Nina Green - "fairy of the magic strainer"
/ MARGARITA IVANCHENKO /
She was buried twice

Nina Green - wife famous writer... Her fate turned out to be no less dramatic than that of her husband. She was called a traitor for the fact that during the German occupation she edited the newspaper "Starokrymsky Bulletin", and kept silent about the fact that she helped the partisans. She withstood everything and forever preserved for the Crimea the memory of the great romantic Alexander Grin.

The newspapers could not report this and would never. Then such information was not leaked to the people. At night, at the old Crimean treasure, a group of accomplices dug up the graves of Nina Green and Alexander Green and reburied the traitor to the motherland (as it was then believed) in the grave of the writer. It was a conspiracy. Before going on such a case, they consulted a lawyer. He explained that if they are caught at a dug burial, they face a term for desecrating the grave.

Trials and chicken coop

In 1990, I had the opportunity to meet the people of Kiev who organized this reburial: Alexander Verkhman and Yulia Pervova. Then, on September 27, in the Old Crimea, Vladyka of Simferopol and Crimean Father Vasily served at the cemetery at the memorial service.
At the same time, a plate with the name of Nina Nikolaevna Green appeared here (almost 20 years after reburial). Until then, it was believed that she rests 50 meters from her husband. On this day, Crimea heard the truth, which only the competent authorities knew, but they also kept quiet, as they went nuts. A tub of information poured out on us during perestroika. Every day we learned the news: either about disasters, now about party money, now about famous personalities... The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics received its light and thirsted for democracy, although somewhat different from what we have today.
After the rally, Verkhman and Pervova told us, journalists, about how Green died in the arms of Nina Nikolaevna, how then she began to create his museum, how her mother went mad, the war began, and Nina, exhausted by hunger and suffering from a loved one, and still fear, because the Germans shot the mentally ill, got a job in a German printing house as a proofreader. After a while, she was appointed editor of the "Starokrymsky Bulletin" edition. The bulletin printed summaries and chronicles. Nina could not refuse for the same reasons that forced her to go to work. This work did not require her to personally assess the events - it was technical. Green helped the partisans and saved 13 people from death. At the end of the war, my mother dies, and Nina goes to Odessa, then ours were already approaching the Crimea, they said that they were shooting everyone who collaborated with the Germans, indiscriminately. I went to see friends, but got into a raid. Nina Nikolaevna was captured and, together with others, was sent to Germany.
She returned to Crimea. “... It's good there, but my bad is dearer to me than this good. I have known all the cruelty of homesickness and I do not wish anyone to survive it. " She knew that she would not be spared, then even for a carelessly dropped word, she was not spared, she herself appeared at the MGB and said: "I came to be arrested." How this little woman, the fairy of the magic strainer (as Green called her, reading her manuscripts and, as if through a strainer, passing what he read through her), withstood such terrible tests. When, ten years later, Nina Nikolaevna left the prison, there was a chicken coop in the Green's house of the first secretary of the district party committee.
Alexander Verkhman and Yulia Pervova were once brought to Old Crimea by the name of Green, but having met Nina Nikolaevna, they became her true friends. Are they really friends at all? This is a rare gift when a person can take on your troubles and bear it as his own. If it were not for these people, otherwise the fate of both Nina Nikolaevna and the Greenovsky Museum would have been. Over the years, they will become her executors. What word is not from our time. And here everything is not from our time: both the Greens' love, and they themselves are not in the least mercantile, as if floating in the air above the vanity, and the friends are the same.
When it became clear that Nina Nikolaevna would not receive a pension, and that she would not take other people's money, even from friends (it was made from the wrong test), they deceived her - they congratulated her on being able to get a pension, and began to send their money. Thanks to the efforts of friends, Nina Green was rehabilitated. It happened in 2001, thirty years after her death.

Bloody soul

When Nina met Alexander, she was 23, and he was 37. They met and parted for several years. "It was necessary for each of us to suffer separately in order to feel loneliness and fatigue more sharply." They were tortured, met by chance on Nevsky and lived a happy life. It is difficult not to envy their feelings, although, by and large, philistine, there was nothing to envy. She saw in him a writer, not a temporary worker, but a super-romantic, because his very soul was pure, strong.
The writer's drunkenness does not seem like something out of bounds. The soul is vulnerable, creative - that's what I was saving myself. Did you suffer from this spouse? Indisputably. But how!
There was a case when they dined with a famous family. Green did not limit himself to alcohol. The hostess then showed Nina Nikolaevna surprise:
- There were no signs of excitement on your face ...
- Why should I worry?
- But Alexander Stepanovich was downright indecent, completely drunk. We were so worried.
- You, inviting us, knew that Alexander Stepanovich was drinking; the dinner was with wine, therefore, Alexander Stepanovich who drank is a legitimate consequence. You, apparently, looked at this as a dangerous and curious sight, and it would have been even more piquant if an excited wife would cry out to Alexander Stepanovich from the other end of the table: “Sasha, don't drink, it's bad for you. Go home!" - and tears would flow from my eyes. For me at your dinner Alexander Stepanovich was not drunk, and therefore I had nothing to worry about. It was interesting and entertaining for me. "
Oh, how I wanted to shout through the years: bravo, Nina Nikolaevna! This is how real women know how to behave! She just loved him anyone and was sick not for herself, for him with her soul.
Let there be days and even months of such Green's illnesses, but in general they were happy in their little house: “I fall asleep, full of peace of mind and warmth,” writes Nina Green in her memoirs. - Alexander Stepanovich gave it to me. A little later he comes from his room, quietly undresses and goes to bed. And I know - the same bright world in those minutes and in his soul. "
Remember what Desi says in The Wave Runner, when her beloved tells her that the beautiful house in which they are staying has been bought and equipped especially for her: “Don't you think that everything can disappear?”
And so it happened - everything disappeared: the life of Nina Nikolaevna turned into a nightmare. Green fell seriously ill and lived extremely poorly. His death was a disaster for her: she temporarily loses her memory. And then he lives one dream: to equip a museum in their house. But the war does not ask about the plans ... Then everything is like in a terrible movie: a crazy mother, Germans, the death of my mother, the camps ... Whoever met her in the camp life, he forever preserved touching memories of Nina Nikolaevna. She is in these inhuman conditions was an unwaveringly romantic soul. In the camp, Green worked at the hospital with Tatyana Tyurina: "Nina Nikolaevna had authority with the staff and the most inveterate prisoners." Doctor Vsevolod Korol: “... At the university we had the subject of“ medical ethics ”, but you were the first person I met who applied this ethics in my life ... I hope I will not forget the history of Brattsev's illness until the grave. I write "I hope", because, having forgotten how you looked after this sick thief, I would have forgotten one of the most beautiful pictures of philanthropy ... "
Then she was transferred to the terrible Astrakhan camp, where the most exhausted were sent - to die or those who were guilty. And finally - freedom! It would seem that the misfortunes were over, but they had no end. Soon a free life will bring her to a state about which she will say: "Everything in the soul is like a heap of torn bloody rags."
In order to destroy the "enemy", the authorities spread gossip all over the Old Crimea and even prepared a fake document for those who tried to help in organizing the museum. This is how the first secretary of the district committee did not want to give up his shed - the chicken coop (the Green's house) and his garden (the Green's garden). As a result, a new barn was built for him, but the struggle for the garden continued for a long time. Nina Nikolaevna decided not to give up: let everything here be Green, let the trees rustle for those who come to visit Alexander Stepanovich. The concocted "legend", which was launched by the authorities, said that Nina Nikolaevna abandoned the sick Green, that he was dying, lying on the straw, all alone. And during the war, the liars played the fool, Nina Green betrayed the Soviet people and even transfused the blood of slain babies to the wounded fascists, and now she also wants to seize Green's house in order to arrange a spy turnout under the guise of a museum. As you know, gossip is always believed more than the truth. The slanderous piece of paper was a success not only among visitors, but also among a certain part of the old Crimean population.

Spiritual testament

The last effort went to the organization of the museum. Nina Green died on September 27, 1970 in Kiev - with friends. In her spiritual testament, she asked to be buried next to her husband. But at that time the authorities forbade burying the traitor to the motherland next to the Soviet writer. There were negotiations, meetings specially convened on this occasion, friends called Moscow, the Writers' Union, from there they called the Central Committee of the party. The authorities were adamant, but they took over the funeral. And they buried, however, not at 4 pm, as planned, but at 12. As a result, not everyone who wanted to could say goodbye to Nina Nikolaevna.
A year later, in October 1971, Yulia Pervova, Alexander Verkhman and four other brave people gathered at the Old Crimean cemetery. The woman was put, as they say in such cases, on the watch.
At night, thank God, a terrible wind arose, it drowned out the sound of sapper shovels on stones, of which there were a huge amount in the ground. The "operation" was successful, so to speak. Old Crimea slept peacefully, and its guards had no idea of \u200b\u200banything. “The coffin was carried in turn. Lit by the lights from the highway, he seemed to float through the air. It is possible that if a local resident wandered into the cemetery at that time, the legend about how Nina Nikolaevna reburied herself would go for a walk around the neighborhood, ”writes Yulia Pervova. A year later, a search was carried out at the apartment of one of the participants in these events and a diary was found. All were summoned, intimidated, but no one was imprisoned. Either they decided not to advertise what had happened, or they could not find an appropriate article in the Criminal Code.
But after a while, the story made a terrible grimace again. In 1998, at a local metal collection point, they found a citizen cutting part of a monument. While mining non-ferrous metal, the vandal mutilated the monument, tearing off the figure of a girl, symbolizing Runner on the waves. And imagine, this man turned out to be the grandson of the former head of the MGB, through whose hands the case of Nina Green took place at one time.
In August this year, all citizens of the country of Greenland celebrate the 125th birthday of their idol. They will surely remember on this day his "fairy of a magic strainer", who had inhuman trials in her life. And after death - double burial.

