1.1.3. Compare this fragment of the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" with the following fragment from the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". What conclusions did this comparison lead you to?

1.2.3. Compare M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Duma" with the poem of the same name by N. A. Nekrasov below. What conclusions did this comparison lead you to?

Read the fragments of the works below and complete task 1.1.3.

VI To your village at the same time The new landowner galloped And equally rigorous analysis In the neighborhood gave a reason: By the name of Vladimir Lenskoy, With a soul straight from Goettingen, Handsome, in full bloom of years, Kant's admirer and poet. He is from foggy Germany Bring the fruits of learning: freedom dreams, The spirit is ardent and rather strange, Always an enthusiastic speech And shoulder-length black curls. VII From the cold debauchery of the world Haven't faded yet His soul was warmed Hello friend, caress maidens; He had a sweet heart, an ignorant one, He was cherished by hope And the world's new shine and noise Still captivated the young mind. He amused with a sweet dream Doubts of his heart; The purpose of our life for him Was a tempting mystery He broke his head over her And I suspected miracles. VIII He believed that the soul is dear Must connect with him What, hopelessly languishing, She is waiting for him every day; He believed that friends were ready For his honor, accept fetters And that their hand will not tremble Break the slanderer's vessel; What are the chosen by fate, People sacred friends; That their immortal family By irresistible rays Someday we will be enlightened And the world will give bliss. IX Resentment, regret Good for pure love And glory sweet torment In it, blood was stirred early. He traveled the world with a lyre; Under the skies of Schiller and Goethe Their poetic fire The soul ignited in him; And the muses of sublime art, Lucky, he did not shame: He proudly preserved in songs Always high feelings Gusts of a virgin dream And the beauty of important simplicity. X He sang love, obedient to love, And his song was clear Like the thoughts of a simple-hearted maiden, Like a baby's dream, like the moon In the deserts of the serene sky, Goddess of secrets and gentle sighs. He sang separation and sadness, And something, and foggy distance, And romantic roses; He sang those distant countries Where long in the bosom of silence His living tears flowed; He sang the faded color of life Nearly eighteen years old.

A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

**********************************

Grushnitsky - Junker. He is only a year in the service, wears, in a special kind of foppery, a thick soldier's overcoat. He has a St. George soldier's cross. He is well built, swarthy and black-haired; he looks to be twenty-five years old, although he is hardly twenty-one years old. He throws his head back when he speaks, and continually twists his mustache with his left hand, for with his right he leans on a crutch. He speaks quickly and pretentiously: he is one of those people who have ready-made pompous phrases for all occasions, who are simply not touched by the beautiful and who importantly drape themselves in extraordinary feelings, sublime passions and exceptional suffering. To produce an effect is their delight; romantic provincial women like them to the point of madness. In old age, they become either peaceful landowners or drunkards - sometimes both. In their souls there are often many good qualities, but not a penny worth of poetry. Grushnitsky's passion was to recite: he bombarded you with words, as soon as the conversation left the circle of ordinary concepts; I could never argue with him. He does not answer your objections, he does not listen to you. As soon as you stop, he starts a long tirade, apparently having some connection with what you said, but which is really only a continuation of his own speech.

He is rather sharp: his epigrams are often funny, but there are never marks and evil: he will not kill anyone with one word; he does not know people and their weak strings, because he has been occupied with himself all his life. His goal is to become the hero of the novel. He tried so often to assure others that he was a creature not created for the world, doomed to some secret suffering, that he almost convinced himself of this. That is why he wears his thick soldier's overcoat so proudly. I understood him, and for this he does not love me, although we outwardly are on the most friendly terms. Grushnitsky is reputed to be an excellent brave man; I saw him in action; he waves his sword, shouts and rushes forward, closing his eyes. This is something not Russian courage! ..

I don't like him either: I feel that someday we will collide with him on a narrow road, and one of us will be unhappy.

His arrival in the Caucasus is also a consequence of his romantic fanaticism: I am sure that on the eve of his departure from his father's village, he spoke with a gloomy look to some pretty neighbor that he was not going just to serve, but that he was looking for death, because .. here, he probably covered his eyes with his hand and continued like this: “No, you (or you) should not know this! Your pure soul will shudder! Yes, and why? What am I to you! Will you understand me? - and so on. He himself told me that the reason that prompted him to join the K. regiment would remain an eternal secret between him and heaven.

M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"

Read the works below and complete task 1.2.3.

