A.I.Kuprin " Garnet bracelet". Story analysis work system

Creative story.

"Garnet bracelet" has an unusual creative story... Work on the story was in the fall of 1910 in Odessa. At that time, Kuprin often visited the family of the Odessa doctor L. Ya. Maisels and listened to Beethoven's Second Sonata performed by his wife. The musical work so captivated Alexander Ivanovich that the work on the story began with the fact that he wrote down the epigraph. “L. van Beethoven. 2 Son. (op. 2, no. 2). Largo Appassionato ”. Beethoven's sonata "Appassionata", one of the most intense, painful, passionate creations of human genius in music, awakened Kuprin to literary creation. The sounds of the sonata combined in his imagination with the story of light love that he witnessed.“Garnet Bracelet” is a real story that Kuprin heard from his acquaintances while watching family albums. The governor's wife made sketches for the letters that a certain telegraph official sent her, unrequitedly in love with her. One day she received a gift from him: a gilded chain with a pendant in the shape of an Easter egg. Alexander Ivanovich took this story as a basis for his work, turning these meager, uninteresting data into a touching story. The writer replaced the chain with a pendant with a bracelet with five garnets, which, according to King Solomon in one story, means anger, passion and love.

On October 15, 1910, Kuprin wrote about the plot of the story to his friend, critic FD Batyushkov: “This is - do you remember - the sad story of the little telegraph official P. P. Zholtikov, who was so hopelessly, touchingly and selflessly in love with Lyubimov’s wife (D. N. is now the governor of Vilno) ”.(Listening to the "Appassionata" fragment) In the recently published memoirs "In a Foreign Land" by the writer Lev Lyubimov, the son of D. N. Lyubimov, we can read:

“In the period between the first and second marriage, my mother began to receive letters, the author of which, without naming himself and emphasizing that the difference is social status does not allow him to count on reciprocity, he expressed his love for her. These letters were kept in my family for a long time ... An anonymous lover, as it later turned out - Yellow (in Zheltkov's story) wrote that he was serving on the telegraph ... in one letter he reported that under the guise of a floor polisher he entered my mother's apartment and described the situation. The tone of the messages was sometimes lofty, sometimes grumpy. He was angry with my mother, then he thanked her, although she did not react in any way to his explanations ...

At first, these letters amused everyone, but then ... my mother even stopped reading them, and only my grandmother laughed for a long time, opening in the morning another message from a telegraph operator in love. And then there was a denouement: an anonymous correspondent sent my mother a garnet bracelet. My uncle and father went to Yellow. All this took place not in the Black Sea city, like Kuprin's, but in Petersburg. But Yellow, like Zheltkov, really lived on the sixth floor ... huddled in a squalid attic. He was caught compiling another message. Like Kuprinsky Shein, the father was more silent during the explanation, looking “with bewilderment and greedy, serious curiosity in the face of this strange person”. My father told me that he sensed in Yellow some kind of secret, the flame of genuine selfless passion.

Uncle, again like Nikolai Nikolayevich Kuprinsky, got excited, was unnecessarily harsh. Yellow accepted the bracelet and sullenly promised not to write again to my mother. This is how it ended. In any case, we do not know anything about his further fate ”.

Under the pen of the writer, he appears as a sad and tragic story of the life of a little man who was exalted and destroyed by love. This is conveyed through the composition of the piece. It will provide an extensive, unhurried exposition, which introduces us to the exposition of the Sheins' house. The very story of extraordinary love, the story of a garnet bracelet is told in such a way that we see it through the eyes of different people: Prince Vasily, who tells it as an anecdotal case, brother Nikolai, for whom everything in this story is seen as offensive and suspicious, Vera Nikolaevna herself, and, finally , General Anosov, who was the first to suggest that there might be true love, "which women dream about and which men are no longer capable of." The circle to which Vera Nikolaevna belongs cannot admit that this is a real feeling, not so much because of the strangeness of Zheltkov's behavior, so much because of the prejudices that dominate them. Kuprin, wishing to convince us, readers, of the authenticity of Zheltkov's love, resorts to the most irrefutable argument - the hero's suicide. Thus, the right of the little man to happiness is affirmed, but the motive of his moral superiority over the people who so cruelly insulted him, who failed to understand the power of feeling, which was the whole meaning of his life, arises. Kuprin's story is both sad and light. It is permeated by a musical beginning - a piece of music is indicated as an epigraph - and the story ends with a scene when the heroine listens to music at a tragic moment of moral insight for her. The text of the work includes the theme of the inevitability of the death of the protagonist - it is conveyed through the symbolism of light: at the moment of receiving the bracelet, Vera Nikolaevna sees red stones in it and with anxiety thinks that they look like blood. Finally, the story raises the theme of the collision of various cultural traditions: the theme of the East - the Mongolian blood of the father of Vera and Anna, a Tatar prince, introduces the theme of love - passion, recklessness into the story; the mention that the sisters' mother is an Englishwoman introduces the theme of rationality, dispassion in the sphere of feelings, the power of reason over the heart. In the final part of the story, a third line appears: it is no coincidence that the landlady turns out to be a Catholic. This introduces into the work the theme of love-admiration, which is surrounded by the Mother of God in Catholicism, love-self-sacrifice. Hero of A. Kuprin, small man, collides with the world of misunderstanding around him, the world of people for whom love is a kind of madness, and, faced with it, dies

Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is a Russian writer who, no doubt, can be attributed to the classics. His books are still recognizable and loved by the reader, and not only under the compulsion of a school teacher, but at a conscious age. A distinctive feature of his work is documentary, his stories were based on real events, or real events became the impetus for their creation - among them the story "Garnet Bracelet".

2. Analytical conversation of a comparative nature.

- We saw that A. I. Kuprin's story has a real basis. Why do you think Kuprin artistically transformed real story? (Departing from the true events, Kuprin managed to create a work full of great generalizations. Based on the basis of his story "an incident from life" and slightly changing it, the author was able to achieve typification. And thus he defended his right as a writer to be an artist, and not just a reporter life).

- Concluding the story with a tragic denouement, Kuprin wanted to highlight the power of great love, "which repeats itself only once in a thousand years." Do you think the writer achieved his plan?

