Works on the theme honor is more precious than life. Honor and dishonor. What is honor

Honor dearer than life

Did we really think about the meaning of the words "honestly", "honest" in childhood, adolescence? More likely no than yes. More often than not, we uttered the phrase “this is not fair” if one of our peers acted badly towards us. This is where our relationship with the meaning of the word ended. But life more and more often reminds us that there are people who "have the honor", and there are those who are ready to sell their homeland, saving their own skin. Where is the line that turns a person into a slave of his flesh and destroys a person in him? Why doesn’t that bell ring, about which the expert on all black nooks and crannies wrote human soul Anton Pavlovich Chekhov? These and other questions I ask myself, among which one is still the main one: is honor really more precious than life? To answer this question, I turn to literary works, because, according to Academician D.S. Likhachev, literature is the main textbook of life, it (literature) helps us understand the characters of people, reveals eras, and on its pages we will find a great many examples of ups and downs human life. There I can find the answer to my main question.

The fall and, even worse, betrayal, I associate with Rybak, the hero of V. Bykov's story "Sotnikov". Why the strong man, producing initially only a positive impression, became a traitor? And Sotnikov ... I had a strange impression of this hero: for some reason he annoyed me, and the reason for this feeling was by no means his illness, but the fact that he constantly created problems during the performance of a responsible task. I frankly admired the fisherman: what a resourceful, resolute and courageous person! I don't think he was trying to impress. And who is Sotnikov for him to climb out of his skin for his sake ?! No. He was just a man and did human actions until his life was in danger. But as soon as he tasted fear, it was as if he was replaced: the instinct of self-preservation killed a man in him, and he sold his soul, and with it his honor. The betrayal of the motherland, the murder of Sotnikov, animal existence for him turned out to be more precious than honor.

Analyzing Rybak's act, I cannot help but ask myself the question: does it always happen that a person does not act honorably if his life is in danger? Can he commit a dishonorable act for the benefit of another? And again I turn to literary work, this time to E. Zamyatin's story "The Cave" about besieged Leningrad, where in a grotesque form the author talks about the survival of people in an ice cave, gradually driven into its smallest corner, where the center of the universe is a rusty and red god, a cast-iron stove, which devoured first firewood, then furniture, then ... books. In one such corner, the heart of one person breaks with grief: Masha, the beloved wife of Martin Martinych, who has not gotten out of bed for a long time, is dying. This will happentomorrow , and today she really wants totomorrow , on her birthday, it was hot, and then she might be able to get out of bed. Warmth, a piece of bread became a symbol of life for cavemen. But there is neither one nor the other. But the neighbors on the floor below, the Obertyshevs, have them. They have everything, having lost their conscience and turned into females, into wrappers.

…What would you do for your beloved wife?! The intelligent Martin Martinych goes to bow to the non-humans: therezhor andheat but the soul does not live there. And Martin Martinych, having received (kindly, with sympathy) a refusal, decides on a desperate step: he steals firewood for Masha.Tomorrow and everything will be! God will dance, Masha will get up, letters will be read - something that was impossible to burn. And the poison will be drunk, because Martin Martinych will not be able to live with this sin. Why does it happen? The strong and courageous Rybak, who killed Sotnikov and betrayed his homeland, remained to live and serve the policemen, and the intelligent Martin Martinych, who, living in a strange apartment, did not dare to touch someone else's furniture in order to survive, but was able to step over himself in order to save a person dear to him , dies.

Everything comes from a person and closes on a person, and the main thing in him is the soul, pure, honest and open to compassion and help. I cannot help but turn to one more example, because this hero of the story “Bread for the Dog” by V. Tendryakov is still a child. A ten-year-old boy, Tenkov, secretly from his parents fed "kurkuli" - enemies. Did the child risk his life? Yes, because he fed the enemies of the people. But his conscience did not allow him to eat calmly and in plenty of what his mother put on the table. This is where the soul of the boy suffers. A little later, the hero will understand with his childish heart that a person can help a person, but who, in a terrible time of hunger, when people are dying on the road, will give bread for a dog. "No one", - the logic tells. "I" - understands the child soul. From such as this hero come the Sotnikovs, Vaskovs, Iskras and other heroes for whom honor is dearer than life.

I gave only a few examples from the world of literature, proving that always, at all times, conscience has been and will be in honor. It is this quality that will not allow a person to commit an act, the price of which is the loss of honor. Such heroes, in whose hearts honesty, nobility lives, in works and in real life fortunately a lot.

Living life right is not an easy task. It is human nature to constantly make mistakes, to do wrong things. Some of these mistakes are minor and are quickly forgotten. In life, the main thing is not to make such a mistake that would change your whole life, turning it into a nightmare.

The greatest value of a person is his honor. Any shortcomings can be forgiven a person if he retained his honor, although he suffered because of this. In our time, the concept of honor is a little different than in the last century or in the time of our great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers. However, human values always remain the same. Pure and unsullied honor has always adorned a person, making him worthy and highly respected. Keeping one's honor and one's name pure and innocent is the task of every person who has pride and understands the meaning of life. Modern youth does not live a very correct life. Very often violates prohibitions and rules of conduct that have been preserved for centuries.

