Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is a famous Russian writer and translator. He made a significant contribution to the fund of Russian literature. His works were particularly realistic, thanks to which he gained recognition in various sectors of society.
Brief biography of Kuprin
Your attention is invited short biography Kuprin. She, like everything, contains a lot.
Childhood and parents
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin was born on August 26, 1870 in the city of Narovchat, in the family of an ordinary official. When little Alexander was only one year old, his father, Ivan Ivanovich, died.
After the death of her husband, the mother of the future writer, Lyubov Alekseevna, decided to go to Moscow. It was in this city that Kuprin spent his childhood and youth.
Education and the beginning of the creative path
When young Sasha was 6 years old, he was sent to study at the Moscow Orphanage School, which he graduated in 1880.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin
In 1887 Kuprin was enrolled in the Alexander Military School.
During this period of his biography, he had to face various difficulties, which he would later write about in the stories "At the Turn (Cadets)" and "Juncker".
Alexander Ivanovich had good ability to write poetry, but they remained unpublished.
In 1890, the writer served in an infantry regiment with the rank of second lieutenant.
While in this rank, he writes such stories as "Inquiry", "In the Dark", "Night Shift" and "Hike".
The flowering of creativity
In 1894 Kuprin decided to resign, being at that time already in the rank of lieutenant. Immediately after that, he begins to travel around, meeting different people and gaining new knowledge.
During this period, he manages to meet, Maxim Gorky and.
Kuprin's biography is interesting in that he immediately took all the impressions and experiences he received during his considerable travels as a basis for future works.
In 1905, the story "The Duel" was published, which received real recognition in society. In 1911 his most significant work appeared “ Garnet bracelet", Which made Kuprin truly famous.
It should be noted that it was easy for him to write not only serious literature, but also children's stories.
Emigration
One of the most important moments in Kuprin's life was the October Revolution. In a short biography, it is difficult to describe all the experiences of the writer associated with this time.
In short, we will only note that he flatly refused to accept the ideology of war communism and the terror associated with it. Assessing the current situation, Kuprin almost immediately decides to emigrate to.
In a foreign land, he continues to write stories and stories, as well as engage in translation activities. For Alexander Kuprin it was unthinkable to live without creativity, which is clearly visible throughout his biography.
Return to Russia
Over time, in addition to material difficulties, Kuprin increasingly begins to feel nostalgia for his homeland. He only succeeds in returning back to Russia after 17 years. At the same time he wrote his last work, which is called "Native Moscow".
The last years of life and death
The famous writer who returned home was beneficial to Soviet officials. They tried to create an image of a repentant writer who came from a foreign land to sing of a happy one.
On Kuprin's return to the USSR, 1937, "Pravda" However, in the memos of the competent authorities, it was recorded that Kuprin was weak, sick, inoperable and, practically, unable to write anything.
By the way, this is precisely why the information appeared that "Moscow native" does not belong to Kuprin himself, but to the journalist NK Verzhbitsky assigned to him.
On August 25, 1938, Alexander Kuprin died of esophageal cancer. He was buried in Leningrad at the Volkovskoye cemetery, next to the great writer.
- When Kuprin was not yet famous, he managed to master many of the most diverse professions. He worked in a circus, was an artist, teacher, land surveyor and journalist. In total, he has mastered over 20 different professions.
- The first wife of the writer, Maria Karlovna, did not really like the disorder and disorganization in Kuprin's work. For example, when she found him sleeping at his workplace, she deprived him of his breakfast. And when he did not write the necessary chapters for some story, his wife refused to let him into the house. How can one fail to recall an American scientist who is under pressure from his wife!
- Kuprin loved to dress in the national Tatar outfit, and walk in this form on the streets. On the maternal side, he had Tatar roots, which he was always proud of.
- Kuprin spoke personally with Lenin. He suggested that the leader create a newspaper for the villagers called "Earth".
- In 2014, the television series "Kuprin" was filmed, which tells about the life of the writer.
- According to the recollections of contemporaries, Kuprin was truly a very kind and not indifferent to the fate of others.
- Many are named after Kuprin settlements, streets and libraries.
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Russian literature Silver Age
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin
Biography
Kuprin Alexander Ivanovich (1870 - 1938) - Russian writer. Social criticism marked the story "Moloch" (1896), in which industrialization appears in the form of a monster plant that enslaves man morally and physically, the story "Duel" (1905) - about the death of a spiritually pure hero in the deadening atmosphere of army life and the story "The Pit" (1909 - 15) - about prostitution. The variety of finely outlined types, lyrical situations in the stories and stories "Olesya" (1898), "Gambrinus" (1907), "Garnet Bracelet" (1911). Cycles of essays (Listrigones, 1907 - 11). In 1919 - 37 in exile, in 1937 he returned to his homeland. Autobiographical novel "Juncker" (1928 - 32).
