An ornament in a strip is a rhythmically repeating pattern located in a limited space, in a strip. It is intended for decorating utensils, furniture, weapons, clothing, wallpaper, baguettes for paintings, decoration printed matter and even as a tattoo.
Stripe ornament geometric
There are many directions in the visual arts. Along with realism, there are cubism, symbolism, abstraction and the like. The ornament in the strip also has conventional subdivisions. It can be pictorial and non-pictorial, that is, geometric. Skills in this area of \u200b\u200bfine arts develop a sense of beauty, a sense of space, symmetry, understanding and use of the golden ratio.
The strip is made up of circles, rhombuses, squares, lines, segments and their combinations. The first drawing skills can begin to be instilled in early childhood by the method of making applications. First, children are asked to repeat the ornament in the strip from the presented sample. Gradually, children should be given more opportunities for creativity. Let them experiment and create ornaments on their own, based on their taste and including imagination. Examples of what ornaments can be made using only a background and identical triangles are presented in this figure.
in the strip
If specific objects taken from the real world are used in the motives of the pattern, for example, the forms of plants, humans or animals, houses or ships, then such ornaments are classified as pictorial. Of course, reality in the given is not accurately reproduced. Images are simplified, stylized, typed, approaching geometrization. Figurative ornaments, in turn, are subdivided into plant, floral, zoomorphic, anthropomorphic, object and mixed. In addition to directly real objects, multidirectional lines, curls and fancy decorations are woven into the pattern. Most often, mixed ornaments are presented, where branches and leaves, butterflies and birds are depicted.
Floral ornament like "kaleidoscope"
A wide variety of patterns are used by artists to create carpet designs. What is most surprising is that geometry, one might even say physics, helps many artists in this difficult matter. Once upon a time, a children's kaleidoscope toy was invented. Inside it were mirrors, and fragments of colored glass poured into the bottom. When the "tube" was turned, the fragments formed some kind of motive, which, repeating itself many times by the reflections of mirrors, seemed to the beholder in an amazing, unique fairy light. Many ornamental designers work according to this principle. Having folded the paper circle several times in such a way that a sector is obtained - the part bounded by two radii and an arc, the artist depicts a motive on it. By copying it to all other sectors, you can get a real miracle! If you want to make an ornament in a strip, it is quite appropriate to use this circle as a repeating motive. It will only be necessary to fill in the resulting voids with a simple small ornamental motif.
State budgetary educational institution
primary vocational education
vocational lyceum No. 24 in Sibay
Methodical development of a lesson by discipline
"Fundamentals of composition and color science"
on the topic of: « Ornament. Types of ornaments "
Developed by: master of p / o qualification category I
G.K. Zainulina
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Modern world culture is the owner of a huge heritage in the field of all types of fine arts. Studying the greatest monuments of architecture, painting, sculpture and decorative and applied arts, one more area cannot be ignored artistic creation... It's about ornament. Using the role of this or that object, an ornament (Latin Ornamentum - decoration) cannot exist separately outside a certain work of art, it has applied functions. The work of art is itself, the object decorated with an ornament.
A careful study of the role and function of the ornament, it becomes obvious that its significance in the system of expressive means of a work of art is much greater than the decorating function, and is not limited to only one applied character. Unlike color, texture, plastics, which cannot exist outside a certain object, without losing their imagery, an ornament can retain it even in fragments or when redrawing. In addition, stability is inherent in a number of ornamental motives, which allows a certain motive to be used over a long period of time and on various objects, in different materials, without depriving it of the logic of the ornamental form.
Ornament is part of the material culture of society. Careful study and development of the richest heritage of this component of world artistic culture contributes to the education of artistic taste, the formation of ideas in the field of cultural history, makes it more significant inner world... Creative development of decorative and ornamental art of previous eras enriches practice contemporary artists and architects.
Lesson topic. Ornament. Types of ornaments.
Lesson objectives. 1. Familiarization of students with the ornament, with its types. Tell
about the structure of ornaments, about the variety and unity of ornamental
mental motives of countries and peoples.
