The meaning of color in business communication presentation. "The meaning of color in business communication." Tips for making a good presentation or project report

People form their impression of us by what we wear, that is, we are truly “met by our clothes.”

Well, it sounds banal, but nevertheless continues to be true. An opinion based on visual impressions may be completely wrong, but whether we like it or not, people do judge us primarily by our appearance.

So is it worth creating a bad image of yourself? Your appearance should characterize you as a person and reflect your capabilities. It is necessary that the image is in harmony with your inner qualities so that you are satisfied with both.

If you decide to imitate someone else's image or style - for example, the style of a movie star or other celebrity - you will invariably be disappointed because you will never be able to look the same as the original. You are a completely different person, with different internal and external qualities, and you need your own style.

If you prefer to dress “shockingly”, this is your right, but in this case you need to be prepared for the widest range of reactions from others - from grinning behind your back to open rejection.

Each of us has several types of uniform “for occasion”: classic suits, shirts and shoes for the office; rubber boots, flannel shirts and canvas windbreakers for working in the country; expensive clothes and accessories purchased in boutiques for going out into high society; leather jackets and trousers for rocking outings, etc. We wear certain types of clothing because of their practicality. You wouldn't wear an evening suit for a trip out of town, would you? In addition, clothing also performs another function, namely: it shows your belonging (in general or at the moment) to a certain social group or stratum. If your clothing does not meet its standards and

requirements, this tells the representatives of this group around you that you are not one of them, that you are a stranger among them. I am sure that most of you can remember a situation when, after wearing something inappropriate for an official reception (too casual),

or, conversely, too elegant) clothes, you suddenly felt out of place.

Clothing also affects how we feel about ourselves, and therefore our body language.

For example, you will feel and behave completely differently in a luxurious evening dress or in gymnastics tights, in a formal business suit or in a T-shirt and jeans.

If you are wearing heavily worn or soiled clothing, then what impression will you make on others? How will they perceive you? How will you feel?

On the other hand, how do you feel if your clothes are clean and tidy? How do you feel? It is clear that not everyone can afford suits from a tailor or shirts from an expensive store, but nothing will excuse you for being sloppy in your clothes, no matter what it is. So said my late father-in-law, who lived very modestly and bought his clothes in welfare stores. In these stores you can dress at very modest prices and at the same time help those in need. So, in order to look decent, you don’t have to be rich.

Some people work wonders with a sewing machine or knitting needles, making fashionable items with their own Hands and at minimal cost. Therefore, if you wish, you can always create clothes that will look elegant and original without much damage to your budget.

If your clothes look outdated, and you can’t buy new ones, then you can slightly “update” old things at home or in the workshop.

Whatever activity you engage in, make sure your clothes are always clean and well ironed. Don't wear shirts with ripped collars or cuffs unless you really care about the appearance or you're confident that it won't interfere with normal communication.

Different nations have their own customs and norms regarding clothing: you need to know them to avoid misunderstandings. In order to choose the right clothes, you first need to carefully think about what impression you want to make and for what purposes

strive to achieve.

Here is a quote from a local newspaper that published a letter from one woman who, wanting to meet a man (for the noble goal of starting a family), actively attended various parties and official receptions: “All the men with whom I managed to start a conversation, for some reason did not listen to me , but they were just looking at my cleavage!”

Well, it’s clear why! Should we be surprised here? If this woman really wanted to meet a man who would see her as a person and not as a sex object, she would hardly have put her bust on display.

In the business world in the West, there is the following rule for women: the more revealing your clothes, the less they will trust you. If you come to work in disco clothes that are tight or barely cover your body, how do you think your male colleagues should react to this?

They will react, and how! Maybe you deliberately want to set some of them on fire, but still, you shouldn’t play with fire in vain. In my practice, many women

asked me the same question: “Why doesn’t anyone take me seriously?” I have always advised such women to take a better look at what they wear when going to work and think about what effect these clothes can have on the stronger sex.

But what about office clothes for men? ? Well, they have a business suit - what could be simpler? However, times have already changed and continue to change. Now, men's clothing styles have become more diverse and can range between formal or formal (smart), versatile or semi-formal (smart-casual), and casual or informal (casual-casual). How informal do you dress on “pre-weekend Friday”? How do you dress for a job interview? Do you find out what the dress code is for the company you are visiting? Will you look like a black sheep in a suit and tie when everyone around you is wearing open-necked shirts and summer trousers? Which shirts do you prefer - white or colored? The CEO of a company I once worked for told me that he would never hire someone who wore colored shirts!

