1. Mind and feeling

2. Mind and feeling

Everyone in their life is faced with the choice of how to act: in accordance with the mind or succumb to the influence of feelings. And the mind and feelings are an integral part of a person. If you completely surrender to feelings, you can spend a lot of time and effort on unreasonable experiences and make many mistakes, which in turn cannot always be corrected. Following only reason, people can lose their humanity, become callous and indifferent to others. Such people cannot rejoice in simple things, enjoy their good deeds. Therefore, in my opinion, the goal of every person is to find harmony between the dictates of the senses and the promptings of the mind.

In support of my position, I want to give an example of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace". One of the main characters is Prince Bolkonsky. For a long time, he tries to be like Napoleon. This character, surrendered without a trace to the mind, because of which he did not allow feelings to break into his life, so he no longer paid attention to his family, but only thought about how to commit a heroic deed, but when he gets injured during the war, he becomes disillusioned with Napoleon, who defeated the Allied army. The prince realizes that all his dreams of glory are useless. At that moment, he allows feelings to penetrate his life, thanks to which he realizes how dear his family is to him, how he loves her and cannot live without her. Returning from the battle of Austerlitz, he finds his wife already dead, who died during childbirth. At this moment, he realizes that the time he spent on his career is irretrievably gone, regrets that he did not show his feelings earlier and completely abandons his desires.

As another argument, I want to cite as an example the work of I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The main character, Evgeny Bazarov, devoted his life to science. He devoted himself without a trace to the mind, believing that love and feelings are a waste of time. Because of his life position, he feels like a stranger and older to Kirsanov and his parents. Although deep down he loves them, his presence only brings them grief. Yevgeny Bazarov was dismissive of others, does not allow feelings to break through, dies from a trifling scratch. Being near death, the hero allows feelings to open up, after that he approaches his parents and, albeit not for long, finds peace of mind.

Thus, the main task of a person is to find harmony between reason and feeling. Everyone who listens to the promptings of the mind and at the same time does not deny feelings gets the opportunity to live a full life, full of bright colors and emotions.

3. Mind and feeling

Probably everyone in their life faced with a difficult choice of how to act: in accordance with the mind or succumb to the influence of feelings. And the mind and feelings are an integral part of a person. I believe that in the life of every person there should be harmony. Surrendering to feelings without a trace, we can make many mistakes, which in turn cannot always be corrected. Following only reason, people can gradually lose their humanity. That is, to enjoy simple things, to enjoy your good deeds. Therefore, in my opinion, the goal of every person is to find harmony between the dictates of the senses and the promptings of the mind.

In support of my position, I want to give an example of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace". One of the main characters is Prince Balkonsky. For a long time, he tried to be like Napoleon. This character surrendered without a trace to the mind, which is why he did not allow feelings to break into his life. Because of this, he no longer paid attention to his family, but only thought about how to accomplish a heroic deed, but when he gets injured during the fighting, he is disappointed in Napoleon, who defeated the Allied army. He realizes that all his dreams of glory were insignificant and useless in his life. And at that moment, he allows feelings to penetrate his life, thanks to which he realizes how dear his family is to him, how he loves them and cannot live without them. Returning home from the battle of Austerlitz, he finds his wife already dead, who died during childbirth. At this moment, he realizes that the time he spent on his career is irretrievably gone, regrets that he did not show his feelings earlier and completely abandons his desires.

As another argument, I want to cite as an example the work of I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The main character, Evgeny Bazarov, devoted his life to science. He devoted himself without a trace to the mind, believing that love and feelings are a waste of time. Because of his position in life, he feels like a stranger and older to Kirsanov and to his parents, in the depths of his soul he loves them, but with his presence brings them only grief. Yevgeny Bazarov was dismissive of others, did not let his feelings break through, and dies from a trifling scratch. But being near death, he allows his feelings to open up, after that he approaches his parents and finds peace of mind.

The main task of a person is to find harmony between reason and feeling. Everyone who listens to the promptings of the mind and at the same time does not deny feelings, gets the opportunity to live a full life.

4. Mind and feeling

Probably, every person at least once in his life faced a choice: to act based on rational judgments and logic, or to succumb to the influence of feelings and act as the heart tells. I think that in this situation, you need to make a decision based on both reason and feeling. That is, it is important to find a balance. Because if a person will rely only on reason, he will lose his humanity, and the whole meaning of life will be reduced to achieving goals. And if he is guided only by feelings, he can make not only stupid and thoughtless decisions, but also become a kind of animal, and it is precisely the presence of intelligence that distinguishes us from him.

The literature convinces me of the correctness of this point of view. For example, in the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" Natasha Rostova, guided by feelings, almost made a big mistake in her life. A young girl who met Mr. Kuragin in the theater was so struck by his courtesy and manners that she forgot about her mind, completely surrendering herself to impressions. And Anatole, taking advantage of this situation, pursuing his selfish motives, wanted to steal the girl from the house, thereby ruining her reputation. But due to a combination of circumstances, his evil intent was not put into practice. This episode works is a prime example of what rash decisions can lead to.

In the work of I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons", the main character, on the contrary, rejects any manifestations of feelings and is a nihilist. According to Bazarov, the only thing a person should be guided by when making a decision is reason. Therefore, even when at one of the receptions he met the charming, moreover, intellectually developed Anna Odintsova, Bazarov refused to admit that she interested him and even liked him. But still, Eugene continued to communicate with her after, because he liked her company. After some time, he even confessed his feelings to her. But remembering his life views, he decides to stop communicating with her. That is, in order to remain true to his convictions, Bazarov loses true happiness. This work makes the reader realize how important the balance between feelings and reason is.

Thus, the conclusion suggests itself: every time a person makes a decision, he is guided by reason and feeling. But, unfortunately, he cannot always find a balance between them, in which case his life becomes inferior.

5. Mind and feeling

Each person throughout his life makes decisions, guided by the mind or feelings. I believe that if you rely only on feelings, then you can make stupid and rash decisions that will lead to negative consequences. And if you are guided only by reason, then the whole meaning of life will be reduced only to achieving your goals. This will lead to the fact that a person can become callous. Therefore, it is very important to try to find harmony between these two manifestations of the human personality.

