Explanatory note. Classification of speech errors Smolny Resurrection Cathedral

1. Work with control. 111: expressive reading, planning, determining the style and type of speech of the text.

Approximate plan:

1. In memory of the capture of Kazan.

2. An unprecedented building.

3. Embodiment of folk ideas about the beauty of architecture.

4. The fate of the architects Barma and Postnik.

The style of the text is journalistic, the type of speech is description with narrative elements. The link type of the sentences in the last paragraph is chain link.

2. Expressive reading of a fragment of D. Kedrin's poem "Architects" (read by a teacher or a previously prepared student).

3. Comparison of the poetic text with the description of the temple (exercise 111).

4. Oral communication-story about the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed.

Message option

St. Basil's Cathedral is located in the very center of our capital. This is one of the structures that limit the space of Red Square. The temple amazes with its uniqueness and originality. It looks like a bright giant toy, assembled from different parts by someone's talented hands.

The temple was created by the Russian architects Barma and Postnik, who paid for this brilliant work with their eyesight. According to legend, Tsar Ivan the Terrible ordered the architects to be blinded so that they could not build something like that. The temple has remained a unique structure that people have admired for four and a half centuries.

The construction of the memorial temple began in 1554 to commemorate the great victory: the Russian army took Kazan by storm. The stone Cathedral of the Intercession is now known as the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed, after the holy fool, buried near the walls of the cathedral.

The eight pillars of the temple surround the ninth. Each dome is original and unique. The central temple is crowned with a tent. This is a truly fabulously beautiful building, astonishing with its elegance and unexpected design.

Homework. Description of the architectural monument of the city (exercise 114).

TWO-PART OFFERS

MAIN MEMBERS OFFERS

Lesson 16. Subject

The purpose of the lesson: expand the students' ideas about the subject, its signs, ways of expression; to deepen knowledge of the synonymous relationships of linguistic units.

Methodological techniques: analysis of written works; explanation of the teacher, vocabulary work, drawing up a table, conversation, constructing sentences.

During the classes

I. Verification homework

Reading and parsing two or three essays-descriptions.

II. Explanation of the new material

1. Conversation. Teacher's word.

The topic of several lessons - "Two-part sentences" - is not new to you. You know, of course, what the main members of a sentence are, you can define the subject and predicate. (Answers from students, oral execution of exercise 115.)

In grade 8, we must expand our understanding of the two-part sentence and its basis. This is, first of all, about the subject.

Is always the subject of action, actor is the subject in the sentence? (Answers of students.)

And who is acting in the following sentences? (they are written on the board):

The country forest is crossed by many paths. The problem was solved by a programmer using a computer. ( In these sentences, subjects of action are not subjects. The subject should not depend on other members of the proposal and answer questions who? or what?)

Another question: how can the subject be expressed? (Answers of students.)

In fact, not only nominal, but also other parts of speech, even an interjection, can act as a subject. We will make sure of this, read the material of the textbook, and then draw up a summary table.

2. Study of the theoretical material of the textbook (§ 11, p. 56).

3. Control. 116 (orally): defining ways of expressing the subject.

4. Drawing up a summary table "Ways of expressing the subject" (see table on p. 40). (We use the material of exercise 116. Students come up with their own examples if they wish.)

III. Practical tasks

Control. 117, 118, 119 (one-word subjects and subjects, expressed in phrases) - orally, "in a chain".

