Analysis of the story " Princess Mary". 1 lesson. Recorded May 11. The action begins with a description of a beautiful landscape that conveys feelings, thoughts, and spiritual world hero, and by this the author kind of intensifies the events. We see the hero, quite cheerful, subtly feeling the beauty of nature. The scene is Pyatigorsk. Exotic landscape. Pechorin - narrator Pechorin's diary demonstrates his ability to tell about what he saw and felt. Pechorin feels the beauty of nature, knows how to see its colors, hear its sounds, admire it, notice the changes taking place. He listens to the murmur of the waves, admires the life of the sea. In addition, he talks about nature in the language of the artist, thus revealing himself to readers as talented person... Pechorin's word is precise, expressive, lyrical: “my room was filled with the smell of flowers growing in a modest front garden” ... “Water Society” A society of those who gathered for treatment on the waters. Families of landowners and the military. Princess Ligovskaya with her daughter Juncker Grushnitsky Vera and her husband Dragoon captain What is the meaning of life for representatives of the "water society"? What place does Pechorin occupy among them? Is he so far from this society? Pechorin's attitude to the "water society" A skeptic is one who doubts everything, is skeptical and distrustful of everything. A cynic is a person who has a demonstratively disdainful attitude towards certain normal traditions and ethical rituals, as interfering or excessive for solving practical problems. "Water Society" vulgarity, dirty intrigues. insignificant interests, petty selfishness. mercenary calculations Pechorin is a noble person suffering from his own shortcomings. Pechorin is already skeptical, he notices all the little things in the attire of passers-by and immediately gives an accurate description of the oncoming. He sees several "sad groups", also belonging to the "water society", who indignantly turned away from him, barely seeing the army epaulettes. Pechorin meets another group of men, but already constituting another class (military class), who dream of living rooms in the capital. Pechorin does not consider himself to be in this class, he symbolically overtakes them, although in fact there is something from them in him, but he does not set such low goals for himself, he strives for the best, he considers himself above everyone. Pechorin rather briefly described the first meeting with the "water society", but very informative and enough to understand his attitude; although the features of society he outlined very convincingly, but nevertheless completely agree with him - it means to be "stunned" by his eloquent speech and not fully comprehend what constitutes " water society ”, What is the meaning of the life of its representatives, what place does Pechorin occupy among them, and, in general, is he so far from this society, as it seems to us. We learn that the "water society" is made up mainly of the families of landowners and the military. They lead a normal life, a little boring, monotonous, vague and inexpressive, that's why the hero called this society watery, because of the similarity of properties. Grushnitsky. Pechorin meets Grushnitsky, an old friend of his, and immediately gives him an accurate portrait, slightly ironically, and then he is completely ready to reveal all his vulgar features. Grushnitsky. Juncker. A parody of the frustration of Dandy. The problem of the modern generation. FRANT 1. Smartly dressed man, dandy, fashionista. He walks like a dandy: boots with welt. Proverb. There was a pedant in his clothes and what we called a dandy. Pushkin. Metropolitan dandy with a glass in his eye. Nekrasov. Here dandies seem to note their insolence, their vest. Pushkin. 2. About an undeserving respect, approval of a person (neglected). This dandy friend is notorious for being a tomboy. Griboyedov. Another dandy, one point is not enough for him, will take and poke a whole series of them. Chekhov. "On a narrow road ..." Pechorin Grushnitsky Wants to make an effect with his speeches Utters ready-made lush phrases Capable of sincerity Not capable of "a sublime word that deeply affects feelings and imagination" A complex person whose character remains unclear even after reading the novel. This is an ordinary youth who is not difficult to understand. In the end, malice and hatred prevail in him. Pechorin's attitude to Grushnitsky. Pechorin already knows his future, he knows all the "weak strings" of people and skillfully uses them, which more and more emphasizes his individualism and egoism. Grushnitsky's tragedy. Grushnitsky, although not perfect, is attractive and attractive to us as long as he wears a soldier's greatcoat, while his pride has not completely taken possession of him. He believes in his happiness with Mary, thus he looks more and more like a romantic, but the means by which he is going to achieve his goal only humiliate him, and he becomes insignificant. He is promoted to an officer, and he merges with the crowd, the crowd of admirers of the princess, so, drop by drop, society grows