Thought Sadly, I look at our generation! His future is either empty or dark, Meanwhile, under the burden of knowledge and doubt, It will grow old in inaction. We are rich, barely from the cradle, The mistakes of the fathers and their late mind, And life is already tormenting us, like a smooth path without a goal, Like a feast at someone else's holiday. Shamefully indifferent to good and evil, At the beginning of the race we wither without a fight; In the face of danger shamefully cowardly And before the authorities - despicable slaves. So skinny fruit, ripe before its time, Not pleasing our taste, nor our eyes, Hanging between flowers, an orphaned stranger, And the hour of their beauty is its fall hour! We dried up the mind with fruitless science, Taya enviously from neighbors and friends Unbelief ridiculed passions. We barely touched the cup of pleasure, But we did not save our young forces; From every joy, fearing satiety, We best juice taken out forever. Dreams of poetry, creation of art Sweet delight does not stir our mind; We greedily keep in the chest the rest of the feeling Buried by avarice and useless treasure. When the fire boils in the blood. And our ancestors are boring luxury fun, Their conscientious, childish depravity; And we hurry to the grave without happiness and without glory, Looking back mockingly. Crowd gloomy and soon forgotten We will pass over the world without noise or trace, Not throwing for centuries a fruitful thought, Nor the genius of the work begun. And our ashes, with the severity of a judge and a citizen, A descendant will offend with a contemptuous verse, The mockery of the bitter deceived son Over the squandered father. M. Yu. Lermontov

Thought What is longing and contrition, What is the daily sadness Murmuring, tears, regret - What do we spend, what do we regret? Is the misfortune of a short life For us, the most painful And happiness is so full and sweet What is it worth crying without him?... Swimmers minute in a stormy sea Earthly happiness is incomplete And conquer earthly grief We have been given enough power. Our suffering, our torment, When we tear them down with prayer, For happiness, a strong guarantee In a different house, in a holy country; The world is not eternal, people are not eternal, We will leave the minute house, Will fly out of the chest The soul is an ethereal moth, - And all tears will become pearls Shine in the rays of her crown, And let suffering, softer than roses, She will be paved the way to her father's house. Through the swampy tundra and mountains, When at least the world is one good Do we think we can find them? Why grumble at suffering, Why along the dark path Rebellious life without murmuring, Do not go with the same courage; When, sometimes just as difficult, From the troubles of life and worries That path is not for momentary joy, Does it lead to eternal bliss? N. A. Nekrasov

Explanation.

1.1.3. Between Grushnitsky and Lensky one can easily detect a striking similarity. “To produce an effect is their delight; romantic provincial women like them to the point of madness. Under old age, they become either peaceful landowners or drunkards - sometimes both, ”Lermontov writes about his hero. And then the lines are even more significant: “His goal is to become the hero of the novel. He tried so often to convince others that he was a creature not created for the world, doomed to some secret suffering, that he himself almost convinced himself of this.

In "Eugene Onegin" about Lensky we read:

Resentment, regret

Good for pure love

And glory sweet torment

In it, blood was stirred early.

Similar? Without a doubt!

Both Grushnitsky and Lensky are more like spectators than participants in the life raging around them, they have no future, they only help to reveal a different, more significant character. Therefore, their fate is sealed.

1.2.3. The central idea of ​​both poems is the condemnation of the spiritual apathy of a generation that is unable to "guess" its destiny and find high civil and moral ideals. Lermontov condemns his generation for the insignificance of an aimless existence:

And we hate, and we love by chance,

Sacrificing nothing to either malice or love,

And some kind of secret cold reigns in the soul,

When the fire boils in the blood.

Nekrasov calls to think again, to remember the great destiny of man and boldly embark on the path of struggle:

Why grumble at suffering,

Why along the dark path

Rebellious life without murmuring,

Don't go with the same courage...

In Lermontov's poem, hopelessness sounds, disbelief that changes are possible, that there are forces that can change something. Nekrasov still notes and positive side of his generation:

Do we often walk with courage

Through the swampy tundra and mountains,

When at least the world is one good

Do we think we can find them?

Therefore, Nekrasov believes:

And conquer earthly grief

We have been given enough power.

He believed that the soul is dear
Must connect with him
What, hopelessly languishing,
She is waiting for him every day;
He believed that friends were ready
For his honor to accept shackles,
And that their hand will not tremble
Break the slanderer's vessel;
What are the chosen by fate,
People sacred friends;
That their immortal family
irresistible beams,
Someday, we will be enlightened
And the world will give bliss.

A premonition of love, faith in friends, the expectation of a great field - these are, in fact, all the "gifts" of Lensky, the typical virtues of youth, with which Onegin allowed himself to be interested here, in the countryside, in the wilderness.