Before going for an interview with a company, it is better to call them and ask if they have a specific dress code, and if so, what kind.

When applying for a leadership position, choose clothes that are responsible. And if you want your candidacy to be noted and seriously considered, then dress for the interview like a Manager occupying the next level after the one you are applying for.

This does not mean that you should necessarily dress strictly formally: it all depends on the industry in which you work and the norms accepted in it.

Be sure to keep your shoes clean (this applies equally to men and women). I have attended many sales presentations, promotions, and hiring interviews and have seen how the general impression a person's shoes were hopelessly damaged by poorly polished or badly worn shoes. Therefore, if you are careless about your appearance and it does not play in your favor, then the interview may turn out to be an unnecessary hassle and an insurmountable obstacle.

Sometimes it can be very difficult to choose the right clothes for the office, a sales presentation or a job interview: this problem is especially acute for women, and all because they have a wider choice and, therefore, a greater chance of making mistakes.

So ask yourself:

Where am I going?

Why am I going there?

How is it customary to dress for such an occasion and what is the clothing style of this social group?

What impression do I want to make?

What should I wear?

The color of your clothes affects other people's perceptions of you.

Clothes colorcan have a significant impact on how others perceive you.

When you arrive at the supermarket, look at the products on the shelves and pay attention to the color of the packaging. Why did this or that company choose blue, green or red for packaging? What does each of them contain?

Why do we, for example, use different colors to decorate our home interiors? The psychology of color also plays a huge role in clothing. It affects not only how others perceive us, but also how we feel about ourselves.

For the sake of experiment, play word association: name different colors to a group of people to find out their immediate reaction to each of them. You will see how one color in many cases evokes similar associations in different people.

However, the same colors can have different symbolism in different world cultures: keep this in mind when traveling abroad and when doing business with foreigners.

Whatever your favorite clothing colors are, they should enhance you, not ruin you: there are a few things you need to know to get started. This knowledge will help you save a lot of money in the future, because you will stop buying clothes that you will be disappointed with immediately upon returning from the store.

Now let's look at some colors and their symbolic meaning.

Black

In Western culture, black is primarily considered official, respectable and discreet, but these are not all the associations associated with it. Black is often worn to funerals; black clothing is a mandatory sign of movie villains and witches. Priests wear black as a sign of their humility before God, and according to some fashion experts, wearing black on a woman signifies her submission to a man! However, many women prefer black in clothes, believing that it makes the figure visually slimmer. Be that as it may, this is a very heavy color that completely absorbs rays, the effect of which for overweight people is completely opposite: black makes them even more massive and heavier, which makes those around them feel very uncomfortable in their company.

Black color is also considered sophisticated and chic. This is true, but only if it suits you. But it doesn’t suit everyone - for example, black color is simply contraindicated for me: it not only spoils my appearance, but also worsens my internal state. Men in absolute black, or black with pinstripes,

suits, combined with a white shirt, look really impressive, but such clothes give them an overly bossy look. Waiters wear black and white

uniforms as a sign that they have certain authority within the restaurant, and also so that visitors can immediately see them. Strictly and elegantly dressed waiters make the atmosphere in the restaurant sedate and aristocratic, giving the establishment solidity and respectability. However, if a woman wears a black suit and white blouse to an interview, she will have very little chance of getting the job. Why?

Because the combination of white and black seems too authoritarian, cold and hostile, and this may antagonize the interviewer. If you have nothing else from formal formal wear, then try to at least soften the harshness of this color combination by tying a colored scarf around your neck; men can use a bright colored tie for this purpose. In any case, buying accessories will cost much less than a new suit.