2. Formation of skills and knowledge. Develop the skills of analyzing
bed, establish connections and relationships. Develop skills
plan your activities, the memory of students.
3. To cultivate friendliness, friendliness. Generate message
striking, responsibility and determination.
Lesson type. Lesson in posting new material.
Educational and methodological support and TSO.NMSokolnikov's textbook "Fine Art", "Basics of Composition", illustrations, reproductions of great artists.
During the classes
1. Organizational moment.
a) checking the attendance of students by the magazine;
b) checking the appearance;
c) checking the availability of educational supplies.
2. Checking homework.
Frontal poll:
a) What is coloristics (color science)?
b) Tell us about the history of the development of color science.
c) What contribution did Leonardo da Vinci make to the history of the development of color?
d) Tell us about Leonardo da Vinci's idea of \u200b\u200ba six-color flower row.
e) What contribution did Newton, Roger de Pil, M.V. Lomonosov and Runge make to the history of the development of color science?
3. Communication of new material.
An ornament is a pattern based on rhythmic alternation and an organized arrangement of elements.
The term "ornament" is associated with the word "decoration". Depending on the nature of the motifs, the following types of ornaments are distinguished: geometric, floral, zoomorphic, anthropomorphic and combined.
The rhythm in the ornament is the alternation of the elements of the pattern in a certain sequence.
The pattern can be flat and three-dimensional. A flat pattern is created by completely or partially superimposing one shape on another by the interpenetration of these shapes.
The flat pattern can be repeated many times. This repetition is called motive, or rapport.
Of the ornaments, the most common are ribbon, mesh and compositionally closed.
A ribbon (strip) ornament is built from identical, repeating or alternating elements located along a curved or straight line.
Repetitive elements of the same size create monotony and uniformity of rhythm, alternating elements give rise to a more “lively” composition with a growing and wave-like rhythm.
Alternating or repeating elements can be different in size, that is, they are built on the contrast of shapes (large, medium, small) with their different movement. Contrast helps to reveal the figurative characteristic of the applied forms.
Contrast can also manifest itself in the distribution of black and white spots of tone, when some spots are enhanced and others are weakened.
The principle of light contrast is of great importance, expressed in the fact that any color darkens on light, and brightens on dark. This phenomenon applies to varying degrees to both achromatic (black and white) and chromatic colors.
The ribbon ornament can be in the form of a horizontal, vertical or inclined strip. Such an ornament is characterized by openness, that is, the importance of its continuation. We will consistently follow how a striped ornament is constructed, located vertically, horizontally or in the form of an inclined strip. We draw a strip for the ornament required in width, breaking it into squares, rectangles, respectively, and draw axes of symmetry in them. Then we place pre-stylized forms, taken, for example, from sketches of plants, on a plane, building alternating elements of the ornament.
After that, we see if we are satisfied with what happened. If not, add smaller or medium-sized shapes (according to the three-component principle of these shapes).
Completing the composition, you need to determine where the darkest and lightest spots will be, how they will be repeated on the plane, where the gray spots will be located and what they will complement - dark or light elements of the ornament.
The mesh pattern is based on a cell with an ornamental motif inscribed in it - rapport. The cell size may vary.
Mesh ornament is typical for fabrics to a greater extent. The cell can be repeated several times. The mesh ornament is built in a similar way to the strip one. The main task in its construction is to correctly plot the axes of symmetry.
Symmetry in art is the exact pattern of arrangement of objects or parts of an artistic whole.