(Yes, and who could resist? It is tempting, after all, to bring together in a conversation the real passions of a youngster with his stylized ghosts of irrevocable days, so that the “feelings of the old ardor” would piquantly “take possession of him for a minute” ...)

And further. On the meaning of the last six lines of the stanza. Of course, it seems to us, spontaneous sociologists, that Lotman is right, and these lines are about Korbanarians - but look, in the sixth chapter, describing the death of Lensky, Pushkin again cites the “complete lexicon” of his soul, and what then? No revolution, - poetry filled the soul of the unfortunate young man:
"And you, cherished dreams,
You, ghost of unearthly life,
You, the dreams of the poetry of the saint!
(6 chapter XXXVI),
Echoing the stanza under consideration - also at its end, after “love”, but in plain text, without the possibility of discrepancies: poetry.

Rereading individual chapters of Eugene Onegin, I became interested in the lines in chapter 2, stanza VII of the novel, where the poet semi-ironically writes about Lensky, a young romantic dreamer who ardently believed in the kinship of souls and the strength of friendly ties. The full stanza goes like this:

He believed that the soul is dear

Must connect with him;

What is hopelessly languishing

She is waiting for him every day;

He believed that friends were ready

For his honor to accept shackles,

And that their hand will not tremble

Break the slanderer's vessel;

What are the chosen by fate

People's sacred friends

That their immortal family

By irresistible rays

Someday we will be enlightened

And the world will give bliss.

The six lines I have highlighted are enigmatic and beautiful. To better understand the poet's thought, I had to turn to draft versions - early and late:

That few are chosen by the Fates

That life is their best gift from Heaven

And hearts incorruptible heat

And the genius of power over minds

Love, goodness dedicated

And the Force is equal in valor.

What are the chosen ones

That their life is the best gift from heaven

And thoughts incorruptible heat

And the genius of power over minds

dedicated to the good of people,

And glory valiantly equal.

Pushkin scholars explain these six lines in different ways. Yu.N. Tynyanov compares them with the poem by V.Kyukhelbeker "Poets" (1820). There is some reason for this: the poem says that Kronion, the lord of heaven, seeing the suffering fallen humanity, sends poets to earth who must be reborn among people and save humanity; they are designed to turn people's eyes to the divine world.

Page of the manuscript of the 2nd chapter of "Eugene Onegin"

Yu.M. Lotman considers such a comparison to be incorrect. Here, in his opinion, Pushkin deliberately vaguely writes about his Decembrist friends. Six lines of stanza VIII were printed only once during the life of the poet - in the almanac "Northern Flowers" in 1825, in two separate editions of the novel, in 1833 and 1837, the lines are missing. Instead, Pushkin, after the line: "What are the chosen ones by fate," put five rows of dots. V. Koshelev believes that the end of the stanza is the beginning of an unknown controversy.

Pushkin's poetry has many meanings. Its musical graceful form often hides several artistic and philosophical levels of content, which together represent an indissoluble unity. Often, researchers, understanding the complexity of Pushkin's poetry, take up the study of only its closest levels, since they are often multi-component and polysemantic. The Russian philosopher S. L. Frank wrote beautifully about this feature of Pushkin's poetic heritage.

But let's try to understand the closest meaning of the mysterious lines, combine their various variants and read the exciting news (albeit shaded by the poet's light irony, but no less lively and joyful):

“There are holy patrons of mankind in the world.

- They are few.

- They are chosen by High Predestination.

— Their life is a gift from Heaven (cosmos) to the Earth, their fiery, incorruptible hearts and thoughts, their Higher Gifts, which have an impact on minds, are dedicated to goodness, love for people, equally powerful and valiant.

— The Chosen Ones are connected by bonds of spiritual kinship, therefore together they make up a single family.

- This family is immortal, because it lives according to cosmic laws.

- The Chosen have beams so powerful that they cannot be deflected or evaded.

— The time will come when the chosen ones will illuminate humanity irresistible rays and give the world the highest happiness.

What did Pushkin want to tell the world with these lines? Did he believe in the existence of the Immortal Family? If this is the beginning of a controversy, then about what and with whom?

We bring to your attention summary chapter by chapter novel " Eugene Onegin» A.S. Pushkin.

Chapter 1.