Big Encyclopedic Dictionary, M.-SPb., 1998
Biography
Kuprin Alexander Ivanovich (1870), prose writer.
Born on August 26 (September 7, NS) in the town of Narovchat, Penza province, in the family of a minor official who died a year after the birth of his son. Mother (from an ancient family of Tatar princes Kulanchakovs) after the death of her husband moved to Moscow, where the future writer spent his childhood and youth. For six years, the boy was sent to the Moscow Razumovsky boarding house (orphanage), from where he left in 1880. In the same year he entered the Moscow Military Academy, which was transformed into the Cadet Corps.
After graduation, he continued his military education at the Aleksandrovsk cadet school (1888 - 90). Subsequently, he will describe his "military youth" in the stories "At the Break (Cadets)" and in the novel "Juncker". Even then he dreamed of becoming a "poet or novelist."
Kuprin's first literary experience was poetry that remained unpublished. The first work to be published was the story "The Last Debut" (1889).
In 1890, after graduating from a military school, Kuprin, with the rank of second lieutenant, was enrolled in an infantry regiment stationed in the Podolsk province. The officer's life, which he led for four years, provided rich material for his future works. In 1893 - 1894 in the St. Petersburg magazine "Russian wealth" published his story "In the dark" and stories " On a moonlit night"And" Inquiry ". A series of stories is devoted to the life of the Russian army: "Overnight" (1897), "Night shift" (1899), "Campaign". In 1894 Kuprin retired and moved to Kiev, having no civilian profession and having a small life experience... In the following years, he traveled a lot across Russia, having tried many professions, eagerly absorbing life experiences that became the basis of his future works. In the 1890s he published the essay "Yuzovsky Plant" and the story "Molokh", the stories "Wilderness", "The Werewolf", the stories "Olesya" and "Cat" ("Warrant Officer of the Army"). During these years, Kuprin met Bunin, Chekhov and Gorky. In 1901 he moved to St. Petersburg, began to work for the "Journal for Everyone", married M. Davydova, had a daughter, Lydia. Kuprin's stories appeared in Petersburg magazines: "Swamp" (1902); Horse thieves (1903); The White Poodle (1904). In 1905 his most significant work was published - the story "The Duel", which had great success. The writer's speeches with the reading of individual chapters of the "Duel" became an event in the cultural life of the capital. His works of this time were very well-behaved: the essay "Events in Sevastopol" (1905), the stories "Staff Captain Rybnikov" (1906), "The River of Life", "Gambrinus" (1907). In 1907 he married a second marriage to the sister of mercy E. Geynrikh, daughter Ksenia was born. Kuprin's work in the years between the two revolutions resisted the decadent mood of those years: a cycle of essays "Listrigona" (1907 - 11), stories about animals, stories "Shulamith", "Garnet Bracelet" (1911). His prose became a noticeable phenomenon in Russian literature at the beginning of the century. After October revolution the writer did not accept the policy of war communism, the "red terror", he felt fear for the fate of Russian culture. In 1918 he came to Lenin with a proposal to publish a newspaper for the countryside - "Earth". At one time he worked in the publishing house "World Literature", founded by Gorky. In the fall of 1919, while in Gatchina, cut off from Petrograd by Yudenich's troops, he emigrated abroad. The seventeen years that the writer spent in Paris was a period of little fruit. Constant material need, homesickness led him to the decision to return to Russia. In the spring of 1937, seriously ill Kuprin returned to his homeland, warmly received by his admirers. Published the essay "Native Moscow". However, new creative plans were not destined to come true. In August 1938 Kuprin died of cancer in Leningrad
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin (1870-1938) is a famous Russian writer. His father, a small official, died a year after the birth of his son. Mother, a native of the Tatar princes Kulanchakovs, after the death of her husband moved to the capital of Russia, where Kuprin spent his childhood and youth. At the age of 6, Alexander was sent to an orphanage, where he stayed until 1880. And immediately upon leaving he entered the Moscow Military Academy.
After - he studied at the Alexander School (1888-90). In 1889, his first work, The Last Debut, was released. In 1890 Kuprin was assigned to the infantry regiment in the Podolsk province, life in which became the basis of his many works.
In 1894, the writer retired and moved to Kiev. The following years were devoted to wandering Russia.
In 1890 he presented to readers a variety of publications - "Molokh", "Yuzovsky Plant", "Werewolf", "Olesya", "Cat".