Red

The color red symbolizes energy and physical strength. It is also the color of aggression and danger: it is no coincidence that fire trucks, for example, are always red. I read that red cars end up in LTP much more often than any other. However, red cars are very popular. Why? Because red is also a symbol of power. It is a very bright color, and red clothes help their owners feel more confident. I once had a red skirt that I wore with true pleasure. However, here again it’s worth making a reservation: when choosing red clothes, think about where and when to wear them. If a woman wears a red jacket to the office, this will most likely cause problems in her communication with male colleagues. Since the color red symbolizes power, wearing red will be perceived by male colleagues as a sign of that woman's desire to dominate them. If you are a leader, then everything is in order, but if not, you may fall out of the team or cause an unfriendly attitude towards yourself. Men generally do not wear red jackets unless it is part of a corporate uniform. At the same time, men may well wear red ties, which in their effect are equivalent to a red jacket on a Woman. Remember, for example, the 80s, when an elegant yuppie - one of those called “young and early” - could

see in red suspenders! For negotiating or resolving a conflict situation, red clothing is far from the most suitable: red is an aggressive color, and therefore inappropriate when you need to get cooperation from your interlocutor.

Pink

Pink is a calmer, softer and more feminine color. All pastel colors (pink, blue, lilac) symbolize tranquility and femininity. Therefore, before

than to dress in this color, again think about who you are meeting and what impression you want to make. What is the purpose of the meeting? If you need to show your solidity and energy, get promoted or hired, dress in

pastel colors are unlikely to help you with this, since in it you will not be able to give the impression of a confident and very assertive person. This also applies to men who love shirts and ties in pastel colors.

Green

Green is the color of nature. It has a calming effect, but excessive love for the color green in clothes can mean that you are lazy and weak-willed. Green is not a good color for self-affirmation - this is especially true for dirty green (khaki), which is usually associated with death. Green can also symbolize envy, resentment and money-grubbing. Some people generally consider green to be an unlucky color and therefore do not wear green clothes and prefer not to have anything green in their home. My mother is one of these people, but personally I like the color green in home interiors, although I wear green clothes because they don’t suit me. IN

In the Middle Ages, English brides wore green as a symbol of fertility and successful childbearing.

Yellow

This is a bright, sunny, optimistic color. It is associated with the intellect and can be associated with a person who is sober and clear-thinking, thoughtful and capable of making decisions. However, an excess of yellow in clothes has an overwhelming effect.

The color yellow promotes self-confidence, increases composure and improves organizational skills, but avoid using dirty yellow in clothing: it can be associated with bile.

Blue

The color blue represents prudence and clarity of mind. It is also associated with creativity. This is the color of the sky and ocean. It conveys serenity and calm, but can also be cold and aloof. Blue clothes are good for

interviews, as this color symbolizes reliability and efficiency. Some studies show that weightlifters can lift more weight while wearing a blue suit. However, an excess of dark blue can be depressing.

Turquoise

Turquoise color inspires and inspires energy, refreshes and invigorates. In addition, it promotes communication, expression of feelings and creativity. For example, I often prefer to wear turquoise when I write detective stories in my spare time.

Brown

The color brown carries a sense of solidity and reliability: it is the color of the earth, and therefore the color of stability. However, it can also cause melancholy and despondency and be associated with narrow-mindedness and isolation. Brown color is preferred

men.

Grey

Gray color can cause negative feelings because it is associated with bad weather, gray clouds, gloomy skies, heaviness and boredom. Gray - not white, not black - is the color of escape from reality, causing feelings of uncertainty and loneliness.

Now you may already be mentally going through your wardrobe, wondering what, in the end, you need to wear! So you should:

♦ give preference to clothes of those colors that, in the opinion of others, suit you and make you more attractive;

♦ choose colors in which you yourself feel comfortable and confident;

♦ choose the color of clothing depending on the specific situation.

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Man is a part of nature. And people, like any other living beings, have certain instincts. One of these instincts is the reaction to smell. Just like animals, who, for example, can recognize “friend” and “stranger” by smell, we can also be guided in our behavior by smells and aromas.

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Did you know that in Europe there have long been trends in perfumery that are aimed at creating fragrances for shops, cafes, restaurants, and hotels? Why, you ask? Now you can answer this question for yourself. Remember how when you enter some expensive store, for example, shoes or clothing, you immediately feel a light, pleasant aroma. For some reason, you immediately associate it with wealth, luxury and prosperity. And somehow the desire to purchase something from this store involuntarily arises. Do you understand now? Smell can instantly send impulses to our brain, prompting us to take certain actions. And various commercial organizations use this. For example, it is known that the smell of leather in salons where leather products are sold (even leatherette products) can significantly increase sales. In grocery stores, this effect can be produced by the smell of watermelon or cucumber, in clothing stores - the aroma of vanilla, lavender, basil, mint and lemon. Now do you understand how luxury perfumes can affect your interlocutor’s perception of you?