3. Work of an analytical nature on the text of the work.

and) Analytical work on the genre correlation of the work. Conversations with students about:

– It is difficult to determine the genre of the "Garnet Bracelet". In fact, the work is called a story, largely due to its composition: it consists of thirteen short chapters. However, the writer himself called the "Garnet Bracelet" a story.A short story is called
a narrative work dedicated to some particular event in a person's life, without a detailed depiction of what happened to him before and after this event).

–The following parts can be distinguished in the composition of the story: exposition, beginning, culmination, denouement).

The composition of the story includes the following parts:

1. Exposition is an introductory part (optional part), which at the initial stage of the analysis of a work of art helps to answer a number of questions:where? when ? what's happening? and gives an initial idea of \u200b\u200bthe characters in action.
2. The tie is the event from which the action begins.
3. Development of action.
4. The culmination is the highest point in the development of the action.
5. Decline in action.
6. Decoupling is the event that ends the action.

Likewise, any story, as well as other fiction of a small epic form, can be represented in the following graphical diagram:

b) Analytical work on the plot and composition of the story.

Composition is the construction, structure of a work of art: selection and sequence of image elements, techniques, creation of an artistic whole in accordance with the author's intention. The elements of the composition include: epigraphs, dedications, inserted episodes, letters, songs, prologues, epilogues, parts, chapters, all artistic descriptions, portraits, landscapes, interiors.

The story begins with an epigraph, which is the title of Beethoven's sonata, and ends with a description of the pianist Jenny Reiter's playing, who plays this sonata. This is a framing composition or circular.

The order of the plot elements is not out of order. Exposition - landscape sketches, acquaintance with the Shein family, a story about the upcoming holiday.It “plunges” the reader into artistic time and artistic space: it gives an initial idea of \u200b\u200btime, the place of action, and the hero). Landscape at the beginning of the work, presentation of guests. Kuprin does not describe anyone in detail, does not give an assessment to anyone, he only characterizes each of the guests with individual strokes. There is a "fat, ugly huge" Speshnikov, Anna's husband "with rotten teeth on the face of his skull", "prematurely old, thin Ponomarev. Of all the guests, General Anosov stands out - a friend of Vera and Anna's father. A wise man. The long exposition is justified by the fact that showing high society, the writer will later tell us that the tragedy did not occur because Zheltkov did not belong to this society and not because he squandered public money. But because Vera asked him to "finish this story."

Tie comes at the moment Vera receives a gift from Zheltkov - a garnet bracelet. From this moment, events begin to develop.

Development of events - a story about the name day, the search for the addressee of the gift, a meeting with Zheltkov.

The culmination is Zheltkov's admission that only death will kill his feelings.

The denouement is the death of Zheltkov and the story of how Vera listens to the sonata.

- What at this moment do we learn about the main character of the story? How does the author characterize it?

- What is their role? How do the characters of the heroes of the story appear in these episodes?

- What is the artistic function of detailing individual moments?

- What episode of the story can be designated as the culminating one? Why?

- How does the story end? What episode of the story is the plot of the story?

- What mood will the ending of the story be filled with? What role does music play in creating this mood? (The finale of the story is elegiac, imbued with a sense of light sadness, and tragedy. Zheltkov dies, but Princess Vera awakens to life, she discovered something previously inaccessible, that same “great love that repeats itself once in a thousand years.” The heroes “loved each other for only one thing an instant, but forever. ”Music played an important role in the awakening of Vera's soul: through the music her soul seemed to be united with the soul of Zheltkov).

Features in the composition of the story "Garnet Bracelet"

Features of the composition of the work are manifested both at the formal and semantic level. The entire work is ringed by references to the same piece of music - the Beethoven sonata. First, A. Kuprin turns the reader to Beethoven's sonnet through an epigraph. In the final it turns out that musical masterpiece plays the role of a symbol. With the help of this symbolic image, a frame is created that enhances the ideological sound. Thus, the music, "sounding" throughout the story, shows the power of love and is the key to understanding the text, heard in the final lines. Music communicates the unsaid. Moreover, it is Beethoven's sonata at the climax that symbolizes the awakening of Vera Nikolaevna's soul and the realization that comes to her. This attention to melody is also a manifestation of romanticism.

Kuprin is characterized by a love of plots within plots. Zheltkov's note on the qualities of decoration is a plot in a plot.

The author has woven love stories into the canvas of the main events, which also help the reader to understand the meaning of love in human life.. These are love stories told by Anosov. Kuprin needed these stories to show that true love needs no less strength than heroic deeds. And it was the general who felt the authenticity of Zheltkov's love.

The author shows love from different points of view - love by general concepts and unrequited feelings of Zheltkov. These feelings have no future: marital status Vera Nikolaevna, difference in social status, circumstances - everything is against them. This doom reveals the subtle romanticism that the writer put into the text of the story.

A detailed description of the interior helps us to define the character of Zheltkov (“The black staircase smelled of mice ...). The dialogue makes it possible to trace that at the beginning of the scene, Yolkov is depressed, confused. He is attacked by Bulat-Tuganovsky. But Nikolai Nikolayevich gave a hint of his intention to appeal to the authorities, and the conversation immediately took on a different character. After this phrase, Zheltkov does not notice Nikolai Nikolaevich, and the stupid threat makes him laugh. Now he only speaks to Shein. Zheltkov promised Nikolai Nikolaevich, Shein and Vera to leave, to leave. He fulfilled his promise. The finale of the story is imbued with a sense of light sadness, not tragedy. Zheltkov dies, but Vera awakens to life: the very love that happens once in a thousand years was revealed to her. (Sounds the 2nd dream. Beethoven).

in) Analytical work on the subject of the story "Garnet Bracelet".

- How did you define the theme of AI Kuprin's story “Garnet Bracelet”? What topics does the author raise in his work? (The topic of interhuman relations; the author examines such topics as: the topic of love, friendship, the topic of hatred, selfishness, callousness. In addition, the author also addresses the topic of the "little man".main topic works "Garnet Bracelet" - this is undoubtedly the theme of unrequited love. Moreover, Zheltkov is a vivid example of disinterested, sincere, sacrificial feelings that he does not betray, even when his loyalty cost his life. Princess Sheina also fully feels the power of these emotions: after years she realizes that she wants to be loved and love again - and the jewelry presented by the Zheltkovs marks the imminent appearance of passion. Indeed, soon she falls in love with life again and feels it in a new way.