History of Origin
Ornament (Latin ornemantum - decoration) - a pattern based on the repetition and alternation of its constituent elements; designed to decorate various items. Ornament is one of the most ancient types of human visual activity, which in the distant past carried a symbolic and magical meaning, sign. In those days, when a person switched to a sedentary lifestyle and began to make tools and household items. The desire to decorate your home is characteristic of a person of any era. And yet, in ancient applied art, the magic element prevailed over the aesthetic one, acting as a talisman against the elements and evil forces. Apparently, the very first ornament adorned a vessel molded from clay, when the invention of the potter's wheel was still far away. And such an ornament consisted of a number of simple dents made on the neck with a finger at approximately equal distance from each other .. naturally, these dents could not make the vessel more convenient to use. However, they made it more interesting (pleasing to the eye) and, most importantly, "protected" from penetration of evil spirits through the throat. The same goes for decorating clothes. Magic signs on it protected the human body from evil forces. Therefore, it is not surprising that spell patterns were placed on the collar, sleeves, and hem. The origin of the ornament goes back centuries and, for the first time, its traces were captured in the Paleolithic era (15-10 thousand years BC). In the culture of the Neolithic, ornament has already reached a wide variety of forms and began to dominate. Over time, the ornament loses its dominant position and cognitive value, however, retaining an important ordering and decorating role in the system of plastic creativity. Each era, style, consistently emerging national culture developed its own system; therefore, the ornament is a reliable sign of the belonging of works to a certain time, people, country. The purpose of the ornament was determined - to decorate. Ornamentation achieves special development where conventional forms of displaying reality predominate: in the Ancient East, in pre-Columbian America, in the Asian cultures of antiquity and the Middle Ages, in the European Middle Ages. In folk art, since ancient times, stable principles and forms of ornament have been formed, which largely determine national artistic traditions. For example, in India the ancient art of rangoli (alpona) - ornamental drawing - prayer has been preserved.
Types and types of ornament
There are four types of ornaments:
Geometric ornament. The geometric ornament consists of dots, lines and geometric shapes.
Floral ornament. The floral ornament is composed of stylized leaves, flowers, fruits, branches, etc.
Zoomorphic ornament. The zoomorphic ornament includes stylized images of real or fantastic animals.
Anthropomorphic ornament. Anthropomorphic ornament uses male and female stylized figures or separate parts of the human body as motives.
Types:
Ornament in a strip with a linear vertical or horizontal alternation of the motive (ribbon)... This includes friezes, borders, borders, borders, etc.
Closed ornament. It is arranged in a rectangle, square or circle (rosettes). The motive in it either does not have a repetition, or is repeated with a rotation on a plane (the so-called rotational symmetry).
TO geometric includes ornaments, the motives of which consist of various geometric shapes, lines and their combinations.
In nature, geometric shapes do not exist. Geometric correctness is an achievement of the human mind, a way of abstraction. Any geometrically regular shape looks mechanical, dead. Almost any fundamental principle geometric shape is a really existing form, to the limits generalized and simplified. One of the main ways of creating a geometric ornament is the gradual simplification and schematization (stylization) of motifs, which initially had a pictorial character.
Elements of geometric ornament: lines - straight, broken, curves; geometric shapes - triangles, squares, rectangles, circles, ellipses, as well as complex shapes derived from combinations of simple shapes.
Fine an ornament is called, the motives of which reproduce specific objects and forms of the real world - plants (floral ornament), animals (zoomorphic motives), humans (anthropomorphic motives), etc. The real motives of nature in the ornament are significantly processed, and not reproduced, as in painting or graphics. In ornament, natural forms require one or another measure of simplification, stylization, typification and, ultimately, geometrization. This is probably due to the repeated repetition of the ornament motif.
Nature and the world around us are at the heart of ornamental art. In the creative process of designing an ornament, one has to discard insignificant details and details of objects and leave only the general, most characteristic and distinctive features. For example, a chamomile or sunflower flower may look simplistic in an ornament.
A natural form by the power of imagination is transformed with the help of conventional forms, lines, spots into something completely new. The existing shape is simplified to an extremely generalized, familiar geometric shape. This makes it possible to repeat the shape of the ornament many times. What was lost by the natural form during simplification and generalization, returns to it when using artistic ornamental means: rhythm of turns, different scale, flatness of the image, color solutions of forms in the ornament.
How does the transformation of natural forms into ornamental motives take place? First, a sketch from nature is performed, which conveys the similarities and details as accurately as possible (the stage of "photographing"). The meaning of reincarnation is the transition from a sketch to a conventional form. This is the second stage - transformation, stylization of the motive. Thus, stylization in ornament is the art of reincarnation. Various ornamental solutions can be drawn from one sketch.
