The artist Yuri Raksha was born and lived in Ufa, graduated from the art department of VGIK, worked as an artist in many films. He was very famous, but during his lifetime he did not hold any of his exhibitions, all of them took place only after his death. One of his most famous paintings is the triptych "Kulikovo Field". The essay based on the painting "Seeing Off the Militia", which is the central part of the triptych, is asked to write in the eighth grade, when schoolchildren can already realize the significance and importance of the plot.
Yuri Raksha was very talented, knew how to write in different genres, combine them, and in this case, the result of his work was excellent pictures. The theme of the war was mixed with the historical one. It was this combination that occupied a special place in the work of Yuri Raksha.
General plan of the picture
War is a difficult time for the people, when innocent people die. In the triptych, the artist shows the pain and tragedy of the people who say goodbye to their families, seeing them off to the war. People unite for the sake of defending the borders of their homeland from enemies who want to get rid of the Russian people and conquer Russia. But we see that the soldiers are determined, which means that this will not happen. Before writing an essay on the painting "Seeing Off the Militia", consider what is shown on the different plans. In the front there are people seeing off relatives. They are upset, because their loved ones are going to fight, but in their eyes there is hope and faith that their enemies will be defeated. The artist perfectly managed to show the expression on the faces of the heroes of the picture, their condition. And so at once the general mood, and the characters of the people, and the strength of the spirit of the Russian people become clear. It is noteworthy that the picture is not gloomy, but filled with light. The artist uses bright colors, the details are well traced. We see the environment through the eyes of the heroes of the picture and understand that this brightness is due to their psychological state.
Description of the painting "Seeing off the militia"
In the foreground is a woman expecting a baby, children who do not understand what is happening, old people who have been in such situations more than once and have lost their loved ones. Yuri Raksha conveys the atmosphere of that time. We can consider clothes, everyday life of heroes, jewelry and other little things. Those people were united by a common grief. Together they will wait, pray for their warriors, hope for victory. Of course, it will not be easy to defeat the enemy hordes, people will perish, and then the grief will become common, all the living will mourn for the dead. All this is written on the faces of the people in the picture.
I would like to pay special attention to a pregnant woman, expensively dressed. Judging by her appearance, you immediately understand that this is a princess. In fact, she is the wife of Dmitry Donskoy. In the picture, a woman hugs her son with her left hand, and the right one lies on her stomach, as if stroking her unborn child. In her eyes there is hope that her beloved husband, the father of her children, will return from a difficult battle. And yet he is the leader of this militia. The boy she hugged stands with his head down. He probably understands that his father may not return from the battle. And then the boy will remain with the elder and will protect the mother and the younger child. Noble people and simple peasants stand shoulder to shoulder.
Shoulder to shoulder
A young peasant woman is sitting right on the ground. There is sorrow and despair on her face. She is afraid of losing her husband, because he is the only breadwinner and head of the family. Next to her is a girl with a bouquet. Her face is pensive, because she does not yet understand the horrors of war. Next to Donskoy's wife is another woman, no longer young. There are no tears on her face, only anxiety. Perhaps she has already seen off her loved ones into battle more than once. The girl who stands next to him looks into the distance with sorrow.
Second plan
Preparing for the essay on the painting "Seeing Off the Militia", pay attention to the army. In the background, the men are not shown as clearly as if in a haze. A huge army is coming from the gates of the Kremlin. The faces of the warriors are almost indistinguishable, they have already become one. Grief and suffering brought people together. There are women with children and old people left, and men may not return. But nothing can be done, because they protect their loved ones and their homeland from enemies.
The favorite theme of the artist Yuri Raksha was history. The paintings "Seeing Off the Militia", "Blessing for Battle" and "Anticipation" make up a triptych. They are considered the best of his work.
This is one example of a composition based on the painting "Seeing Off the Militia".