more and more and more and more attracts others, but this fact is not terrible, but the fact that this "faceless" society simply and aimlessly exists. Grushnitsky is wearing a new uniform, new epaulettes, and this makes him arrogant. Grushnitsky leads a completely sensible dialogue with the hero, which hurts Pechorin's pride: Grushnitsky speaks almost in his words, then Pechorin easily enters his "role" (of course, this role is not the essence of his life, but how often one has to resort to it out of envy or contempt) and grins at him, teases him, describing Princess Mary, and immediately mimics Grushnitsky, imitating his tone. But this is not enough for him, he is not pleased with himself, for him this is a rare opportunity to calm his boredom. By his actions, he simply wastes his strength, and brings suffering to other people. But we know that he himself suffers deeply. Pechorin is very self-critical of himself, which elevates him in the eyes of the reader. The character of the hero is not so much complicated as contradictory and ambiguous: sad is funny to him, funny - sad. Pechorin does not want to disturb himself with memories, he does not want to live in the past, he lives in the present, but when he learns of the arrival of Vera, a second Pechorin appears in front of us. His feelings are fighting with reason (this is evidenced by the inner monologue that the hero leads, feeling terrible sadness), but this is just a spiritual impulse. And yet, getting into the next conditions of existence, Pechorin plays his own game, the participants of which are: Grushnitsky, Mary, Princess Ligovskaya, Vera and her husband Semyon Vasilyevich - the very representatives of the "water society" who became "victims" of Pechorin. Princess Mary Mary is not stupid, young, good-looking, she, of course, is not calculating and does not really understand people, but this does not make her less romantic and attractive. She feels compassion for all unfortunate people and sees her happiness in the happiness of her beloved. She is capable of a "deep" feeling and this sets her apart from others. She is only a child of a "water society". Having achieved her goal, she will immediately merge with this society. Pechorin's game with Mary. Mary angers. Intriguing. Performs a noble deed. Courts. Takes power over Mary, uses it for his own purposes. Pechorin is also unhappy, and he personally speaks about this in his confession to Mary: “Everyone read signs of bad qualities on my face - and they were born. I was modest - I was accused of cunning: I became secretive. I deeply felt good and evil; no one caressed me, everyone insulted me: I felt superior to them - they put me lower. I became envious. I was ready to love the whole world, my youth passed in the struggle with myself and the light ... I became a moral cripple: one half of my soul did not exist, it dried up, deteriorated, died, I cut it off and left it ... the other lived at the service of everyone. " Pechorin takes power over Mary, uses it simply as a weapon against Grushnitsky, but with this he is pursuing another goal - he needs Vera, whom he still loves. Pechorin sees food in the suffering of others, otherwise he cannot live, he is not able to sacrifice himself, he does not intend to bow before anyone, his life energy does not find application in this life, among this society, and he causes pain others. Grushnitsky dies in a duel with him. For Pechorin, this is just an experiment, while he is completely indifferent to his life ... Mary's hopes of love fail: Pechorin explains to her rather coldly and leaves, and Mary's tragedy is the same tragedy for the princess. Pechorin interferes in Vera's life and, perhaps, would have destroyed her if she had not left. He controls the fate of people, he transcends the boundaries of good and evil. The author does not give his assessment to either Pechorin or the "water society". “The disease has been indicated, but how to cure it - that’s already God knows,” Lermontov will say in the preface that was written after the entire novel. And what if Pechorin is “a portrait made up of the vices of our generation”, then maybe the “water society” is a portrait made up of our ideas about a happy life? Then we need to change our outlook on life; "Many are stubborn in relation to the once chosen path, a few in relation to the goal." So Pechorin is always in action, he is looking for the meaning of life, his energy does not find application, he is overwhelmed with ideas, and "the one in whose head more ideas were born, he acts more than others ...". And the "water society" - it is inactive. Why does Pechorin keep a diary? For Pechorin, with his loneliness, the diary, the "journal", is the only "worthy interlocutor" with whom he can be completely sincere. And one more value of the magazine: This is the spiritual memory of Pechorin. His life, it seems, is being exchanged for trifles, and therefore it is especially important for him to see the meaning of the events taking place, to keep their trace so as not to find himself in the position of a person whose state is conveyed in the poem "Both boring and sad ...".