The method of forming an ornament and the choice of ornamental forms, as a rule, is consistent with the capabilities of the visual medium.
Regularities of compositional constructions
THE CONCEPT OF ORNAMENTAL COMPOSITION
Composition (from lat. composito) - compilation, arrangement, construction; the structure of a work of art, due to its content, nature and purpose.
The creation of a composition from scraps of fabric is the choice of an ornamental and coloristic theme, pattern, plot, determination of the overall and internal dimensions of the work, as well as the relative position of its parts.
Ornamental composition - this is the composition, construction, structure of the pattern.
The elements of the ornamental composition and at the same time its expressive means include: point, spot, line, color, texture... These elements (means) of composition in the work are transformed into ornamental motives.
Speaking about the patterns of ornamental compositions, first of all it is necessary to say about proportions. The proportions determine other regularities in the construction of ornamental compositions (I mean rhythm, plasticity, symmetry and asymmetry, statics and dynamics.
RHYTHM AND PLASTIC
Rhythm in the ornamental composition, the pattern of alternation and repetition of motives, figures and intervals between them is called. Rhythm is the main organizing principle of any ornamental composition. The most important characteristic of the ornament is the rhythmic repetition of the motifs and elements of these motives, their inclinations and turns, the surfaces of the motif spots and the intervals between them.
Rhythmic organization - this is the mutual arrangement of motives on the compositional plane. Rhythm organizes a kind of movement in the ornament: transitions from small to large, from simple to complex, from light to dark, or repetition of the same forms at equal or different intervals. The rhythm can be:
1) metric (uniform);
2) uneven.
Depending on the rhythm, the pattern becomes static or dynamic.
Rhythmic structure determines the rhythm of the motives in vertical and horizontal rows, the number of motives, the plastic characteristics of the form of motives, the peculiarities of the arrangement of motives in rapport.
Motive - part of the ornament, its main forming element.
Ornamental compositions in which the motive is repeated at equal intervals are called rapport.
Rapport - the minimal and simple in shape the area occupied by the motive and the gap to the adjacent motive.
The regular repetition of rapport vertically and horizontally forms a rapport grid. The rapports are adjacent to each other, without overlapping each other and leaving no gaps.
Depending on the shape of the surface that they decorate, ornaments are: monopport or closed; linear-rapport or tape; mesh-rapport or mesh.
Monorapport ornaments represent the final figures (for example, coat of arms, emblem, etc.).
In linear-rapport ornaments, the motive (rapport) is repeated along one straight line. A ribbon ornament is a pattern whose elements create a rhythmic row that fits into a ribbon with two-way movement.
Mesh-rapport ornaments have two translation axes - horizontal and vertical. A mesh pattern is a pattern that runs along multiple transfer axes and creates movement in all directions. The simplest mesh-rapport ornament is a grid of parallelograms.
In complex ornaments, you can always identify a grid, the nodes of which make up a certain system of points of the ornament. Complex-shaped reports are constructed as follows. In one of the rapports of a rectangular grid, broken or curved lines are drawn outside to the right and top sides, and the same lines are drawn to the left and bottom, but inside the cell. Thus, a complex structure is obtained, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is equal to a rectangle.
These figures fill the ornamental area without gaps.
The composition of the mesh ornament is based on five systems (grids): square, rectangular, regular triangular, rhombic and oblique parallelogram.
In order to determine the type of grid, it is necessary to connect the repeating
elements of the ornament.
The rhythmic row assumes the presence of at least three or four ornamental elements, since too short a row cannot perform
organizing role in composition.
The novelty of the composition of the ornament, as noted by the well-known expert in the field of the theory of ornament on fabric V.M. Shugaev, manifests itself not in new motives, but mainly in new rhythmic constructions, new combinations of ornamental elements. Thus, special importance is attached to the rhythm in the composition of the ornament. Rhythm, along with color, is the basis for the emotional expressiveness of an ornament.