Http://1k.com.ua/86/details/9/1

Materials provided by the Feodosia Museum of A.S. Green!
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Please make additions! We are looking for descendants! [email protected]
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Materials in RGALI!
The A.S. Green Foundation at the Russian State Academy of Arts.
f. 127 op. 2 units xp. 50. Letters from K. N. Mironov (brother of N. N. Green).
f. 127 op. 2 units xp. 51. Letters and telegram from L.K. Mironov (N.N. Green's nephew).
f. 127 op. 2 units xp. 52. Letters from O.A. Mironova (mother of N.N. Green).
f. 127 op. 2 units xp. 87. Photos by S. Navashin-Paustovsky (individual) and L.K. Mironov (N.N. Green's nephew) in a group with students of the Leningrad Institute of Water Transport Engineers.
=========================================
Top-down list: Mironov ...
Generation 1
1. Mironov ...

Child's mother: ...
Son: Mironov Sergey ... (2-1)

Generation 2
2-1. Mironov Sergey ...
Born:?
Father: Mironov ... (1)
Mother: ...
Child's mother: ...
Son: Mironov Nikolay Sergeevich (3-2)
Wife: ...
Son: Mironov Alexander Sergeevich (4-2)
Son: Mironov Anatoly Sergeevich (5-2)

Generation 3
3-2. Mironov Nikolay Sergeevich
Born:?

Mother: ...
Mother of children: Savelyeva Olga Alekseevna (1874-1944)
Daughter: Mironova Nina Nikolaevna (11.10.1894-27.09.1970) (6-3)
Son: Mironov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1896-1954) (7-3)
Son: Mironov Sergey Nikolaevich (1898-After 1934) (8-3)

4-2. Mironov Alexander Sergeevich
Born:?
Father: Mironov Sergey ... (2-1)
Mother: ...
Wife: ...

5-2. Mironov Anatoly Sergeevich
Born:?
Father: Mironov Sergey ... (2-1)
Mother: ...
Wife: ...

Generation 4
6-3. Mironova Nina Nikolaevna (11.10.1894-27.09.1970)
Born: 10/11/1894. Died: 09/27/1970. Lifespan: 75


Husband: Mikhail Vasilievich Korotkov (? -1916)
Husband: Grinevsky Alexander Stepanovich (11.08.1880-08.07.1932)
Husband: Naniy Petr Ivanovich (1880-After 1942)

7-3. Mironov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1896-1954)
Born: 1896. Died: 1954. Life Expectancy: 58
Father: Mironov Nikolay Sergeevich (3-2)
Mother: Savelyeva Olga Alekseevna (1874-1944)
Wife: ... Maria ...
Son: Mironov Lev Konstantinovich (1915-01.1942) (9-7 (1))
Wife: ... Zoya Arkadyevna

8-3. Mironov Sergey Nikolaevich (1898-After 1934)
Born: 1898. Died: After 1934. Life Span: 36
Father: Mironov Nikolay Sergeevich (3-2)
Mother: Savelyeva Olga Alekseevna (1874-1944)

Generation 5
9-7 (1). Mironov Lev Konstantinovich (1915-01.1942)
Born: 1915. Died: 01.1942. Life expectancy: 27. Gone missing during the siege of Leningrad!
Father: Mironov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1896-1954) (7-3)
Mother: ... Maria ...
Wife: Iosifovich Eleonora Evgrafovna (1911-2003)
Daughter: Mironova Tatyana Lvovna Kazan (Around 1940) (10-9)

Generation 6
10-9. Mironova Tatyana Lvovna Kazan (Around 1940)
Born: Around 1940. Age: 78. Lives in Kazan.
Father: Mironov Lev Konstantinovich (1915-01.1942) (9-7 (1))
Mother: Iosifovich Eleonora Evgrafovna (1911-2003)
Husband: ...
Son: ... (11-10)

Generation 7
11-10. ...
Born:?
Father: ...
Mother: Mironova Tatyana Lvovna Kazan (Around 1940) (10-9)

