and acceptable.

Questioning techniques

Open questioning techniques involve expanded response from the business partner and obtaining additional information from him. It is recommended to begin the formulation of these questions with the words: “What?”, “How?”, “In what way?”, “Why?”, “Under what conditions?” (for example: “Under what conditions do you want to achieve a change in the current situation?”).

TO open also include:

information questions asked to obtain information about any objects included in a business situation;

introductory questions that involve identifying a partner’s opinion on a specific issue;

mirror questions repeating those words of the partner that emphasize the semantic connotation of the statement.

All of these types of questions expand the information framework of business communication and create favorable opportunities for maintaining a continuous dialogue with a partner.

Staging techniques closed +1 -1

Language of emotions

The need for acquired learned ways of expressing feelings is associated with the social nature of man. Everything that concerns relationships between people, as a rule, presupposes clear norms that are mandatory for all members of a given culture. This creates the possibility of intentional expression of emotions, as well as control over this expression. As a result, expressive movements acquire the character of a specific “language”, with the help of which people reveal their positions and relationships to each other and report their experiences.

Most people master the language of emotions without much difficulty. Our judgments about the emotional state of other people are usually based not only on observations of their facial expressions, but also on gestures and voice, and on the situation in which the person is located. And yet, not everyone achieves satisfactory results. Understanding the language of emotions requires the ability and willingness to analyze specific language surrounding people and learn it.

The reasons why not every person wants and can carry out such an analysis are different. Some are overly focused on their own personality and therefore are unable to notice and correctly assess the condition of other people. For some, inattention to others is associated with a sense of self-superiority. There are people who do not understand the expression of emotions in others, because for one reason or another it is beneficial for them.

communicating to your partner about your feelings and experiences in the form of verbal messages.

The ways of expressing emotions and the degree of their adequacy to the experienced state become an independent problem of interpersonal relationships, because in the process of interpersonal communication we inform each other not only about our own emotional state, but also about our attitude towards each other. It must be remembered that:

1. Emotions, attitudes towards them and ways of expressing them are part of the communication style of any person. According to the degree of emotional expressiveness, people can be placed on a scale from extremely expressive to extremely reserved. Insufficient emotional expressiveness (as well as excessive), its inadequacy to the conditions is one of the most important sources of conflict in interpersonal relationships. Excessive restraint in the expression of emotions and feelings leads to the fact that a person is perceived as cold, indifferent, and arrogant. Sometimes this only causes surprise, sometimes it gives rise to hostility and becomes an obstacle to the establishment of normal relations between people.

Concealment, concealment, indecisiveness in expressing feelings in interpersonal relationships can lead to the following consequences. Unexpressed feelings create an atmosphere of misunderstanding, distortion, and make judgments and actions biased. It becomes many times more difficult to solve interpersonal problems. On the contrary, the quality of relationships is much improved if partners are free to express both positive and negative feelings. Long-term suppression of feelings can eventually cause a person to be unable to feel at all.

2. The manifestation of a situational emotion is fleeting, but the reaction of another person to it can be long-lasting. In this case, both the self-esteem factor and the effects of perception are at work. An insecure person is very sensitive to all assessments that affect him in one way or another. We can forget about what we said in an irritated state, while our interlocutor will painfully and for a long time experience what he heard.

3. The emotion may not be encoded or decoded accurately. Someone does not know how to express emotions because they have not mastered the forms of expression accepted in society. Some people distort emotion out of fear of revealing their own feelings, such as fear of losing self-control or being compromised, rejected, or ridiculed. Sometimes the poverty of forms of emotional behavior is associated with the characteristics of communication in the family or with the immediate environment.

Decoding is associated with checking the accuracy of one's own perceptions, which involves assessing the mood of others in the form of a guess. Techniques by which this control can be exercised include questions such as: “Are you surprised by what N said to you?”, “It seems to me that you are angry that no one paid attention to your ideas,” “Maybe I said something offensive to you?”, “Are you upset?” and so on.

4. For many people, the hardest thing to communicate is the here and now. negative emotions into the eyes of the person present. The easiest way is to speak positively about the absent person, remembering a situation that happened in the past.

There are usually three possible ways of expressing an emotional state:

unpersistent, the purpose of which is rather to hide the true emotion;
aggressive, the purpose of which is to “teach a lesson” to the partner;
open, or confident, the purpose of which is to let you know how you feel without causing feelings of guilt or aggression in your partner, and in the case of your own negative emotions, to communicate them in a way that allows you to understand.