Speech error type	Example
The use of a word in an unusual sense	I am annoyed by his disgusting charisma.
Non-discrimination of shades of meaning of synonyms
The use of words that do not correspond in color to the main style of the text	I read the text, and I was stunned by the thought ...
Violation of lexical compatibility	The level of proficiency in technology is expanding; it plays an important role in life
Pleonasm (duplication of meaning in a phrase)	Lay flowers at the memorial
Tautology (use of a word in combination with a cognate)	Through some subtle sensations, he feels a connection with his native land.
Unjustified repetition of words
Incorrect use of pronouns	I have read dissertations with attachments. They caught my attention.
Mixing paronyms	Features of the lyric hero Pushkin
Violation of the structure of phraseological units	Having lied once, who will believe you

Correct speech and grammatical errors in the following sentences:

Error variants	Error type	Corrected version
1. This monument of Russian architecture amazes with its bizarre dimensions.
2. Students have increased confidence in their abilities.
3. There is selfishness in glad subjects
4. This research has an important role in the development of modern science.
5. . The artist's unremitting love for dynamics in art is well known.
6. In many areas, the water was at a minimum.
7. The abundance of accessories burdens the plot, diverting attention from the main thing.
8. The revolutionary democrats revealed the fictitious nature of bourgeois democracy.
9. This detail is the most important factor on which the reliability of the research methodology for the types of personality accentuations is based.
10. The teacher operates with positive examples from life.

12. The professor showed me a version of the WRC plan and said that it was already outdated.
13. The following pronunciation errors should be noted.
14. One can agree with those chapters of the abstract that do not contain internal contradictions.
15. Having correctly defined the goals and objectives of the research, the experiment showed the following.
16. There is not always mutual understanding between the people and their representatives in the Legislative Assembly.

18. The conditions for achieving positive results were created, but nevertheless the tests were unsuccessful.
19. The article is informative and interesting.
20. VAK publishes requirements for candidate dissertations

Assignment 9 . Read the passages provided and determine which functional style texts they belong to.

1 ... Already the ancient Greek thinkers saw that in addition to the general in the scale in which the "special sciences" (Aristotelian term) comprehend, there is a general and a larger scale, namely, separately for each of the three main areas of reality: nature, human society, consciousness (knowledge). But there is also the universal, which is inherent in the earthly universe as a whole and is expressed in laws and categories such as "necessity", "accident", "causality", "connection", "time", etc. Thus, the structural field of the general includes himself specifically-general (the competence of individual sciences), the most, general of each of the three main areas of reality and universal (the competence of philosophy).

2 . According to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, a limited liability company (hereinafter referred to as LLC) is a commercial organization established by one or more persons, the authorized capital of which is divided into shares determined by the constituent documents. Unlike a joint-stock company, the right to a share is not confirmed by a security (share), but only by a certificate, which, in accordance with the charter of an LLC, can be issued to its participants (founders).

3 ... I am reminded of an early, fine autumn. August was with warm rains, as if on purpose for sowing - with rains at the very time, in the middle of the month, around the feast of St. Lawrence. And "autumn and winter live well, if the water is quiet and rain on Lawrence". Then, in the Indian summer, a lot of cobwebs sat on the fields.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 ... Can a lesson be given if there is no classroom? Take an exam without a record in your pocket? Is the inhalation of chalk dust a necessary part of the process of obtaining higher education? Joe Martin, for example, doesn't think so. He is 41 years old, he is not the last person in one of the Indianapolis insurance companies - and at the same time a student at Duke University. During a lunch break or in the evening, when Mr. Martin's wife is already asleep, Joe sits down at the computer keyboard, logs on to the Internet and begins to gnaw at the granite of science in the place designated for him by the professor standing in the department seven hundred kilometers from his home.

5 ... Russian oil and Russian gas are sacred, they should not belong to a bunch of dubious oligarchs with crooked, frightened faces or sinuous smooth-hipped officials. This is part of the national life - billions of ancient living creatures have invested their energy in oil, yes, they have rotted, but nothing alive disappears without a trace - their life is fed today by the gluttonous stomachs of machines (A. Dugin)

6 ... Roundtable participants heard and discussed messages

NN Chereshneva and A. Dragun on the specifics of the subculture of fans of the football club "Zenith" (St. Petersburg). The participants in the discussion noted the special status of the phenomenon of FC Zenit as uniting the “high idea” of a large part of the population of St. Petersburg, the unique character of the fans environment of FC Zenit, express a common opinion about the need for a comprehensive (general humanitarian) study of this subculture of the metropolis.