Grin Nina Nikolaevna (nee Mironova, in the first marriage of Korotkova, in the second marriage Grinevskaya; since 1926 Green (Grinevskaya); since 1933 - Green, 11 (23). 10.1894 - 27.09.1970), second wife of A.S. Green.
She was born in the city of Narva, St. Petersburg province, in the family of Nikolai Sergeevich Mironov, an accountant of the Nikolaev railway, descended from a family of small noblemen in the city of Gdov, and Olga Alekseevna Savelyeva, the daughter of a Gdov merchant. The girl was christened Antonina, then they began to call him Nina. The original name was kept in the documents for some time, then it was forgotten.
After Nina, two more boys were born - Sergei and Konstantin, two and three years younger.
When Nina was seven years old, the Mironovs moved near Narva, to the estate of Prince Wittgenstein, from whom Nikolai Sergeevich received a managerial position.
In 1912, Nina Mironova graduated from the Narva gymnasium with a gold medal and entered the physics and mathematics department of the Higher Women's (Bestuzhe) courses in St. Petersburg. Later she switched to history and philology (did not graduate). In the same 1912, the Mironov family moved to the village of Ligovo near St. Petersburg, to their house.
In 1915 N. Mironova married Mikhail Vasilyevich Korotkov, a law student at the Petrograd University, taking his last name. In 1916, during World War I, M. Korotkov was mobilized to the front and died in the first battle, although he was considered missing for a long time.
In 1916, Nina Nikolaevna, after graduating from the nursing courses, worked in a hospital in Ligovo; at the end of the year she got a job at the Birzhevoy Courier newspaper. Since the beginning of 1917. moved to the work of assistant secretary in the newspaper "Petrogradskoe Echo".
In January 1918, in the edition of gas. “Petrograd Echo”, she met A.S. Green. In May of the same year, she fell ill with tuberculosis and went to stay with her relatives near Moscow.
From January to June 1921, Nina Nikolaevna lived in Ligovo, worked as a nurse in a hospital in the village of Rybatskoye.
On May 20, 1921, the marriage was registered between N.N. Korotkova and A.S. Grinevsky at the registry office on the street. Officer's office in the building of the Lithuanian castle. Nina Nikolaevna accepted real surname husband - Grinevskaya.
On June 27, 1926, the Feodosia city police department issued them identity cards (No. 80, No. 81) with the names Green (Grinevskaya), Green (Grinevsky).
Since 1932 (after the death of A.S. Green) N. Green began to work on the memories of Green and the popularization of the writer's work.
On April 1, 1933, Nina Nikolaevna received from the People's Commissariat for Social Security a certificate No. 1420 for re-registration under the name Green.
Since 1934, thanks to her efforts, Green's books began to be published: Fantastic Novels (1934), The Road To Nowhere (1935), Stories (1937), The Golden Chain (1939), Stories (1940).
In the same year N.Grin organized A.Green's memorial room in the house number 52 on the street. K. Liebknecht in the Old Crimea. After settling in the Feodosia Infizmet, she went on business trips around the country, started building her own house in St. Crimea, got along with P.I. Naniy, the doctor of Infizmet, with whom she parted in the summer of 1941.
In 1937 she graduated from the Regional Tatar feldsher-obstetric school.
In 1940, N. Green took up the issue of opening a house-museum of A.S. Green in St. Crimea, and the transfer of Green's archive to the State Literary Museum of the USSR and to the Institute of World Literature. M. Gorky.
January 1942 to October 1943 N. Green worked as an editor of the German newspaper "Official Bulletin of the Staro-Crimean District" and at the same time acted as the head of the district printing house.
On October 12, 1945 N.N. Green was arrested for collaborating with the Germans and sent to the Feodosia prison.
On February 26, 1946, by the verdict of the Military Tribunal of the NKVD of Crimea, she was imprisoned with a sentence of 10 years in forced labor camps of the NKVD, with a defeat in political rights for 5 years, with the confiscation of all property belonging to her personally.
September 17, 1955 N. Green was released under an amnesty with the removal of a criminal record.
Upon returning to Art. Crimea, she again began active work to create a house-museum of A.S. Green and popularize his work.
In 1960, N. Green, without waiting for official permission and help from the authorities, opened the A.S. Green house-museum for visitors, where she actually worked on a voluntary basis as a guide, keeper and cleaner until 1969.
On September 27, 1970, N.N. Green died in Kiev from an exacerbation of chronic coronary insufficiency, and was buried in the Starokrymsky cemetery.
On July 8, 1971, the A.S. Green House-Museum was officially opened in the Old Crimea.
December 5, 1997 N.N. Green was rehabilitated under Art. 1 of the Law of Ukraine of April 17, 1991 "On the rehabilitation of victims of political repression in Ukraine."
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RGALI F127 op.1 ex 113
K. N. Mironov's letters to Green's sister Nina Nikolaevna
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2/15/1948 Dear Nina!
Forgive me firmly, firmly. First of all, I want you to understand why I didn’t answer you for a long time. Your first letter was received at my home in early December. I was just in Moscow, I returned from a business trip only on December 23. It was very difficult for me to read this letter and I do not know how I could restrain myself and finish reading it, but more on that later. I really wanted to immediately write to you and, literally, every day this thought did not leave my head. What kept me delayed all the time was that I thought that I should not only write to you, but also help you. This is what detained me all the time and made me postpone the letter from day to day, and finally yesterday I received your postcard.
I really want you to understand my position - this is very difficult and I want you to understand and believe my delay in writing.
My life turned out like this. I abandoned the tram - I was exhausted to the last degree. After all, I worked from morning until 11-12 at night, without going home, not having a single day of rest and, moreover, having almost daily night worries on the phone. I got what is called “to the handle” and managed, in the end, to continue my leadership and break free. I work now in Gorplan as the Head of the sector. I get 1000 rubles. Minus deductions - about 850. Now I have a family ... One daughter got married, has a child, but lives with me, since her husband has not been able to get an apartment in Moscow for almost a year, where he works. The second daughter works at the plant and brings in 150-200 rubles a month. The wife doesn't work. ... hug and live. You won't find any private work now. Believe it or not, I don't even have a change of underwear, I only wear one suit ... Well, yes, what about that! In addition, I now have to pay about 150 rubles. Dolgov a month: went to another city to enroll; did not agree and now they are collecting money.
Nina dear! Believe me, I am writing this only so that you understand that nothing else but the inability to help you in any way made me delay so long with an answer. ... promised a small job in one place - I will earn something and send you at least a little. I beg you very much - understand me and forgive me from the bottom of my heart. It seems to me that I have not clearly expressed what is going on in my heart. Until now, I cannot recover from the almost two-year “rest of 37-39 years. I read your first letter and everything inside turned over. How I finished reading it - I don't know. And now I sit and write to you and look at my mother's picture and it is hard, hard on my soul. It's so bad, because I haven't even corresponded with her, since 27 or 28 I haven't even seen her. Her and dad's cards are always in front of my eyes, on the table. I was somehow unsuccessful - I don't know who by nature. Now he has become gray-haired - and everything is "a lone wolf"; Until now, I can't get close to any of the people. This imprint is in relationships and with my family, and with my mother, and with you. Believe it - no one comes to my house and I don't call anyone. I am alone all the time, I am silent all the time. There is no one, not even anyone to pour out what is happening in the soul ... And therefore it must be so hard, painfully difficult to experience all the blows in life, of which there are so many.
Poor mother! As I imagine it now. For some reason, I especially remember the period of my life in Narva - more than any other. I remember her clearly in L- ... e in 19 and then in the Crimea, in 27 or 28 - it's so hard to remember. We will end life, of course, sooner or later, and it’s not particularly hard that she died. It is hard how she died, how she, poor, had to suffer, and, although without a clear consciousness, but to experience all the horror that surrounded her. It is hard that I myself was away from her in her most difficult moments of life. But - there remains a heaviness on the soul, there remains a great regret about a stupid, aimless, meaningless life lived, a life lived not for oneself, not for other loved ones, but only for work. Stupid, sorry.
Dear Nina! I received a letter from you in the summer - and almost immediately answered it. But I received no answer. Transferred money - returned back. I asked for the address table - I did not receive an answer. So I already decided that for some reason you do not want to keep in touch with me. It was very difficult, since I have no one else relatives. I don’t know where Seryozha is, I haven’t had a single letter from him since they parted. Where the grandfather’s guys, it seems, Shura and Tolya, I don’t know since they parted as children. With Aunt Zhenya, at one time, back in 35-36, a rare connection was established, and now it has also broken off and I don't get any answer from them either ... Everyone parted, everyone was confused. And the blame for everything, of course, I myself, guilty of my unsociability, my lack of obligation.
How hard it was for me to learn about your fate - I can't even imagine all this horror. Please write in detail about your life. I have absolutely no idea how you live, what happened to you. Are you condemned or, only, exiled. What exactly is your fault and how heavy it is. All this interests and worries me very much. Why are letters coming from you for so long: your last postcard, dated 8.1., I received only on February 12 - it was more than a month.
You, of course, wonder what my family is. I, my wife, her two daughters, but I actually consider them mine, and granddaughters - that's all. Lyovushka went missing - apparently died in L-de, but how - I don't know. I received the last letter from him in January 1942 - a very difficult letter. In particular, he wrote that he would be able to evacuate. Then I received a telegram with a request to transfer money to the road. I transferred the money and received it back in April. Since then, I have not heard, not spirit - where, what, how I died - I know nothing. He wrote to all the places where they could know him - but either did not receive an answer, or received official replies that they could not report anything. This is such a great loss for me and so heavy! His daughter Tanyusha remained here in Kazan. Lives here with her mother. Her mother, wife Lyovushka, works as a director at the House of Actor and as an assistant at the Musical Theater. The woman is good and serious. He is in great need and so hard that even his only, dear granddaughter, you cannot financially help. Tanyusha is very similar to Lyovushka, only her eyes, like her mother's, are curly. The girl is very good, she is already 8 years old, she is in the 1st grade, she visits me every Sunday without fail, and so sometimes she runs in. I can't look at her without tears - before Lyovushka's eyes it is so sad, hard, so I want to see him near me ...
You see how bleak, boring, depressing my bitter life has developed, you don't know when there will be a gap.
The only thing is that life has now become a little easier due to the abolition of cards. You don't have to "invent" how to get a piece of bread, because you can't live on cards. It is terrible to remember this difficult era. You can think - in 43-44, the card here reached 60-65 rubles. .. and by this level you can judge about other benefits of life. Now, of course, it is also expensive to live, but still you cannot compare it with the horror that was. I beg you very much - write me how you live. Every day I can't get out of my head how to get at least some money and send it to you. And, believe me, dear Nina, at the first even small opportunity, I will do it immediately. It is so difficult to write about it to you when you know in what difficult situation you are. But I felt ashamed that because of these material questions I was delaying your answer, you might think that I do not treat your misfortune well. Believe it or not - I myself know how hard it is, I experienced it myself and understand everything. I just ask you - I'm sorry I delayed the letter to you because of these considerations. Believe me, I really want to be with you in good, close, friendly relations - I have no one else in the world. Write when your misfortunes will end, when you will be free, free. Maybe we will decide to live together - that would be good. I think there is definitely work for you here. What do you think about it?
In general, Nina, please write to me, write in detail about everything. I will not delay the answer for a minute. Well, I wish you everything, all the best and speedy release. Sorry for the long and messy letter. Yes - I am attaching my mother's card and Alexander Stepanovich's card to the letter. These are my last ones (my mother's - there is another one), but I'm sorry, there is nothing to reshoot. I am sending it by registered order, because I am afraid that otherwise the letter with the card will not reach. Goodbye, dear Nina. I kiss and hug you tightly, tightly and with all my heart I wish you all the best.
Your Kostya.
Kazan 15 February 1948
I am attaching my own card, which is probably very bad, but there is no other. It was filmed in 41 at the beginning of the war, when he was taken into the army. Was in it only 3-4 months was needed for certification.

Kazan 5.7.1949
Dear Nina!
I already wrote to you that writing a letter is a great job for me. But that's not the point! But this is not the main thing. I was in Leningrad, found with great difficulty the traces of Lyovushka. He - died, died stupid, outrageously stupid. He and a number of his comrades had already got out of Leningrad, got into a freight car and here - sat down by the stove and fell asleep forever. Obviously, my heart was overwhelmed and could not bear it So his body was left at st. Borisova Griva Finl. Railway. Now you can't bring it back! And since then something happened to me. I don't know what, but it's very hard for me all the time, my soul hurts. I don't know when I'll be back to normal. After all, this is all that I had in my life. Yes, there is also big money turmoil - I get less money, but more and more work. That's all that in total knocked me out of a rut, upset my balance. In Moscow, I could only be from train to train. I stopped by the commission - but, as a sin, it was not an admission day, and the information is given only in person. I got your notes. I also received them from your friends - they are now kept with me. Dear Nina! You must have all the dry fruits, the fruits are of course already used up. I know, I remember at the first opportunity I'll send you more. I'm sorry. How are you? I still want to re-compose the statement for you, as I think it would be shorter and more accurate. But I don’t know how you will accept this offer and whether it can be sent to you. Please write to me and do not pay attention to my sloppiness - that's what I am by nature.
Yes, I almost forgot! In Leningrad, I accidentally found my uncle - Anatoly and Alexander Mironov, the sons of my grandfather. I could only be with them just before the departure and found only one - Tolya. Shura was in Moscow. We talked, remembered childhood. They have preserved many cards. I took a picture from them, where my mother was taken, you, Seryozha and I are everywhere, at the age of 5-6 years. They say they have been looking for you for a long time and have not found you. I didn’t tell them anything about your business — I didn’t know how you would take it. If you have nothing against it, I can write to them, especially since I have already received a letter from them that I am not writing anything to them.
I give their addresses: Leningrad, st. Marat No. 43 sq. 23 Alexander and kV. No. 15 Anatoly. Shura lives well, but I didn't like Tolya, some kind of unfortunate one.
Well, goodbye so far - don't be angry with me. Everything will be settled and formed. Hello to you from all mine.
Kisses, write.
Your Kostya.