Eugene Onegin, the "young rake" is sent to receive the inheritance inherited from his uncle. The following is a biography of Eugene Onegin:

« ... The fate of Eugene kept:
At first Madame followed him,
Then Monsieur replaced her;
The child was sharp, but cute ...«

« ... When will the rebellious youth
It's time for Eugene
It's time for hope and tender sadness,
Monsieur was driven out of the yard.
Here is my Onegin at large;
Cut in the latest fashion;
How dandy London is dressed -
And finally saw the light.
He's completely French
Could speak and write;
Easily danced the mazurka
And bowed casually; ..«

« ... He had a happy talent
No compulsion to speak
Touch everything lightly
With a learned air of a connoisseur
Keep silent in an important dispute
And make the ladies smile
The fire of unexpected epigrams ... "

« ... Scolded Homer, Theocritus;
But read Adam Smith
And there was a deep economy, .. "

Of all the sciences, Onegin mastered the most " the science of tender passion«:
« ... How early could he be hypocritical,
Hold hope, be jealous
disbelieve, make believe
To seem gloomy, to languish,
Be proud and obedient
Attentive or indifferent!
How languidly he was silent,
How eloquently eloquent
How careless in heartfelt letters!
One breathing, one loving,
How could he forget himself!
How swift and gentle his gaze was,
Shameful and impudent, and sometimes
He shone with an obedient tear! .. "

«. .. He used to be in bed,
They carry notes to him.
What? Invitations? Indeed?
Three houses for the evening call:
There will be a ball, there is a children's party.
Where will my prankster go?
Who will he start with? Doesn't matter:
It’s no wonder to catch up everywhere ... "

Onegin - " the evil legislator of the theater, a fickle admirer of charming actresses, an honorary citizen of the backstage". After the theater, Onegin hurries home to change. Pushkin describes Onegin's office and his manner of dressing:

« ... Everything than for a plentiful whim
Trades London scrupulous
And along the Baltic waves
For the forest and fat carries us,
Everything in Paris tastes hungry,
Having chosen a useful trade,
Inventing for fun
For luxury, for fashionable bliss, -
Everything decorates the office.
A philosopher at eighteen...«

« ... You can be a smart person
And think about the beauty of nails:
Why fruitlessly argue with the century?
Custom despot among people.
The second Chadaev, my Eugene,
Fearing jealous judgments
There was a pedant in his clothes
And what we called a dandy.
It's three hours at least
He spent before the mirrors ... "

Having changed clothes, Onegin goes to the ball. Pushkin's judgment about balls and women's legs follows. The ball ends in the morning and Eugene Onegin goes to bed. A lyrical digression follows about the life of business-minded Petersburg. Immediately, Pushkin wonders if his hero was happy with such a life:

« ... No: early feelings in him cooled down;
He was tired of the light noise;
The beauties didn't last long
The subject of his habitual thoughts;
Treason managed to tire;
Friends and friendship are tired ... "

Onegin mopes, grows cold towards life and towards women. He tries to engage in literary work, but in order to compose one must work hard, which Onegin is not very attracted to. He's writing: " I read and read, but to no avail ...» During this period, Pushkin met Onegin:

«… I liked his features
Dreams involuntary devotion
Inimitable strangeness
And a sharp, chilled mind…»

Together they are going to travel, but Onegin's father dies. After his death, all remaining property is distributed among creditors. Then Onegin receives news that his uncle is dying. Uncle bequeathed his property to Onegin. Eugene goes to say goodbye to his uncle, upset in advance by the impending boredom. But when he arrives, he finds him already dead.

« ... Here is our Onegin - a villager,
Factories, waters, forests, lands
The owner is complete, but hitherto
The order of the enemy and the waster,
And I am very glad that the old way
Changed to something…”

But soon Onegin's rural life becomes boring. But Pushkin likes it.

Chapter 2

Onegin decides to carry out a series of transformations now in his village:

« ... He is the yoke of the old corvée
I replaced the quitrent with a light one;
And the slave blessed fate ...«

Onegin is not very fond of his neighbors, and therefore they stopped communicating with him. Soon, the landowner Vladimir Lensky arrives at his estate, located next to Onegin's lands.

«… Handsome, in full bloom of years,
Kant's admirer and poet.
He is from foggy Germany
Bring the fruits of learning:
freedom dreams,
The spirit is ardent and rather strange,
Always an enthusiastic speech
And black curls to the shoulders ...«

Lensky was a romantic:

« ... He believed that the soul is dear
Must connect with him
What, hopelessly languishing,
She is waiting for him every day;
He believed that friends were ready
For his honor to accept fetters
And that their hand will not tremble
Break the slanderer's vessel...«

Lensky in the district is received with pleasure and is perceived as a groom. However, Lensky communicates with pleasure only with Eugene Onegin.