May 07 2015

Pechorin and the "water society" in the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". M. Yu. Lermontova "Hero of Our Time" one of best works Russian literature. This novel is on a par with such masterpieces as "Woe from Wit", "Eugene Onegin", "The Inspector General". The novel was written in the era following the December uprising.

In the center of the novel is one who, in terms of his development, is higher than the society that surrounds him, but who does not know how to find an application for his abilities. accurately deduced young man, the personification of which in the work became. He is an intelligent, well-educated young officer who serves in the Caucasus. He was tired of the social life that spoiled him. The hero suffers from his restlessness, in despair asks himself the question: “Why did I live? For what purpose was I born? Pechorin is a typical hero of the time, best representative his era, but the price for this is his loneliness.

In the first chapter of the novel, we see Pechorin through the eyes of Maksim Maksimych, an old officer: "He was a nice fellow, only a little strange." Maxim Maksimych himself is not able to understand the complex character, which he loves and considers his friend. In "White" the contradictory character of the hero is manifested.

His character is complex. The hero himself says about himself: “There are two people in me: one lives in the literal sense of the word, and the other thinks and judges him ...” In his words, he hides the essence of his character: his soul is “spoiled by the light”. By nature, Pechorin is an egoist, we learn about this from the first story of the novel. This quality manifests itself in love for Bela, as well as in relation to Mary. In the story “Maxim Maksimych” the author gives a portrait of Pechorin.

Describing the hero's appearance, the author emphasizes his aristocratic origin. Pechorin is a representative of a secular society and lives by its laws. If in the first story Pechorina is described by Maxim Maksimych, here the narrator changes. “A wandering officer: a delicate and observant person, draws a psychological portrait of the hero, notes the main thing in him: he is all woven of contradictions and contrasts.

“His waist and broad shoulders proved a strong build,” but there was something childish in his smile, a kind of nervous weakness ”; "in spite of White color his hair, mustache and eyebrows were black. " Particular attention is paid to the description of the hero's eyes: ... they did not laugh when he laughed! Because of their half-down eyelashes, they shone with a kind of phosphoric sheen: it was a sheen like the shine of smooth steel, dazzling but cold. ” In "Princess Mary" we meet a person capable of introspection.

Here Pechorin characterizes himself, he explains how his bad qualities were formed: ... such was my fate since childhood! Everybody read on my face the signs of bad qualities that were not there; but they were supposed - and they were born ... I became secretive ...

I became vindictive ... I became envious, I learned to hate, I began to deceive, I became a moral cripple. He realizes that he has lived empty and aimless: “Why did I live? For what purpose was I born?

“The hero does not see the meaning of life. This understanding of one's destiny in life a few hours before a possible death is the culmination of not only the story "Princess Mary", but the entire novel. Pechorin is a brave man, which manifested itself in a duel.

TO positive features the hero can also be attributed to his ability to understand and feel people. Pechorin is an honest, decent person. Despite the unpleasant story of Princess Mary, Pechorin decides to tell the truth, although it was not easy. And this episode showed his willpower. VG Belinsky compared the soul of Pechorin with the earth dried up by the heat, which after the blessed rains "could give birth to beautiful flowers.

M. Yu. Lermontov's novel poses one of the problems - the inability of people of this time to act, generated by their own environment. Pechorin is a hero of his time. I think this is an honorable "title", because the very word "hero" implies unusualness, exclusivity. In his novel he managed to show not only the image of the hero, but also to reveal the history of the human soul ”. The novel by M. Yu. Lermontov “The hero of our time is integral, all parts of which are united by one hero, and his character is revealed from part to part gradually, is revealed from external to internal, from effect to cause, from epic - through psychological - to philosophical.