The literature convinces me of the correctness of this point of view. So in the work of N. M. Karamzin “Poor Lisa”, the main character faces a choice: mind or feelings. A young peasant woman, Liza, fell in love with the nobleman Erast. This feeling was new to her. At first, she sincerely did not understand how such an intelligent person could turn his attention to her, so she tried to keep her distance. As a result, she could not resist the surging feelings and gave herself entirely to them, without thinking about the consequences. At first, their hearts were full of love, but after a while there comes a moment of oversaturation, and their feelings fade. Erast becomes cold towards her and leaves her. And Lisa, unable to cope with the pain and resentment from the betrayal of her beloved, decides to commit suicide. This work is a prime example of what rash decisions can lead to.

In the work of I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons", the main character, on the contrary, rejects any manifestations of feelings and is a nihilist. Evgeny Bazarov makes decisions, relying only on reason. This is his position throughout his life. Bazarov does not believe in love, so he was extremely surprised that Odintsova could attract his attention. They began to spend a lot of time together. He was pleased with her company, because she is charming and educated, they have many common interests. Over time, Bazarov began to surrender more and more to feelings, but he realized that he could not afford to contradict his life convictions. Because of this, Eugene stopped communicating with her, thus he could not know the true happiness of life - love.

Thus, the conclusion suggests itself: if a person does not know how to make decisions, guided by both reason and feeling, then his life is inferior. After all, these are two components of our inner world that complement each other. Therefore, they are incredibly powerful together and insignificant without each other.

6. Mind and feeling

Reason and feelings are two forces that equally need each other, they are dead and insignificant without each other. I fully agree with this statement. Indeed, both reason and feelings are two components that are an integral part of every person. Although they perform different functions, the connection between them is very strong.

In my opinion, both reason and feelings are part of the personality of every person. They must be in balance. Only in this case, people will be able not only to objectively look at the world, to protect themselves from stupid mistakes, but also to know such feelings as love, friendship and sincere kindness. If people trust only their mind, then they lose their humanity, without which their life will not be full and will turn into a banal achievement of goals. If you follow only sensual impulses and do not control emotions, then the life of such a person will be filled with ridiculous experiences and reckless actions.

In support of my words, I will cite as an example the work of I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”. The main character, Evgeny Bazarov, relied only on reason all his life. He considered him the main adviser in the choice of solutions to certain problems. In his life, Eugene never succumbed to feelings. Bazarov sincerely believed that it was possible to live a happy and meaningful life, relying only on the laws of logic. However, at the end of his life, he realized the importance of feelings. Thus, Bazarov, due to his wrong approach, lived an inferior life: he did not have true friendship, did not let his soul in the only love, could not experience peace of mind or spiritual solitude with anyone.

In addition, I will cite as an example the work of I.A. Kuprin "Garnet bracelet". The main character, Zheltkov, is so blinded by his feelings. His mind is clouded, he completely succumbed to feelings, and as a result, love leads Zheltkov to death. He believes that this is his destiny - to love madly, but unrequitedly, that it is impossible to escape from fate. Since the meaning of Zheltkov's life was in Vera, after she rejected the attention of the protagonist, he lost his desire to live. Being under the influence of feelings, he could not use his mind and see a different way out of this situation.

Thus, the importance of reason and feelings cannot be overestimated. They are an inseparable part of each and the predominance of one of them can lead a person down the wrong path. People who rely on one of these forces, as a result, must reconsider their life guidelines, since the longer they go to extremes, the more negative consequences their actions can lead to.

7. Mind and feeling

Feelings play a big role in the life of every person. They help us feel all the beauty and charm of our world. But is it always possible to completely surrender to feelings?

In my opinion, surrendering without a trace to sensual impulses, we can spend a huge amount of time and energy on unreasonable experiences, make many mistakes, not each of which can be corrected later. Reason also allows you to choose the most successful path to achieve your goals, to make fewer mistakes on the path of life. But doing things, guided solely by logic and rational judgments, we risk losing our humanity, therefore it is very important that both components are always in harmony, because if one of them begins to prevail, a person’s life becomes inferior.

In support of my position, I want to cite as an example the work of I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”. One of the main characters is Yevgeny Bazarov, a man who has been guided by reason all his life, trying to completely ignore his feelings. Due to his life approach and overly rational point of view, he cannot get close to anyone, as he is looking for a logical explanation in everything. Bazarov is convinced that a person should bring specific benefits, like chemistry or mathematics. The hero sincerely believes: "A decent chemist is 20 times more useful than any poet." The area of ​​feelings, art, religion do not exist for Bazaars. In his opinion, these are inventions of aristocrats. But over time, Eugene is disillusioned with his life principles when he meets Anna Odintsova - his true love. Realizing that not all of his feelings are controllable and that the ideology of his whole life may be about to crumble to dust, the protagonist leaves for his parents to plunge into work and recover from the unfamiliar emotions experienced by him. Further, Eugene, having made an unsuccessful experiment, becomes infected with a deadly disease and soon dies. Thus, the main character lived an empty life. He rejected the only love, did not know true friendship.

An important figure this work Arkady Kirsanov is a friend of Evgeny Bazarov. Despite the strong pressure from his friend, Arkady's desire for logical explanations of his actions, the desire for a rational understanding of everything that surrounds him, the hero did not exclude feelings from his life. Arkady always treated his father with love and tenderness, defended his uncle from the attacks of his comrade, the nihilist. Kirsanov Jr. tried to see the good in everyone. Having met Ekaterina Odintsova on his life path and realizing that he fell in love with her, Arkady immediately reconciled with the hopelessness of his feelings. It is thanks to the harmony between reason and feeling that he gets along with the surrounding life, finds his family happiness and prospers in his estate.

Thus, if a person is guided solely by reason or feelings, his life becomes inferior and meaningless. After all, mind and feelings are two integral components of human consciousness that complement each other and help us achieve our goals without losing humanity and without depriving ourselves of important life values ​​and emotions.

8. Mind and feeling

Each person throughout his life faces a choice of what to do: trust his own mind or surrender to feelings and emotions.

Relying on our own mind, we reach our goal much faster, but suppressing feelings, we lose humanity, change our attitude towards others. But surrendering without a trace to feelings, we run the risk of making many mistakes, not each of which can later be corrected.