Plastic in ornamental art, it is customary to call smooth, continuous transitions from one form element to another. If during rhythmic movements the elements are at some distance from each other, then during plastic movement they merge.
Ornamental forms, depending on the emotional impact, are conventionally divided into heavy and light... Heavy forms include a square, cube, circle, ball, light - line, rectangle, ellipse.
SYMMETRY
Symmetry - this is the property of a figure (or ornamental motif) to superimpose on itself in such a way that all points take their original position. Asymmetry - absence or violation of symmetry.
In the visual arts, symmetry is one of the means of constructing an artistic form. Symmetry is usually present in any ornamental composition; this is one of the forms of manifestation of the rhythmic principle in the ornament.
The main elements of symmetry: plane of symmetry, axis of symmetry, translation axis, gliding reflection plane.
Symmetry plane - an imaginary plane that divides a figure into two mirror equal parts
- figures with one plane of symmetry,
A figure with two planes of symmetry,
- with four planes of symmetry.
4. Rules for constructing an ornament.
Display and explanation of the construction of ornaments:
a) tape;
b) mesh.
5. Consolidation of the studied material.
1. Frontal survey:
What is the purpose of the ornament?
What types of patterns do you know depending on the structure?
What types of ornaments, depending on the motives prevailing in them, do you know?
Find the signs of ornaments different nations the world with the same motives.
What types of ornaments do you know?
What is an ornament? What is the art of ornament?
What is rhythm in ornament? What is rapport?
What is called symmetry in art?
What is a plane of symmetry?
2. Exercise:
a) construction of a ribbon ornament;
b) construction of a mesh ornament.
6. Summing up.
7. Homework.
Come up with your own ornaments in a circle, in a square and in a strip, using geometric shapes or vegetation.
MBU DO "Children's Art School" Gorodets Additional general developmental program in the field of fine arts "Primary art education" P presentation for open lesson on the subject "Composition" in grade 2 Lesson topic: "Floral ornament in a strip" Completed by: teacher of MBU DO "Children's Art School" in Gorodets Plekhanova M.Yu. Gorodets 2017
Floral ornament in a strip
"An artist, if he is a real, genuine artist, must feel an ornament in nature." (M. Vrubel)
ORNAMENT Translated from the Latin "ornamentum" - "decoration" is a pattern built on the rhythmic alternation of the motifs depicted.
STYLIZATION - decorative generalization of the depicted figures and objects using conventional techniques, simplification of drawing and shape, color and volume. As a result of styling, the object can be changed, simplified, but recognizable. STYLIZATION IN ORNAMENT
Transformation of natural form into decorative
The whole life of nature is permeated with rhythms: waves, sand dunes and dunes, heart rhythm, daily, annual, lunar and solar rhythms. Looking closely at the shapes of trees, flowers, shoots, we see a frozen rhythm of branching, leaf arrangement, we observe various examples symmetry. We can see, hear, observe these rhythms. RHYTHM
RHYTHM is an orderliness, alternation of any elements, occurring with a certain sequence, frequency. Rhythm gives dynamics, a sense of movement in nature and human life. The rhythm in the ornament is the alternation of the elements of the pattern in a certain sequence.
An ornament is a part of our spiritual life, expressing a person's need for beauty. But the ornament was not always just a decoration. Our distant ancestors assigned a much more serious role to ornament. He was not just a drawing, but a symbol, a sign, behind which stood a certain perception of the surrounding world.
The winding line was a symbol of water. The circle was a solar (solar) sign. He personified the power that gave life to all that exists. The cross also personified the sun or, later, was a talisman that counteracts the dark forces of evil. All these signs had a protective, protective meaning when placed on objects.
Over the centuries, a certain style of various ornaments has developed, on which the imprint of the cultures and peoples that gave birth to them lies. ORNAMENT IN DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS AND TRADE
one . Linear (tape) - has the form of a tape or strip, it consists of repeating elements and is limited on two sides - above and below. It is built from identical, repeating or alternating elements along a straight line. Types of ornaments BY COMPOSITION
2. Mesh - a repeating motif fills the entire decorative surface, developing in two directions: horizontally and vertically.