The presence of numerous media outlets writing and broadcasting about Zenit, unfortunately, does not solve the problem of objective research of the subculture of the cheerleader environment, its place in the system of subcultures and in the culture of St. Petersburg in general.

Roundtable participants came to the following conclusions:

it is necessary to comprehensively study the subculture of FC "Zenith" as a unique cultural phenomenon of modern St. Petersburg;

come up with a proposal to organize a Project to implement the idea of \u200b\u200bcorporate culture of fans of the football club "Zenith";

place on the Institute's website an appeal to all students of St. Petersburg universities with an invitation to participate in the Project to promote the Zenit brand as a football club of the cultural capital of Russia.

7 ... Dear comrade deputies! I will only talk about the state of culture in our country, and mainly about the humanitarian, human part of it. I have carefully studied the electoral platforms of the deputies. I was amazed that the vast majority of them did not even have the word "culture". At the Congress itself, the word "culture" was uttered in a passing manner only on the third day.

Meanwhile, without culture, there is no morality in society. Without elementary morality, social laws, economic laws do not work, decrees are not fulfilled and modern science cannot exist, for it is difficult, for example, to check experiments costing millions, huge projects of "construction projects of the century" and so on.

8 ... Modern students as a special, traditional stable social-age group have their own characteristics of speech behavior. So, students at all times have been inherent in communicating with each other to use certain stable formulas (both precedent and etiquette), to experiment with linguistic norms (both the national language and foreign). They are characterized by a special manner of communication with teachers and other students. They use various speech methods of gaining authority in a group, etc. All these features, being to some extent signs of the speech behavior of members of a given social-age group, are filled with different content at different times, their prevalence and frequency of use in speech changes.

9 ... What? The name of? Call me Stepan. But if I say my last name, maybe I won't believe it right away. My last name is rare, wonderful, one might say. I'm forty. Although, if you look at it, the surname is like a surname. It seems strange for local places, but in our Ukraine (I myself am from near Lviv) and not such are found: Kochan, for example, or Taras. Or even locusts. And I, then, Soroka. Bird's name, it turns out. My father is Magpie. And the grandfather was Soroka. And my children with the same surname. What? It's not about the name, it's about the person. The main thing is that you yourself treat people kindly. Then there will be honor and respect for you, and your surname will sound. For example, I am very proud of mine.

Assignment 10 . Write an essay "The norms of the Russian literary language: their role in linguistic construction and the life of society." Refer to the lecture material, previous exercises, and the following diagram.

Shore - protect, granite - facet, soul - choke, fly - heal, saw - drink.

9. What changes have occurred in the semantics, structure and grammatical categories of the following words, borrowed by Russian from Latin and Greek, as well as from English, French and German?

Ultimatum - lat. ultimatum, noun Wed r., units h (from ultimus - "extreme, very last");

unique - lat / unicum, noun. Wed r., units h. - "only";

symbiosis - gr. symbiosis noun wives r., units h. - "cohabitation";

forum - lat. forum, noun Wed r., units h. - "area in Ancient Romewhere fairs and popular gatherings took place ”;

system - gr, systema, noun Wed r., units h. - "the basis of order";

organ - gr. organon, noun Wed r., units h. - "tool, tool, tool";

bureau - fr. bureau, noun husband. r., units h. - "a special table for writing and storing papers; desk; office of a large employee; presidium ".

10. Make up phrases, choosing suitable definitions for nouns from paronyms. What determines their choice? Make suggestions with them

Milk, ... day, ... appointment (target, whole, whole); ... curtain, ... air, ... color (smoky, smoky, smoky); ... hello, ... smile, ... work (friendly, friendly); ... bracelet, ... fight, ... wood (pomegranate, pomegranate); ... accessories, ... paper, ... work (writing, writing); ... collection, ... battles, ... work (class, classic, cool); ... pride, ... attitude (family, familiar); ... district, ... little boy (neighbor, neighboring); ... kind, ... method (effective, effective).