The message structure itself will be different in each of these methods.

Thus, an aggressive message, in addition to the fact that it uses strong evaluative definitions, is usually constructed as a “you-message”, in which responsibility for the experienced emotion is placed on another person (“you’re making me angry”, “you’ve offended ) me”, “how I’m tired of you”). Statements of this kind have a double effect: on the one hand, the accusation sounding in them makes the accused want to defend himself rather than understand the cause of the negative emotion; on the other hand, by defining the other as responsible for his emotion, the addressee thereby transfers to him power over himself, since the change in his emotional state now depends on his partner.

Messages even about negative emotions that do not destroy the atmosphere of trust and partnership should be in the nature of “I-messages”. This, on the one hand, allows others to understand you without threatening their self-esteem, and on the other hand, it allows you to take responsibility for your emotions, therefore, opens up the possibility of managing them (“I’m nervous because it seems to me that you’re not doing it on purpose.” the way I ask”, “I was upset because I was hoping to spend time together”).

Let us pay attention to the fact that an open communication about one’s emotions is also accompanied by a disclosure of the reasons that caused this state and the needs that were affected.

By analogy with the widely used concept of “social competence” (the ability to effectively interact with other people), the concept of “emotional competence” is used - the ability to act in accordance with the internal environment of one’s feelings and desires. Emotional and social competence are interrelated; accurate emotional communication with others improves the quality of interpersonal relationships; in turn, interaction with other people allows you to more accurately understand your feelings and desires.

Factors of aggressive behavior are a set of causes and conditions that initiate aggression or determine its nature and individual features. Among the factors of aggressive behavior, socio-psychological and biological ones are considered. Social and psychological factors Socio-psychological factors, i.e. formed at the level of social groups and influencing the aggressiveness of the individual. Microsocial is the influence of various family factors. The development of a child’s aggressive behavior is influenced by various family factors, for example, conflict or an inadequate family education style. Thus, parents who use extremely harsh punishments, use excessive control (overprotection) or, on the contrary, do not control their children’s activities (hypoprotection), are more likely to encounter aggression and disobedience in their children. There is also an opinion that the father’s aggression towards the mother (physical violence or moral humiliation) has a pronounced negative impact on the child. Macrosocial factors that ensure the connection of aggression with the most general trends in the development of the population as a whole (social, economic, demographic processes). Lando (1984) suggests that aggression in society is closely related to the effectiveness of social institutions and the social system as a whole. Having studied the ratio of inflation, marriages and divorces, he established a direct connection between these indices of social dysfunction and the number of serious crimes in 11 out of 12 countries. In addition, it is assumed that at the macrosocial level important role Various group attributions play a role in the development of aggressiveness. For example, it has been established that prejudiced people tend to attribute bad intentions to members of a group they themselves dislike. This process is called “biased attribution of hostility” and, as some researchers point out, it plays an important role in the formation of racial and ethnic hatred. In addition to those mentioned, macrosocial factors include the economic and political situation in the country, the state of war or peace, characteristics of demographic processes, environmental conditions, etc. Personal and psychological factors, i.e. personality traits that are formed in the process of socialization at the level of an individual and are in one way or another connected with his aggressiveness. These may include cognitive, emotional, volitional, personality traits, and features of its unconscious sphere. Among the emotional factors, they consider the tendency to emotions of anger and rage, motivating aggressive actions; increased affective excitability in situations of frustration, anxiety, affective disorders (mania, depression, dysphoria) and emotional instability. Volitional factors are supposed to provide a certain level of control over emotional reactions and behavior in general, and the ability to withstand stressful situations. Probably, personal-psychological factors can be inherent in a generally healthy person without any obvious mental disorders.

Biological and psychological factors Biological and psychological factors, i.e. formed in the process of ontogenesis (individual development of the human body) and determining the behavior of the individual at the biological level. These include genetic, hormonal, neurotransmitter, neuroanatomical and gender factors. Proponents of the hormonal theory adhere to the position that the decisive influence on an individual’s aggressiveness is his hormonal status. Thus, it has been established that excessive release of testosterone in men causes increased and uncontrollable aggressiveness. According to other sources, in women, hormonal disorders during the premenstrual and menstrual periods play a decisive role; this can lead to excessive irritability, outbursts of anger and uncontrollable actions.