There are many examples in world literature that confirm my opinion. I.S. Turgenev in the novel "Fathers and Sons" shows us the main character - Evgeny Bazarov, a man whose life is built on the denial of all possible principles. Bazarov is trying to find a logical explanation for everything, while considering any manifestations of feelings as nonsense. When Anna Sergeevna appears in his life - the only woman who could make a big impression on him, and with whom he fell in love, Bazarov realizes that not all feelings are subject to him and that his theory is about to crumble. He cannot stand all this, cannot come to terms with the fact that he is an ordinary person with his weaknesses, which is why he leaves for his parents, closes in himself and completely devotes himself to work. Because of his wrong priorities, Bazarov lived an empty and meaningless life. He did not know true friendship, true love, and even facing his death, there was too little time left to make up for what he had lost.

As a second argument, I want to cite as an example Arkady, a friend of Yevgeny Bazarov, who is his complete opposite. Arkady lives in complete harmony between reason and feelings, which does not allow him to commit rash acts, but at the same time he respects old traditions, allows feelings to be present in his life. Humanity is not alien to him, because he is open, kind to others. He imitates Bazarov in many ways, this will cause a conflict with his father. But having rethought a lot, Arkady begins to look more and more like his father: he is ready to make compromises with life. The main thing for him is not the material basis in life, but spiritual values.

Each person throughout his life chooses what he will become, what is closer to him: mind or feelings. But I believe that a person will live in harmony with himself and with those around him only if he manages to balance the "element of feelings" and "cold mind" in himself.

9. Mind and feeling

Each person in his life faced a choice of what to do: submit to a cold mind or surrender to feelings and emotions. Guided by reason and forgetting about feelings, we quickly achieve our goal, but at the same time we lose humanity, change our attitude towards others. Surrendering to feelings, ignoring the mind, we can spend a lot of mental strength in vain. Also, if we do not analyze the results of our actions, we can do a lot of stupid things, not all of which will be possible to correct.

There are many examples in world fiction that confirm my opinion. I.S. Turgenev in the work "Fathers and Sons" shows us the main character, Evgeny Bazarov - a man whose whole life is built on the denial of all kinds of principles. He is always looking for a logical explanation in everything. But when a young beautiful woman appears in the life of the hero - Anna Andreeva, who made a strong impression on him, Bazarov realizes that he cannot control his feelings and that he, like ordinary people, has weaknesses. The protagonist tries to suppress the feeling of love in himself and leaves for his parents, completely devoting himself to work. During the autopsy of a typhoid patient, the hero becomes infected with a deadly disease. Only while on his deathbed, Bazarov realized all his mistakes and gained invaluable experience that helped him live the rest of his life in harmony between mind and feelings.

The bright opposite of Evgeny Bazarov is Arkady Kirsanov. He lives in complete harmony between reason and feelings, which prevents him from committing rash acts. But at the same time, Arkady respects ancient traditions, allows feelings to be present in his life. Humanity is not alien to him, because he is open, kind to others. Arkady imitates Bazarov in many ways, and this is the main reason for the conflict with his father. Over time, rethinking everything, Arkady begins to look more and more like his father: he is ready to make compromises with life. The main thing for him are spiritual values.

Thus, every person throughout his life should try to find harmony between the “element of feelings” and the “cold mind”. The longer we suppress one of these components of the human personality, the more internal contradictions we will eventually come to.

1. Experience and mistakes

Probably, the main wealth of each person is experience. It consists of knowledge, skills and abilities that a person acquires over the years. The experiences we receive throughout life can influence the formation of our views and worldview.
In my opinion, it is impossible to gain experience if you do not make mistakes. After all, it is they who give us knowledge that allows us not to commit such wrong actions in the future. A person commits wrong deeds throughout his life, regardless of age. The only difference is that at the beginning of life they are more harmless, but they are committed much more often. A person who has lived for a long time makes fewer and fewer mistakes, as he draws certain conclusions and does not allow the same actions in the future.

In support of my position, I want to cite as an example the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The protagonist, Pierre Bezukhov, is very different from people who belonged to high society with an unattractive appearance, fullness, and excessive softness. No one took him seriously, and some treated him with disdain. But as soon as Pierre receives an inheritance, he is immediately accepted into high society, he becomes an enviable groom. Having tried the life of a rich person, he realizes that this is not his, that in high society there are no people similar to him, close to him in spirit. Having married Helen, under the influence of Kuragin, and having lived with her for a certain time, the main character understands that Helen is just beautiful girl, with an icy heart and a cruel disposition, with which he cannot find his happiness. After that, he begins to be attracted by the ideology of the Masonic Order, in which equality, brotherhood, and love are preached. The hero develops a belief that there should be a kingdom of goodness and truth in the world, and the happiness of a person lies in striving to achieve them. After living for some time under the laws of brotherhood, the hero realizes that Freemasonry is useless in his life, since Pierre's ideas are not shared by the brothers: following his ideals, Pierre wanted to alleviate the fate of the serfs, build hospitals, shelters and schools for them, but finds no support among other Masons. Pierre also notices hypocrisy, hypocrisy, careerism among the brothers and, in the end, is disappointed in Freemasonry. Time passes, the war begins, and Pierre Bezukhov rushes to the front, although he does not understand military affairs. In the war, he sees how many people suffer at the hands of Napoleon. And he gains a desire to kill Napoleon with his own hands, but he fails, and he is captured. In captivity, Pierre meets Platon Karataev, and this acquaintance plays an important role in his life. He realizes the truth he was looking for: that a person has a right to happiness and should be happy. Pierre Bezukhov sees the true value of life. Soon, Pierre finds long-awaited happiness with Natasha Rostova, who was not only his wife and mother of his children, but also a friend who supported him in everything. Pierre Bezukhov went a long way, made many mistakes, but each of them was not in vain, he learned a lesson from each mistake, thanks to which he found the truth that he had been looking for for so long.