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The meaning of color in business communication The color of clothing and accessories is an important element of business communication techniques. The influence of the color scheme of the interlocutor’s clothing on the subconscious. Business etiquette requirements for the color scheme of a classic suit. Norms and rules of nonverbal communication in different countries.

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The clothes and shoes of a business person significantly influence the image. A business suit should be strict, without flashy colors or extravagant cut. It is very important that the clothes fit the figure, match the gender, hair color and other features of his body, are clean, ironed and tidy. The main elements of a business man's clothing are a suit, shirt and tie. Suits in dark colors are more suitable for winter, and light suits for warmer weather. Suits in dark gray and dark blue are suitable for all seasons. Three-piece suits are comfortable. Small-check jackets with plain trousers are also suitable; in a formal setting, the jacket should be buttoned. Shirts are preferably made of cotton and Polina. The most suitable colors for them are white, blue, beige, ivory, striped or barely noticeable checkered. The cuffs of the shirt should protrude 2-3 cm from under the sleeve of the jacket. Shirts in red and black colors, as well as shirts with short sleeves, are not suitable for business clothes. Low shoes and boots for services and receptions are preferable to black. Brown shoes are suitable for suits in brown and beige tones. Shoes with thick soles, sandals and sneakers are not suitable for receptions. Socks should be long, and their color should be slightly darker than the color of the suit and slightly lighter than the shoes.

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A businesswoman can wear a dress or suit in strict and modest tones for daytime receptions. For receptions organized after 20:00, it is recommended to wear more elegant and revealing evening dresses. They can be long or regular length. Her clothes in this case are complemented by evening shoes made of leather or suede with comfortable heels and a small handbag. A businesswoman's cosmetics should be discreet, and the smell of perfume should be barely perceptible. An essential piece of jewelry for a business woman is a wedding ring. This is a sign that her attitude towards others is only businesslike. At work, a woman should wear as little jewelry as possible, and what she does have should serve her business image. An integral attribute for a woman in society is a briefcase or handbag, made of good quality leather, without bright decorations. Women's and men's clothing may be subject to fashion changes. However, a business suit must be subject to such requirements as convenience, rationality, elegance and correspond to intelligence, efficiency, high internal culture and good manners. A person’s career and destiny depend on appearance, clothing, intelligence, ability to communicate, and ethical education.

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The presentation on the topic Smells and colors in business communication can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Project subject: Sociology. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 10 slide(s).

Presentation slides

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Tips for making a good presentation or project report

Try to involve the audience in the story, set up interaction with the audience using leading questions, a game part, do not be afraid to joke and smile sincerely (where appropriate).
Try to explain the slide in your own words, add additional interesting facts; you don’t just need to read the information from the slides, the audience can read it themselves.
There is no need to overload the slides of your project with text blocks; more illustrations and a minimum of text will better convey information and attract attention. The slide should contain only key information; the rest is best told to the audience orally.
The text must be well readable, otherwise the audience will not be able to see the information being presented, will be greatly distracted from the story, trying to at least make out something, or will completely lose all interest. To do this, you need to choose the right font, taking into account where and how the presentation will be broadcast, and also choose the right combination of background and text.
It is important to rehearse your report, think about how you will greet the audience, what you will say first, and how you will end the presentation. All comes with experience.
Choose the right outfit, because... The speaker's clothing also plays a big role in the perception of his speech.
Try to speak confidently, smoothly and coherently.
Try to enjoy the performance, then you will be more at ease and less nervous.

I am pleased to present you the fifth issue of the “Psychological Bulletin”, in which you can findpsychological recommendations for choosing the color of a business suit, as well as continuation of the topic “Rules of Business Communication.”