3. Closed - ornamental motifs are located in a circle, square, rectangle, triangle, etc.
construction of a floral ornament in a strip An ornament in a strip is a rhythmic composition based on the repetition or regular alternation of motifs located along a curved or straight line. The motive is the primary element of the ornament. Rapport - the minimum size of the repeating pattern + the distance to the adjacent motif.
SCHEMES FOR BUILDING A LINEAR ORNAMENT Determine the principles of rhythmic construction of a linear ornament on the presented schemes: Repeat Offset Alternation (in shape, size, color) Swing Overlay Mirroring Grouping (repeat at intervals)
Performance practical work on the topic: "PLANT ORNAMENT IN THE STRIP" Work execution plan: Drawing up a sketch of the composition (decorative processing of plant forms, choosing a scheme for the rhythmic construction of an ornament). 2. Detailed drawing motives and rapport ornament. 3. Execution of the ornament drawing according to the sketch. 4. Work in color (color scheme of the composition, work on details).
An example of practical work on the topic: "PLANT ORNAMENT IN THE STRIP"
Questions: What is an ornament? What is the purpose of the ornament? What is the source of inspiration for artists? What is rhythm in ornament? What is rapport? What types of ornaments, depending on the motives prevailing in them, do you know? What types of composition ornaments do you know? Give examples of using the floral ornament you created in the strip.
Test on the topic "Floral Ornament in a Strip" Decorative generalization of the depicted figures and objects using conventional techniques, simplifying the pattern and shape, color and volume - these are: A) ornament B) decorative processing C) stylization 2. Pattern based on the rhythmic alternation of depicted motives are: A) stylization B) ornament C) rhythm
3. Orderliness, alternation of any elements, occurring with a certain sequence, frequency - this is: A) stylization B) rhythm C) pattern 4. Ornament in a strip - A) a rhythmic composition based on the repetition or regular alternation of motives located along a curve or straight line; B) a pattern that fills the entire decorative surface, developing in two directions: horizontally and vertically; C) a pattern located in a circle, square, rectangle, triangle, etc.
5. The motive is: A) the primary element of the ornament; B) the minimum size of the repeating pattern + the distance to the adjacent motif; C) a repeating element. 6. The rapport is: A) the minimum size of the repeating pattern + the distance to the adjacent motif; B) the primary element of the pattern; C) the distance to the adjacent motive.
7. Name the types of ornaments BY COMPOSITION: A) Variants of answer: linear, closed, mesh
B) Variants of answer: linear, closed, mesh
C) Answer options: linear, closed, mesh
The key to the test for self-control: 1 - B, C 2 - B 3 - B 4 - A 5 - A 6 - A 7 - A) closed, B) linear, C) mesh
Sources: http://oldchest.ru/vyshivka/russkaya-vyshivka-19-20vek / http://www.tvorchistvo.ru/vidy-ornamenta / Sokolnikova N.M. Fine Arts: Textbook for uch. 5-8 grades: At 4 o'clock. Part 3. Basics of composition. - Obninsk: Title, 1996 Photos of embroidered products from personal archive (artist Plekhanova M.Yu.)
GOU LPR "Proletarian school named after O. Koshevoy "
TECHNOLOGY
1 class
Lesson topic “Ornament in the strip. What is an ornament for? "
Prepared by:
primary school teacher
GOU LPR "Proletarian school
them. O. Koshevoy "
Korneeva Anna Viktorovna
The topic of the lesson is “Ornament in the strip. What is an ornament for? "
Goal: creating conditions for the formation of actions to coordinate efforts in the process of decorating a snake from geometric figures.
Tasks:
1. Development of imaginative thinking, spatial representations, the creativity of the child.
2. Decorate the snake, pick up an ornament and do the work in pairs.
3. To consolidate the knowledge gained in practice, performing exercises and practical tasks.
During the classes.
Organizing time .