The theme of love in the story is frontal and permeates the entire text: this love is high and pure, a manifestation of God. Vera Nikolaevna feels internal changes even after Zheltkov's suicide - she learned the sincerity of a noble feeling and a willingness to sacrifice herself for the sake of someone who will give nothing in return. Love changes the character of the whole story: the princess's feelings die, wither, fall asleep, being once passionate and hot, and have turned into a strong friendship with her husband. But Vera Nikolaevna in her heart still continues to strive for love, even if it dulled over time: she needed time to let passion and sensuality come out, but before that her calmness could seem indifferent and cold - this puts a high wall for Zheltkov.

The image of Zheltkov helps to reveal this theme, which is traditional for Russian literature. There is no sharp criticism of bourgeois society in Pomegranate Bracelet. The dominant classes are outlined in soft colors. But in comparison with the enormous feeling of the little official Zheltkov, the hardening of the soul of people who consider themselves superior to Zheltkov is revealed. Nikolai Nikolaevich Bulat-Tuganovsky in the story appears as a person who symbolizes everything bad that happens in the aristocracy. An official with a funny surname Zheltkov, quiet and inconspicuous, not only grows into a tragic hero, but with the power of his love rises above the petty vanity, life comforts, decency. He turns out to be a man who is in no way inferior in nobility to aristocrats. Love elevated him. Love became suffering, the only meaning of his life). For the first time he saw Vera Nikolaevna in the circus many years ago, and since then the suddenly flared up feelings have not faded away: even her brother's threats do not stop him. Nevertheless, Zheltkov does not want to torment his beloved, and he decides to end his life by suicide so as not to bring shame on her.

d) The role of symbolic images in the story. Poetry of feeling and words.

The composition of the story implies the presence of symbols and hidden meanings.In "The Garnet Bracelet" Kuprin creates several symbolic images on which the foundation of the narrative is built, and which carry the whole ideological meaning story. Beginning of the piece:There are thirteen chapters in the story, and this, of course, is not accidental. First of all, the tragedy of the events is emphasized. In the thirteenth chapter comes the emotional climax of the work. The symbolism of the number 13 is multivalued, has many interpretations. We have the right to offer the following: the protagonistwho went through suffering, purified himself, reached the heights of love - for Kuprin this is a holy person (which is also emphasized by his characteristic appearance). He becomes the thirteenth apostle of Christ - the symbol of eternal, all-embracing love.

The significance of the symbolic details - harbingers of misfortune - is very great in the story. The first one is a gift from her husband, pearl earrings. Pearls have long been considered "tears of the sea", and this symbolism is emphasized by the pear-shaped (ie drop-shaped) shape of the earrings. Sister Anna presents a notebook converted from an antique prayer book. They will pray when the time comes to service the deceased; Zheltkov's letters and especially his last imaginary, "beyond the grave" monologue to the tragic music of Beethoven also resemble supplications.

The pomegranate bracelet plays the main role, hence the name of the story. The decoration symbolizes true love. There are five precious stones in the bracelet. In one of the parables of King Solomon, they meant love, passion and anger. Vera Nikolaevna receives it on the name day of September 17 from an unknown to her young man... “It was gold, low-grade, very thick, but puffy, and from the outside it was completely covered with small, old, poorly polished garnets. But on the other hand, in the middle of the bracelet rose, surrounding some old little green pebble, five beautiful cabochon garnet, each the size of a pea. When Vera, with a random movement, successfully turned the bracelet in front of the fire of an electric light bulb, then in them, deep along their smooth egg-shaped surface, suddenly charming dense red living lights lit up. "Like blood!" - thought Vera with unexpected alarm. Stones flare up "like blood", heralding death. In the middle of the red pomegranates is a nondescript green pebble.).

As we learn from the letter accompanying the gift, this is a rare variety of pomegranate - green, which, according to legend, gives women the gift of foresight. Indeed, Vera begins to anticipate events. At first, this is expressed only in the fact that she notes with displeasure the number of guests gathered - thirteen, an unlucky number, a harbinger of grief. (At this point, the reader has a latent feeling that there is no one among the audience to whom Vera is very dear.) But after Vasily Lvovich returned from Zheltkov, she directly says: “... I know that this person will kill himself ... ". The face of the deceased reminds her of the death masks of great sufferers - she comprehends his tortured soul and feels that great love has passed her by. Returning from the deceased, she asks her friend-pianist to play her something. And he has no doubt that now the chords of the work bequeathedThe interpretation of the meaning of the title of the story will be incomplete without taking into account the symbolic component. Beethoven's sonata also attracts special attention, which in this context can be interpreted as a symbol of unhappy but eternal love.to her by Zheltkov.

"In the middle of August ..." can be called the first symbol. After the bad weather "Quiet, cloudless days immediately came ..." I believe that this change is the very fateful and sublime that is in the love described in the story. The image of Princess Vera is symbolic. The writer describes her as an independent, cold and calm beauty.

Another very impressive episode where Vera cuts flowers for the festive table. Here she appears against the background of flowers. Of all the flowers, dahlias, peonies and asters were selected and placed in the center of the fragment. The union “on the other hand” contrasts them with levkoy and roses, “blooming less luxuriantly”, “cold” and “arrogant”. The word "others" at the beginning of the next sentence again distinguishes them from the series - this time on the basis of sterility. All other flowers not only bloomed, but also gave seeds, they knew the love and joy of motherhood, autumn for them is not only a time of dying, but also the beginning of a future life. “Human motives” in the description of flowers prepare the characterization of the heroine herself. Here we read: "Vera went ... to her mother," a beautiful Englishwoman ... "" a tall, flexible figure, gentle, but proud and cold face ... "These definitions bind Vera, who has no children, and the passion for her husband already long gone, with beautiful but sterile flowers. She is not just among them - it seems that she is one of them. The withering garden implies the fading passion of Vera Nikolaevna.

Gifts from her husband and Zheltkov are symbolic. The husband presented earrings - two scattered objects with pearls - a symbol of tears and sorrow, and Zheltkov - a bracelet - a thing closed in a ring, with red and green stones. The symbols include an unlucky number: 13 guests, and a rose (only two people in the story are honored with roses - General Anosov and Zheltkov, the latter posthumously). And the sister's gift is an old prayer book, and music, and, of course, part of the prayer "Our Father". Such powerful symbols as Pushkin and Napoleon also appear! Another image is unobtrusively elusively present - Prince Myshkin.