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No one expected such a riot. A chain of people holding hands, among whom were front-line soldiers, blocked the path of the funeral procession. The coffin with the body of Nina Green was not allowed into the cemetery, as if her presence could desecrate the sacred land. The woman, endlessly beloved by the writer Alexander Green, his wife, the prototype of Frezi Grant, people were not allowed to the place of final rest. The city authorities managed to persuade the townspeople to give in, and the burial took place, but after a while the burial of Nina Nikolaevna Green was overgrown with many conflicting tales. Even after her death, she continued to be the victim of word of mouth. Why?

Life back

It seems that everything is known about her. The shadow of Nina Nikolaevna hovers in the museums of Green, Feodosia and Starokrymsk, where the writer's companion is remembered only with a kind word. Tourists are presented with a book of memoirs by Yu. Pervova, guidebooks to the eastern Crimea with essays about N.N. Green, her memories of Alexander Green. The guides soundly and diligently tell about her, spring, blooming, and about the dying, elderly. But what was between youth and the sunset of the long life of the widow Green, for some reason, is hidden. As well as why they saw her off not with an orchestra and a memorial service, but with a groan of curses. The secret of Nina Nikolaevna is kept by the city of Old Crimea, the last pier of Alexander Grin. Opening it step by step, I had a chance to talk with fellow countrymen N.N.Grin - teachers, librarians, representatives of the executive branch, museum workers, veterans of the Great Patriotic War... To my research luck, I met a man who was ahead of me in the search for the truth and keeps in my memory the silenced voices - Ivan Karpovich Melnikov, a front-line soldier, a writer whose pen is the unpublished essay "Black Spots on Scarlet Sails". The words of my interlocutors involuntarily merged into a single story with published memoirs, and the fate of Nina Green, lifetime and posthumous, demanded a clear and bright light. So let's turn back time ...

Nina Nikolaevna Mironova-Green was born on October 23 (new style), 1894 in the city of Gdov, Pskov region (according to other sources, the Estonian city of Narva). Twice she was a widow, the data about the fate of the third life partner is contradictory. She considered 11 years of marriage with the writer A.S. Green to be key of her long century. This time is dedicated to her memoirs, released in 2000 in Simferopol as a separate edition.

It is this thin little book that will intrigue any attentive reader. “One thing I understood very quickly by my feminine instinct,” the author writes, “that in his (Green's - V.K.) view I am much better than I really am, that he endows me with such features and feelings as I had in rudiment or not. Realizing this, I was inwardly dumbfounded, afraid that in the end he would see that I was not the same, and decided all my life to try to be natural and as good as I think ... "

For about 12 years, Nina Nikolaevna played along with the imagination of her husband-writer. Her efforts were not in vain: the dream woman gained immortality in his letters, poems, prose works, known to thousands of readers. Nina Nikolaevna preferred to keep silent about herself outside Green, emphasizing that only the years spent with him are important to her. Who was she before him? An ordinary schoolgirl, then one of hundreds of sisters of mercy, then an ordinary employee of the editorial office of the newspaper "Petrogradskoe Echo", where Green actually saw her. What did she become with him? A legendary figure, to whom “Scarlet Sails” is publicly dedicated, and secretly all the works of Green, written by him over the years of his life together. The game was worth the candle, and the pause came in 1932 - the summer of Green's death, and those who saw N.N.Grin behind the scenes of its former brilliance could not forget her true face. These witnesses are residents of Old Crimea. People whom Nina Nikolaevna considered, judging by her "Memoirs ...", are either absent or faceless. But they were neither thoughtless, nor faceless, nor mute. The word is behind them.

Through the mouth of eyewitnesses

Having settled in the Old Crimea in 1930, N.N. and A.S. Greens hardly thought that their married couple had riveted the attention of many famous residents. But in a provincial town, a young secular beauty and her stern-looking companion inevitably caught the eye. Who they were, few people knew: the writer Green in those years had no current fame. The newcomers almost did not make acquaintances, they did not seek the friendship of the inhabitants and did not offer their own. Only a few neighbors treated this family with genuine kindness and sympathy. In 2004, Maria Konstantinovna Boyko-Goncharenko, a pensioner, a former primary school teacher, recalled: “My father, Konstantin Ipatievich Boyko, was a priest, and in the world - a handyman. I don't know where and how he met Alexander Stepanovich, but only the Greens asked him to help them in the garden and around the house. Dad cut roses, brought water, chopped wood, boiled a samovar. He visited them every day, and each time he took me with him. I was seven years old then, and I remember everything perfectly. While dad was busy with work, Alexander Stepanovich called me to his place. He had a rocking chair, such a light one, made of willow twigs, and we rocked in it together.

So, the Green couple, contrary to Nina Nikolaevna's memories of their poverty, had the opportunity to hire a servant. Alexander Stepanovich, who loved children, became attached to Murasha - so he called his little girlfriend. Maria Konstantinovna remembered his gift for the rest of her life: a beautiful doll from the store, the only purchased toy that she had in childhood. The clever girl witnessed the last hours of Alexander Stepanovich.

“No one visited Green,” Maria Konstantinovna assured. at least, when my father and I were in the house, there was no one. Only Alexander Stepanovich, Nina Nikolaevna and her mother, Olga Alekseevna. Green was very fond of listening to birds singing and would sit or lie for hours at the open window, near which was growing a large cherry plum. The noise of its foliage reminded him of the sea ... Alexander Stepanovich was very sick, breathing heavily. And then one day, when he felt really bad, he asked dad not to leave. We stayed in his room: father, me and Nina Nikolaevna. She was sitting on a stool, and I was next to him on a bench and heard his parting words. He asked his wife to bury him on an elevated place, from where the sea could be seen, and to plant the same cherry plum on his grave. And then, quietly, he stopped breathing. "

They buried Green, according to Maria Konstantinovna, very modestly. The coffin with the body of the writer was carried on a ruler, a long cart, followed by almost no one. Murasha was sitting next to her deceased friend, holding a cherry plum seedling between her knees - her father did everything that Alexander Stepanovich asked for. The widow tells about her husband's death in a completely different way: “For several hours my mother and I sat beside him in complete silence. Few people visited us, and at these late hours no one came, no one disturbed with unnecessary words and questions of the bitter minutes of my separation from him. There were no tears; they dried up in the last days of his death and came later, when the soul, left alone, weakened ... On the ninth of July at six thirty minutes in the evening, Alexander Stepanovich left his home, so long desired by him. Father Mikhail served the panikhida solemnly and reverently. The small church choir was joined by the city's singers from the sanatorium ... The procession was moving slowly, met at the crossroads by crowds of residents who came out to the solemn funeral singing. We knew few people in the Old Crimea - many of them saw him off on his last journey. "

“No,” Maria Konstantinovna insisted after reading this, “probably Nina Nikolaevna wanted to be seen off by the whole world. But his funeral was very modest, because no one honored Alexander Stepanovich as an author then, and as a person he was simply not known. " Let's not argue with her - in the days of our meeting, M.K. Goncharenko remained the only witness to an event of the distant past.

Alexander Stepanovich passed away earlier than the old Crimean residents had time to recognize him. A different fate awaited the writer's widow. After the death of her husband, she remained in the Old Crimea, and next to the tiny wretched house that the Greens acquired two months before the death of Alexander Stepanovich, a spacious mansion arose - the new dwelling of Nina Nikolaevna, built for the fees of the writer's newly published books. Hostess big house with a beautiful garden, she arranged her life in a new way: now she is the companion of Pyotr Ivanovich Nania, the attending physician of her late husband. Nina Nikolaevna often visited Feodosia, where Naniy worked, took part in the organization of a sun cure for his project and received royalties for Green's publications. Sharing table, shelter and bed with Nania, Nina Nikolaevna reigned two steps from the house, where every breath of another man was full of selfless love for her. Did she think about it, did she measure her life by the yardstick of loyalty, honesty, kindness?

The answer to this question was voiced in the fiery 1941. Here is what Olimpiada Petrovna Stoyanova-Bakalova, a partisan liaison, retired woman, former teacher of Starokrymskaya high school:

“I turned 20 when the war began. We had a big family: mother, me, three brothers, sister Lena, my three-year-old daughter Galochka. Like everyone else, we were starving. Like everyone else, they went through the agony of the occupation. My middle brother Yura, a scout of a partisan detachment, died in a battle on Mount Burus, and when he was brought to the city to bury him, they found two grains of corn in his pocket - a day's partisan ration ... We were devoted to the Motherland. They were ready to give everything for her freedom, and those who went over to the side of the Germans seemed the most terrible criminals ... Among the traitors was Nina Nikolaevna Green. As we knew, she volunteered to work as a translator and editor of the provocative newspaper of the Germans, rode the streets of the Old Crimea on a purebred stallion, in an Amazon and a hat with a veil, accompanied by Reich officers. She spoke in the city square with calls to go to Germany to gain culture - as she called hard labor. Nobody could forgive her for that. "

According to the old residents of the city, at the beginning of the war, Pyotr Ivanovich Naniy left the Old Crimea forever, taking with him the family values \u200b\u200bof the Mironovs. For Olga Alekseevna, the mother of Nina Nikolaevna, it was a heavy blow. Nania's war and deed shocked her so much that her mind was clouded. Subsequently, Nina Nikolaevna claimed that she had decided to work with the Nazis because of her mother's hunger and illness. Alas, this was not an excuse. Everything that the Nazis published in their provocative newspaper had the signature “N. Green, ”and it cut hearts. According to IK Melnikov, the commander of the 5th Komsomol-youth detachment, Alexei Andreevich Vakhtin, was preparing to come to the city with several fighters to punish the traitor according to the laws of wartime. Only an accident saved Nina Nikolaevna from partisan retaliation.