I am very pleased
Enter your friendly class
And for me is already a reward
The attention of your clever eyes.
I know everyone in the class is a genius.
But without labor, talent is not for the future.
Cross the swords of your opinions
We will compose a lesson together!
My collaborators and judges,
I can't find you with an estimate.
Don't blame me for a strange syllable.
And then I'll say in prose ...
You came here to study
Do not be lazy, but work.
Work hard
Listen carefully.
Updating basic knowledge .
Didactic game.
Now let's play a little. You need to determine where the ornament is and where is the pattern. (presentation)
fig. Ornament
fig. Pattern
fig. Pattern
fig. Ornament
fig. Ornament
Motivation for learning activities .
It's easy to draw ornaments:
You take the elements, draw them in a row.
And now the ornament in the drawing is already visible,
And now the stars are burning brightly.
And also leaves and lines can,
Both birds and animals ... Believe me, friends!
It's not difficult to come up with ornaments
And only without imagination in this matter is impossible!
Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Perception and awareness of new material.
Teacher's story.
Ornament - this is a special type of artistic creation that does not exist in the form of an independent work, it only decorates one or another thing. In the distant past, ornaments carried a symbolic and magical meaning. Ancient man "encrypted" his ideas about the structure of the world in the ornament. For example, a circle stood for the sun, a square for the earth, a triangle for mountains, a spiral for development, movement. At first, parts of objects hidden from human eyes were covered with ornaments - the bottoms, reverse sides of jewelry, amulets, amulets. These images, as it were, protected their owners from various misfortunes. Gradually, these signs-symbols turned into patterns, which began to decorate various products. It was from the ornament that pictography appeared, from which writing was later born.
Earlier in Russia, instead of the word ornament, they said "pattern".
Nowadays, an ornament is called a pattern in which the same pattern is repeated.
The female costume consisted of a shirt, a sundress and a headdress. The headscarf was one of the main parts female costume... In addition to everyday and festive scarves, there were also povoinik, kokoshnik, magpie. Little girls wore cloth ribbons on their foreheads. Girls were allowed to wear open bandages, ribbons, coruna, crowns, covering only the forehead and back of the head. The Russian men's costume consisted of a shirt, ports, belt, shoes and a headdress. The basis male suit there was a shirt. She reached her knees and had a cut at the collar in the middle or on the side (blouse). The shirt was worn outside and always belted. They sewed it from white, red or blue fabric. Decorated with embroidery. The ornament on the edge of clothing was called a talisman.
Seagulls circling above the waves
Let's fly after them together.
Foam splashes, surf noise,
And over the sea - we are with you! (Children flap their arms like wings.)
We're sailing on the sea now
And frolic in the open.
More fun rake
And catch up with the dolphins. (Children make swimming movements with their hands.)
Working with illustrations.
There are several types of ornament:
Geometric consisting of various geometric elements
Vegetable made up of drawings of flowers, fruits, leaves, branches
Anthropomorphic made up of figurines of people.
Zoomorphic , animals, birds, insects.
The ornament can be placed in a circle, square, strip.
Guys, where do you think the ornament can be used?
And now we will talk about the color in the ornament. What do you think it matters?
The combination of colors in the ornament is important - they must alternate in a certain order. The irregular distribution of colors even in the most original ornament can make it gray and expressionless. The choice of background and pattern color determines the composition.
Physical education. Gymnastics for the eyes and hands
Raise your coat hanger.
Jump, grasshoppers.
Jump-jump, jump-jump.
Stop! They sat down.
We ate weed
They listened to the silence
Higher, higher, high
Jump on your toes easily.
Designing a geometric ornament at the board.
What figures will be featured in the ornament? (geometric).
What is the main thing in a geometric ornament? (a repeating pattern of geometric shapes).
- How many of you have noticed any patterns in nature? What animals, birds, insects have a color similar to a pattern? (Children's answers: butterflies,snakes, peacock, giraffe, etc.)
If you guess the riddle, you will find out that today we will be decorating with the help of ornament.