The title of part of Beethoven's second sonata is also included in the epigraph of the work, and is mentioned twice in the text. Obviously, for Kuprin, only to this music can an irrational monologue be heard in Vera's soul, which is uttered by a dead person. The majestic melody, combined with beautiful words, soothes the soul of the heroine, gives her the understanding that the deceased is infinitely grateful to her. This is the highest emotional point of the work, the catharsis of the heroine, the birth of a new pure soul. And the story ends with her words: “... he has forgiven me now. All is well".

What is the author's idea expressed in the story? (A special case poeticized by A. I. Kuprin. The author tells about love, which, in his opinion, repeats itself "only once in a thousand years."The work developsidea that true love does not disappear from the heart without a trace.The basic idea - sincere love exists, you just need to be able to notice and accept it.

Kuprin was close to the theme of the character's awareness of the truth of life. He saw the world around him in a special way and strove to learn something new, his works are characterized by drama, a certain anxiety, excitement. "Cognitive pathos" - this is called the hallmark of his work.

In many ways, Dostoevsky influenced Kuprin's work, especially in the early stages, when he writes about fatal and significant moments, the role of chance, the psychology of the characters' passion - often the writer makes it clear that not everything is understandable.

We can say that one of the features of Kuprin's work is a dialogue with readers, in which the plot is traced and reality is depicted - this is especially noticeable in his essays, which, in turn, were influenced by G. Uspensky.

How is love depicted in the story? The inner proximity of Zheltkov and Vera Nikolaevna.

The unrequited love of a petty official Zheltkov for Princess Vera Nikolaevna Sheina lasts for eight years. He writes letters to her, but her husband makes fun of them, and her brother is indignant. But General Anosov believes that love should be strong, which "contains the whole meaning of life." Anosov says that this feeling should be neither frivolous, nor primitive, nor selfish.

When Vera received the letter and the gift, she experienced unpleasant feelings. Kuprin writes as follows: "displeasure", "unpleasant feeling", "sorry for this unfortunate man," "I was alarmed," and in the finale, after the death of the hero, "she opened the letter with tenderness." With the sounds of Beethoven's sonata, the heroine experiences spiritual unity with the person who gave her his soul and life. She speaks in her thoughts the words that only he could utter.

True love in Kuprin's understanding is the greatest cleansing power that transforms every hero. This sublime feeling can overcome even death.

IA Bunin said: "Any love is great happiness, even if it is not shared." Do you think so too?

Anosov in Chapter 8 says: "Love must be a tragedy." What do you think?

Is there a moral choice problem in the story? (Zheltkov loves a married woman, for the sake of love violates family tradition, abandoned everything in his life - his career, his family, he is not interested in anything. ...)

How to understand the words of KG Paustovsky: “The garnet bracelet” is one of the fragrant stories about love - and the saddest ”?

Love, according to Kuprin, "is always a tragedy, always a struggle and achievement, always joy and fear, resurrection and death." The tragedy of love, the tragedy of life only emphasize their beauty. We can say that the “Pomegranate Bracelet” expressed Kuprin's own dream of an ideal, unearthly feeling. AI Kuprin wrote that he strove “to show the spiritually transforming, enlightening power of the all-consuming feeling of love”).

So, the story "Pomegranate Bracelet", in addition to aesthetic pleasure, allows you to understand the bitter truth that often people pass by a great and sincere human feeling and do not notice it. And now the words of General Anosov also sound prophetically: "Maybe your path, Vera, has crossed exactly the kind of love that women dream about and which men are no longer capable of", and Zheltkov: "Hallowed be Thy Name." And the story of A.I. Kuprin allows us to hear these words from eternity. He brilliantly chose precise and capacious means artistic expressionthat helped him to realize his original idea as much as possible.

Main characters (characteristic)

Zheltkov worked as a minor official in the control chamber (the author placed him there to emphasize that the main character was a small person). Kuprin does not even indicate his name in the work: only letters are signed with initials. Zheltkov is exactly what the reader imagines a low-ranking person: thin, pale-skinned, straightening his jacket with nervous fingers. He has gentle features, blue eyes. According to the story, Zheltkov is about thirty years old, he is not rich, modest, decent and noble - even Vera Nikolaevna's husband notes this. The elderly mistress of his room says that for all the eight years that he lived with her, he became like a family for her, and he was very nice to talk to. "... Eight years ago I saw you in the circus in a box, and then in the first second I said to myself: I love her because there is nothing like her in the world, there is nothing better ..." - this is how it begins modern fairy tale about Zheltkov's feelings for Vera Nikolaevna, although he never cherished hopes that they would be mutual: "... seven years of hopeless and polite love ...". He knows the address of his beloved, what she does, where she spends time, what she puts on - he admits that he is not interested in anything but her and is not happy.

1. Vera Nikolaevna Sheina inherited her mother's appearance: a tall, stately aristocrat with a proud face. Her character is strict, uncomplicated, calm, she is polite and courteous, kind to everyone. She has been married to Prince Vasily Shein for over six years, together they are full-fledged members of high society, arrange balls and receptions, despite financial difficulties.
2. Vera Nikolaevna has a sister, the younger one, Anna Nikolaevna Friesse, who, unlike her, inherited the features of her father and his Mongolian blood: a narrow cut of the eyes, femininity of features, flirtatious facial expressions. Her character is frivolous, perky, cheerful, but contradictory. Her husband, Gustav Ivanovich, is rich and stupid, but adores her and is always nearby: his feelings, it seems, have not changed from the first day, he courted her and still adored her very much. Anna Nikolaevna cannot stand her husband, but they have a son and a daughter, she is faithful to him, although she treats him rather contemptuously.
3. General Anosov is Anna's godfather, his full name - Yakov Mikhailovich Anosov. He is obese and tall, good-natured, patient, hears poorly, he has a large, red face with clear eyes, he is highly respected over the years of his service, fair and courageous, has a clear conscience, wears a frock coat and a cap all the time, uses a hearing horn and a stick.
4. Prince Vasily Lvovich Shein is the husband of Vera Nikolaevna. Little is said about his appearance, only that he has blond hair and a big head. He is very gentle, compassionate, sensitive - he treats Zheltkov's feelings with understanding, is unshakably calm. He has a sister, a widow, whom he invites to the celebration.