As another argument, I want to cite the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The main character, Rodion Raskolnikov, is a romantic, proud and strong personality. A former law student who he left due to poverty. Soon Raskolnikov kills the old pawnbroker and her sister Lizaveta. Because of his act, the hero is experiencing a spiritual upheaval. He feels like a stranger to those around him. The hero has a fever, he is close to suicide. Nevertheless, Raskolnikov helps the Marmeladov family, giving her the last money. The hero seems to be able to live with it. It awakens pride. With the last of his strength, he confronts investigator Porfiry Petrovich. Gradually, the hero begins to realize the value of ordinary life, his pride is crushed, he is ready to come to terms with the fact that he is an ordinary person, with all the weaknesses and shortcomings. Raskolnikov can no longer be silent: he tells Sonya about his crime. He then confesses to everything at the police station. The hero is sentenced to seven years hard labor. Throughout the course of his life, the main character made many mistakes, many of which were terrible and irreversible. The main thing is that Raskolnikov was able to draw the right conclusion from his experience and change himself: he comes to rethink moral values: “Did I kill the old woman? I killed myself." The protagonist realized that pride is sinful, that the laws of life do not obey the laws of arithmetic, and that people should not be judged, but loved, accepting them as God created them.

Thus, mistakes play an important role in everyone's life, they teach us, help us gain experience. You need to learn to learn from your mistakes so as not to make them in the future.

2. Experience and mistakes

What is experience? How is it related to errors? Experience is precious knowledge that a person learns throughout his life. Errors are its main component. However, there are times when, while doing them, he does not always gain experience in the way that he does not analyze them and does not try to understand what he was wrong about.

In my opinion, experience cannot be gained without making mistakes and without analyzing them. Correction of errors is also quite an important process by which a person is fully aware of the essence of the problem.

In support of my words, I will cite as an example the work of A.S. Pushkin “ Captain's daughter". The main character, Aleksey Ivanovich Shvabrin, is a dishonest nobleman who uses any means to achieve his goals. Throughout the work, he commits heinous, vile deeds. Once he was in love with Masha Mironova, but he was refused for his feelings. And, seeing the benevolence with which she meets attention from Grinev, Shvabrin tries in every possible way to denigrate the name of the girl and her family, as a result of which Peter challenges him to a duel. And here Alexei Ivanovich behaves unworthily: he wounds Grinev with a dishonorable blow, but this act did not bring him relief. More than anything, Shvabrin fears for own life, so when the rebellion begins, he immediately goes over to the side of Pugachev. Even after the suppression of the uprising, while in the courtroom, he commits his last mean act. Shvabrin tried to denigrate the name of Pyotr Grinev, but this attempt was also a failure. Throughout his life, Alexei Ivanovich committed many vile deeds, but he did not draw conclusions from one of them and did not change his worldview. As a result, his whole life was empty and full of malice.

In addition, I will cite as an example the work of L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The main character, Pierre Bezukhov, made many mistakes throughout his life, but they were not empty and each of them contained the knowledge that further helped him live. Bezukhov's main goal was to find his life path. Disappointed in Moscow society, Pierre joins the Masonic order, hoping to find answers to his questions there. To share the thoughts of the order, he tries to improve the situation of the serfs. In this, Pierre sees the meaning of his life. However, seeing careerism and hypocrisy in Freemasonry, he becomes disillusioned and cuts ties with it. Again, Pierre finds himself in a state of melancholy and sadness. The war of 1812 inspires him, he seeks to share with everyone hard fate country. And, having gone through the pain of the war, Pierre begins to understand the true logic of life and its laws: “What he had previously sought and not found in Freemasonry was re-opened to him here, in a close marriage.”

Thus, using the knowledge gained in the course of correcting mistakes, a person will eventually find his own way and live a happy and joyful life.

3. Experience and mistakes

Probably, the main wealth of every person can be considered experience. Experience is the unity of skills and knowledge acquired in the process of direct experiences, impressions, observations, practical actions. Experience affects the formation of our consciousness, worldview. Thanks to him, we become who we are. In my opinion, experience cannot be gained without making mistakes. A person commits wrong deeds and actions throughout his life, regardless of age. The only difference is that at the beginning of life, there are much more mistakes and they are more harmless. Often, young people, spurred on by curiosity and emotion, take action quickly without much thought, without realizing the further consequences. Of course, a person who has lived for more than a dozen years does much less wrong deeds, he is more inclined to constantly analyze the environment, his own actions and deeds, can predict possible consequences, so every step of adults is measured, thought out and unhurried. Based on his experience and wisdom, an adult can predict any action a few steps ahead, he sees a much more complete picture of the environment, various hidden dependencies and relationships, and that is why the advice and instructions of elders are so valuable. But no matter how wise and experienced a person is, it is impossible to avoid mistakes at all.

In support of my position, I want to cite as an example the work of I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The main character, Yevgeny Bazarov, did not listen to his elders all his life, he ignored the centuries-old traditions and experience of generations, he believed only what he could personally verify. Because of this, he was in conflict with his parents, and felt like a stranger to those close to him. The result of such a worldview was too late awareness of the true values ​​of human life.
As another argument, I want to cite the work of M.A. Bulgakov “Heart of a Dog” as an example. In this story, Professor Preobrazhensky turns a dog into a man, interferes with the natural course of nature with his act and creates Polygraph Polygraphovich Sharikov - a man without moral principles. Subsequently, realizing his responsibility, he realizes what a mistake he made. What became for him an invaluable experience.

Thus, we can conclude that mistakes happen in a person's life. Only by overcoming obstacles, we come to the goal. Mistakes teach, help gain experience. You need to learn to learn from your mistakes and avoid them in the future.