At all times there were wars, and sending fighters into battle, they saw off the whole city or village. Likewise, the painting "Seeing Off the Militia" depicts farewell to loved ones and dear people who set off on a long journey to fight their enemies. Armed men walk along the road, along which the mourners stand on a hill. It is the escorting, not the warriors, the main characters of the picture by Y. Raksha.
Here in the foreground is a pregnant woman, next to which is her son and she hugs him to her, hugging her shoulder. She is dressed in an expensive dress, and her head is adorned with exquisite jewelry. It is immediately clear that she is not a commoner, but from a wealthy family. Her face is full of grief and sadness, she probably sees her husband off. A grief-stricken dark-haired woman and her daughter are sitting on the ground at the feet of this woman. They are dressed in simple clothes and it seems that their family is not rich. The woman also sees off her husband, but she is much more worried than the woman standing next to her.
Behind them is another woman who holds her son in her arms. She hugs him so tightly, as if she thinks that when he grows up, he will also be sent to war and she is more afraid of this than anything else. A little further, there is an elderly woman who sees her son off. A girl stands beside her, praying for the fate of all who face a difficult battle. In this company there is an old man who shouts the last words of farewell to the men.
The trouble has united all people belonging to different strata of society. Women with children and old people were left alone and it is not known when the men will return home. And not all will return, and women will mourn the deceased loved ones. They can't do anything, and they don't even try to stop someone. Women understand that their husbands and sons go to protect their wives and children, as well as the city from the encroachments of enemies.
An essay based on a painting by the remarkable Russian artist Yu.M. Rakshi (1937-1980) "Seeing Off the Militia" develops the creative abilities of students, their research skills, fosters patriotic and aesthetic feelings. The essay is written in grade 8.
Composition based on the painting "Seeing Off the Militia". 8th grade
Yuri Mikhailovich Raksha was born in 1937 into a family of workers. He studied at an art school, graduated from VGIK with a degree in production designer. Participated in the creation of such significant films as "Time, Forward" and "Ascent". Many paintings by Yu.M. The Rahkshi received wide recognition and brought him worldwide fame.
Yuri Mikhailovich died very young, he was only forty-three years old. In 1980, the terminally ill artist finished work on the grand triptych "Kulikovo Field". This multifaceted work consists of three parts: "Blessing for the battle", "Seeing off the militia", "Anticipation".
The triptych is dedicated to the Battle of Kulikovo, which took place in 1380 and marks the beginning of the liberation from the Tatar-Mongol yoke. The painting "Seeing Off the Militia" is the right side part of the triptych. Another name for the painting is "Crying wives".
In the center of the composition are women and children. They see off the Russian army leaving for the campaign, consisting of their husbands, sons and brothers. Mighty warriors are surrounded by fog, a bloody battle awaits them, and many of them will give their lives for their homeland, protecting mothers, wives, children. In the distance, white-stone Moscow is visible, from the gates of which many thousands of militia are coming out.
In the foreground is a young, beautiful woman with a sad and lovely face. This is the wife of Dmitry Donskoy, Grand Duchess Evdokia. Soon she will have a child, next to her are her children - the boy bowed his head, he also feels the tragedy of what is happening; a teenage girl looks tensely at the departing warriors, trying to remember their faces, to preserve the memory of them.
It is known that Dmitry Donskoy and Evdokia were very fond of each other and one can understand what feelings the princess felt as she saw off her beloved husband to a feat of arms. To the right of Evdokia, a simple-haired woman in a red sarafan sank to the ground, exhausted. She threw her head back, her mouth was open - she was crying, her grief was immeasurable.
A young girl with her head covered with a scarf prays, and a gray-haired old man, standing behind the women, blesses the soldiers with his staff. A woman standing next to him hugs her little son to her chest. Everyone, commoners and noble people, rallied into a single whole in the face of a common misfortune. Now they are the Russian people. This painting teaches to love the motherland, to appreciate the people living in it, to admire its past.