A very short biography (in a nutshell)
Born on September 7, 1870 in the town of Narovchat, Penza region. Father - Ivan Ivanovich Kuprin (1834-1871), an official. Mother - Lyubov Alekseevna (1838-1910). In 1880 he entered the Moscow Cadet Corps, and in 1887 - at the Alexander Military School. On February 3, 1902, he married Maria Davydova. Since 1907 he began to live with Elizabeth Heinrich. He had three daughters from two marriages. In 1920 he emigrated to France. In 1937 he returned to the USSR. He died on August 25, 1938 at the age of 67. He was buried in St. Petersburg at Literatorskie mostki Volkovsky cemetery. Major works: "Duel", "Pit", "Moloch", "Pomegranate Bracelet", "The Wonderful Doctor" and others.
Brief biography (in detail)
Alexander Kuprin is an outstanding Russian realist writer of the late 19th century. The writer was born on September 7, 1870 in the district town of Narovchat, Penza region, in the family of a hereditary nobleman. The writer's father, Ivan Ivanovich, died shortly after the birth of his son. Mother, Lyubov Alekseevna, was from a kind of Tatar princes. After the death of her husband, she moved to Moscow, where Alexander, at the age of six, was sent to an orphanage. In 1880 he entered the Moscow Cadet Corps, and in 1887 - at the Alexander Military School. About the years spent in this school, he later wrote in the story "At the Turning Point" and in the novel "Juncker".
The first literary experience of the writer manifested itself in poems that were never published. Kuprin's work was first published in 1889. It was the story "The Last Debut". The writer collected rich material for his future works during his service in the Dnieper infantry regiment in 1890. A few years later, his works "Russian wealth", "Overnight", "Inquiry", "Campaign" and others were published. It is believed that Kuprin was a very greedy person for impressions and loved to lead a wandering lifestyle. He was interested in people of various professions, from engineers to organ grinders. For this reason, the writer could equally well describe a variety of subjects in his books.
The 1890s were fruitful for Kuprin. It was then that one of his best stories, Moloch, was published. In the 1900s, the writer met such literary geniuseslike Bunin, Gorky, Chekhov. In 1905, the most significant work writer - the story "Duel". This story immediately brought great success to the writer, and he began giving readings of its individual chapters in the capital. And with the appearance of the stories "The Pit" and "The Pomegranate Bracelet", his prose became an important part of Russian literature.
The turning point in Kuprin's life was the revolution that broke out in the country. In 1920, the writer emigrated to France, where he spent almost seventeen years. It was a kind of lull in his work. However, after returning to his homeland, he wrote his last essay, "Native Moscow". The writer died on the night of August 25, 1938 and was buried at Literatorskie Mostki in St. Petersburg.
CV video (for those who prefer to listen)
(August 26, old style) 1870 in the city of Narovchat, Penza province in the family of a minor official. The father died when his son was in his second year.
In 1874, his mother, who came from the ancient family of the Tatar princes Kulanchakovs, moved to Moscow. From the age of five, due to the difficult financial situation, the boy was sent to the Moscow Razumovsky orphanage, famous for its severe discipline.
In 1888, Alexander Kuprin graduated from the cadet corps, in 1890 - the Aleksandrovskoe military school with the rank of second lieutenant.
Upon graduation, he was enrolled in the 46th Dnieper Infantry Regiment and sent to serve in the city of Proskurov (now Khmelnitsky, Ukraine).
In 1893, Kuprin went to Petersburg to enter the Academy of the General Staff, but was not allowed to take exams due to a scandal in Kiev, when in a restaurant-barge on the Dnieper, he threw a drunken bailiff who insulted a girl-waitress overboard.
In 1894 Kuprin left military service... He traveled a lot in the south of Russia and Ukraine, tried himself in various fields of activity: he was a loader, storekeeper, forest ranger, land surveyor, psalm reader, proofreader, estate manager and even a dentist.
The first story of the writer "The Last Debut" was published in 1889 in the Moscow "Russian Satirical Leaflet".
Army life is described by him in the stories of 1890-1900 "From the Distant Past" ("Inquiry"), "Lilac Bush", "Lodging", "Night shift", "Army Warrant Officer", "Campaign".
Kuprin's early sketches were published in Kiev in the collections Kiev Types (1896) and Miniatures (1897). In 1896 the story "Moloch" was published, which brought wide popularity to the young author. Then came The Night Shift (1899) and a number of other stories.
During these years Kuprin met the writers Ivan Bunin, Anton Chekhov and Maxim Gorky.