4. Experience and mistakes




In support of my position, I want to cite as an example the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The protagonist, Pierre Bezukhov, is very different from people who belonged to high society with an unattractive appearance, fullness, and excessive softness. No one took him seriously, and some treated him with disdain. But as soon as Pierre receives an inheritance, he is immediately accepted into high society, he becomes an enviable groom. Having tried the life of a rich person, he realizes that this is not his, that in high society there are no people similar to him, close to him in spirit. Having married Helen, under the influence of Kuragin, and having spent time with her, he realizes that Helen is just a beautiful girl, with an icy heart and a cruel disposition, with whom he cannot find his happiness. After that, he begins to listen to the ideas of Freemasonry, believing that this is what he was looking for. In Freemasonry, he is attracted by the ideas of equality, brotherhood, love, the hero develops a belief that there should be a kingdom of goodness and truth in the world, and a person’s happiness lies in striving to achieve them. After living for some time under the laws of brotherhood, the hero realizes that Freemasonry is useless in his life, since his ideas are not shared by the brothers: following his ideals, Pierre wanted to alleviate the fate of the serfs, build hospitals, shelters and schools for them, but does not find support among other Masons. Pierre also notices hypocrisy, hypocrisy, careerism among the brothers and, in the end, is disappointed in Freemasonry. Time passes, the war begins, and Pierre Bezukhov rushes to the front, although he is not a military man and does not understand this. In the war, he sees how many people suffer at the hands of Napoleon. And he gains a desire to kill Napoleon with his own hands, but, unfortunately, he does not succeed and he is captured. In captivity, he meets Platon Karataev and this acquaintance plays an important role in his life path. He realizes the truth he was looking for: that a person has a right to happiness and should be happy. Pierre Bezukhov sees the true value of life. Soon, Pierre finds long-awaited happiness with Natasha Rostova, who was not only his wife and mother of his children, but also a friend who supported him in everything. Pierre Bezukhov went a long way, made many mistakes, but nevertheless came to the truth, which he had to understand, having passed the difficult trials of fate.

Another argument, I want to cite as an example the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The main character, Rodion Raskolnikov, is a romantic, proud and strong personality. A former law student who he left due to poverty. After that, Raskolnikov kills the old pawnbroker and her sister Lizaveta. After the murder, Raskolnikov is experiencing a spiritual upheaval. He feels like a stranger to all people. The hero has a fever, he is close to insanity and suicide. Nevertheless, he helps the Marmeladov family, giving her the last money. The hero seems to be able to live with it. It awakens pride and self-confidence. With the last of his strength, he confronts investigator Porfiry Petrovich. Gradually, the hero begins to realize the value of ordinary life, his pride is crushed, he is ready to come to terms with the fact that he is an ordinary person, with all the weaknesses and shortcomings. Raskolnikov can no longer be silent: he confesses his crime to Sonya. After that, he goes to the police station and confesses everything. The hero is sentenced to seven years hard labor. There he realizes the essence of mistakes and gains experience.

Thus, we can conclude that mistakes in human life happen, only overcoming obstacles, we come to the goal. Mistakes teach us, help us gain experience. You need to learn to learn from your mistakes and avoid them in the future.

5. Experience and mistakes

Throughout his life, a person not only develops as a person, but also accumulates experience. Experience is knowledge, skills and abilities that accumulate over time, they help people make the right decisions and find a way out of difficult situations. I think that, experienced people These are the people who, having made a mistake, do not repeat it twice. That is, a person becomes wiser and more experienced only when he is able to realize his mistake. Therefore, many mistakes committed by young people are the result of their impulsiveness and inexperience. And adults are much less likely to make mistakes, because they, first of all, analyze the situation and think about the consequences.

The literature convinces me of the correctness of this point of view. In the work of F. M. Dostoevsky, "Crime and Punishment", the main character commits a crime in order to test his theory in practice, while not thinking about the consequences. After killing the old woman, Rodion Raskolnikov realizes that his beliefs are wrong, realizes his mistake and feels guilty. In order to somehow get rid of the pangs of conscience, he begins to take care of others. So the main character, walking down the street and seeing a man who was crushed by a horse and who needs help, decides to do a good deed. Namely, he brought the dying Marmeladov home so that he could say goodbye to his relatives. Then Raskolnikov helps the family in organizing the funeral and even gives money to cover expenses. In providing these services, he asks for nothing in return. But, despite his efforts to atone for his guilt, his conscience continues to torment him. Therefore, in the end, he confesses that he killed the pawnbroker, for which he was sent into exile. Thus, this work convinces me that a person accumulates experience by making mistakes.

I also want to cite as an example the tale of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Wise Gudgeon”. Minnow from a young age wanted to succeed in life, but he was afraid of everything and hid in the bottom mud. As the years passed, the minnow continued to tremble with fear and hide from real and imagined danger. In his entire life he did not make friends, did not help anyone, never once stood up for the truth. Therefore, already in old age, the minnow began to be tormented by conscience for the fact that he had existed in vain. Yes, but I realized my mistake too late. Thus, we can conclude: the mistakes that are made by a person give him invaluable experience. Therefore, the older a person is, the more experienced and wiser he is.

6. Experience and mistakes

Throughout his life, a person develops as a person and accumulates experience. Mistakes play a big role in its accumulation. And subsequently acquired knowledge, skills and abilities help people avoid them in the future. Therefore adults are wiser than young people. After all, people who have lived for more than a dozen years are able to analyze the situation, think rationally and think about the consequences. And young people are too quick-tempered and ambitious, not always able to control their behavior and often make rash decisions.

The literature convinces me of the correctness of this point of view. So in Leo Tolstoy's epic novel War and Peace, Pierre Bezukhov had to make many mistakes and face the consequences of wrong decisions before finding true happiness and the meaning of life. In his youth, he wanted to become a member of Moscow society, and, having received such an opportunity, he took advantage of it. However, he felt uncomfortable in it, so he left it. After that, he married Helen, but could not get along with her, as she turned out to be a hypocrite, and divorced her. Later he became interested in the idea of ​​Freemasonry. Entering it, Pierre was glad that he had finally found his place in life. Unfortunately, he soon realized that this was not the case and left Freemasonry. After that, he went to war, where he met Platon Karataev. It was the new comrade who helped the main character understand what the meaning of life is. Thanks to this, Pierre married Natasha Rostova, became an exemplary family man and found true happiness. This work makes the reader convinced that by making mistakes, a person becomes wiser.

Another striking example is the work of F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" to the main character, who also had to go through a lot before gaining knowledge and skills. Rodion Raskolnikov, in order to test his theory in practice, kills an old percenter and her sister. Having committed this crime, he realizes the seriousness of the consequences and fears arrest. But, despite this, he is experiencing pangs of conscience. And in order to somehow mitigate his guilt, he begins to take care of others. So, walking in the park, Rodion saves a young girl whose honor they wanted to desecrate. And also helps a stranger who was run over by a horse to get home. But upon the arrival of the doctor, Marmeladov dies from blood loss. Raskolnikov organizes the funeral at his own expense and helps his children. But all this cannot alleviate his torment, and he decides to write a sincere confession. Only this helps him find peace.