The novel was immediately ranked among the masterpieces of Russian literature.

Need a cheat sheet? Then save - "Pechorin and the" water society "in the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov" A Hero of Our Time ". ... Literary works!

“A Hero of Our Time” is a socio-psychological novel in which the author set himself the task of revealing inner world hero, "to explore the human soul."
Lermontov is a romantic, therefore the problem of personality is the central problem of romanticism in the poet's work. However, the innovation of “A Hero of Our Time” lies in the fact that the conflict between the personality and the surrounding world is resolved using a variety of means, both romantic and realistic.
Pechorin - the main character the novel is a social type.

Traditionally, after Onegin, he is placed in the gallery of “superfluous people”.
The images of Pechorin and Onegin have a lot in common, ranging from details, character traits, to the situations in which they find themselves. However, the conflict between personality and society in A Hero of Our Time is sharper than in Eugene Onegin, since Pechorin “is frantically chasing life,” but he doesn’t get anything from it, and Onegin simply “goes with the flow”.
The composition of the novel is subordinated to the main task set by the author - the solution of the problem of personality. In Pechorin's magazine, the central story is "Princess Mary", in which the character of the hero is revealed from the inside, that is, Lermontov uses such an artistic device as confession. Everything artistic means- portrait, landscape, dialogues, details - are of a psychological nature. In the story with the deployed figurative system the secret of the character of the hero is revealed.
Lermontov, like many romantics, opposes personality and society, and he places his hero in different environments, confronts him with by different people... We can see this in the stories “Bela”, “Taman” and “Princess Mary”.
In the psychological story "Princess Mary" the personality of Pechorin is opposed to the "water society", the attitude of the hero to this society and society in general is shown. “Water Society” is collective image local and metropolitan nobility, in the behavior and life of which the features of the described era can be traced. The conflict between personality and society was embodied not only in the disclosure of the character of the protagonist, but also in the image of the “water society”, their life, interests, entertainment.
Pechorin, with slight contempt, notices the carefully hidden envy of each other, the love of gossip and intrigue. The life and customs of visitors to the Caucasian mineral waters, over which both the author and the main character mock, are conditioned by history and traditions. The image of a “water society” is also given in parallel with the image of a secular society, which Pechorin mentions and which has more than once been the object of research in the works of Griboyedov and Pushkin.
On the whole, the entire “water society” is opposed to Pechorin. However, it is still possible to single out heroes who are not only opposed to Pechorin, but also compared with him.
Grushnitsky is a kind of parody of Pechorin. The fact that Pechorin is the essence of character, then Grushnitsky's is a pose designed to make an effect, an impression on others. Grushnitsky is an anti-romantic hero. His penchant for romanticization is brought to the point of caricature. He draws himself, often behaves inappropriately for the situation. In everyday life, he looks for romantic circumstances, but in truly romantic situations he gets lost. Grushnitsky's participation in the duel is ignoble, vile, but he cannot refuse it, since he is very proud. There are many external details in his image (an overcoat, a crutch, a limp, a ring with the date of his acquaintance with Mary). Obviously, the image of Grushnitsky was not created without the influence of Lensky: both are romantics, both were killed in a duel, both are younger than a friend-enemy.
Werner is the only male image that is compared with Pechorin, and not opposed. Their similarity is manifested in relations with society, skepticism, wit. But along with the similarities, there are many differences in their characters. Pechorin “is frantically chasing life,” while Werner is passive. Werner is a less deep and complex nature than Pechorin. Before the duel, Pechorin admires nature, and Werner asks if he wrote his will. In the external appearance of Werner, one can trace romantic traits, but he is a contradictory nature.
All female images presented in the novel are also subordinated to the main task - to reveal the image of Pechorin and show his relationship to love. Princess Mary of all female images outlined most fully. Like Grushnitsky, she is passionate about romanticism, she is young, smart, witty. The purity and naivety of the princess makes Pechorin's selfishness even more obvious. The story of Mary's seduction is the reason for deep introspection and detailed internal monologues in Pechorin's diary. In a conversation with Mary Pechorin, he talks about his fate (relations with society, inclinations, oddities of character).
Faith is the most obscure image, it is incompletely outlined, but given only in hints. This is the only female image that can be compared with Pechorin. It is in relations with Vera that the tragedy of Pechorin's position is most fully felt, his inability to deeply and truly love: he does not even need Vera. This emphasizes the loneliness of the hero, his inability to truly feel, reveals the inner conflict of the hero. Romantic irony illuminates the relationship between Pechorin and Vera: Pechorin drives the horse, trying to catch up with Vera, and then falls asleep to Napoleon at Waterloo.
In addition, Lermontov pays attention to a large number of other, less noticeable, but also very important for creating a more complete picture of society, heroes who, without exception, are subject to the principle of typification, which speaks of the realism of the novel. At the same time, the author proceeds from traditional types, relying on the creative experience of his predecessors, Griboyedov and Pushkin.
As soon as Pechorin arrives in Pyatigorsk, he gets acquainted with the customs of the families of the steppe landowners: “... the Petersburg cut of the frock coat misled them, but, soon recognizing the army epaulettes, they turned away indignantly”.
Immediately we learn about the wives of local chiefs, “mistresses of the waters”: “... they pay less attention to the uniform, they are accustomed in the Caucasus to meet an ardent heart under a numbered button and an educated mind under a white cap”.
A special class in the “water society” is made up of men, civil servants and military men (Captain Dragunsky, who by his participation in a duel resembles Zaretsky). The "water youth" stands out separately. In general, it is difficult to imagine anything new that has not yet been depicted in the works of Griboyedov and Pushkin. The same passion for ranks, servility, the same balls, gossip, idle pastime, emptiness, which dominate not as vices of society, but as elements of social life. Everything is the same, only with the difference that there we saw a secular society, and here a provincial one, which is trying with all its might to resemble a metropolitan one. Against the background of all this, it should be noted with what irony not only specific images are drawn, but the whole atmosphere.
Thus, “water society” is not an accidental theme in the novel. The problem of personality, its relationship with others is the main task of Lermontov's entire work. At the same time, he continues the traditions of Russian Literature XIX century.