A few decades ago, any girl was ready to commit suicide if her name and honor were in danger of being polluted, if any young man could prove to accuse her of indecent behavior. As for today's young girls, they care very little about their good name. Which of course is wrong. After all, everyone around until the end of their days will remember and know what moral qualities this or that person has. Nothing in the world can erase a wrong once committed. Young guys should watch their behavior no less than girls.

Such personal qualities as devotion to a friend and loved one, the struggle for justice, the protection of the weak and innocent. If a young man lives by this principle, he is not in danger of losing honor. He will always walk with his head held high and will not be afraid of anyone. What can not be said about a vile and deceitful person.

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“Honor is dearer than life” (F. Schiller)

“Honor is conscience, but conscience is painfully sensitive. It is self respect and dignity. own life brought to the extreme degree of purity and to the greatest passion.

Alfred Victor de Vigny

Dictionary V.I. Dahl, defines honor and how "the inner moral dignity of a person, valor, honesty, nobility of soul and a clear conscience."Like dignity, the concept of honor reveals a person's attitude to himself and the attitude of society towards him. However, unlike the concept of dignity, the moral value of a person in the concept of honor is associated with a specific social position of a person, the type of his activity and the moral merits recognized for him.

But is honor a fundamental and vital property of a person, or is it something originally invested quality? There is the concept of "dishonest", which defines a person without principles, that is, not responsible for his actions and following contrary to the general rules. But, each person has his own moral norms and rules, which means that honor is inherent in all people without exception. As Anton Pavlovich Chekhov said: "We all know what a dishonorable act is, but we do not know what honor is."You can talk about honor, dignity and conscience based on your own worldviews and experiences, but the concept of honor remains unchanged. “Honor is the same for women and men, girls, married women, old men and women: “do not deceive”, “do not steal”, “do not drink”; only from such rules, which apply to all people, is a code of "honor" in the true sense of the word "-said Nikolai Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky. And if honor is inextricably linked with life, moreover, it is a component of existence, then can it be more precious than life? Is it possible to lose inner qualities only because of some “unworthy” act that will make life itself impossible? I think yes. Honor and life are two interrelated and inseparable concepts that complement each other. After all, the place of "habitation" of these properties is the individual. What confirm the words of Michel Montaigne : “The value and dignity of a man lie in his heart and in his will; it is here that the basis of his true honor lies.Honor is not dearer than life, but not cheaper either. It outlines the limits of what you can afford yourself, and what kind of attitude you can tolerate from others. A synonym for this quality is conscience - the inner judge of the spiritual essence, its guide and beacon. And only everything together makes up a personality, everything depends on the comprehensive development, because “... the principle of honor, although there is something that distinguishes a person from animals, but in itself it does not contain anything that could put a person above animals”- Arthur Schopenhauer. Another understanding of honor correlates with the current definition of reputation. This is how a person shows himself to other people in communication and deeds. In this case, it is important “not to drop dignity” precisely in the eyes of other people, because few people want to communicate with a rude person, do business with an unreliable person, or help a heartless miser in need. In general, the concepts of honor and conscience are very conditional, very subjective. They depend on the value system adopted in any country, in any circle. V different countries, y different people conscience and honor have completely different interpretations and meanings. It is worth listening to the opinion of the famous British novelist George Bernard Shaw: “It is better to try to be clean and bright: you are the window through which you look at the world.”conscience is dignity reputation

Honor and conscience is one of the most important characteristics human soul. Compliance with the rules of honor gives a person peace of mind and live in harmony with his conscience. But no matter what, then, nothing should be more precious than life, because life is the most precious thing a person has. And to take a life just because of some prejudices or principles is terrible and irreparable. And not to make an irreversible mistake will help to cultivate moral principles in oneself. We must try to live in harmony with nature, society and ourselves.

Few people, of their own free will, can decide on an act that will lead to a settlement of accounts with life, because, as you know, we do not decide when to put an end to it. But if you put the question point-blank, what should you choose - live your life with the knowledge that you acted dishonorably or act according to your conscience, retaining honor, but die? The answer is to be found in fiction, which has a lot of examples of similar life situations.

When it comes to honor, I immediately remember the hero of the poem A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" - Vladimir Lensky. The issue of honor was raised by the author when Onegin came to the name day, where a friend called him, but the hero begins to annoy everything: the crowd of people (Pustyakovs, Skotinins, Buyanovs and others), Tatyana's behavior, and so on. He blames the one who invited him to the celebration for all this. In retaliation, Yevgeny invites Lensky's fiancée Olga to a dance at an afternoon ball and flirts with her. Vladimir is unable to endure such an insult and challenges Yevgeny to a duel, which will end in the death of one of them. Vladimir Lensky dies in a duel, he was only eighteen years old. He died early, but he defended his and Olga's honor, not allowing anyone to doubt the purity and sincerity of his feelings towards the daughter of the Larin family. While Onegin will have to live life with a heavy burden - to be the killer of a friend.