Some of his works are famous for lightness and spontaneity, poeticization of reality, naturalness and naturalness. Others - the theme of inhumanity and protest, the struggle for feelings. At some point, he begins to be interested in history, antiquity, legends, and so fantastic plots are born with motives of the inevitability of chance and fate.

One of the most famous works of tragic love in Russian literature, in which Kuprin explores "love-tragedy", shows its origins and the role of this feeling in a person's life, and this research is carried out against a socio-psychological background, which largely determines everything that happens with heroes, but cannot fully explain the phenomenon of love as a feeling, which, according to the writer, is beyond the bounds of causal relationships that are understandable to reason, depending on a certain higher will.

The creative story of the story "Garnet Bracelet", which we will analyze, is widely known: its heroes are not invented, each of them has prototypes, and the "story with the bracelet" itself actually took place in the family of a prominent official, Prince D.N. Lyubimov (member of the State Council), whose wife Lyudmila Ivanovna was presented with a vulgar "garnet bracelet" by a well-aimed telegraph official P. P. Zheltkov; This gift was insulting, the donor was easily identified, and after a conversation with Lyudmila Ivanovna's husband and brother (in the story - Nikolai Nikolaevich) he disappeared from her life forever. All this is true, but after all, Kuprin heard this story back in 1902, and the story was written in 1910 ... Obviously, the writer took time for the first impressions of what he heard to be embodied in artistic imagesso that the story from life (rather funny as presented by DN Lyubimov ...) turns into a truly tragic story of sublime love, "which women dream about and which men are no longer capable of."

The plot of the story "The Pomegranate Bracelet" is simple: on her birthday, Vera Nikolaevna Sheina, "the wife of the leader of the nobility", receives a pomegranate bracelet sent by her old admirer since her maiden years, informs her husband about it, and he, under the influence of her brother, goes to the mysterious "G. S. Zh.", demand from him to stop persecuting a married woman who belongs to high society, he asks permission to call Vera Nikolaevna, after which he promises to leave her alone - and the next day she learns about that he shot himself. As you can see, outwardly history almost repeats life, only in life, fortunately, the ending was not so tragic. However, psychologically, everything is much more complicated, Kuprin did not describe, but creatively reworked a case from life.

First of all, it is necessary to dwell on the conflict of the story "Garnet Bracelet". Here we see an external conflict - between the world of "high society", to which the heroine belongs, and the world of petty officials, they "are not supposed" to feel any feelings in relation to women like Vera Nikolaevna - and Zheltkov has been selflessly even say, selflessly loves her. Here are the origins of an internal conflict: love, it turns out, can become for a person the meaning of life, what he lives for and what he serves, and everything else - "in Zheltkov's way" - are just unnecessary things for a person, distracting him from the main thing in his life's purpose is to serve a loved one. It is easy to see that both the external and internal conflicts of the work become the main way of revealing the characters of the characters, who manifest themselves in how they relate to love, how they understand the nature of this feeling and its place in the life of every person.

Probably, the author expresses his understanding of what love is in the words of General Anosov, which he said at Vera Nikolaevna's birthday: "Love must be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world! No life comforts, calculations and compromises should touch it." The author's position in moral terms, indeed, is uncompromising, and in the story "The Garnet Bracelet" Kuprin explores why such love (and it exists in life, the author convinces the reader of this!) Is doomed.

To understand the events taking place in the story, you need to understand what kind of relationship Vera Nikolaevna and Vasily Lvovich Sheinykh have. At the very beginning of the story, the author says about this: "Princess Vera, whose former passionate love for her husband has long since passed into a feeling of strong, faithful, sincere friendship ..." This is very important: the heroes know what true love is, but only in their life, it so happened that their feeling was reborn into friendship, which is probably also necessary in the relationship of spouses, but not instead of love? .. But the one who himself experienced the feeling of love can understand another person, the one who loves - unlike people who did not know in life what it is - true love, that is why Prince Vasily Lvovich behaves so unusually, whose wife received such a compromising, if not insulting (this is how Vera's brother, Nikolai Nikolaevich Tuganovsky , who insisted on a visit to Zheltkov) congratulations.

On the name day stage, after which the conversation between the Sheins and Nikolai Nikolaevich took place, it is necessary to dwell in more detail because it is very important for understanding the role that, as the author believes, love plays in a person's life. After all, quite prosperous people gathered at Princess Vera's name-day, who seem to be "all right" in life, but why are they talking so enthusiastically about this feeling - about love? Maybe because the love of the Shein spouses turned into "friendship", Anna Nikolaevna could not stand her "husband ... but gave birth to two children from him - a boy and a girl ..."? Because any person, no matter what he says about love, secretly believes in it and expects that in his life there will be this bright feeling that changes life? ..

An interesting compositional technique that Kuprin uses, creating the image of Zheltkov: this hero appears almost at the very end of the story, appears as if for a moment (conversation with guests), in order to disappear forever, but his appearance was prepared by the story with the gift, and a story about his relationship to Princess Vera, so it seems to the reader that he has known this hero for a long time. And yet, the real Zheltkov turns out to be completely unlike the "hero in love", as the reader's imagination may have painted him: "Now he became all visible: very pale, with a gentle girlish face, with blue eyes and a stubborn child's chin with a dimple in the middle ; he must have been about thirty, thirty-five years old. " At first he feels very uncomfortable, but this is precisely that awkwardness, he is not afraid of his distinguished guests, and finally he calms down when Nikolai Nikolaevich begins to threaten him. This happens because he feels protected by his love, her, love, cannot be taken away from him, this feeling that determines his life, and it will remain with him until the end of this life.

After Zheltkov receives permission from Prince Shein and goes to call Vera Nikolaevna, Nikolai Nikolaevich reproaches a relative for his indecision, to which Vasily Lvovich replies: "Indeed, think, Kolya, is he really to blame for love and how can such a feeling be controlled, like love - with a feeling that has not yet found an interpreter for itself ... I feel sorry for this person, and not only that I feel sorry for, but now I feel that I am present at some tremendous tragedy of my soul, and I cannot here to clown about. " For Nikolai Nikolaevich, what is happening is "This is decadence", but Vasily Lvovich, who knows what love is, feels completely differently, and his heart turns out to be more accurate in understanding what is happening ... It is no coincidence that Zheltkov in conversation only addressed Prince Vasily , and the highest wisdom of their conversation was that both spoke the language of love ...