Thus, a person throughout his life makes many mistakes, thanks to which he acquires new knowledge, skills and abilities. That is, over time, accumulates invaluable experience. Therefore, adults are wiser and smarter than youth.

7. Experience and mistakes

Probably, the main wealth of every person is experience. It consists of knowledge, skills and abilities that a person acquires over the years. The experiences we get during our lifetime can influence the formation of our views and worldview.

In my opinion, it is impossible to gain experience if you do not make mistakes. After all, it is mistakes that give us knowledge that allows us not to commit such wrong actions and deeds in the future.

In support of my position, I want to cite as an example the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The main character, Pierre Bezukhov, is very different from people who belonged to high society, unattractive appearance, fullness, excessive softness. No one took him seriously, and some treated him with disdain. But as soon as Pierre receives an inheritance, he is immediately accepted into high society, he becomes an enviable groom. Having tried the life of a rich person, he realizes that it does not suit him, that in high society there are no people like him, close to him in spirit. Having married a secular beauty, Helen, under the influence of Anatole Kuragin, and having lived with her for some time, Pierre realizes that Helen is just a beautiful girl, with an icy heart and a cruel disposition, with whom he cannot find his happiness. After that, the hero begins to listen to the ideas of Freemasonry, believing that this is what he was looking for. In Freemasonry, he is attracted by equality, brotherhood, love. The hero develops a belief that there should be a kingdom of goodness and truth in the world, and the happiness of a person lies in striving to achieve them. After living for some time under the laws of brotherhood, Pierre understands that Freemasonry is useless in his life, since the ideas of the hero are not shared by the brothers: following his ideals, Pierre wanted to alleviate the lot of the serfs, build hospitals, shelters and schools for them, but does not find support among other Masons. Pierre also notices hypocrisy, hypocrisy, careerism among the brothers and, in the end, is disappointed in Freemasonry. Time passes, the war begins, and Pierre Bezukhov rushes to the front, although he is not a military man and does not understand military affairs. In the war, he sees the suffering of a huge number of people, from the army of Napoleon. He has a desire to kill Napoleon with his own hands, but he fails, and he is captured. In captivity, he meets Platon Karataev and this acquaintance plays an important role in his life path. He realizes the truth he has been searching for so long. He understands that a person has the right to happiness and should be happy. Pierre Bezukhov sees the true value of life. Soon, the Hero finds long-awaited happiness with Natasha Rostova, who was not only his wife and mother of his children, but also a friend who supported him in everything. Pierre Bezukhov has come a long way, made many mistakes, but nevertheless came to the truth, which could be found only after passing through the difficult trials of fate.

As another argument, I want to cite the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The main character, Rodion Raskolnikov, is a romantic, proud and strong personality. A former law student who he left due to poverty. After completing his studies, Rodion Raskolnikov decides to test his theory and kills an old pawnbroker and her sister Lizaveta. But, after the murder, Raskolnikov is experiencing a spiritual upheaval. He feels like a stranger to those around him. The hero develops a fever, he is close to suicide. Nevertheless, Raskolnikov helps the Marmeladov family, giving her the last money. It seems to the hero that his good deeds will allow him to alleviate the pangs of conscience. It even awakens pride. But this is not enough. With the last of his strength, he confronts investigator Porfiry Petrovich. Gradually, the hero begins to realize the value of ordinary life, his pride is crushed, he is ready to come to terms with what is ordinary person, with its weaknesses and shortcomings. Raskolnikov can no longer be silent: he confesses his crime to his girlfriend, Sonya. It is she who puts him on the right path, and after that, the hero goes to the police station and confesses everything. The hero is sentenced to seven years hard labor. Following Rodion, Sonya, who fell in love with him, goes to hard labor. In hard labor, Raskolnikov is ill for a long time. He painfully experiences his crime, does not want to come to terms with it, does not communicate with anyone. It is Sonechka's love and Raskolnikov's own love for her that resurrects him to a new life. As a result of long wanderings, the hero still understands what mistakes he made and, thanks to the experience gained, realizes the truth and finds peace of mind.

Thus, we can conclude that mistakes happen in people's lives. But, only after passing difficult trials, a person comes to his goal. Mistakes teach us, help us gain experience. You need to learn to learn from your mistakes and avoid them in the future.

8. Experience and mistakes

The one who does nothing is never wrong.I fully agree with this statement. Indeed, making mistakes is inherent in all people and it is possible to avoid them only in case of inaction. A person who stays in one place and does not receive invaluable knowledge that comes with experience excludes the process of self-development.

In my opinion, making mistakes is a process that brings a useful result to a person, that is, provides the knowledge necessary for him to solve life's difficulties. Enriching their experience, people improve each time, thanks to which they do not do wrong things in similar situations. The life of a person who does nothing is dull and dull, because it is not motivated by the task of improving himself, to know the true meaning of his life. As a result, such people waste their precious time on inaction.
In support of my words, I will cite as an example the work of I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". The main character, Oblomov, leads a passive lifestyle. It is important to note that such inaction is a conscious choice of the hero. The ideal of his life is a calm and peaceful existence in Oblomovka. Inaction and a passive attitude to life devastated a person from the inside, and his life became pale and boring. In his heart, he has long been ready to solve all problems, but the matter does not move beyond desire. Oblomov is afraid to make mistakes, which is why he chooses inaction, which is not the solution to his problem.

In addition, I will cite as an example the work of L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The main character, Pierre Bezukhov, made many mistakes in his life and, in this regard, received invaluable knowledge, which he used in the future. All these oversights were committed for the sake of knowing your destiny in this world. At the beginning of the work, Pierre wanted to live a happy life with a beautiful young lady, however, having seen her true essence, he was disappointed in her and in the whole of Moscow society. In Freemasonry, he was attracted by the ideas of brotherhood and love. Inspired by the ideology of the order, he decides to improve the life of the peasants, but does not receive approval from his brothers and decides to leave Freemasonry. Only when he went to war, Pierre realized the true meaning of his life. All his mistakes were not made in vain, they showed the hero the right path.