« …They got together. Wave and stone
Poetry and prose, ice and fire
Not so different...«

«. .. Between them everything gave rise to disputes
And it got me thinking:
Tribes of past treaties,
The fruits of science, good and evil,
And age-old prejudices
And fatal secrets of the coffin ...«

Onegin and Lensky become friends with nothing to do". They see each other every day. Larins lived in these places. Vladimir, while still a teenager, was in love with Olga Larina. This is how Pushkin describes Olga:

« ... Always modest, always obedient,
Always as cheerful as the morning
How simple is the life of a poet,
Like a kiss of love sweet
Eyes as blue as the sky;
Smile, linen curls,
Movement, voice, light camp -
Everything in Olga ... but any novel
Take it and find it, right
Her portrait: he is very sweet,
I used to love him myself
But he bored me immensely ...«

Olga has an older sister, Tatyana. Tatyana Pushkin describes it like this:

« ... Wild, sad, silent,
Like a forest doe, timid,
She is in her family
Seemed like a stranger girl.
She couldn't caress
To my father, not to my mother;
A child by herself, in a crowd of children
Didn't want to play and jump
And often all day alone
Sitting silently by the window...«

Tatyana loved to read novels that her relative Princess Alina recommended to her. The story of Princess Alina is described below. When she was a girl, she fell in love with a military man, but her parents married her without her consent to another. The husband took Alina to the village, where she soon forgot her ardent love and enthusiastically took up housekeeping:

« ... The habit from above is given to us:
She is a substitute for happiness ... "

« ... They kept in a peaceful life
Sweet old habits;
They have oily Shrovetide
There were Russian pancakes;
Twice a year they fasted;
Loved the round swing
Podbludny songs, round dance;
On Trinity Day, when people
Yawning listens to a prayer,
Tenderly on a beam of dawn
They shed three tears;
They needed kvass like air,
And at the table they have guests
They carried dishes according to ranks ...«

Vladimir Lensky visits the grave of Olga's father. Writes "tombstone madrigal". The chapter ends with philosophical reflections on generational change.

Chapter 3

Lensky begins to visit the Larins as often as possible. Ultimately, he spends all his free time with the Larins. Onegin asks Lensky to introduce him to Larin. Onegin is eagerly welcomed and treated. Onegin is greatly impressed by Tatyana. Neighbors around begin to spread rumors that Tatiana and Onegin will soon get married. Tatyana falls in love with Eugene:

«… The time has come, she fell in love ...«

« ... For a long time heart yearning
It pressed her young breast;
The soul was waiting ... for someone,
and waited...«

Now, rereading the novels, Tatyana imagines herself to be one of the heroines. Acting according to the stereotype, he is going to write a letter to his lover. But Onegin has long ceased to be a romantic:

«. ..Tatiana, dear Tatiana!
With you now I shed tears;
You are in the hands of a fashion tyrant
I gave up my fate...«

One night, Tatyana and the nanny started talking about the past. And then Tatyana admits that she has fallen in love. But she did not reveal the name of her lover:

«… Tatyana loves not jokingly
And surrender unconditionally
Love like a sweet child.
She does not say: postpone -
We will multiply the price of love,
Rather, we will start the network;
First, vanity with a stake
Hope, there is bewilderment
We'll torment the heart, and then
Jealous revive fire;
And then, bored with pleasure,
Slave cunning of shackles
Ready to break out all the time…»

Tatyana decides to write a frank letter to Onegin. Writes in French, because. " she didn't speak Russian well«.

Tatyana Onegin's letter(P.S. Usually this passage is asked to memorize)

« ... I am writing to you - what more?
What else can I say?
Now I know in your will
Punish me with contempt.
But you, to my unfortunate lot
Though a drop of pity keeping,
You won't leave me.
At first I wanted to be silent;
Believe me: my shame
You would never know
When I had hope
Rarely, at least once a week
To see you in our village
Just to hear your words
You say a word, and then
All think, think about one thing
And day and night until a new meeting.
But they say you are unsociable;
In the wilderness, in the village, everything is boring for you,
And we ... we do not shine with anything,
Even though you are welcome.
Why did you visit us?
In the wilderness of a forgotten village
I would never know you
I would not know bitter torment.
Souls of inexperienced excitement
Reconciled with time (who knows?),
By heart I would find a friend,
Would be a faithful wife
And a good mother.
Another! .. No, no one in the world
I wouldn't give my heart!
That is the predestined council in the highest ...
That is the will of heaven: I am yours;
My whole life has been a pledge
Faithful goodbye to you;
I know you were sent to me by God
Until the grave you are my keeper ...
You appeared to me in dreams
Invisible, you were already sweet to me,
Your wonderful look tormented me,
Your voice resounded in my soul
For a long time ... no, it was not a dream!
You just entered, I instantly found out
All numb, blazed
And in her thoughts she said: here he is!
Isn't it true? I heard you
You spoke to me in silence
When I helped the poor
Or comforted by prayer
The anguish of an agitated soul?
And at this very moment
Aren't you, sweet vision,
Flickered in the transparent darkness,
Crouched quietly to the headboard?
Is it not you, with joy and love,
Words of hope whispered to me?
Who are you, my guardian angel
Or an insidious tempter:
Resolve my doubts.
Maybe it's all empty
Deception of an inexperienced soul!
And something completely different is destined ...
But so be it! my fate
From now on, I give you
I shed tears in front of you
I beg your protection...
Imagine I'm here alone
Nobody understands me,
My mind is failing
And I must die silently.
I'm waiting for you: with a single look
Revive the hopes of the heart
Or break a heavy dream,
Alas, a well-deserved reproach!
I'm cumming! Scary to read...
I freeze with shame and fear ...
But your honor is my guarantee,
And I boldly entrust myself to her ... "