Zheltkov passed away, but before his death he sent a letter to a woman, for whose peace he gladly decided to take this step. In this letter, he explains what exactly happened to him: "I tested myself - this is not a disease, not a manic idea - this is love with which God was pleased to reward me for something." So he gave the answer to the question that tormented Princess Vera: "And what was it: love or madness?" A very convincing, irrefutable answer, because it was given the way Zheltkov did, the price of this answer is a person's life ...

The fact that Zheltkov truly loves Princess Vera, says, among other things, that even by his death he made her happy. The fact that he forgave her - although what is her fault? .. In that "that love that every woman dreams of passed her by"? But if this happened, was it not so fated from above, as his tragic love was sent to Zheltkov? Maybe true love, as General Anosov said, is always tragic - and this is what determines its authenticity?

The tragic ending of the story "Garnet Bracelet" does not leave a feeling of hopelessness - no matter what! After all, if true love exists in the world, then it makes people happy, no matter what they have to go through? Zheltkov died happy because he could do something for his beloved woman, can he be judged for this? Vera Nikolaevna is happy because "he has forgiven me now. Everything is fine." How much this tragic fate of the heroes is "more human" than life without love, how much they, suffering and suffering, are spiritually higher and humanly happier than those who did not know true feelings in their lives! Truly, Kuprin's story is a hymn to love, without which it makes life life ...

One cannot fail to mention the stunning artistic detail that is the central metaphor of the story. In the description of the bracelet there are the following lines: “But in the middle of the bracelet there were five beautiful cabochon garnets, each the size of a pea, surrounding some strange little green pebble”. This "strange little green stone" is also a garnet, only this is a rare garnet of an unusual color, which not everyone can recognize, especially against the background of "beautiful cabochon garnets". In the same way, Zheltkov's love is the most real, only very rare, feeling that is just as difficult to recognize as a pomegranate in a small green stone. But because people are not able to understand what opens up to their eyes, the pomegranate does not cease to be a pomegranate, and love does not cease to be love ... They are, they exist, and it is not their fault that people are simply not ready for meeting with them ... Probably, this is one of the main lessons of the tragic story told by Kuprin: you need to be very careful about yourself, people, your own and other people's feelings, so that when "God rewards" a person with love, you can see, understand and preserve this great feeling.

K. Paustovsky called this story a "fragrant" work of love, and researchers compared it with Beethoven's sonata. We are talking about A. Kuprin's "Garnet Bracelet". Schoolchildren meet him in the 11th grade. The story captivates the reader with a gripping plot, deep images and an original interpretation of the eternal theme of love. We offer an analysis of the work, which will be a good assistant in preparing for the lesson and the exam. For convenience, the article contains a brief and full analysis of the plan.

Brief analysis

Year of writing - 1910

History of creation A. Kuprin was inspired to write a work by a story heard in a family of acquaintances.

Subject- The story reveals the traditional themes of unrequited love, a sincere feeling that all women dream of.

Composition- The semantic and formal organization of the story has features. The work begins with an epigraph to Beethoven's Sonata No. 2. The same musical masterpiece acts as a symbol in the final part. The author has intertwined small love stories told by Vasily Lvovich into the canvas of the main plot. The story consists of 13 parts.

Genre- A story. The writer himself considered his work a story.

Direction- Realism.

History of creation

The story of the creation of the story is connected with real events. A. Kuprin was a friend of the Governor Lyubimov's family. While watching the family album, the Lyubimovs told Alexander Ivanovich an interesting love story. A telegraph official was in love with the governor's wife. The woman collected his letters and made sketches for them. Once she received a gift from an admirer: a gilded chain and a pendant in the shape of an Easter egg.

Work on the work began in September 1910, as evidenced by the author's letters to his pen colleagues. First, Alexander Ivanovich was going to write a story. But how much he was inspired by the artistic transformation of the story he heard, that the work turned out to be much more than it was intended. Kuprin created "Garnet Bracelet" for about 3 months. He wrote to Batyushkov about the progress of the work. In one of his letters, the writer admitted that he had difficulties associated with his "ignorance of music." Nevertheless, Alexander Ivanovich treasured the "Garnet Bracelet" very much, therefore he did not want to "crumple" it.

For the first time the work saw the world on the pages of the magazine "Earth" in 1911. The criticism of the work focused on his ideas and expressive "psychological situations".

Subject

To capture the ideological sound of the story "Garnet Bracelet", its analysis should begin with a description of the main problem.

The motive of love has always been common in literature. The masters of the pen revealed different facets of this feeling, trying to understand how it affects a person. In the work of A. Kuprin, this motive takes pride of place. main topic "Garnet Bracelet" - unrequited love. The problematic of the work is dictated by the indicated topic.

The events of the story unfold at the Sheinykh dacha. The author begins the work with landscape sketches. The end of summer did not please with good weather, but in early September nature compensated for the gloomy August with sunny days. Reading the work further, it is easy to guess that the landscapes not only help to immerse oneself in the dacha atmosphere, but also symbolize the changes in the life of the main character Vera Nikolaevna Sheina: her life with her husband was gray and boring until the woman received an unusual gift.

At the beginning of the work, the reader observes only two heroes - the Shein spouses. The author focuses on the fact that the love between these people faded away, or rather, "passed into a feeling of lasting, faithful, true friendship."

The system of images is supplemented in the episode reproducing the celebration of the princess's name day.

The holiday is remembered for the stories of Prince Vasily Lvovich about the telegraph operator's unrequited love for his wife. On the same day Vera Nikolaevna received a garnet bracelet and a letter signed with initials as a gift. The woman told about a strange gift to her husband, father's friend and brother. They decided to track down the author of the letter.

It turned out that the gift was presented by an official Zheltkov, who was in love with the princess. Vera Nikolaevna's brother returned the bracelet to the man. After an explanation with the Sheina, Zheltkov committed suicide. He left a note to his beloved, in which he asked to play Beethoven's sonata if Vera remembered him. In the evening, the woman fulfilled the request of the deceased and finally felt that the man had forgiven her.

"Garnet Bracelet" is filled with reflections on love, coming off the lips of the heroes. These thoughts are like keys to a door, behind which are hidden answers about the essence of a tender, but sometimes ruthless feeling. However, the author is not trying to impose his point of view. The reader must draw the conclusions himself. To understand what the writer teaches, you need to analyze the actions of the characters, their characters and fates.