In the poem "Mtsyri" M.Yu. Lermontov main character also puts honor above life, but in a different perspective. Starting to read the poem, we learn that in childhood he was left in the monastery by those who captivated him. The young man got used to captivity and seemed to have forgotten about the call of his father's land. On the day of the solemn event, he disappeared, a three-day search did not lead to anything, and only after some time, strangers accidentally found the exhausted Mtsyri. To persuasion to eat and accept repentance, he refuses, because he does not repent, but rather is proud that he lived in the wild, like his ancestors, that he entered into a duel with a leopard and won. Only one thing weighs on his soul - the violation of a promise given to himself - to be free and find his native lands. Physically, he was free, but the prison remained in his heart, and he could not fulfill his vow. He decides to die, realizing that he cannot be a slave. Thus, Mtsyri chooses honor, not life. For him, the honor is to be a worthy mountaineer, and not a slave, to become part of nature, which accepted him, but which he could not accept.

Each of us himself is responsible for the chosen path, just as he himself gives the answer to the question posed above. For myself, I decided that I always need to act in such a way that later I would not be ashamed to live with the awareness of my decisions. But it is not worth creating situations in which the question of the value of life in relation to honor can be raised, because life is priceless and you need to fill it with harmony and kindness with all your might, part of which is an honest attitude towards others.

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Finished essay in the second direction.

Did we really think about the meaning of the words "honestly", "honest" in childhood, adolescence? More likely no than yes. More often than not, we uttered the phrase “this is not fair” if one of our peers acted badly towards us. This is where our relationship with the meaning of the word ended. But life more and more often reminds us that there are people who "have the honor", and there are those who are ready to sell their homeland, saving their own skin. Where is the line that turns a person into a slave of his flesh and destroys a person in him? Why doesn't that bell ring, about which Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, an expert on all the black nooks and crannies of the human soul, wrote? These and other questions I ask myself, among which one is still the main one: is honor really more precious than life? To answer this question, I turn to literary works, because, according to Academician D.S. Likhachev, literature is the main textbook of life, it (literature) helps us understand the characters of people, reveals eras, and on its pages we will find a great many examples of the ups and downs of human life. There I can find the answer to my main question.

The fall and, even worse, betrayal, I associate with Rybak, the hero of V. Bykov's story "Sotnikov". Why did a strong man, who initially made only a positive impression, become a traitor? And Sotnikov ... I had a strange impression of this hero: for some reason he annoyed me, and the reason for this feeling was by no means his illness, but the fact that he constantly created problems during the performance of a responsible task. I frankly admired the fisherman: what a resourceful, resolute and courageous person! I don't think he was trying to impress. And who is Sotnikov for him to climb out of his skin for his sake ?! No. He was just a man and did human things until his life was in danger. But as soon as he tasted fear, it was as if he was replaced: the instinct of self-preservation killed a man in him, and he sold his soul, and with it his honor. The betrayal of the motherland, the murder of Sotnikov, animal existence for him turned out to be more precious than honor.

Analyzing Rybak's act, I cannot help but ask myself the question: does it always happen that a person does not act honorably if his life is in danger? Can he commit a dishonorable act for the benefit of another? And again, I turn to a literary work for an answer, this time to E. Zamyatin's story "The Cave" about besieged Leningrad, where in a grotesque form the author talks about the survival of people in an ice cave, gradually driven into its smallest corner, where the center of the universe is a rusty and red-haired god, a cast-iron stove that consumed firewood first, then furniture, then ... books. In one such corner, the heart of one person breaks with grief: Masha, the beloved wife of Martin Martinych, who has not gotten out of bed for a long time, is dying. It will happen tomorrow, and today she really wants it to be hot tomorrow, on her birthday, and then she might be able to get out of bed. Warmth, a piece of bread became a symbol of life for cavemen. But there is neither one nor the other. But the neighbors on the floor below, the Obertyshevs, have them. They have everything, having lost their conscience and turned into females, into wrappers.

…What won't you do for the sake of your beloved wife?! The intelligent Martin Martinych goes to bow to the non-humans: there is zhor and heat, but the soul does not live there. And Martin Martinych, having received (kindly, with sympathy) a refusal, decides on a desperate step: he steals firewood for Masha. Everything will be tomorrow! God will dance, Masha will get up, letters will be read - something that was impossible to burn. And the poison will be drunk, because Martin Martinych will not be able to live with this sin. Why does it happen? The strong and courageous Rybak, who killed Sotnikov and betrayed his homeland, remained to live and serve the policemen, and the intelligent Martin Martinych, who, living in a strange apartment, did not dare to touch someone else's furniture in order to survive, but was able to step over himself in order to save a person dear to him , dies.

I gave only a few examples from the world of literature, proving that always, at all times, conscience has been and will be in honor. It is this quality that will not allow a person to commit an act, the price of which is the loss of honor. Fortunately, there are many such heroes in whose hearts honesty and nobility live in works and in real life.