Nina Nikolaevna managed to avoid being shot, but not punished.

In 1945, Nina Nikolaevna was tried publicly, O. P. Bakalova recalled. - I handed over to the court the issue of the fascist newspaper with the signature “N. Green ". She was first sentenced to 25 years in prison, and then only ten.

Green's "Assol" and "Frezi" showed themselves in such a way that few people believed in her virtue. There were rumors that in her house, which was empty due to the fault of Nania, Nina Nikolaevna cohabited with senior officers. This was also the opinion of the writer IK Melnikov, who openly reproached the widow at a personal meeting in the unofficial Old Crimean museum of Green. Almost unfamiliar with each other fellow countrymen, with whom I had a chance to talk, stated the same thing: N.N. Mironova lived separately during the life of Alexander Stepanovich, in Feodosia, and mother-in-law Olga Alekseevna and neighbors - Pankovs, Boyko looked after the terminally ill Green , Bila Tserkva. And this opinion was not a product of blind hatred for everyone and everyone: Olga Mironova, who died in 1944, no one thought to offend - she was buried in the same cemetery with her son-in-law, with respect and reverence. By that time, her daughter, anticipating the arrival of Soviet troops in the Old Crimea, was going to flee to Germany and stay there forever (in the criminal case of N.N. Green No. 9645, the departure to Germany is presented as violent), but it did not work out. She was arrested in the Old Crimea, tried in Simferopol and sent under escort to serve time near the Pechora River and in Astrakhan.

For ten years they have not heard anything about her. Wounds healed, buildings rebuilt, people gathered on weekends in a lush city garden, on a dance floor, and rejoiced that they had survived. But in 1956 the residents of Old Crimea learned that, like a black shadow of the past, Nina Nikolaevna returned to their city. And not just like that, but with the desire to restore the rights to Green's house and his mansion. The bell rang, and the curtain of the new act of her performance began to swing open slowly.

Rehabilitation

From 1956 to 1970, the year of her death, Nina Nikolaevna lived in the Old Crimea, leaving it for a short time and returning again. The years spent in the camps were thrown away - as were the years of the war, the years of his life with P.I. Now she is again Nina Green, the muse of a talented writer. Her goal is to achieve his nationwide fame, and at the same time - her indissoluble involvement in his creative destiny and fame.

From the very beginning N. N. Green had to overcome considerable difficulties. Her and Nania's house was considered a Zhaktov (state) house, and the first secretary of the Starokrymsk district party committee, L.S.Ivanov, lived in it. Nina Nikolaevna would never have been able to return this property to herself. The house where Green died was occupied by chickens. However, during the war years, under Nina Nikolaevna, it housed a German stable. So Ivanov only continued to use it almost as before. In spite of everything, the writer's widow decided to turn this barn into a house-museum of A. S. Grin - with a garden, running water and other amenities: "as it was under Alexander Stepanovich." In the 50s, a wide audience drew attention to Green's works. Colleagues-writers treated them with great respect, and Nina Nikolaevna used this with success. Possessing a unique charm, charming appearance and subtle speech, N. N. Green attracted Moscow writers to her side, visited Kiev, Leningrad, and everywhere left the best impression of herself. None of her interlocutors simply could imagine what she was punished for and why officials and partocrats are being infringed on their rights.

In the organization of the old Crimean museum of A.S. Green, his widow was refused at every step, and this outraged her new friends and admirers. The representatives of the Old Crimean authorities were attacked in the press: the strong patron of Nina Nikolaevna tried to beat the situation in her favor. Among them was the writer Sergei Smirnov, the ace in the deck of Nina Green. Smirnov was well aware that his ward would never be able to get the matter off the ground, as long as the stigma of the enemy of the people was on her. And then, by hook or by crook, the former typographer began to seek her rehabilitation.

In N. Green's statements and appeals to higher authorities, cooperation with the Germans was presented as forced and episodic, leaving for Germany was forced. Nina Nikolaevna's sharp mind helped to give the facts the character needed for rehabilitation. But there were still witnesses, meeting with whom could ruin the whole game. To avoid this, the resourceful lady began to report about herself - in letters and orally - the most incredible gossip, allegedly coming from the old Crimean people. These stories are described in detail in Yu. A. Pervov's "Memories of Nina Nikolaevna Green". Against their background, the truth about NN Green's "exploits" during the war, too, had to appear as a perverse fiction. And so it happened. The people who were betrayed by N. Green received the fame of slanderers, Old Crimea turned into "Kaperna", and the aged "Assol" wandered lonely through its streets with the air of the holy great martyr.

Elena Alekseevna Kruglova, a doctor, recalls: “In 1965 I graduated from the first year of the medical institute in Tomsk and came home on vacation. Once, I don't remember why, I went to the city center. Before reaching the post office, I saw that something strange was happening on Lenin Street. Passers-by, walking on the right side, began to move to the left - abruptly, as if on command. I asked someone what happened. “Yes, this fascist has appeared,” they told me. And I saw an elderly woman walking down the street beautiful woman, Nina Nikolaevna, as it turned out later. The way people turned away from her will be remembered for a lifetime. "

A few years later, Elena Alekseevna worked as a district doctor in the Old Crimea. Nina Nikolaevna was still alive, and once E. Kruglova had to come to her on a call. The patient greeted her with a radiant smile: "What a charming young doctor came to me today!" The conversation with Nina Nikolaevna was charming, light, entertaining. Elena Alekseevna recalled the summer episode of 1965, compared it with a visit to an elderly woman, still beautiful in appearance, and could not help but be surprised at the contrast of impressions.

In the same 1965, as OP Bakalova recalled, after celebrating the anniversary of A.S.Grin, Sergei Sergeevich Smirnov decided to gather the old Crimean residents in the central square, near the partisan cemetery, and invited Nina Nikolaevna there. He apparently wanted to find out who is right and who is wrong, and to reconcile the inhabitants of the city with their victim. The appearance of Nina Nikolaevna near the graves of the defenders of the city was perceived as blasphemy. The meeting turned into a spontaneous meeting. Smirnov, having listened to speeches full of anger, had to leave with nothing.

Such attempts to reconcile with N. N. Green both ordinary citizens and representatives of the authorities invariably led to failure. In the end, his widow managed to move into Green's house. Through her efforts, it was rebuilt, tourists were constantly visiting it, but it never received the official status of a museum during her lifetime. Nina Nikolayevna compensated for this by conducting numerous excursions, skillfully answering any questions, she was invariably benevolent, welcoming, remembered Alexander Stepanovich with fondness and thus won the hearts of his admirers. They believed her recklessly: the evidence of this is the memorial book of the museum. Visitors confessed their love to her, as did Green himself, and Nina Nikolaevna celebrated a victory in her heart.

In the footsteps of publications

Recently, after many years of absence of the Green couple, their names began to appear frequently on the pages of publications. The novel and the marriage of "Assol" and "Gray" are given shades of unearthly love. The beginning was laid by Nina Nikolaevna herself - "Memories of Alexander Green" sound like a magical symphony of deep and exciting feelings. Let's not check her revelations for sincerity. The world of relations with A.S. Green belonged only to the two of them, which means that no one has the right to interfere in it. The life of Nina Nikolaevna after 1932 is a different matter. Her actions affected the fate of an entire city, albeit a small one, and this is the business of many. And therefore, what they write about her must be extremely objective and honest.

Unfortunately, in trying to justify Nina Green, researchers and biographers are not too keen on this. In their view, obviously, Nina and Alexander Greens are a single whole. The fact that N. N. Green was arrested for treason seems to cast a shadow on the remarkable writer, casts doubt on the purity of his best heroes. But could A.S. Green foresee what would become of his beloved after his death? He was a dreamer, able to hear the sound of the surf in the rustle of leaves and to see in an ordinary woman the genius of a high soul. He did not know his wife - by her own confession. Therefore, there is no point in rehabilitating Nina Nikolaevna for Green's sake. This is only exacerbated by the mistake, the excusable romance and unacceptable for everyone else. It is especially a pity that the delusion lingering in time gave rise to essays, articles and even books that distort the true facts.