Thus, a mistake is a stepping stone to knowledge and success. It is only necessary to overcome it and not stumble. Our life is a high ladder. And I want to wish that this staircase led only up.

9. Experience and mistakes

Is the saying "Experience is the best teacher" true? After thinking about this question, I came to the conclusion that this judgment is correct. Indeed, throughout his life, a person, making many mistakes and making wrong decisions, draws conclusions and gains new knowledge, skills and abilities. Thanks to this, a person develops as a person.

The literature convinces me of the correctness of this point of view. So the protagonist of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace", Pierre Bezukhov, made many mistakes before he found true happiness. In his youth, he dreamed of becoming a member of Moscow society, and soon got such an opportunity. However, he soon left it, because he felt like a stranger there. Later, Pierre met Helen Kuragina, who charmed with her beauty. Not having time to know her inner world, the hero married her. He soon realized that Helen was just a beautiful doll with a cruel hypocritical disposition, and filed for divorce. Despite all his disappointments in life, Pierre continued to believe in true happiness. So, having joined the Masonic society, the hero was glad that he had found the meaning of life. The ideas of brotherhood interested him. However, he quickly noticed the careerism and hypocrisy among the brothers. Among other things, he realized that it was impossible to achieve his goals, so he severed his connection with the order. After some time, the war began, and Bezukhov went to the front, where he met Platon Karataev. The new comrade helped the protagonist understand what true happiness is. Pierre overestimated life values ​​and realized that only his family would make him happy. Having met Natasha Rostova, the hero saw kindness and sincerity in her. He married her and became an exemplary family man. This work makes the reader realize that mistakes play a huge role in gaining experience.

Another striking example is the main character of the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky, "Crime and Punishment", Rodion Raskolnikov. In order to test his theory in practice, he killed old money-lender and her sister, without thinking about the consequences. After the deed, his conscience tormented him, and he did not dare to confess to the crime, as he was afraid of exile. And in order to somehow mitigate his guilt, Rodion began to take care of those around him. So, walking in the park, Raskolnikov saved a young girl, whose honor they wanted to desecrate. And also helped a stranger who was run over by a horse to get home. Upon arrival of the doctor, the victim died from blood loss. Rodion organized the funeral at his own expense, and helped the children of the deceased. But nothing could ease his suffering, so the hero decided to write a sincere confession. And only after that Raskolnikov was able to find peace.

Thus, experience is the main wealth that a person accumulates throughout his life and allows him to avoid many mistakes. Therefore, it is impossible to disagree with this statement.

1. Honor and dishonor

In our cruel age it seems that the concepts of honor and dishonor have died. There is no special need to keep girls honored - striptease and viciousness are paid dearly, and money is much more attractive than some kind of ephemeral honor. I recall Knurov from A.N. Ostrovsky’s “Dowry”: “There are boundaries beyond which condemnation does not cross: I can offer you such an enormous content that the most evil critics of someone else’s morality will have to shut up and open their mouths in surprise.”

Sometimes it seems that men have not dreamed of serving for the good of the Fatherland, protecting their honor and dignity, defending the Motherland for a long time. Probably, literature remains the only evidence of the existence of these concepts.

The most cherished work of A.S. Pushkin begins with the epigraph: “Take care of honor from a young age,” which is part of a Russian proverb. The whole novel "The Captain's Daughter" gives us the best idea of ​​honor and dishonor. The protagonist Petrusha Grinev is a young man, practically a youth (at the time of his departure for the service he was “eighteen” years old, according to his mother), but he is filled with such determination that he is ready to die on the gallows, but not tarnish his honor. And this is not only because his father bequeathed him to serve in this way. Life without honor for a nobleman is the same as death. But his opponent and envious Shvabrin acts quite differently. His decision to go over to the side of Pugachev is determined by fear for his life. He, unlike Grinev, does not want to die. The outcome of the life of each of the characters is natural. Grinev lives a decent, albeit poor, life as a landowner and dies surrounded by his children and grandchildren. And the fate of Alexei Shvabrin is understandable, although Pushkin does not say anything about it, but most likely death or hard labor will cut short this unworthy life of a traitor, a man who has not preserved his honor.

War is a catalyst for the most important human qualities; it shows either courage and courage, or meanness and cowardice. We can find proof of this in V. Bykov's story "Sotnikov". Two heroes are the moral poles of the story. The fisherman is energetic, strong, physically strong, but is he courageous? Having been taken prisoner, under pain of death, he betrays his partisan detachment, betrays its location, weapons, strength - in a word, everything in order to eliminate this center of resistance to the Nazis. But the frail, sickly, frail Sotnikov turns out to be courageous, endures torture, and resolutely ascends the scaffold, not for a second doubting the correctness of his act. He knows that death is not as terrible as remorse from betrayal. At the end of the story, Rybak, who escaped death, tries to hang himself in the toilet, but cannot, because he does not find a suitable tool (the belt was taken from him during his arrest). His death is a matter of time, he is not a completely fallen sinner, and living with such a burden is unbearable.

Years pass in historical memory Humanity still has examples of actions in honor and conscience. Will they become an example for my contemporaries? I think yes. The heroes who died in Syria, rescuing people in fires, in disasters, prove that there is honor, dignity, and there are bearers of these noble qualities.

2. Honor and dishonor

Each newborn is given a name. Together with the name, a person receives the history of his family, the memory of generations and the idea of ​​honor. Sometimes the name obliges to be worthy of its origin. Sometimes by your actions you have to wash away, correct the negative memory of the family. How not to lose dignity? How to protect yourself in the face of danger? It is very difficult to be prepared for such an ordeal. There are many similar examples in Russian literature.