11. Choose antonyms for the given words. Make suggestions with each of them.

Happiness, recovery, idleness, healthy, aging, love, friendship, kindness, despondency, lies, callousness, tenderness, good, dull, rude, useful, smart, sweet, light, clear, light, darkens, blossoms, spring, darkness, take, fall asleep, put on, win.

12. Indicate the pictorial function of antonyms. Choose synonyms for antonyms (where possible).

1. I decay with my body in dust, with my mind I command thunders. I am a king - I am a slave, I am a worm - I am a god (G. Derzhavin). 2. They converged. Wave and stone, poetry and prose, ice and fire are not so different from each other (A.S. Pushkin). 3. You are rich, I am very poor. You are a prose writer, I am a poet; you are blush, like poppies, I, like death, and skinny and pale (A.S. Pushkin). 4. And we hate, and we love by chance, without sacrificing anything either to malice or love, and some kind of secret cold reigns in the soul, when the fire boils in the blood (M.Yu. Lermontov). 5. In the crowd we recognized each other, got together, and we will disperse again, there was love without joy, separation will be without sorrow (M.Yu. Lermontov). 6. You are poor, you are abundant, you are powerful, you are also powerless, Mother Russia (N. Nekrasov).

13. Indicate in a number of synonyms foreign words:

Request, petition, petition, petition, petition; duel, duel, single combat; system, regime, order, system, way.

14. Explain the purpose of the following corrections made by Gorky to the original text of the story "Chelkash" (the words of the original text are in brackets).

The boat rushed off again, silently and easily turning (tacking) among the ships. Suddenly she escaped from their crowd (labyrinth) ... Music (symphony) of a working day.

There was something fatal (fatal) in this slow movement of the soulless masses.

15. Eliminate the mistakes associated with the use of words without regard to their meaning in context. When completing the assignment, use explanatory dictionaries.

1. This monument of Russian architecture amazes with its bizarre dimensions. 2. With this first powerful impulse, the carp often pulls the forest in one straight line with the rod and easily tears it. 3. The poems of the popular poet, written by him as a result of his travel around the country, will soon be published in the magazine. 4. The master's face takes on a sleepy state. 5. And the faster the weaver ties the broken thread, the less the loom will idle. 6. Students have improved self-confidence. 7. I will tell you about one moment that happened during the war. 8. His relatives were killed by the bombing. 9. Famusov lives by the slogan: "Signed, off your shoulders." 10. Pechorin has egoism. 11. She had to go to work together.

TEST

FOR EMERGENCY STUDENTS

Methodical instructions

The test is carried out independently by first-year students of the correspondence course of all specialties and is admission to the test.

The test includes a variety of tasks on all topics of the course "Russian language and culture of speech".

Some tasks involve working with a dictionary. A list of dictionaries and reference books to be consulted is given at the end of the document.

Option 1.

Complete the synonymous adjective rows by specifying the base color of each row.

Herbal, emerald, malachite.

Azure, azure, turquoise, heavenly.

Compose the text using phraseological units that allow you to express your attitude to the subject or addressee of speech.

Carry nonsense; swim shallowly; not suitable for soles; rat race; carry nonsense; tear and throw; bring to white heat; be in seventh heaven; perk; lose one's temper; do not put in a copper penny; not so hot; the last spoke in the chariot; neither wobbly nor roll; a bump out of the blue; high-flying bird; hang your nose; at random; be outside yourself; put at the forefront.

Correct speech errors in the following sentences.