Myth one: rescue of 13 hostages taken for the murder of a German officer

The conclusion regarding Nina Nikolaevna Grin, based on the materials of the archival criminal case No. 9645, reads: “In 1959, at the request of NN Grin, the validity of her conviction was checked. In the statement, she did not deny her work during the German occupation as head of the printing house and editor of the "Official Bulletin of the Starokrymsky District". She explained this by material need. In addition, she indicated in a statement that in September 1943 she took an active part in rescuing from execution 13 Soviet citizens arrested by the Germans for the murder of a German officer. Some of the interviewed witnesses (four names are indicated) confirmed the arrest of 13 hostages and participation of NN Green in their release. "

Nina Nikolaevna, perhaps, exaggerated her role in saving people from execution, as well as the situation itself. The murder of a German officer without a single culprit is absurd. But the executor Green (completely in vain!) Returned to this fact, which exposed the heroine of her memories as a liar.

There are many written testimonies, publications, and even about the occupation of Old Crimea. works of artwritten on the basis of documentary facts. Ivan Melnikov's story "While the Heart Beats" is one of them. The life of a small town during the war appears in it in all its pitiless and terrible reality. Retreating from the city under the onslaught of Soviet troops, the Nazis massacred and shot about six hundred civilians on April 13, 1944, out of a sense of base rage. The entire city was at great risk in the massacre of partisans on the territory of the Old Crimea. The scout Sergei Logvinov was hanged by the Nazis in the presence of hundreds of old Crimean residents, who were rounded up with rifle butts and forced to pass under escort to the place of execution - "for science's sake." The Nazis did not know the partisan Lidia Shvedchenko, who was especially dangerous for the occupiers. Therefore, sensing her appearance in the Old Crimea, the Germans forced the townspeople to leave their homes, gather in the market square, and arrested all the women named Lydia before they seized Shvedchenko herself. Soon, the 20-year-old patriot died at the hands of executioners in the dungeons of the Gestapo.

“For each killed German, the Nazis took and shot 30 hostages from local residents,” writes AI Oleinikov, a partisan, a resident of the village of Rozalyevka, close to the Old Crimea, in his memoirs. It is logical to assume that the murder of an officer on South Street of Staryi Krym should have led to traditional massacres. In the case of Nina Nikolaevna, the occupants arrested only 13 men, sent them to the Simferopol prison and, after a petition from the head of the printing house, released everyone to their homes, which is at least surprising.

It is also strange that the fact of rescuing the hostages by Nina Green was confirmed not by thirteen, but only by four people. Of course, these votes are quite enough to justify it. However, for some reason they sounded not in 1945, during the trial, but fourteen years later, when members of the USSR Writers' Union, legally literate and authoritative people, took part in Nina Nikolaevna's rehabilitation efforts. Why did the old Crimean defenders of Nina Nikolaevna not intercede for her during the trial? Remains a mystery.

Myth two: Nina Nikolaevna is a messenger of the partisan detachment

First of all - which one? During the Great Patriotic War, Kirovsky, Starokrymsky, Sudaksky and other partisan detachments operated on the territory of the southeastern Crimea. Nina Nikolaevna could keep in touch with the soldiers of the Starokrymsky detachment. But through whom? She did not take part in the underground patriotic work of the communists and Komsomol members and had nothing to do with them. This was confirmed by the leaders of the section of the Old Crimean partisans. This means that N. N. Green acted (if she acted) alone, personally transmitting information directly to the forest. But how and when? The partisans were not easy to find. Hiding from the Nazis, they set up parking in hard-to-reach places, far from settlements. To transmit information to the forest, Nina Nikolaevna would have to leave Old Crimea from time to time for more than a day. It would be simply impossible to combine such travel with the management of a German printing house.

NN Green says something else against the connection with the partisans. In 1965-67, all members of the partisan and underground movement living in the Old Crimea joined the military-scientific society “Section of the Crimean Partisans”. The archive of the society has 28 profiles of Starokrym residents - fighters and messengers. There is no questionnaire with the name of Nina Nikolaevna among them.

Myth three: honoring N. Green at the celebration of the anniversary of A.S. Green in the Old Crimea

If the attraction of Nina Nikolaevna to the partisan movement can be explained by attempts to wash off the stigma of the German swastika from her, then it is extremely difficult to justify the false description of Green's jubilee in 1965 by his widow's friends. When in 1985 Yulia Aleksandrovna Pervova put the last point in her "Memories of Nina Nikolaevna Green", the participants and organizers of this holiday were in a clear mind and in good health. The author had someone to coordinate his memoirs with, but this was not done, and the lines of her book involuntarily ask for a confrontation with the testimonies of the Old Crimean people.

“One fine day,” writes Yu. A. Pervova, “the regional administrations of Crimea received an order from Kiev to widely celebrate Green's jubilee. The vanity began. Starokrymskiy cinema "Progress" became "Dream"; not far from the hotel building was built a new open-air cinema "Brigantina". All inquiries were hastily answered and the places for the guests were prepared accordingly ”.

I am connected with the Old Crimea by blood ties, and therefore became interested in the date of construction of the aforementioned cinemas, familiar to me from childhood. The head of the department of the BTI of the Starokrymsky City Executive Committee, Margarita Leonidovna Svidlova, said: the Brigantina cinema was built before the start of the Great Patriotic War. It is impossible to establish the exact date of construction, since the archive of pre-war buildings burned down, but it is known for sure that it was rebuilt and reconstructed in 1948. As for the movie theater "Dream", it was built before 1967 and never was "Progress". So, Yulia Pervova deliberately made a serious error of fact.

Others follow. As we found out, the initiative to celebrate Green's jubilee in the Old Crimea originated in the city itself, and was not ordered "from above". The local department of culture was in charge of organizing the celebrations - of course, with the knowledge of the city executive committee and the district party committee, as was then customary. The organization of the holiday was led by the head of the city children's library Alexandra Zakharovna Kruglova and the director of the Brigantina and Dream cinemas Makar Markovich Zaglinsky. Alexandra Zakharovna personally visited Koktebel to invite writers from the Literary Fund, including Sergei Smirnov, to the celebration of the anniversary. This was reported to me by her fellow librarians and her daughter, a spectator and an accomplice of the celebration, Elena Alekseevna, a doctor who visited Nina Nikolaevna in her house.

The official nature of the holiday did not allow the absence of Green's widow, but the inhabitants of the city were furious. According to Maria Konstantinovna Goncharenko, people were preparing to take rotten eggs with them in order to throw them at Nina Nikolaevna if she appears in the Brigantine hall. Realizing what a scandal the evening could turn into, A.Z. Kruglova and her assistants tried to convince the invitees not to settle scores with the elderly woman.

“Mom was very worried,” recalls Elena Alekseevna, “on the one hand, she was responsible for the course of the event, full of performances by officials, writers, poets, and concert numbers. On the other hand, all this threatened to turn into a real revolt of the audience against Nina Nikolaevna, which had to be prevented and settled. Mom and her colleagues talked to people one at a time and in groups. Volunteer law enforcement officers were going to be placed between the rows in the cinema to calm the excitement. And I must say that among them there was no one who did not read and did not love the works of Green. The intelligentsia of the Old Crimea was going to come to the holiday ... "

They were preparing to bring Nina Nikolaevna at the last moment, so as not to upset the audience in advance, and to sit her not in the presidium, but in the first row, so that she would not catch the eye from the audience.

“I continue from memory,” writes Yu. Pervova, “we were taken to the so-called anniversary meeting in newborn "Brigantine" (italics mine - V.K.). We sat in the front row. The hall was full, they stood in the aisles. There were boys hanging in the trees that surrounded the cinema. "

Vladimir Mikhailovich Osipov, a front-line soldier, historian, former director of the Strokrym secondary school, recalls: “By the start of the holiday, Nina Nikolaevna was late. She was shown and seated in the front row. The leaders of the regional party committee and writers were sitting in the presidium. The jubilee had already begun, when suddenly Sergei Smirnov approached the first row, kissed Nina Nikolayevna's hand and took her to the presidium to sit next to him. The hall froze, there was deathly silence.

Smirnov's act shocked everyone, but out of respect for him, they had to come to terms with what was happening. All the more paradoxical are the revelations of Yulia Pervova: “After the secretary, Sergei Sergeevich Smirnov got up. “Green,” he said, “has an amazing posthumous fate. The curve of the reader's love for him after many years of oblivion - not through the fault of the readership, let's face it - is a crescendo. The first volume of the six-volume edition is sold out. The question of re-circulation is raised. Here the secretary of the Kirovsky regional executive committee expressed his love for Green. This love raises a certain doubt among us, writers: the city, it would seem, in fact, should be proud of the fact that Alexander Stepanovich Grin once settled in it, and is buried in the Old Crimean land. But where is Green Street? Why is his House not supported by the state? And here it would be appropriate to say about the unparalleled courage of the widow of the writer Nina Nikolaevna Green (the audience bursts into applause, gets up, and my throat suddenly stuck in my throat ...) For the courage she showed in seeking to restore the House from the ruins, for your courage, for your work for In memory of Alexander Stepanovich, thank you, dear Nina Nikolaevna! All of us who love Green will never forget what you did for him. " Smirnov kisses Nina Nikolaevna's hand, the audience applauds again. "

If Smirnov had said anything like that, the audience would have really exploded - but not with applause. Stored rotten eggs or just fists would be useful. But, fortunately for everyone, no frank praise for Green's widow was heard, and the artistic evening was bright, exciting and intelligent.