In the morning Tatyana asks the nanny to send this letter to Onegin. Two days pass. But there is no news from Onegin. Lensky arrives without Yevgeny. He assures that Onegin promised to come this evening. Tatyana is convinced of the correctness of Lensky's words when she sees Onegin driving up. She becomes frightened and runs into the garden, where the maids are picking berries and singing a folk song.

Chapter 4

Having received a sincere letter from Tatyana, Onegin considers it right to explain himself to the girl just as sincerely. He does not want to deceive a pure soul. He believes that over time Tatyana will get bored with him, that he will not be able to answer her with loyalty and be an honest husband.

« ... Whenever life is around the home
I wanted to limit;
When would I be a father, a spouse
A pleasant lot commanded;
When would a family picture
I was captivated even for a single moment, -
That, right b, except for you alone,
The bride was not looking for another.
I will say without madrigal sequins:
Found my old ideal
I would have chosen you alone
In the girlfriend of my sad days,
All the best in pledge,
And I would be happy ... as much as I could!
But I'm not made for bliss;
My soul is alien to him;
In vain are your perfections:
I don't deserve them at all.
Believe me (conscience is a guarantee),
Marriage will be torture for us.
As much as I love you,
Having got used, I will stop loving immediately;
Start crying: your tears
Don't touch my heart
And they will only piss him off...«

« ... Learn to rule yourself:
Not everyone will understand you like me;
Inexperience leads to trouble...»

Tatyana listens to Onegin's confession barely breathing, no objection". A lyrical digression follows about relatives and relatives who remember you only on holidays, about loving, but fickle women. To the question " Whom to love? Whom to believe?", Pushkin answers the following:" Work in vain without ruining, love yourself". After explanations with Onegin, Tatyana falls into melancholy.

Meanwhile, between Olga Larina and Vladimir Lensky, a romance develops in the happiest way. A lyrical digression follows about poems in ladies' albums and Pushkin's attitude towards them.

Onegin lives trouble-free in the countryside. Autumn passes, winter comes. In a lyrical digression, a description of autumn and the beginning of winter follows. Lensky has dinner with Onegin, admires Olga and invites Onegin to Tatyana's name day to the Larins. Lensky and Olga are soon to get married. The day of the wedding has been set.

Chapter 5

The chapter begins with a description of winter nature.

« ... Winter! .. The peasant, triumphant,
On firewood, updates the path;
His horse, smelling snow,
Trotting somehow...«

It's time for divination.

« ... Tatyana believed the legends
common folk antiquity,
And dreams, and card fortune-telling,
And the predictions of the moon ...«

At night, Tatyana has a dream. Dream of Tatyana Larina:

She is walking across the field. He sees a stream in front of him. but in order to cross it, one must pass over rickety footbridges. She is scared. Suddenly, a bear crawls out from under the snow and extends a helping paw to her. She crosses the stream, leaning on a bear's paw. Tatyana follows into the forest. Behind her is the same bear. She is frightened, very tired and falls into the snow. The bear picks her up and takes her to the hut of his godfather. Tatyana sees Onegin sitting at the table through a crack. He is surrounded on all sides by monsters. Tatyana opens the door to the room. But because of the draft, all the candles are blown out. Tatyana tries to run away. But the monsters surround her and block the way. Then Onegin defends the girl: “ My! Eugene said ominously...» The monsters disappear. Onegin puts Tatyana on a bench, puts his head on her shoulder. Here Olga and Lensky enter the room. Unexpectedly, Onegin draws a knife and kills Lensky.