In the center of the picture are old men, women and children. Standing on the hills along the city walls of white-stone Moscow, they see off their children, fathers and husbands on a great and dangerous campaign, which will end in a bloody battle with a dangerous and cruel enemy in the face of the Tatar-Mongols.
In the distance, one can see the gate to white-stone Moscow, from which the brave defenders of the patronymic emerge, its powerful stone walls rise to the sky, almost touching the passing clouds.
Terrible wars in orderly ranks along women and children crying with grief. Surrounded by fog, gloomy and courageous, they pass by without even turning after, without saying goodbye. Each warrior is dressed in chain mail, with a lance and a shield, on foot or on horseback with a shield.
In the foreground of the picture is a young and beautiful woman with white curls and a sad face - the queen of Russia, princess Evdokia. She sees off her husband with longing and faith in a great victory. To her left are her children - a blond boy with a sadly lowered head and a girl sitting on the grass with a languid and tense look.
Evdokia is experiencing mixed feelings, joy from the imminent birth of a child and longing from the thought that her beloved husband may not return from the campaign.
To the right of the princess, a girl in a red sundress sits on the green grass, clutching her head, she sobs with grief.
In the background, we can see an old man with a staff, who blesses the warriors leaving into the distance for a glorious victory.
All the people of Moscow, rich and poor, noble and common people, rallied together to defend their homeland, their any homeland together.
Composition on the picture Seeing off the militia Rahkshi
One of the parts of the triptych "Kulikovo Field" by Yuri Raksha is the painting "Seeing Off the Militia", dedicated to the events ahead of the Kulikovo battle. The artist tried to feel the spirit of the time, recreated on the canvases, and bring it closer to modernity. That is why he drew some characters from his contemporaries - in one of the heroes of the triptych Vasily Shukshin is easily guessed, and in one of the characters in the society of Dmitry Donskoy the author himself is captured.
The fragment "Seeing Off the Militia" captures the farewell of the squad under the command of Dmitry Donskoy with families and relatives. Elders, women, children went beyond the city line to send a farewell glance to the fathers, spouses and sons setting off on the military road - the army itself has already set off and is covered in a haze of fog. On the faces of those who see them off, the whole gamut of emotions is displayed: sadness in the eyes, hope in the heart that they will soon meet their own men.
Among the women, children and elders who see off the warriors, the princess is in the foreground. Having cried all the tears, she realizes that now it is necessary to take care of the children and the baby she is expecting. Near her is a little son, who undoubtedly realizes that he, being the only man in the family, is obliged to take care of his mother and sister. The prince's daughter, with an elusive smile on her face, is at her mother's feet. The girl was impressed by what was happening - she heard chants. In those days, most of the events took place with musical accompaniment - and the Donskoy squad went to battle to the rude sound of the pity.
The disaster united townspeople from different walks of life. Women and children, old parents were left alone and it is not known when the soldiers will return and whether they will return home. Relatives cannot resist this situation, and do not even try to stop the soldiers. They understand that their defenders are going to serve as a shield, first of all, for their families, and also to protect the city from the invasion of the enemy.
The landscape is very important for the general understanding of the mood of the triptych. The picture definitely shows that autumn is coming. A gloomy sky, clouds are approaching - as a symbol of disaster, from which Russia must be saved. The horizon, which is holistic for all the components of the triptych, unites the Kulikovo field, the Trinity Monastery, and Moscow. Unites into a single whole - the Motherland. To the blessed Motherland, which must be protected and preserved.
Triptych of paintings by the famous Russian artist Yu.M. Rakshi is dedicated to the Battle of Kulikovo, which took place in 1380, and the herd was the beginning of the liberation from the three-hundred-year Tatar-Mongol yoke.
- Reshetnikov F.P.
Reshetnikov Pavel Fedorovich was born in July 1906 into a creative family. From an early age, the boy worked, as there was not enough money for food. 1929 Reshetnikov enters the Higher Artistic and Technical Institute.