No arms, no legs -
Crawls on the belly.
She has no hearing
Doesn't chew - swallows
Looks - does not blink.
How is my riddle to you?
Have you guessed it? Who! (Snake)
We will decorate the snake with an ornament.
1. We check at the workplace for the presence of: blanks (bases), ornament elements, glue.
How do geometric shapes relate to our theme?
2. The sequence of work according to the plan in the figure.
3. Criteria for evaluating the work: is the geometric pattern an ornament, the same distance between elements, accuracy.
Reflection
Lesson summary.
What kind of ornament is there?
Have we met our objectives?
Did this work give you pleasure, joy?
If you are satisfied with your work in the lesson, clap your hands.
- Where can you find practical application of the knowledge gained?
Daria Svibovich
Lesson outline for fine arts: "Ornament in the strip"
Visual Arts Lesson Outline
Kind of activity: plane image.
Learning problem: composition.
Subject lesson: « Ornament in the strip»
goal lesson: creation ornament in the strip using plant elements, and with the subsequent color scheme of the pattern.
Tasks:
1.teaching: Provide students with information about rhythm, composition in strip, balance of the main and details; instill the skills of working with a varied line, connected in composition with the shape of the product, the skills of tracking the rhythm in a free pattern; learn to find the right color combination.
2. developing: develop visual skills, creativity, thinking, color sense, visual memory.
3. upbringing: to educate students in color skills and aesthetic taste.
Teacher equipment:
1.books, illustrations using ornaments, plant elements, stylized plants and flowers.
Equipment for students:
2. the brushes are thin and thick.
3. sheet of paper.
4. a jar for water.
5. pencil and eraser.
Lesson plan:
1.organizational moment (2-3 min.)
2.explanation of new material (13 min.)
3.practical part (25 min.)
4. Summing up (5 minutes.)
During the classes:
I. Organizational moment: greeting students, the emotional mood of the team, checking the degree of readiness for lesson, appointment of attendants, check of absent.
II. Explanation of the new material:
Guys, let's remember what it is ornament?
(Pattern. This is a decoration that consists of patterns and they are repeated at certain distances).
What do you think, what is it for? ornament?
(To decorate things with them. So they become more beautiful).
Show multimedia presentation and chat.
What are ornaments?
(vegetable and geometric)
Ornament can be placed in a circle, in a square, in strip.
Ornaments decorate dishes, clothes and more. For example, scarves and kerchiefs, bags, walls and windows of houses, and all kinds of household utensils, (along the way, the word "utensil"- means handicrafts. Based on this value, utensils include utensils - containers intended for drinks and food, cooking and, in traditions folk art, for decorating the table and interior, all kinds of boxes, decorations. Therefore, utensils are a traditional item of folk crafts and artistic crafts.)
The artist before he starts depict leaves and herbs, twigs and flowers, comes up with a composition, and only then fills this scheme with specific natural elements.
Now all sorts of plant elements, stylized plants and flowers are offered for your consideration, which, after thinking over the composition, are arranged in a given format.
III. Practical part:
The purpose of your practical assignment will be to draw up ornament in the strip using plant elements and followed by a color scheme.
Let's repeat with you the main key points of implementation ornament: your sheet of paper should be shaped like stripes(measure 6 cm with a ruler from each corner of the sheet, and draw 2 lines); further, we divide our strip into equal parts; then, you think over the composition; then you fill this scheme with the plant elements you invented. If you find it difficult to come up with these elements, you can refer to the visual aids. Then we proceed to painting, which I advise you to start by overlapping the sheet or certain parts of it with a light transparent paint, not forgetting that color balance must also be observed.
Wait for your drawing to dry completely. Next, proceed to painting more small parts... Before the children start coloring, I draw their attention to the fact that it is necessary to observe the color of geometric shapes - observing the color rhythm.
You have 25 minutes to work. Get started (the teacher observes the work of the children, helps if difficulties arise).
I wish you creative luck!
IV. Summarizing:
A viewing is arranged (children lay out their work on the desk, the drawings are analyzed, grades are given).