No. 5 “Let there be color” July 20, 2011

Using color symbolism when choosing a business suit

A favorable appearance and taste in clothing is an important part of how you integrate into a business environment and influence the mood and feelings of those around you. Business clothing acts as a kind of communication tool, a means of influencing the behavior and attitude of other people towards us. Appearance is the first step to success, a kind of code, a business card, which indicates the degree of solidity and reliability; this is information about your rank, wealth, social status, and membership in certain circles. A feeling of untidiness in appearance speaks of disrespect for oneself and for others. Neatness and smartness in clothing are associated with organization in work, with the ability to value one’s own and other people’s time.

Your clothes should speak about you before you speak.

Think about the extent to which you agree with the following statements, rating your preferences on a 10-point scale.

Your business attire is a reflection of:

1.Your character
2.Your self-esteem
3.Your professionalism
4.Your respect for others
5.Your wealth
6.Your mood
7. Your culture

You may have noted that clothes are, to one degree or another, a reflection of your wealth, mood, culture, etc. etc. In fact, business attire reflects each of these characteristics. By clothing one can judge the degree of conservatism of a person, his cheerfulness, and the level of risk taken. Clothing and the choice of color of a business suit can serve as a nonverbal signal of how open a person is and wants to interact..

The color range of business suits is very limited. Color is a specific wavelength of light that objects absorb or reflect. Each color has its own wavelength and we choose certain colors depending on our well-being and mood. In order to choose the right color for a business suit, you need to know about the impact of color on the human psyche. The power of color lies in the fact that it is able to “bypass” the defense mechanisms of our consciousness and act on an unconscious level.

Determine your preferences when choosing the color of a business suit:

Red (pink, burgundy)
Orange
Yellow
Green (dark green, bright green)
Blue (dark blue, light blue)
Violet
Black or white
Brown
Grey

Taking into account the principles of the “language of color”, you will be able to determine the color preferences of any person, understand the universal meaning of color and be able to choose the most effective color solution for any situation and subject.

Peculiarities of color perception should be taken into account depending on nationality and country.

For example, Red color they love it in Mexico, Norway, Iran, but they don’t like it in Ireland. In China, it is the color of the holiday and a sign of good luck, happiness, constancy, and nobility. In India it means life, action, enthusiasm. Orange The color is very popular in Holland, it symbolizes the emotional sphere, creates an atmosphere of well-being and fun. In Brazil yellow the color symbolizes despair, and combined with purple color - disease. For Syrian Muslims yellow is a symbol of death, and in Russia this color is often perceived as a sign of separation. In China, after red, yellow the color is especially popular, being a symbol of empire, splendor, radiance.

Green the color is loved in Mexico, Australia, Ireland, and Egypt. In India it symbolizes peace and hope, and for Muslims it is a guardian against the evil eye.

White color- one of the most favorite colors of Mexicans, in China it is the color of danger, and for Europeans it is the color of youth and purity.

Symbolism of color preferences

Colors	Psychological effect
Dark blue	Emotional warmth
	Seriousness, respectability
Red-orange	Conquering and enterprising spirit

Blue-green	Clarity, security
	Novelty, modernism, future and development
Brown	Down to earth, everyday life
Violet	Creativity, tendency to depression
	Purification, holiness, purity
	Elegance, power

Now let's take a closer look at some of these colors.

Red color - symbolizes power, superiority over others. It is not recommended to wear clothes of this color all the time, but only when you deliberately want to make a statement. It is a life-affirming color, dynamic and emotional. But at the same time, it is aggressive, dominant over other colors, promotes nervous tension, enhances muscle activity, and increases the body’s energy resources. This is the color of saints and dictators, leaders who love life. It is preferred by balanced, courageous, strong-willed, powerful, sociable individuals and altruists. The acceptable shade of red in a business suit is burgundy.

Pink color - associated with the spiritual joy of unity with peace and hope. Feminine, noble and dream-inducing, but at the same time weak and childish. Bright pink color calms, makes a person passive and causes muscle weakness. Avoid wearing pink clothes when resolving controversial and problematic issues in a conversation with opponents. Sensitive people prefer this color.

Brown color – the color of earthiness, everyday life. It is the color of stability and confidence, but intense brown can be tiring. The abundance of brown in clothing indicates that a person feels dependent on society and the need for its support. Brown color for a business suit is suitable in cases where you need to win someone over and encourage him to be frank. You should avoid this color if you want to attract attention, as the reaction may be the opposite.