1) This monument of Russian architecture amazes with its bizarre dimensions. 2) With this first powerful impulse, the carp often pulls the forest in one straight line with the rod and easily tears it. 3) The master's face takes on a sleepy state. 4) Students have increased confidence in their abilities. 5) Pechorin has egoism. 6) Elderly persons should carefully monitor their health. 7) The artist's relentless love for dynamics in art is well known.

4. Check the spelling of the stress in the following words by the spelling dictionary, put the stress:

Gross tax, wholesale prices, tiger skin, August council, filled tooth, kitchen utensils, spoiled child, language aids, hospital regime, tongue sausage, stamp seal, expert commission, newborn baby, negotiated prices, agent, alphabet, alcohol, analogue, arrest, unrestrained, blessings, fear, bestseller, bartender, run, religion, supper, vandals, gas pipeline, herald, citizenship, booty, contract, document, nap, leisure, utterly, clean, heretic, blinds, enviable, frequent visitor, long time ago, conspiracy, freeze, clog, rust, jagged, significance, otherwise, industry, icon painting, invention, tool, spark, spoil, catalog, quarter, combine, more beautiful, self-interest, pantry, rubber.

5. Put the following verbs in the form of 3 persons singular present or future tense, keeping the form of the verb; put stress in the words:

hand over, turn on, call, circle, lean against, sting, bite.

6. Put the following verbs in the feminine singular and plural past tense, and stress the words:

wander, whip, lead, shave, heed, drive, gnaw, add, press, freeze, hush, lay, steal, cover.

Insert the missing letters.

1) The actor put on a small ... pince-nez in a gold frame. 2) Newspapers report falling prices for Colombian ... coffee. 3) Late ... Baroque is characterized by decorative splendor of details. 4) As an auxiliary language,… Esperanto was created. 5) A fluffy ... boa is thrown over the shoulders of the beauty. 6) Two ... hummingbirds caught the attention of an ornithologist. 7) "L'Humanite" addressed ... with ... an appeal to the French people. 8) Sochi is located ... on the Black Sea coast. 9) The New York Times supported ... the new president.

Put the words in brackets in the form you want.

1) The premiere of a new play (Jean Paul Sartre) took place the other day. 2) In the works of the French writer (Georges Sand), many social problems are touched upon. 3) Professor (P.Ya. Chernykh) owns a number of works on the history of the Russian language.

Content:

Architectural monuments are an invaluable asset of world culture. Being witnesses of bygone eras, they present examples of works of art. This is their difference from the monuments cultural heritage... The latter include, for example, the house in which Vasily Shukshin was born and lived, or, for example, Rasul Gamzatov. These houses are historical and cultural heritage. This is undeniable. But they are by no means architectural monuments.

At the same time, monuments of architecture are not only majestic buildings, over the construction of which the masters of architecture worked. These can be streets, squares and even whole blocks. The architectural monuments include buildings in which at least partially preserved fragments of decoration, a unique layout, characteristic of a particular era.

Architectural monuments are entire ensembles of buildings, complexes of structures that embody the achievements in the field visual arts, architecture of the time when they were built. These can be buildings that convey elements of cult architecture, as well as monumental, decorative and applied art. Moreover, these structures can be civil, religious, military, industrial. They can perform completely different functions. Belonging to the category of monuments makes the uniqueness and artistry that manifested itself during the construction and their further maintenance.

Palmyra was considered the richest city of the late antiquity period. It is located in Syria between the Euphrates and Damascus. King Tukrish is considered the founder of the city. At that time, Palmyra was called nothing less than the bride of the desert. The city amazed with its beauty, grandeur of buildings that were considered examples of ancient Roman architecture.

Not a very large part of cities can be considered monuments of architecture. The most striking example of this is the city of Palmyra in the Syrian Arab Republic. The age of the city is approaching 4,000 years. Throughout all its centuries, the city has experienced many invasions, accompanied by destruction. In the 7th century, Palmyra was captured by the Arabs. They destroyed all the temples and turned the city into a fortress.