A. Kuprin's work is filled with symbols. Main role plays a garnet bracelet, hence the title of the story. The decoration symbolizes true love. There are five precious stones in the bracelet. In one of the parables of King Solomon, they meant love, passion and anger. The interpretation of the meaning of the title of the story will be incomplete without taking into account the symbolic component. Beethoven's sonata also attracts special attention, which in this context can be interpreted as a symbol of unhappy but eternal love.

The work develops ideathat true love does not disappear from the heart without a trace. The basic idea - sincere love exists, you just need to be able to notice and accept it.

Composition

Features of the composition of the work are manifested both at the formal and semantic level. First, A. Kuprin turns the reader to Beethoven's sonnet through an epigraph. In the finale, it turns out that the musical masterpiece plays the role of a symbol. With the help of this symbolic image, a frame is created that enhances the ideological sound.

The order of the plot elements is not out of order. The exposition - landscape sketches, acquaintance with the Shein family, a story about the upcoming holiday. The beginning is Vera Nikolaevna's receiving a gift. Development of events - a story about the name day, the search for the addressee of the gift, a meeting with Zheltkov. The culmination is Zheltkov's admission that only death will kill his feelings. The denouement is the death of Zheltkov and the story of how Vera listens to the sonata.

main characters

Genre

The "Garnet Bracelet" genre is a story. Several storylines are revealed in the work, the system of images is quite branched. In terms of volume, it also approaches the story. A. Kuprin was a representative of realism, and the analyzed story was written in this direction. It is based on real events, in addition, the author expressively conveyed the atmosphere of his era.

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Many literary scholars recognize Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin as a master of short stories. His works, telling about love, are written in an exquisite style and contain a subtle Russian person. The Garnet Bracelet is no exception. We will analyze this story in the article.

Summary

The Russian writer took a real story as the basis of the story. A telegraph official, hopelessly in love with the wife of a governor, once presented her with a gift - a gilded

main character of the story, Princess Sheina also receives a gift from a secret admirer - a garnet bracelet. first of all, it must be done based on the character of this girl. The note that the admirer attached to the jewelry says that such a green pomegranate is able to bring the gift of foresight to its owner. It is important to note that this stone is a symbol of passion and love.

An analysis of this work helped to understand that love can be an unselfish and high feeling. The only pity is that, according to Kuprin himself, not every person is prepared to meet this. And it happens once every millennium.

The prose of Alexander Kuprin occupies a significant place in Russian literature at the turn of the twentieth and nineteenth centuries. His works reveal to readers a simple human life, the human soul itself, and are also an important testimony to the customs and life of that era. The most famous novel of the writer "The Garnet Bracelet" fully demonstrates to us the skill of the writer, which immortalized his name, glorifying him throughout the Russian Empire. The many-wise Lytrecon offers you an analysis of it.

The history of writing the story "Garnet Bracelet" is very interesting facts that reveal to the reader the author's intention and motives of Kuprin:

1. The plot of the story is based on real events. In 1910, a certain D.N. Lyubimov, Kuprin's acquaintance, told the writer a story about how an official named Zheltikov fell in love with his wife and sent her love letters for a long time and persistently, and once gave her a pomegranate bracelet.
2. In the Lyubimov family, Zheltikov's love was taken with humor. They even started a separate album, which collected all the letters of the unlucky boyfriend, supplied with funny drawings. However, Kuprin himself took this story very seriously and began work on a new work, which was completed a year later.
3. Vera Sheina's prototype is Lyudmila Ivanovna Lyubimova. Women are very similar in appearance and character, so the author has achieved maximum reliability. She also had a sister (Elena Ivanovna Nitte) and a brother (Nikolai Ivanovich Tugan-Baranovsky)
4. The creation of the "Garnet Bracelet" was hard for the author. In letters to friends and acquaintances, he complained about the difficulties of work: “Now I am writing Bracelet, but it’s badly given. The main reason is my ignorance in music ... Yes, and a secular tone! .. "(letter to FD Batyushkov, November 21, 1910). In addition, financial difficulties plagued the author.

kuprin's quote

Direction and genre

Kuprin's story "The Garnet Bracelet" was created within the framework of the realistic trend in literature. The writer seeks to reliably reflect the surrounding reality. His characters, their actions and remarks look as lively and natural as possible. Numerous details enhance the atmosphere and the reader's faith in what is happening. He may believe that the events described in the story could have actually happened (although they actually happened).

The genre of the piece "Garnet Bracelet" is defined as a story. The narration covers a short period of time and includes a small number of characters. However, at the same time, the writer provides the plot with many different details. The narration contains the names of real places, which only increases the reader's immersion in the plot.

Composition and conflict

The composition of the story "Garnet Bracelet" is not disturbed in any way.

1. At the beginning there is an exposition in which we are introduced to the Shein family.
2. It is followed by a tie when Princess Vera receives a letter and a bracelet from a mysterious admirer.
3. At the climax, we are transferred to Zheltkov's dwelling, and from him we learn about his sincere love.
4. In the denouement, we learn about the hero's suicide, and Vera Sheina finds his suicide letter that the main conflict is resolved.
5. In the finale, the storyline comes to its logical conclusion when the heroine comprehends what happened and comes to terms with it.

The main feature of the conflict in the story "Garnet Bracelet" is its ambiguity and non-obviousness. Despite the presence of a love triangle, the confrontation does not take extreme forms, the characters treat each other with understanding and respect. The reader cannot accurately identify positive and negative characters, since all characters have numerous advantages and disadvantages.

The meaning of the name

As the title of the story, Kuprin took the thing that Zheltkov presented to Vera - a pomegranate bracelet, which was one of the few valuables of a poor official. For Zheltkov, the bracelet was a family heirloom, and together with it he gave the woman all of himself - his past, present and future, because the jewelry had already changed several generations of owners. It is as incorruptible as the feeling of a hero.

This name was chosen by the writer in order to emphasize the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work "Garnet Bracelet" - true passionate love, which is symbolized by the bracelet. Garnet - ancient symbol love, fidelity and passion, this stone expresses the depth of Zheltkov's feelings.

The bottom line: what is the work about?

At that moment, when the Shein family is preparing for the name day of Princess Vera Sheina, the hero of the occasion herself receives a letter from a mysterious admirer, backed up by a gift in the form of a gold bracelet decorated with pomegranates.

The princess did not take this action as something serious, however, as a faithful wife, she considered herself not entitled to accept gifts and declarations of love from other men.