Yellow - invigorates, lifts the mood, accelerates visual perception, makes the sensation of the surrounding world stable and clear. This color stimulates brain activity. Too bright and in large quantities it tires. You should avoid the color yellow when resolving controversial and problematic issues, in this case you will be perceived as a frivolous person. Yellow color is loved by people who strive for independence and achieving their goals.

Orange color – is associated with luxury, joy, fire, evokes a feeling of well-being, joy, but is not recommended when choosing a business suit, as it is too active and bright. This is a “hot”, “vibrating” color.

Blue color – inspires trust and sympathy, the color of authority and power. All blue shades help to soberly assess any situation. It is the color of intuition and wisdom, calm, reliable, balanced and noble. But at the same time, he is conservative, cold and authoritarian. The color is very suitable for business clothes, creating a calm business environment, seriousness and responsibility.

Purple – encourages creativity, stimulates imagination, passion for everything new, but causes sadness and depresses the psyche, gives rise to a state of imbalance, anxiety, depression, instability and irrationality.

Green color – the color of nature, the calmest color, sharpens hearing, increases heart rate, promotes trust, has a beneficial effect on a person, relieves fatigue. Dark green color symbolizes stubbornness and self-sufficiency. This color is suitable in cases where you need to concentrate when you are overworked, tired, or stressed. It is good for business clothes (swamp, pine, moss, olive, khaki). It is necessary to avoid preferences for this color when conducting political negotiations, since a person dressed in a green suit is perceived, in this case, as a conservative.

Grey colour – balanced, respectable and serious. This color is ideal for business attire. He is authoritarian and gives the impression that the person knows his stuff. An unmistakable choice of this color for public speaking, when applying for a new job. In combination with white it speaks of seriousness and emphasizes professional qualities. Gray is preferred by people who are reasonable, strict in their self-esteem, who strive to maintain peace of mind but are “afraid to express themselves loudly.”

White color– symbolizes: purification, holiness, purity, the dying of the old and the birth of the new. But, at the same time, “neutral” and “sick leave”. The color is suitable for creating contrast (white-black). The color white is loved by people who want to start a new life, who prefer peace and quiet, and who seek sympathy. It is suitable for people of any character and, when combined with another color, for a business suit.

Black color – personifies elegance, authority and strength, simplicity and good taste. It emphasizes other colors, gives them a deeper sound, but in large quantities it depresses, causes pessimism, and stress. The color is suitable for a formal business lunch, but it will not make you stand out in the crowd; it needs an additional color for contrast.

Why do we interrupt each other?

One of the rules of business communication is as follows: “Don’t interrupt unnecessarily!” But it is precisely this habit that very often acts as a barrier to effective interpersonal interaction. They interrupt each other and professors on TV shows. They even interrupt on TV conferences. The wife interrupts the husband, the husband interrupts the wife, the mother-in-law interrupts the daughter-in-law, the son-in-law interrupts the mother-in-law, the brother interrupts the sister. Why do we interrupt each other? Let's try to understand this issue.

They interrupt because...

· “I'm afraid I'll lose my mind! I'm afraid it will be forgotten my thought, what will be forgotten his thought, I’m not afraid.” They say that one great scientist - as if even Einstein himself - wrote something down in a small notebook. He explained to the curious person that he was writing down a successful thought that came to mind. - Why such a small notebook? - the man did not let up. “But because few successful thoughts come to mind,” Einstein answered.

So, do not be afraid, even if the thought is forgotten, it is less important than the relationship. Moreover, it will not be forgotten if it seems important to you; after a while you will remember it. Valuable thoughts are not forgotten. But if you are still very afraid of losing it, then carry a notepad and a pen with you, so that as soon as a thought arises, and you can’t interrupt, you write it down right away. Your communication partner will think that you are taking notes on his speech, and even if he understands that you are taking notes not on his speech, but on your future speech, you are still his didn't interrupt.

The fear that your partner will not hear your valuable thought right away is also in vain. You will present it to him at another time in a calmer atmosphere, when he is not carried away by the flow of his own thoughts. And he will be ready to perceive it - what you need.

It is also pointless to interrupt. What does the person they are trying to interrupt do? Does he stop and listen to you carefully? No, he speeds up the pace of speech in order to quickly express what he wanted to convey to you, increases the volume, also thinking that you will hear him, that by adding decibels, he will be better understood. But now look what comes of it: You speak together, louder and faster, without listening to each other at all.