Tatyana wakes up from such a nightmare. She tries to solve a terrible dream, but she does not succeed.

Guests are coming for a name day: the fat Pustyakovs; landowner Gvozdin, owner of poor men"; spouses Skotinina with children of all ages (from 2 to 13 years old); " county dandy Petushkov"; Monsieur Triquet, wit, recently from Tambov“who brings Tatyana congratulatory poems; company commander, mature ladies idol". Guests are invited to the table. Lensky and Onegin arrive. Tatyana is embarrassed, ready to faint, but pulls herself together. Onegin, terribly unloving " tragi-nervous phenomena“, as well as provincial feasts, is angry with Lensky, who persuaded him to go to the Larins on Tatiana’s day. After dinner, the guests sit down for cards, others decide to move on to dancing. Onegin, angry with Lensky, decides to take revenge on him and, in spite of himself, constantly invites Olga, whispers in her ear " some vulgar madrigal". Olga refuses Lensky to dance, because. before the end of the ball, she had already promised them all to Onegin. Lensky leaves, having decided to challenge Onegin to a duel.

Chapter 6

After the ball, Onegin returns home. The rest of the guests stay with the Larins. Here Zaretsky comes to Onegin, once a brawler, ataman of a gambling gang, head of a rake, tribune of a tavern". He gives Onegin a note with a challenge to a duel from Vladimir Lensky. Eugene replies " Always ready!“, but in his heart he regrets that he provoked a young friend to righteous anger and a feeling of jealousy. However, Onegin is afraid of the gossip that he will spread. old duelist» Zaretsky, if Onegin shows himself « not a ball of prejudice, not an ardent boy, a fighter, but a husband with honor and intelligence". Before the duel, Lensky meets with Olga. She shows no change in their relationship. Returning home, Lensky checks pistols, reads Schiller, dark and dull writes love poems. The duel was to take place in the morning. Onegin wakes up and is therefore late. Zaretsky is surprised when he sees that Onegin comes to the duel without seconds and generally violates all the rules of the duel. Onegin introduces his French footman as a second: “ Although he is an unknown person, but, of course, an honest fellow". Onegin shoots and " the poet silently drops the pistol". Onegin is horrified by what happened. His conscience torments him. Pushkin reflects on how everything would have turned out if Lensky had not been killed in a duel. Perhaps Lensky would have become a great poet, or perhaps an ordinary rural inhabitant. At the end of the chapter, Pushkin sums up his poetic fate.

Chapter 7

The chapter begins with a description of spring nature. Everyone has already forgotten about Lensky. Olga married a lancer and went with him to the regiment. After the departure of her sister, Tatyana increasingly recalls Onegin. She visits his house and his office. Reads his books with his notes. She sees a portrait of Lord Byron and a cast-iron statue of Napoleon. She begins to understand Onegin's way of thinking.

«. .. An eccentric sad and dangerous,
Creation of hell or heaven
This angel, this arrogant demon,
What is he? Is it an imitation
An insignificant ghost, or else
Muscovite in Harold's cloak,
Alien whims interpretation,
Full lexicon of fashionable words?..
Isn't he a parody?«

Tatyana's mother decides to go to Moscow in the winter for the “bride fair”, because believes that the time has come to decide the fate of Tatyana and marry her. A lyrical digression follows about bad Russian roads, Moscow is described. In Moscow, the Larins stay with their relative Alina and " Tanya is delivered every day at family dinners". In the relatives no change seen«:

« ... Everything in them is on the old sample:
At Aunt Princess Elena's
All the same tulle cap;
Everything is whitening Lukerya Lvovna,
All the same Lyubov Petrovna lies,
Ivan Petrovich is just as stupid
Semyon Petrovich is also stingy ...»

Tatyana does not tell anyone about her unrequited love for Eugene Onegin. She is burdened by the metropolitan way of life. She doesn't like balls, having to deal with multiple faces, and listening to " vulgar nonsense» Moscow relatives. She is uncomfortable and wants the old village solitude. Finally, an important general pays attention to Tatyana. At the end of the chapter, the author gives an introduction to the novel.