In 1089, this powerful fortress at that time was destroyed as a result of a strong earthquake. The city, known until this sad date for its grandeur, turned into a small village near the temple of the god Bel. A new revival of Palmyra began. Although the city was constantly plundered, it was revived again and again.

Only in the XVIII Palmyra began to be of interest to the scientific community. And in the XX century, a permanent guard of the city's territory was organized. Archaeologists who have come here from many countries have begun the restoration of Palmyra. As a result of the widespread restoration work, many relics have been revived. UNESCO recognized all buildings and structures of Palmyra as monuments. World Heritage Site.

After the liberation of Palmyra from terrorists in the spring of 2016, experts testified that only 20 percent of the structures that were considered unique were completely destroyed. The terrorists mostly destroyed temples. The rest of the buildings and structures that are valuable, primarily as architectural monuments, remained intact or partially destroyed.

The next seizure of Palmyra became more dramatic. Militants of the criminal group IS, which is considered illegal in Russia, began the destruction of the famous antique amphitheater, where the orchestra gave a concert last May Mariinsky theaterconducted by Valery Gergiev. Terrorists are destroying and other architectural monuments, people are executed.

The capital of the Russian state is rich in architectural monuments. Originating in 1147, Moscow has always attracted the attention of architects, artists, people of art from different countries the world. They built, decorated buildings, made entire complexes unique.

Many of them are lost forever due to numerous fires, wars of conquest, political reforms, when unique buildings were demolished, instead of them, bulky buildings were erected, distinguished by their tasteless, unsightly appearance. Some of the architectural monuments of Moscow have survived only in the annals.

By a lucky coincidence, many old buildings in the capital of Russia are alive and continue to amaze with their beauty, incredible mix of styles. Most of them are examples of Russian architecture. One of the unique architectural monuments is the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.

This monument has a dramatic fate. Its construction was the gratitude of the Russian people to the Almighty for their help in the war with Napoleon. First, the building was laid according to the project approved by Alexander I, which won a large competition by the famous architect A.L. Vitberg. This happened in the October days of 1817. Soon it is discovered that the soil under the future building is weak due to the small rivers flowing under it.

Alexander I dies. Nicholas I, who replaced him, stops construction. This takes place in 1826. After 6 years, the autocrat approves the project proposed by the architect K.A. Ton. In the first half of April 1839, the second solemn ceremony of laying the foundation for the Temple takes place. And only 43 and a half years later there was a celebration of its opening. The construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was under the patronage of four autocrats: Alexander I, Nicholas I, Alexander II and Alexander III. The gates are made according to the samples presented by Count F. Tolstoy.

In historical terms, the Temple lived a very short life. First, in 1918, he was completely deprived of state support according to a decree that spoke about the separation of the state from the church and the church from the school. This was the beginning of the persecution of the church, which subsequently took on a gigantic scale. And the black date of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior came - December 5, 1931.

The temple, which personifies, first of all, the memory of the glory of Russian soldiers, was destroyed in a barbaric way. But this memory lived in the hearts of ordinary people, just as the dream of reviving the Temple did not die with time. The movement to revive it emerged on the eve of the 90s. And this movement echoed in the hearts of the people of the whole country.

Composers V.P. Mokrousov and G.V. Sviridov, writers V.G.Rasputin, V.P. Krupin and V.A. Soloukhin stood at the origins of this movement. The ROC Synod blessed the restoration of the building and addressed the country's leadership with a corresponding message. In the request, a proposal was made to restore the building of the future cathedral in the place where it originally stood. In August 1996, Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the main throne. It happened in the Transfiguration Church. Soon, divine services began here. The Russian Academy of Arts revived the decoration of the Temple in an incredibly short time. Many masters of painting, sculptors, showed their skills. It is believed that this work has no analogues.

Shortly before the onset of 2000, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was consecrated by Patriarch Alexy II, who served a prayer service on this occasion. Today it is the highest of the Orthodox churches, the cathedral. It is an outstanding architectural monument that embodies the spirit of the times of two centuries.