· Another reason why we interrupt our partner in communication is the desire to be the first to express an interesting idea. Let your partner want the same. Or maybe it’s better to show nobility and be satisfied, like Socrates, with the fact that you, like him, are the midwife of thought - contribute with your questions to the awakening of thought; and when your partner formulates it first, you will say that you thought so too.

But not only interrupting a partner and not only tough resistance to interruption are conflict-generating. A long monologue in itself, monologue speech, when a person speaks for a long time, listening to himself, although seemingly addressing someone else, is also a conflict generator. A person wants only to be listened to. This often happens. One topic ends, and another begins immediately. And the partner wants to be listened to too. One witty person said to such a talkative subject: “Well, you again entered into a monologue with me.” So, there is no need to engage in a monologue, it is better to engage in dialogue.

It also happens. We don’t interrupt, but we still don’t listen to our partner, and at the same time we are looking for counterarguments, and as soon as the partner falls silent, we immediately interject with our objection. And we try to speak faster and louder, so that while he’s catching his breath, we can blurt out everything in that interval. Or moreover, signs of impatience are shown. We always seem to start by drawing in air, but stop before pronouncing the words. In the described options, we don’t seem to interrupt the interlocutor - does that mean this is neutral behavior? Formally, yes, but in essence, a person understands latently that he is not perceived. If we just wait for a pause to get our word in, then this is still dissatisfaction with our partner’s need to be listened to and understood. Also tension is also, in essence, conflict-generating. We must wait until the person makes it clear that he is now listening.

Let yourself be interrupted.

Even the very thought of this seems unacceptable. “We can’t interrupt, but someone else can interrupt?” There is clear injustice here. Yes. Not fair. But noble. And you look attractive to yourself, to those around you, and to the talkative person himself. Unless you just shut up formally, just to shut up, but really you are all about attention. And even specifically turn your attentive gaze to his eyes. It makes sense to develop the ability to instantly break off at a “quarter-word” as soon as your partner takes a deep breath for a phrase or gives another non-verbal signal of his desire to speak. Letting yourself be interrupted is a very effective psychotechnical technique that allows you to maintain effective interpersonal relationships.

What would you like to see in the next issue of the Psychological Bulletin? We will be happy to answer your questions. We are waiting for suggestions and wishes.

Best wishes

Each color affects our psychological state. Some colors attract attention, others, on the contrary, repel. Therefore, the color of the clothes we wear creates certain psychological sensations from our presence in those around us. By understanding the meanings of colors, you can manage the impression and create.

It should be taken into account that there are various factors influencing the perception of color, such as age, social status, territorial factor, as well as individual psychological characteristics

Blue/light blue color

The blue color inspires trust and creates the impression of seriousness, thoughtfulness and reliability. This is the color of authority; it is no coincidence that the business dress code for men at official business events prescribes wearing a dark blue suit. Blue color calms, but at the same time keeps you in good shape. Represents conservatism. Blue color is conducive to communication. Choose blue clothes when you want to overcome anxiety and excitement. This color is attractive to people of phlegmatic temperament. The combination of blue and white is considered ideal for careerists; this combination develops flexibility and the ability to adapt. This color is necessary if you need to restore balance in life. The most popular corporate color. The color of wisdom. Causes processes in the body that promote relaxation. Blue clothing symbolizes trust and loyalty.

Turquoise

Combines the positive properties of both blue and green colors. It has the ability to strengthen all body systems and gives rise to self-confidence. Wear turquoise to give yourself confidence and strength.

Green color

This is the most comfortable color for visual perception. Green color relieves fatigue and improves tone. The ideal color for gaining strength. This is the color of stability and prosperity and is often chosen by bankers. A dark green suit for men is a sign of conservative views, but at the same time, a small accent of this color in a tie creates the impression of a stubborn person. Light green, on the contrary, personifies youth, lightness and frivolity. In Islam, green is associated with heaven. A symbol of will and self-affirmation. Represents growth and development. Green helps suppress feelings such as jealousy, envy and greed. If you are a stylist-image maker, then be sure to take the course “Psychology for a Stylist”.