- Composition based on the painting Autumn. Hunter Levitan grade 8
In this picture of Isaac Levitan, a clearing in the forest appears before us, or rather, a forest path. The forest is autumn, the sky is gloomy. Nature is preparing for winter, somewhere along the path there are even small pieces of snow, which probably appeared relatively recently
Artists are the keepers of history, displaying many events in their paintings. The tragedy that happened to the ancient city of Pompeii as a result of the eruption of Vesuvius was reflected in the painting of Karl Pavlovich Bryullov.
Preview:
Russian language lesson in grade 8. Development of speech.
Topic: Preparation for writing an essay on
the painting by Yuri Raksha "Seeing Off the Militia".
Program "Russian language 5 - 9 grade", authors: T.M. Baranov,
T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, N.M. Shansky.
Textbook edited by T.M. Baranova, T.A. Ladyzhenskaya and others.
Developer: teacher of Russian language and literature, secondary school №401 Kolpinsky district of St. Petersburg Lukyanova Olga Leonidovna.
Lesson objectives:
educational: prepare students for writing an essay on a painting,
developing: the development of oral communication of students, broadening the horizons of students in the field of fine arts;
educational: education of patriotic feelings among students.
Lesson technology: creative workshop, ICT - technologies.
Form of work: group.
Lesson type : obtaining new knowledge.
Equipment for the lesson: presentation, reproduction of Yuri Raksha's painting "Seeing Off the Militia", sheets for assignments in groups.
During the classes
1 slide On-screen words:
True love helps to endure all the hardships.
Johann Friedrich Schiller
The battle on the Kulikovo field became the birthday of Great Moscow Rus.
Yuri Raksha.
- Organizing time.
(On the screen - the picture by Y. Raksha "Seeing off the militia")
1. The topic of the lesson is announced.
The purpose of our lesson.
2. Epigraph to the lesson.
(Think about why such epigraphs were taken. We will answer at the end of the lesson).
3. The format of the lesson is a creative workshop.
II.Presentation of the new.
1. Task: Continue developing the ability to independently acquire knowledge. An individual student's message about the work of the artist Y. Raksha.
2 slide (portrait of the artist)
Raksha Yuri Mikhailovich (2.12.1937-1.09.1980) - Russian artist. Born in Ufa in a working class family. He studied at the art school at the Institute. Surikov. After graduating from VGIK for fifteen years he worked as a production designer at Mosfilm (of the most significant films "Time, Forward!" And "Ascent"). Wide popularity came to him with the first exhibitions. His canvases - "Contemporary", "Kind animal, kind man", "My mother", "Continuation", "Talk about the future", "Strawberry glade" and others - were shown at all-Union and international exhibitions. The artist's brush belongs to the triptych "Kulikovo Field" (1980), consisting of 3 parts: "Blessing for the battle", "Seeing off the militia", "Anticipation".
2. Teacher.
About the event ... The Battle of Kulikovo took place in September 1380. Russian Prince Dmitry Donskoy led the Russian army against the Tatar Khan Mamai. Sergius of Radonezh blessed him for the feat. 253 thousand Russians died on the Kulikovo field.
In the center is a woman with her son - the wife of Dmitry Donskoy Evdokia. She escorts her husband to the mortal battle, but she is expecting a child, the same knight. The women are crying. This is how this event is described in the story "Zadonshchina": "The birds sang pitiful songs - all the princesses and boyars lamented ..."
In the background - the squad, in the third - the walls of the Kremlin, the Russian native sky.
When describing a picture, we will usein the following terms:
foreground of the picture,
Second plan of the picture,
Distant plan,
Background,
triptych.
The task. You have cards on your tables. The red cards have the terms, and the white ones have definitions of the terms. Match terms and definitions. (Actualization of mental activity)
3.Verification of work with cards.
3 sl (explanation of terms).