In 1901 Kuprin settled in St. Petersburg. For some time he was in charge of the department of fiction of the "Journal for All", then became an employee of the magazine "Peace of God" and the publishing house "Knowledge", which published the first two volumes of Kuprin's works (1903, 1906).
Alexander Kuprin entered the history of Russian literature as the author of the stories and novels "Olesya" (1898), "Duel" (1905), "Pit" (1 part - 1909, 2 part - 1914-1915).
He is also known as a major storyteller. Among his works in this genre - "In the circus", "Swamp" (both 1902), "Coward", "Horse thieves" (both 1903), "Peaceful life", "Measles" (both 1904), "Staff-captain Rybnikov "(1906)," Gambrinus "," Emerald "(both 1907)," Shulamith "(1908)," Garnet Bracelet "(1911)," Listrigones "(1907-1911)," Black Lightning "and" Anathema "( both 1913).
In 1912 Kuprin traveled to France and Italy, impressions of which were reflected in the cycle of travel sketches "Cote d'Azur".
During this period, he actively mastered new, previously unknown types of activity - he went up in a hot air balloon, flew in an airplane (which almost ended tragically), went down under water in a diving suit.
In 1917, Kuprin worked as editor of the newspaper Svobodnaya Rossiya, published by the party of the Left SRs. From 1918 to 1919 the writer worked for the publishing house "World Literature", founded by Maxim Gorky.
After coming to Gatchina (St. Petersburg), where he lived since 1911, the White troops, he edited the newspaper "Prinevsky Krai", published by Yudenich's headquarters.
In the fall of 1919, he emigrated with his family abroad, where he spent 17 years, mainly in Paris.
In the emigre years Kuprin published several collections of prose "The Dome of St. Isaac of Dolmatsky", "Elan", "The Wheel of Time", the novels "Janet", "Juncker".
Living in exile, the writer lived in poverty, suffering both from lack of demand and from being cut off from his native soil.
In May 1937, Kuprin returned with his wife to Russia. By this time he was already seriously ill. Interviews with the writer and his journalistic essay "Moscow native" were published in Soviet newspapers.
On August 25, 1938, he died in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) from esophageal cancer. Buried at Literatorskie mostki Volkov cemetery.
Alexander Kuprin was married twice. In 1901, his first wife was Maria Davydova (Kuprina-Iordanskaya), the adopted daughter of the publisher of the magazine "Peace of God". She subsequently married the editor of the magazine " Modern world"(who replaced the" Peace of God "), publicist Nikolai Iordansky and herself worked in journalism. In 1960, her book of memoirs about Kuprin" Years of Youth "was published.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin was born on August 26 (September 7), 1870 in the city of Narovchat (Penza province) in a poor family of a minor official.
1871 was a difficult year in Kuprin's biography - his father died, and the impoverished family moved to Moscow.
Education and the beginning of the creative path
At the age of six, Kuprin was sent to the class of the Moscow Orphanage School, from which he left in 1880. After that, Alexander Ivanovich studied at the military academy, the Alexander military school. The training time is described in such works by Kuprin as: "At the Turn (Cadets)", "Juncker". The Last Debut is Kuprin's first published story (1889).
From 1890 he was a second lieutenant in an infantry regiment. During the service, many essays, stories, stories were published: "Inquiry", "Moonlit Night", "In the Dark".
The flowering of creativity
Four years later, Kuprin retired. After that, the writer travels a lot in Russia, tries himself in different professions. At this time, Alexander Ivanovich met Ivan Bunin, Anton Chekhov and Maxim Gorky.
Kuprin builds his stories of those times on life impressions gleaned during his wanderings.
Kuprin's short stories cover many topics: military, social, love. The story "Duel" (1905) brought real success to Alexander Ivanovich. Love in Kuprin's work is most vividly described in the story "Olesya" (1898), which was the first major and one of his most beloved works, and the story of unrequited love - "Garnet Bracelet" (1910).
Alexander Kuprin also loved to write stories for children. For children's reading he wrote the works "Elephant", "Starlings", "White Poodle" and many others.
Emigration and the last years of life
For Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin, life and work are inseparable. Not accepting the policy of war communism, the writer emigrates to France. Even after emigration, in the biography of Alexander Kuprin, the writer's fervor does not subside, he writes novels, short stories, many articles and essays. Despite this, Kuprin lives in material need and yearns for his homeland. Only 17 years later did he return to Russia. At the same time, the last essay of the writer was published - the work "Moscow native".
After a serious illness, Kuprin dies on August 25, 1938. The writer was buried at the Volkovskoye cemetery in Leningrad, next to the grave