Red color

This is dynamics and passion. A woman in a red dress is always noticeable. Red should be worn when you want to attract attention and be in the center of events. But at the same time, if you want to establish contact and win over your interlocutors, it is better to choose softer shades of red, because rich red can not only attract attention, but also psychologically suppress, it is a very authoritarian color. Choleric people love red. In most Asian countries it symbolizes marriage, happiness and prosperity. People in red clothes seem more respectable. At work, too much red can make you nervous. A small element of red in clothing will help emphasize courage and energy. Add this color to your life if you lack enthusiasm and interest in life.

Pink color

The color of tenderness and love. When a girl puts on pink clothes, men awaken the desire to protect and protect her. Evokes tender feelings. Among men, pink is chosen only by the most confident. The color is absolutely not suitable for the business sphere, because it can be associated with naivety and frivolity.

Purple

In ancient times, purple dyes were extremely expensive since they are rarely found in nature, so only members of the royal family could afford purple clothes. Since then, the color has been associated with royal grandeur and respectability. The color purple expands the imagination of creative people.

Orange color

Orange is the color of joy and optimism. Scientists say that prolonged contemplation of the color orange compensates for the daily dose of vitamin C. Orange creates a feeling of well-being and positivity, it gives energy and lifts the mood. This color is not recommended for use in a business environment unless your business is related to creativity. Symbolizes creativity, inspiration, uniqueness and activity. Awakens appetite. Orange rooms are conducive to conversation. This color is clearly visible, which is why it is present in the clothing of road workers. Choose orange clothes when you need to lift your spirits.

Yellow

Just like orange, it lifts your spirits because it is associated with the color of sunshine and joy. Yellow, being a very bright color, always attracts attention. By choosing yellow clothes on a cloudy day, you will ensure a good mood for yourself and those around you. Yellow, like orange, is attractive to sanguine people. Radiant color. Symbolizes intelligence. Yellow in combination with black is considered a sign of danger; most poisonous insects are painted in this color combination. In Japan it is associated with courage. Yellow carries the semantics of change, release and dynamic tendency. It personifies humor; it’s not for nothing that emoticons are colored yellow. Speeds up metabolism. Physiologically, it is the first color recognized by human vision. The visual sensation is brighter and more voluminous than white. An unbalanced person can be driven to extravagant actions by an excess of yellow. Yellow is suitable for those who are insecure and those who need to attract attention. In small quantities it can give vigor and increase concentration. Improves memory. Yellow and purple are considered a mystical combination.

Brown color

Brown color is attractive; it is associatively warm and soft. This color promotes frank conversations. Well suited for a first business meeting or interview, in brown you will give the impression of a respectable, practical, stable and attractive person. This color helps in trade and financial matters. Brown imparts wisdom and the ability to maintain smooth relationships.

Grey colour

A neutral color, it does not evoke strong emotions, therefore it is suitable for a business environment, as it does not distract from concentration on important matters. Gray is the color of balance. Also, if you want to show your willingness to obey the rules, this may be relevant in a new workplace, wear gray. Gray symbolizes calm, regularity, security and maturity. But, at the same time, frequently wearing gray clothes may not have the best effect on your image; you risk appearing as a faceless, withdrawn and uninitiative person. This color is indispensable in situations where you need to take the position of an outside observer, remaining on the sidelines. Native Americans associate this color with honor and friendship, while in Asia it is a symbol of compassion. Gray color is especially pleasant for melancholic people.

White color

Symbol of purity and lightness. Psychologically “quenches” irritation. White clothes are solemn and elegant, since white is a very easily soiled color; unlike other colors, it does not appear so often in everyday wardrobe, so white always attracts special attention. Throughout the world, the white flag is a symbol of reconciliation. A very bright white color can cause a feeling of anxiety and discomfort for some. At the same time, this color promotes clarity and freshness of thought.

Black color

Black color is elegant, but it does not catch the eye and does not stand out from the crowd. Positive associations: sophistication, grace, dignity and mystery. In China, oddly enough, this is a color for young children, in Asia it symbolizes career and knowledge. In Japan it is a rebellious color. Black color strengthens the will and helps to concentrate. Black builds distance, helps to distance oneself, it is chosen by people who communicate a lot, which is why in many stores consultants are dressed in black. Color therapy classifies black as a color that stimulates self-confidence.

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