The foreground of the painting is what the artist depicts closest to the viewer,second plan - what is in the middle of the picture, background picture - an area remote from the viewer,background - the main color, tone on which the picture is painted; 2.what is depicted in the distance,triptych - an artistic canvas, consisting of three parts.
Today in the lesson we will use the speech type:description.
Let's remember what type of speech is called a description? You can use notebooks - reference books. The children define and compare their findings with the definition on the slide.
4 slide (speech type check)
Description - the image of people, objects, animals, nature. To describe means to depict, enumerate signs, distinctive signs, characteristic features of people, living beings, objects, events of actions. You can ask a question about the text -which one?
Question: What pictorial and expressive means of language for describing objects and phenomena do you remember? Name them.
Please name the figurative and expressive means of the language. Give definitions. Look at the slide, check your answers.
5 slide (checking definitionspictorial - expressive means)
Antithesis - opposition.
Oxymoron - a combination of directly opposite words in order to show the inconsistency of the phenomenon.
Metaphor - a pictorial technique based on the transfer of meaning by likeness, similarity, analogy.
Epithet is a figurative definition that gives an artistic description of a phenomenon or object.
Impersonation - tropes, attribution of properties and attributes of animate objects to inanimate. Quite oftenimpersonation used when depicting nature, which is endowed with certain human traits.
Comparison is a figurative expression based on the comparison of two objects or states that have a common feature.
III. Work on the content of the essay.
1. Task: Continue the formation of research skills, interaction skills in a group.
2.6 slide (picture of Yuri Raksha "Seeing off the militia" with music overlay. "Ave Maria" by Schubert sounds.)
Question: why are two works in tune - musical and artistic?
3. Description of the fragments of the picture in groups.
Card for group number 1
Description of male militias
1. Describe the equipment of the male militias.
2. What is the mood of the male militias? What detail says
About their patriotism?
3. Describe the background of the painting, the city wall.
4. What art techniques did you use?
5. What part of the picture did you describe?
Card for group number 2
Description of nature, weather
1. Describe the sky (the color of the sky, clouds).
2. Describe the lawn. What colors does the artist use?
3. What epithets, comparisons, metaphors can be chosen
To the description of the sky, grass?
Card for group number 3
Description of women, children, old man
1. Describe the postures of women, children, old man.
2. Describe the facial expressions of women, children, an old man.
3. Describe the clothes of women, children, old man.
4. What part of the picture did you describe?
4. Presentation of the results of group work.Along the way, students make notes in the draft.
5. Drawing up an essay plan. (Group discussion. Final cut).
Slide number 7 composition of the composition.
I. Introduction.
1. About the artist.
2. The theme of the Battle of Kulikovo in his work.
II. Description of the picture.
- The theme of the picture.
- First plan.
- Second plan.
- Distant shot, background.
- The mood from the picture, how the fight will end.
III. Conclusion.
What thoughts arise when you look at this picture.
Slide number 8 words
- Dictionary - lexical work.
Triptych, women of different ages, Dmitry Donskoy, Evdokia, "Zadonshchina", battle, grieves, mystical connection with the events of the past, contradicts, radiance of the day, dramatic situation, historical excursion, simple-haired, majestic pose, the flag flies, courageous faces, transparent air, commoners, a gray-haired old man.
Choose synonyms for the word "artist" - (author of the picture, painter,);
Find synonyms for the word "painting" - (work, art canvas, talented work).
- Control, evaluation
A task: Continue the formation of the ability to independently assess their knowledge and activities in the lesson.
Reflection
How do you rate your work in the lesson?
Let's go back to the beginning of the tutorial. Are you ready to write your essay?
Which epigraph will you choose from the proposed ones? Why?
Do you know what you will be writing about?
8. Organizational - linking stage
A task: Continue the formation of independent comprehension of what was learned in the lesson, the development of creative abilities.
Slide number 9
Homework with an element of variability:
Choose an epigraph, present the material in accordance with the epigraph,
Write an essay in a notebook for creative work.