You read at once: Pechorin and the "water society" in the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" (1)

"" Is a novel in which socio-psychological problems are clearly revealed. In the content of the novel, the author is trying with all his might to convey and describe the inner world of the protagonist, who was the image of the younger generation of those times. M.Yu. Lermontov creates various life scenes and episodes in which he shows the conflict between the protagonist and the society around him.

In one of the novellas of the novel "Princess Mary" the personality of Pechorin is directly opposed to the participants of the water society. What kind of society is this? This is a circle of people - local and metropolitan nobility, who convey the main character traits and behavior of people of that era. What prevails in such a society is hypocrisy, feigned emotions, feelings of envy for each other, petty affairs and dirty gossip. The "Water Society" is compared to a secular circle of people.

Spending time in such a society, opposes almost all of its members. But, there are also similar images. For example, it can be attributed to a parody character who tried to imitate Pechorin in everything. He tried to portray feelings of joy and happiness, although in fact he did not experience either one or the other. He tries to create a romantic relationship, but as soon as he gets into them, he is immediately lost. He tries to impress others, and it comes to caricatures. Grushnitsky's deed in a duel is low and vile. He deprives him of male nobility and honor. His pride overshadows all other emotions.

The image of Werner can be compared with the image of Pechorin. They are both witty, both have the same outlook on society. But, the inner world of the protagonist rushes forward to meet life. And Werner's insides are filled with calmness and passivity.

Several vivid female images were created by the author in order to reveal the character of the protagonist as deeply as possible. The description is the most detailed. Relations with the princess push Pechorin to create deep diary entries in which he writes about their conversations, in which the hero shares his attitude towards others.

The given is incomplete. But, it is the relationship with this woman that shows the reader the true fact that Pechorin did not know how to truly love and did not understand at all the feelings of female love.