Princess Vera's husband and brother find out the identity of the anonymous admirer. It turns out to be a poor official Zheltkov. Men visit his poor home. Zheltkov admits that he has long been in love with Vera. He agrees to stop his inclinations, but asks to let him talk to the princess on the phone. During the conversation, Vera says that she would be calm without Zheltkov.

Some time later, the princess receives a letter from Zheltkov, who informs about his intention to commit suicide, expresses his feelings to her for the last time and asks her to listen to Beethoven's Sonata No. 2.

Vera visits the apartment of her admirer after his death, from where she takes the ill-fated bracelet. The heroine is in despair, she realizes that perhaps true love passed by her, but she could not appreciate the true feelings of Zheltkov, destroying him. At the end of the piece, Vera asks her friend to play the piano for her, and she plays the same Beethoven's Sonata No. 2. Vera understands that this is a sign that Zheltkov was not angry with her, she finds the strength to forgive herself and overcome the crisis.

The main characters and their characteristics

The system of images and the main characters of the story "The Garnet Bracelet" are embodied by the Many-Wise Lytrecon in the form of a table:

heroes of the story "garnet bracelet"	characteristic
vera Nikolaevna Sheina	wealthy and noble princess. beautiful woman. values \u200b\u200bhimself highly, honors her husband and her marital duty. a somewhat cold and restrained woman who wants to live measuredly and calmly. does not believe in true love, and therefore seeks in every possible way to get rid of the yolk that worries her. inaccurately thrown words partly provoke the suicide of the unfortunate, which the faith could not forgive itself.
georgy Stepanovich Yolkov	a young man, a poor official of the control chamber. modest and romantic person. hopelessly in love with the Sheinu faith to such an extent that he chose to kill himself, learning that he was bothering her with his love. until the very end he remained faithful to the princess and died without malice.
vasily Lvovich Shein	provincial leader of the nobility. husband of faith. melancholic and calm person. kind and courteous to his wife. not prone to jealousy. the first to express the idea of \u200b\u200bthe sincerity of Zheltkov's feelings, and therefore tries to treat him as gently as possible.
nikolay Nikolaevich Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovsky	brother of faith, assistant prosecutor, nobleman. a harsh and insensitive person, worried about his sister's reputation, because of which he behaves quite rudely with Yolk and even hints at a trial.

Themes

The theme of the story "Garnet Bracelet" is an eternal combination of questions of interest to a person of any era:

1. Love, according to Kuprin, this is an extremely dangerous feeling that can lead a person to the saddest ending. But at the same time, the writer shows the greatness of love, its transforming power, which turned not an outstanding official Zheltkov into a selfless, strong and sincere person who must be empathized. His tragic feeling is as perfect as a Beethoven sonata.
2. Music - the writer treats music with particular trepidation. She is able to help a person in the most desperate situation. It is in the language of music that Zheltkov conveys his true feelings to Princess Vera, and it is music that helps the princess to cope with feelings of guilt.
3. A family - with some irony Kuprin depicts family life, in which, in his opinion, there is no place for real passion. The spouses value comfort and tranquility above love itself, and the family pride of Vera's brother is completely caricatured. Although family feelings in his eyes are not devoid of sublimity and sincerity, after all, Vera is still devoted to her husband and loves him in her own way.
4. Hope - the world in this story is portrayed as a rather cruel place, which often does not understand a person and hurts him. Zheltkov, having lost hope, commits suicide. Vera also falls into despair, but Zheltkov's music and love return her hope for a better future.

Problem

The problematic in the story "Pomegranate Bracelet" can be described in more detail if you ask the Many Wise Lytrecon in the comments to supplement it:

1. Unrequited love - Kuprin shows the whole tragedy of unrequited love, which drains a person and inevitably leads him to complete disappointment and inevitable fall into the abyss of despair. She is beautiful in her tragedy and sublimity, but hardly gets along with life, where beauty alone is not enough.
2. Despair - the writer insists on the need to combat the despair and hopelessness of the surrounding world. Not everyone has the strength to fight despair, like Zheltkov. However, Princess Sheina was able to overcome adversity and restore peace of mind.
3. Public opinion - in many respects, it is the glance at public opinion that pushes Princess Vera and her brother to a tough response to Zheltkov, which leads to a sad ending. Kuprin shows that a blind pursuit of social standards can lead to unpleasant situations and even tragic consequences.

the main idea

In his story, Kuprin told a story about unhappy love. He demonstrated the contradiction that lies in this beautiful, but dangerous feeling: without it, a person is enveloped in cold, and with it the soul burns out in a bright but dangerous flame. However, according to the writer, it would be impossible to live without him, and even the cold Vera admits that the moment of the highest passion and pleasure has been irretrievably missed. The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe story "Garnet Bracelet" is that extravagant, illogical, crazy love embodies the ideal of beauty and harmony. A bright flash of feeling lit up the life of Zheltkov and Vera. If we leave outside the framework of everything feigned and everyday, only such love can be remembered, summing up life results.

Depicting the Russian society of that time, the writer shows the coldness and formalism that reigns in the minds of people who strive only for philistine well-being and are afraid of real life with its passions. The meaning of the story "Pomegranate Bracelet" is that not calmness and comfort are the sources of happiness, but love, sincere, hot and beautiful.

What does it teach?

The story "Garnet Bracelet" teaches us gentleness and courtesy with others. He tells us how important it is to be able to understand the people around and take care of their feelings, so that later we do not regret a monstrous mistake. The moral of the story "Garnet Bracelet" is a call for tolerance, humanity and mutual understanding, which are so lacking in everyday life.

Kuprin also makes you think about how important it is for a person not to give in to despair and believe in a better future. Hearing harsh criticism, the hero lost faith that his feeling had a right to exist, but this was a delusion on his part. Love was his sacred right, and no one could forbid him to love. This is the conclusion from the story "Garnet Bracelet".

Criticism

Critics responded very vividly to Kuprin's story, seeing in it all the wonderful manifestations of the writer's creativity.

One of these critics was Maxim Gorky, who expressed many laudatory epithets to the work.

Filimonova N.V. left no less positive feedback to the descendants:

She, in her essay, listed several more reviews of her contemporaries:

However, according to the testimony of the literary critic P. Berkov, Soviet criticism did not express any particular enthusiasm for the "Garnet Bracelet".