Fourth myth: funeral and reburial of Nina Nikolaevna

Nina Nikolaevna Mironova-Grinevskaya (Green) died in Kiev on September 27, 1970. No one had any doubts that she should rest in the Old Crimea, but the funeral turned into a scandal. In her "Memories of Nina Nikolaevna Green" Yulia Pervova did not skimp on the details: "The grave in the cemetery was dug about fifty meters from the grave of Green. They lowered the coffin on ropes. Everything happened in complete silence. We stood aside. Tourists are next to us. The workers poured the hill. A brick-red pyramid was poked from above. Spit upon, dishonored, we looked at this blasphemy. They all had one thought: “Rebury! When?"

In the year of Green's centenary, in 1980, a new tombstone was placed on his grave, crowned with a figure of "Running on the Waves" by the sculptor Tatyana Gagarina, and a few years later the tombstone united three names - Alexander Stepanovich, Olga Alekseevna Mironova and Nina Nikolaevna ... And it became known that the ashes of the writer's wife were allegedly transferred to his grave.

As Yulia Pervova writes, the reburial took place on the night of October 22-23, 1971. Nina Nikolaevna's admirers acted in secret, but the very next day they tried to make the incident widespread. Yulia Alexandrovna confessed everything to her old Crimean acquaintance, Raisa Fedorovna Koloyanidi, a teacher (later to the director of a Greek school), she considered the incident blasphemy and obtained an investigation by the authorities. It was closed - not a single stranger was allowed into the cemetery surrounded by soldiers. Those who were waiting outside were actually told only one thing: "It's okay." Green's grave was allegedly opened, but Nina Nikolaevna's coffin was not in it.

May 31, 2013 in social network On VKontakte, Viktor Pavlenko, a volunteer assistant to Yu. Pervova and A. Verkhman, posted his recollections of N. N. Green's second funeral. Let's pay attention to the key fragment of his story. “Everyone quietly approached the dug grave of Nina Nikolaevna,” writes Victor. - One went down, the ropes were passed to him. Having tucked them under the coffin - which turned out to be an intricate task - they lifted it up easily and lowered it next to the ground. The outlines were guessed by the brilliance of the stars. They were distributed, and the zinc chamber of eternal rest was carefully taken on their shoulders. Undoubtedly, this was the culmination moment of everything that happened on a quiet night at the old Crimean cemetery. "

Hardly anyone could take on the shoulders of the zinc palace of eternal rest that night, if only because before the burial of Nina Nikolayevna the steel coffin was opened, and the body was buried in an ordinary "wooden suit" inside a zinc one. The exposed metal was taken away. This is evidenced by the caretakers of the Old Crimean cemetery, where no one was ever buried in zinc. Moreover, Yulia Pervova herself, who called herself the executor of Nina Nikolaevna, excludes a zinc coffin in her memoirs: according to her, on the day of the funeral there was a coffin in Green's house, covered with a dark red eyelet. Pavlenko and Pervova, describing the same event, contradict each other, although they seemed to act at the same time and at the same time.

This and many other details, natural at first glance, caused me a lot of doubts. Is it possible to uncover two graves and imitate their previous appearance in a few hours in pitch darkness, in the pouring rain? The cemetery where Green is buried is in the foothills, and the earth is hard as cement from small stones. The autopsy of both graves, according to the gravediggers, should have taken at least six hours. Then the well-wishers had to fill the hole formed at the burial place of Nina Nikolaevna with earth, fill in a fresh hill and deepen the grave of Green himself so that two coffins could fit in it, and erect a monument to the writer in place. Can this be done in a hurry? Unlikely.

Myth five: exposing the previous

Since not far from the grave into which Nina Nikolaevna was lowered on October 3, 1970, my relatives have been buried for many years, I have seen her monument more than once. Modest, with an oval photograph and a plate bearing a simple signature: N.N.Grin. The dates of life and death were stamped below - this is how I remember. I knew something else: since the memory of Nina Nikolaevna was immortalized where Alexander Stepanovich was buried, this monument seemed to have disappeared. He had not been seen for a long time. And every time, not seeing him on the day of memory of the dead, I involuntarily recalled IK Melnikov's version that the partisans had posthumously avenged Green's widow by destroying this grave. This was terrifying. The version about reburial is improbable, about posthumous vengeance - monstrous. And now, almost 45 years after those old events, on May 31, 2016, I tried to find the place of the first and, as it seems, the only possible burial of Nina Nikolaevna.

I was in for a shock. Once at the right site of the Old Crimean city cemetery, I noticed the grave of the Great Patriotic War - a monument typical of those years. But on a low concrete tombstone a cross is overgrown with moss, unusual for the burials of atheistic Soviet forties. I wanted to know who is resting in this place. I carefully cleaned the letters and dates from the moss, and could not believe my eyes: Olga Alekseevna Mironova, 1847-1944. Nina Nikolaevna's mother! How could her tombstone be here? After all, the fact that she was buried with her son-in-law has long been known from all sources. Is she here, in such an unexpected place? There could be only one reason for this - involvement ... Taking a breath, I looked at the grave to the left of my "found". Here it is, a trace of an oval photograph that no longer exists. And a blank rectangle in the place of the signature plaque. And the half-erased dates: 23.X.1894-27.IX.1970. N. N. Green ...

Who needed to knock down the portrait and the name from the monument to Green's widow? Will the obelisk itself disappear over time? To protect the memory of Nina Nikolaevna, I went straight from the cemetery to the city executive committee of the Old Crimea. The mayor of the city, Lyudmila Ivanovna Gulyashikh, understood me and promised help: "Whatever Nina Green did during the war, she is a person and deserves a human attitude to her memory." On the same day, I learned that there is another witness at the funeral and reburial - Pyotr Afanasyevich Popchenko, an old-timer of the city, the son of the former director of the cemetery and the husband of the current director. Our dialogue became a new revelation: my interlocutor confirmed the fact of N. N. Green's reburial. But it was completely different.

“Nina Nikolaevna was reburied in the evening, in the afternoon,” says Pyotr Afanasyevich. - Before that, they dug a grave in which she rests now. Earlier, there was a metal fence on Green's grave, where all three of them were buried - the wife of Green and Olga Alekseevna Mironova. Nina Nikolaevna's mother was not reburied, she is now next to her son-in-law. The tombstone, after the Wave Runner stele was installed, was simply transferred to the daughter's grave so that it was preserved. My father, Afanasy Alekseevich, and his friend were preparing an eternal refuge for Nina Green. Comrades came from Simferopol in civilian clothes, representatives of the KGB, with a full set of documents for exhumation - a court decision, paper from the sanitary and epidemiological station, etc. They ordered no one to enter the cemetery, and everything went from three to five hours. I saw what it was like because my father explained to the KGB people that I was his son and I was allowed to stay. "

Pyotr Afanasyevich denies the fact of a mysterious night reburial - everything was done with the knowledge of the authorities in the daylight. But Nina Nikolaevna's coffin was moved not from a distant sector to the cemetery - to Green, but vice versa!

“In the beginning, she was buried humanly, as expected, with her husband,” asserts P. A. Popchenko, “and only then did someone decide that it was impossible: she was considered an enemy of the people. I don’t think she was like that in fact, because I remember Nina Nikolaevna well. Small in stature, a charming gray-haired old woman, God's dandelion. In addition, it is unlikely that she was guilty of some kind, all this is nonsense: after all, during the war she saved thirteen people from execution, this is said in the Book of Memory. If Nina Nikolaevna had not gone to Simferopol then, they would have been lying in the damp earth together with Jews and Karaites ... ”.

All these years, the Popchenko family guarded the grave of N.N. Grin, where they transferred her at the behest of visitors in civilian clothes: having lived a difficult life, she gained the right to peace beyond the line of being. In order not to tempt the enemies of their ward, as well as overly zealous "friends", the cemetery keepers did everything to ensure that the place of Nina Nikolaevna's second burial was inconspicuous. Only those who want to know who will come to bow to her memory with a pure heart - without resentment or ambition know about him. Hearing this, I involuntarily recalled the words of M. Bulgakov about what can be offered and what is granted ...

Today, many of Green's admirers are ready to see the traits of his beloved in the writer's good heroines. So, probably, he himself would like, despite the fact that now all the covers have been thrown off his Galatea-Nina. And, probably, where their souls soar now, words are heard addressed to us, living and mortals, with a request to forget, reconcile and forgive. We forgive.

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“One morning a scarlet sail will sparkle under the sun in the sea distance. The shining bulk of the crimson sails of the white ship will move, cutting the waves, straight towards you, ”Assol heard from the shabby radio set.

We read "Scarlet Sails" on the radio. At this time, she was bandaging the old prisoner Polikarpich - and froze, froze. A mass of scarlet sails rushed straight into the cramped camp hospital. By this time, Assol had spent eight and a half years in the camps. She had a year and a half before freedom. She knew she could take it. Withstands for the sake of his genius romantic, his Captain Green.

Assol's smile

... They met in the winter of 1918. Nina, leaving her medicine for a while, worked in the editorial office of "Petrograd Echo". There she first saw Green: very thin, very tall, very gloomy and so detached that it was scary to approach him. But she smiled at him - she smiled at everyone, and he felt warm from her smile.