A miracle of architecture is called the Temple of the Sun God, which is located in the state of Orissa (India), on the shores of the Bay of Bengal. Although the bay receded over time, and the coast from the temple is 3 kilometers away. Everything here is under the exaltation of the Sun. Even the place was not chosen by chance. After all, Konarak in translation into Russian means the territory of sunshine.

Archaeologists, together with historians, managed to establish that the beginning of the construction of the Temple dates back to 1243. It was built by order of Raja Narasimhadev, who ruled Orissa at that time. It took only 18 years for builders and architects of that time to build such a wonderful structure. During this time, walls were erected, a 60-meter tower, carvings were applied, which adorned the halls from the inside.

The temple is mysterious. For example, it is still not known why drawings depicting carnal pleasures occupy a large place in this religious institution. Some researchers see religious motives in these drawings. From the drawings, scientists are trying to understand the basis of the religious cult of the people.

Although the annals say that during the construction of the Temple there were no special difficulties, they, of course, were. Only one delivery by sea of \u200b\u200bbuilding materials from quarries was worth what. Every detail in the design of the halls has been thought out and executed with special grace.

Three types of stones were used to build the sanctuary. The color of the stones was supposed to sparkle under the rays, glowing in different shades. "Black Pagoda" - this is sometimes called this architectural monument. It really looks like a pagoda from the outside. And if you look before sunrise, standing between the first rays and the Temple, it appears black.

Researchers associate the heyday of the Surya Temple in Konarak with the last decades of the 13th century. The ceremonies were held there for two centuries. Then, for some hitherto unsolved reasons, a decline came. Perhaps it was partially devastated and caused some destruction by the conquerors, others rely on natural disasters. Although the monument has survived to this day. He, according to historians, is one big mystery. Surya Temple in Konarak on the UNESCO list. This is truly greatest monument architecture and history.

According to myths, merchants from Venice in 828 stole the relics of the Apostle Mark from the Egyptian city of Alexandria. The Muslim guards did not suspect that the merchants were transporting the stolen remains of the apostle in a container with pork meat. First, the relics were placed in the chapel of the Doge's palace. This structure was hastily built and was considered temporary. Subsequently, solely with the aim of preserving the relics of St. Mark, a cathedral was built. It was built in three years - from 829 to 832. Soon it burned down. In 976, the building was restored. But even later, over the centuries, its arrangement did not stop.

Merchants from the East brought capitals, columns, friezes, and other works of art to Venice specifically to decorate the basilica. The brickwork gradually disappeared under the marble cladding. Above it appeared drawings made by masters of painting long before the appearance of the cathedral itself.

"Golden Altar", as they call the altar of Pala d? Oro, on the creation of which jewelers from Byzantium worked from the 10th to the 12th century, was adorned with precious stones, the total number of which reached two thousand. In 1797, Napoleon stole some of the stones. But most of the jewelry is still under reliable protection.

All this gradually transformed the cathedral. But the outwardly unique structure remained as it was. No add-ons or additions were made. Long time the building was the doge's chapel. Only at the beginning of the 19th century it received the status of the city's Cathedral. A museum was opened here.

Currently, St. Mark's Cathedral is recognized as an example of Byzantine architecture. It is located next to the Grand Canal. The treasury contains relics, masterpieces of world art, rare icons, and various relics. Since 1987, the basilica is under the protection of UNESCO.

There are many architectural monuments in the world. Among them, the most significant Antique Theater d? Orange in the French Republic, the Bolshoi Theater in the capital of Russia, the Athenian Acropolis in Greece and many others. Humanity is faced with the task of preserving architectural monuments, making sure that, having stood for centuries and millennia, they continue their lives and help solve the riddles of the past, teach new generations to see beauty, enjoy it, in order to multiply it in their future lives.