After the arrival of Grigory Alexandrovich in Pyatigorsk, we can get acquainted with the description of family relations of that time. A separate class is made up of civil and military men. Particularly passionate speech is about the youth of the "water society". It tells about their unknown passion for evening balls, for celebrations, where dirty gossip is constantly being conducted. This provincial society was so much like a secular gathering of the same hypocritical and empty people.

Therefore, the topic of "water society" is not in vain touched upon by M.Yu. Lermontov. He tried to reveal and show the essence of the relationship between an individual and the whole society of that time and that era.

Pechorin and the "water society" in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov's "A Hero of Our Time".

Until now, Pechorin's attempts to get closer to people far from his circle were traced. The failure of these attempts, as we have seen, is explained not by the narrowness of the hero, but by the limitations of those with whom fate brought him. In "Princess Mary" we see Pechorin in a circle that is more socially close to him. However, the hero's clash with individuals is replaced here by a conflict with society as a whole. Perhaps that is why "Princess Mary" is the largest part of the novel in terms of volume.

For Pechorin, with his loneliness, the diary, the "journal", is the only "worthy interlocutor" with whom he can be completely sincere. And one more value of the magazine: This is the spiritual memory of Pechorin. His life, it seems, is being exchanged for trifles, and therefore it is especially important for him to see the meaning of the events taking place, to keep their trace so as not to find himself in the position of a person whose state is conveyed in the poem "Both boring and sad ...".

Proudly not forgiving Pechorin his superiority, Grushnitsky, the dragoon captain and other members of the "water society" believe that Pechorin is proud of his belonging to the St. Petersburg world, to the drawing rooms, where they are not allowed. Pechorin, although he cannot help being ironic in relation to the "water society", not only is not proud of his superiority, but painfully perceives this distance between himself and others, leading to hostility: "I returned home, agitated by two different feelings." The first was sadness. “Why do they hate me? - I thought - For what? Have I offended anyone? No. Am I one of those people whom one kind already breeds ill will. And I felt that a poisonous anger was filling my soul little by little. " The transition from the irony of sadness, from it - to poisonous anger, prompting to act so as not to be the laughing stock of insignificant people, is characteristic of Pechorin's relationship to the "water society" in general, and in particular Grushnitsky.

Pechorin, for all his irony, is quite kind, he does not imply in Grushnitsky the ability to kill (and not even with a word, but with a bullet), does not imply baseness, aggressive manifestations of pride.

"An innate passion to contradict" in Pechorin is not only a sign of reflection, a constant struggle in his soul, but also a consequence of a constant confrontation with society. The people around him are so insignificant that Pechorin constantly wants to be different from them, to act in spite of them, to do the opposite. Moreover, Pechorin himself sneers at this stubbornness: "The presence of enthusiasm overwhelms me with Epiphany cold, and, I think, frequent intercourse with a sluggish phlegmatic would make me a passionate dreamer." Grushnitsky is unbearable for his falsity, posturing, claims, romanticism - and Pechorin in his presence feels an irresistible need for prosaic sobriety of words and behavior.

Grushnitsky's consent to participate in the conspiracy proposed by the dragoon captain awakens "cold anger" in Pechorin, but he is still ready to forgive his "friend" for his revenge, "various bad rumors" spread by him in the city - for a minute of honesty "I waited with trepidation for Grushnitsky's answer, cold anger took possession of me at the thought that if not for the case, then I could have become the laughing stock of these fools. " If Grushnitsky didn’t agree, I would throw myself on his neck. But after some silence, he got up from his seat, held out his hand to the captain and said very importantly: "Okay, I agree." The laws of honor were not written for these people, just as they were not written for the "peaceful circle of honest smugglers."

Pechorin's readiness for grateful humanity is destroyed by the baseness of Grushnitsky, willing to cheat in a duel. However, Pechorin is like Shakespeare's Hamlet. More than once I must make sure that meanness is ineradicable in this person, before deciding on retribution. The cruelty of Pechorin was caused by insult not for himself only because on the border of life and death in Grushnitskoye, petty pride turns out to be stronger than honesty and nobility.