In the summer of forty, Green was mobilized into the ranks of the Red Army. Long, a little ridiculous, looking like a Catholic pastor, he carried in a soldier's bag a change of linen and a manuscript " Scarlet sails". He already knew that he would devote her to this strange girl who gives away smiles, not thinking that she will receive in return. A year later, having fallen off in a hospital with typhus, emaciated half to death, homeless, he wandered through the Petrograd streets. Gorky helped to get a job in the House of Arts - a hostel for poor writers of the Civil War era. Green now has his own tiny room with a narrow bed and a meager but daily ration. The writer was sitting in this icy room, drinking carrot tea, warming up frozen hands and composing his blue Zurbagan. He rarely went outside, but one day he went out and ran into Nina. Then the writer confessed to her:

“After parting with you, I moved on with a feeling of warmth and light in my soul. This is finally she, ”I thought.

Green is not indifferent to you

Every day, Nina ran to Green, and then ran to the hospital - she again worked as a nurse. If the writer was not at home, he would leave a touching bouquet and a note in a small glass asking to wait. The entire House of Arts discussed the love of a dark, unsociable recluse. One day Nina received a warning letter:

“Green is not indifferent to you. Beware of him, he is a dangerous man: he was in hard labor for the murder of his wife. In general, his past is very dark: they say that, being a sailor, he killed an English captain somewhere in Africa and stole a suitcase with manuscripts from him. Knows english language, but carefully hides it, and gradually prints the manuscripts as his own. "

Green's ex-wife, of course, was, of course, alive, healthy and even happy with her new husband.

Poor happiness

For the lonely Green, Nina became a real gift of fate. And she herself did not notice how she also fell in love with him. We moved to Feodosia, bought an apartment with the money from the novel and stories sold. At 44, Green first got his own home. We lived closed, we did not communicate with almost anyone. All the time we bought books and read aloud to each other. But it was a very fragile happiness - Green's romantic works were not in demand by the Soviet government, and he could not write about collective farms and heroic construction projects of the five-year plan.

It got to the point that they exchanged their things for food, Nina knitted and sold scarves. But - Green wrote "Running on the Waves" and, like "Scarlet Sails", dedicated them to his wife.

“My dear, beloved, strong friend, it is very good for me to live with you. If it weren't for the rubbish from the outside, how light it would be for us! ”, - Nina wrote to her husband.

Green's health was rapidly deteriorating, people looked at them in surprise on the street - a young, beautiful woman arm in arm with an old man. Poverty clutched its hands at his throat. He gave up, she didn't.

"I'm lonely. Everyone is alone. I will die. Everyone will die.<…> Three things are confused in my head: life, death and love - what to drink for? " "I drink to the expectation of death, called life."

The man was dying

They asked friends for help, but someone simply could not help them, like Voloshin, and someone did not want to ... In 1930, there was still another joy in Green's life: he and Nina moved to Old Crimea, to a wooden house with an apple orchard. Green loved this house very much, but did not live in it for long.

... In the 60s, the Leningrad schoolgirl Tanya Rozhdestvenskaya will see the photograph of the dying Green, and will write a piercing poem in which

A man was dying, not knowing, That they went to all the shores of the earth, like a scarlet flock of birds, They invented ships.

11 years of life with Green were for Nina the happiest in her life. When he died, she temporarily lost her memory, recovered for a long time. She had a sick mother in her arms. And most importantly, she could not leave this house, in which everything reminded of Green. And when the war began, Nina did not evacuate, and in order to somehow live during the years of occupation, she went to work as a proofreader in a newspaper that was open under the Nazis. At the same time, it is known for sure that she helped the partisans, and once saved the lives of 13 people whom the Nazis took hostage after the murder of their officer - Nina managed to persuade the mayor to release innocent people ...

Assol in the camp

In 1944, Nina was among the local residents who were forcibly taken to Germany. In a victorious year, she was able to escape from Breslau, reached the Crimea and again ended up in a camp, but now in Stalin's. And even there she remained Assolya - ardent, romantic, open to people and infinitely decent. And everyone loved her.

Tatyana Tyurina, who worked with Nina in the camp hospital, recalled:

"Nina Nikolaevna had authority among the staff and the most inveterate prisoners."

Doctor Vsevolod Korol wrote:

“… At the university we had the subject“ medical ethics ”, but you were the first person I met who applied this ethics in life… because, having forgotten how you looked after this sick thief, I would have forgotten one of the most beautiful pictures of philanthropy ... ".

A pile of torn rags

All ten years in the camp, Nina kept a photograph of her husband. Love and memory helped her to hold out, but the elderly Assol was released in a state that she called:

"Everything in the soul is like a heap of torn bloody rags."

Through strength, but she lived, because there was one more important thing to do - to create a small house-museum in her and Girn. But the chairman of the local executive committee took the house under his shed - it took years of exhausting and disgusting struggle to return it. And Nina went through this and created this museum. She did everything to preserve the memory of the man who once told her:

“You gave me so much joy, laughter, tenderness and even reasons to relate to life differently than I had before, that I am standing as in flowers and waves, and a flock of birds overhead. My heart is cheerful and light. "

Alexander Green with his wife Nina. Old Crimea, 1926

The fate of the widow of the famous writer, author of "Scarlet Sails" and "Running on the Waves" by Alexander Grin, was dramatic. During the fascist occupation of Crimea, Nina Green worked in a local newspaper, where articles of an anti-Soviet nature were published, and in 1944 she left for forced labor in Germany. Upon her return, she ended up in a Stalinist camp on charges of aiding the Nazis and spent 10 years in prison. Historians are still debating how fair this accusation was.

Nina Green

The lack of reliable information hinders the understanding of this story: information about the life of Nina Nikolaevna Green cannot be called complete, there are still many blank spots. It is known that after the death of her husband in 1932, Nina stayed with her sick mother to live in the village of Stary Krym. Here they were found by the occupation. At first, the women sold things, and then Nina was forced to get a job to save herself from hunger.

Left - A. Green. Petersburg, 1910. On the right - Nina Green with the hawk Guly. Feodosia, 1929

She managed to get a job first as a proofreader in a printing house, and then as an editor of the "Official Bulletin of the Staro-Krymsky District", where anti-Soviet articles were published. Later, during interrogations, Nina Green pleaded guilty and explained her actions as follows: “The position of head of the printing house was offered to me in the city government, and I agreed to this, since at that time I had a difficult financial situation. I could not leave the Crimea, that is, evacuate, since I had an old sick mother and had attacks of angina pectoris. I left for Germany in January 1944, fearing responsibility for the fact that I worked as an editor. In Germany, I worked first as a worker and then as a camp nurse. I admit my guilt in everything. "

A. Green in his study. Feodosia, 1926

In January 1944, the writer's widow voluntarily left Crimea for Odessa, as she was frightened by rumors that the Bolsheviks had shot everyone who worked in the occupied territories. And already from Odessa she was taken to forced labor in Germany, where she performed the duties of a nurse in a camp near Breslau. In 1945, she managed to escape from there, but at home this aroused suspicion, and she was accused of aiding the Nazis and editing a German district newspaper.

Left - A. Grinevsky (Green), 1906. Police card. Right - Nina Green, 1920s

The worst thing was that Nina Green had to leave her mother in Crimea, according to the testimony of the attending physician V. Fanderflyas: “As for the mother of Nina Nikolaevna - Olga Alekseevna Mironova, before the occupation and during the occupation she suffered from mental disorders that manifested themselves in some strange in behavior ... When her daughter, Grin Nina Nikolaevna, at the beginning of 1944 left her, and she went to Germany, her mother went crazy. " On April 1, 1944, Olga Mironova died. But according to other sources, Nina Green left the Old Crimea after the death of her mother.

The last lifetime photograph of A. Green. June 1932

The fact is that Nina Green did not exaggerate the hopelessness of her situation - she found herself in the same difficult situation as thousands of other people who found themselves in the occupied territories, in captivity or in forced labor in Germany. However, it is impossible to call her a traitor to her homeland, if only because back in 1943 she saved the lives of 13 prisoners who were doomed to be shot. The woman turned to the mayor with a request to vouch for them. He agreed to vouch for ten, and noted three of the list as suspects in links with the partisans. The writer's widow changed the list, including all 13 surnames, and took it to the head of the prison in Sevastopol. Instead of being shot, those arrested were sent to labor camps. For some reason, this fact was not taken into account in the Nina Green case.

Left - the writer's widow at Green's grave, 1960s. Right - A. Green

The widow of the writer Nina Green. Old Crimea, 1965

The woman spent 10 years in the Pechora and Astrakhan camps. After Stalin's death, many were amnestied, including her. When she returned to Staryi Crimea, it turned out that their house had passed to the chairman of the local executive committee. It took her great efforts to return the house in order to open the Alexander Green Museum there. There she completed a book of memoirs about her husband, which she began to write back in exile.

Widow of the writer Alexander Green, 1960s

Nina Green with tourists at the house-museum in the Old Crimea, 1961

Nina Green passed away in 1970 without waiting for her rehabilitation. The authorities of the Old Crimea did not allow the burial of the "Nazi henchman" next to Alexander Green and allocated a place at the edge of the cemetery. According to legend, after a year and a half, the writer's fans made an unauthorized reburial and transferred her coffin to her husband's grave. It was only in 1997 that Nina Green was rehabilitated posthumously and it was proved that she never aided the Nazis.

House-Museum of A. Grin