Chapter 8

The chapter starts with digression about poetry, about the muse and about the poetic fate of Pushkin. Further, at one of the receptions, Pushkin meets Onegin again:

« ... Onegin (I'll take care of him again),
Killing a friend in a duel
Having lived without a goal, without labor
Until the age of twenty-six
Languishing in idle leisure
No service, no wife, no business,
Couldn't do anything...«

Onegin traveled for some time. Returning, he went to the ball, where he met a lady who seemed familiar to him:

« ... She was leisurely,
Not cold, not talkative
Without an arrogant look for everyone,
No claim to success
Without these little antics
No imitations...
Everything is quiet, it was just in it ...«

Onegin asks the prince who this lady is. The prince replies that this is his wife - nee Larina Tatyana. The friend and prince introduces Onegin to his wife. Tatiana betrays neither her feelings nor her previous acquaintance with Eugene. She asks Onegin: How long has he been here, where is he from? And is it not from their sides? Onegin is amazed at such changes in the once open and frank Tatyana. He leaves the party in thought:

« ... Is it the same Tatyana,
Which he alone
At the beginning of our romance
In a deaf, distant side,
In the good heat of moralizing
I used to read instructions
The one from which he keeps
Letter where the heart says
Where everything is outside, everything is free,
That girl... is it a dream?
The girl he
Neglected in humble share,
Was she with him now?
So indifferent, so brave?«

The prince invites Onegin to his evening, where he gathers " the color of the capital, and nobility, and fashion samples, everywhere you meet faces, necessary fools. Onegin accepts the invitation and is once again surprised at the changes in Tatyana. She now " legislator hall". Onegin falls in love in earnest, begins to court Tatyana and follows her everywhere. But Tatyana is indifferent. Onegin writes Tatyana a letter in which he sincerely repents of his former fear of losing " hateful freedom«. Onegin's letter to Tatyana:

« I foresee everything: you will be offended
Sad mystery explanation.
What bitter contempt
Your proud look will portray!
What I want? for what purpose
Will I open my soul to you?
What evil fun
Maybe I'll give you a reason!
When I accidentally met you,
I notice a spark of tenderness in you,
I didn't dare believe her.
Habit sweet did not give way;
Your hateful freedom
I didn't want to lose.
Another thing tore us apart...
Lensky fell as an unfortunate victim ...
From everything that is dear to the heart,
Then I tore off my heart;
Alien to everyone, not bound by anything,
I thought: liberty and peace
replacement for happiness. My God!
How wrong I was, how punished ...
No, every minute to see you,
Follow you everywhere
The smile of the mouth, the movement of the eyes
Catch with loving eyes
Listen to you for a long time, understand
Soul all your perfection,
Freeze before you in agony,
To turn pale and go out ... that's bliss!
And I am deprived of that: for you
I trudge around at random;
The day is dear to me, the hour is dear to me:
And I spend in vain boredom
Fate counted days.
And they are so painful.
I know: my age is already measured;
But for my life to last
I have to be sure in the morning
That I will see you in the afternoon ...
I'm afraid, in my humble prayer
Will see your stern gaze
Contemptible cunning ventures -
And I hear your angry reproach.
If only you knew how awful
Longing for love,
Blaze - and mind all the time
Subdue the excitement in the blood;
Want to hug your knees
And, sobbing, at your feet
Pour out prayers, confessions, penalties,
Everything, everything that I could express,
And meanwhile feigned coldness
Arm both speech and gaze,
Have a calm conversation
Look at you with a cheerful look! ..
But so be it: I'm on my own
Can't resist anymore;
Everything is decided: I'm in your will,
And surrender to my fate...«

However, Tatyana did not answer this letter. she is still cold and unapproachable. Onegin is overwhelmed by the blues, he stops attending secular meetings and entertainment, constantly reads, but all thoughts still revolve around the image of Tatyana. Onegin almost lost my mind, or did not become a poet"(i.e. romantic). One spring, Eugene goes to Tatyana's house, finds her alone in tears, reading his letter:

« Oh, who would mute her suffering
I didn't read it in this quick moment!
Who is the former Tanya, poor Tanya
Now I wouldn't recognize the princess!
In anguish of insane regrets
Eugene fell at her feet;
She shuddered and was silent
And looks at Onegin
No surprise, no anger…»

Tatyana decides to explain herself to Onegin. She recalls Onegin's confession once in the garden (Chapter 4). She does not believe that Onegin is somehow to blame for her. Moreover, she finds that Onegin then treated her nobly. She understands that Onegin is in love with her because now she " rich and famous", and if Onegin manages to conquer it, then in the eyes of the world this victory will bring him" seductive honor". Tatyana assures Evgeny that " masquerade rags"and secular luxury does not appeal to her, she would gladly exchange her current position for" those places where for the first time, Onegin, I saw you". Tatyana asks Eugene not to pursue her anymore, as she intends to remain faithful to her husband, despite her love for Onegin. With these words, Tatyana leaves. Her husband appears.

Takovo summary novel " Eugene Onegin«

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