In the story of Viktor Petrovich Astafyev "Lyudochka" there is a story about the fate of a young girl, yesterday's schoolgirl, who came to the city in search of a better life. Growing up in a family of a hereditary alcoholic, like frozen grass, she has been trying all her life to keep honor, some kind of feminine dignity, trying to work honestly, build relationships with people around her, not offending anyone, pleasing everyone, but keeping her at a distance. And people respect her. Her landlady Gavrilovna respects her tenacity and hard work, respects poor Artyomka for strictness and morality, respects her in her own way, but for some reason she is silent about this, her stepfather. Everyone sees her as a person. However, on her way she meets a disgusting type, a criminal and a bastard - Strekach. The person is not important to him, his lust is above all. The betrayal of Artyomka's "friend-boyfriend" turns into a terrible ending for Lyudochka. And the girl with her grief is left alone. For Gavrilovna, this is not a particular problem: “Well, they plucked the plonba, think about it, what a misfortune. This is not a flaw, but now they take any marriage, ugh, now for these things ...”

The mother generally pulls away and pretends that nothing happened: an adult, they say, let her get out herself. Artyomka and "friends" call to spend time together. But Lyudochka does not want to live like this, with a soiled, trampled honor. Seeing no way out of this situation, she decides not to live at all. In her last note, she asks for forgiveness: "Gavrilovna! Mom! Stepfather! What's your name, I didn't ask. Good people, I'm sorry!"

The very fact that Gavrilovna, and not her mother, is in the first place here, testifies to many things. And the worst thing is that no one cares about this unfortunate soul. In the whole world - no one ...

In the epic novel Quiet Don» Sholokhov, each heroine has her own idea of ​​honor. Daria Melekhova lives only in the flesh, the author says little about her soul, and the characters in the novel do not perceive Daria at all without this base beginning. Her adventures both during the life of her husband and after his death show that honor does not exist for her at all, she is ready to seduce her own father-in-law, just to satisfy her desire. It is a pity for her, because a person who has lived his life so mediocrely and vulgarly, who has not left any good memory of himself, is insignificant. Daria has remained the embodiment of a base, lustful, dishonest female inside.

Honor is important to every person in our world. But especially women's, girlish honor remains a hallmark and always attracts special attention. And let them say that in our time morality is an empty phrase, that “they will marry anyone” (according to Gavrilovna), it is important - who you are for yourself, and not for those around you. Therefore, the opinions of immature and narrow-minded people are not taken into account. For everyone, honor has been and will be in the first place.

3. Honor and dishonor

Why is honor compared to clothing? “Take care of your dress again,” a Russian proverb demands. And then: ".. and honor from a young age." And the ancient Roman writer and poet, philosopher, author of the famous novel "Metamorphoses" (A.S. Pushkin wrote about him in the novel "Eugene Onegin") claims: "Shame and honor are like a dress: the more shabby, the more careless you treat them" . Clothing is external, and honor is a deep, moral, internal concept. What common? They are greeted by clothes ... How often behind the external gloss we see a fiction, and not a person. It turns out that the proverb is true.

In N.S. Leskov’s story “Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District”, the main character Katerina Izmailova is a young beautiful merchant’s wife. She got married "... not for love or any attraction, but because Izmailov was courting her, and she was a poor girl, and she did not have to sort out suitors." Life in marriage was torment for her. She, not being a woman gifted with any talents, even faith in God, spent her time empty, loitering around the house and not knowing what to do with her idle existence. The impudent and desperate Seryozha, who suddenly turned up, completely captured her mind. Having surrendered to his power, she lost all moral guidelines. The murder of the father-in-law, and then the husband, became something ordinary, unpretentious, like a cotton dress, shabby and out of use, fit only for a doormat. So it is with feelings. They turned out to be rags. Honor is nothing compared to the passion that possessed her completely. Finally dishonored, abandoned by Sergei, she decides on the most terrible act: suicide, but in such a way as to take away from life the one that her former lover found to replace. And they were both swallowed up by the terrible icy haze of the winter freezing river. Katerina Izmailova remained a symbol of stupid immoral dishonor.

Katerina Kabanova, the main character in A.N. Ostrovsky's drama The Thunderstorm, treats her honor in a completely different way. Her love is a tragic feeling, not vulgar. She resists her thirst for true love until the last second. Her choice is not much better than Izmailova's. Boris is not Sergei. He is too soft-spoken, indecisive. He cannot even seduce the young woman he loves. In fact, she did everything herself, because she also loved a handsome metropolitan who was not dressed in a local way, speaking differently young man. Barbara pushed her to this act. For Katerina, her step towards love is not a dishonor, no. She makes a choice in favor of love, because she considers this feeling sanctified by God. Having given herself to Boris, she did not think of returning to her husband, because it was a dishonor for her. Life with an unloved person would be a dishonor to her. Having lost everything: love, protection, support, Katerina decides to take the last step. She chooses death as deliverance from sinful living next to the vulgar, sanctimonious philistines of the city of Kalinov, whose customs and principles never became her family.

Honor must be preserved. Honor is your name, and the name is your status in society. There is a status - a worthy person - happiness smiles at you every morning. But there is no honor - life is dark and dirty, like a dark cloudy night. Take care of honor from a young age ... Take care!

1. Victory and defeat

Probably, there are no people in the world who would not dream of victory. Every day we win small victories or suffer defeats. In an effort to succeed over yourself and your weaknesses, getting up in the morning thirty minutes earlier, doing sports, preparing lessons that are poorly given. Sometimes such victories become a step towards success, towards self-affirmation. But this is not always the case. Seeming victory turns into defeat, and defeat, in fact, is a victory.

In Woe from Wit, the protagonist A.A. Chatsky, after a three-year absence, returns to the society in which he grew up. Everything is familiar to him, he has a categorical judgment about every representative of secular society. “Houses are new, but prejudices are old,” concludes a young, ardent man about the renewed Moscow. The Famus society adheres to the strict rules of Catherine’s time: “honor by father and son”, “be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom”, “the door is open for invited and uninvited, especially from foreigners”, “not that so that novelties are introduced - never", "judges of everything, everywhere, there are no judges over them."

And only subservience, servility, hypocrisy rule over the minds and hearts of the "chosen" representatives of the top of the noble class. Chatsky with his views is out of place. In his opinion, “ranks are given by people, but people can be deceived”, it is low to seek patronage from those in power, it is necessary to achieve success with the mind, and not with servility. Famusov, barely hearing his reasoning, plugs his ears, shouting: "... on trial!" He considers young Chatsky a revolutionary, a "carbonari", a dangerous person, and when Skalozub appears, he asks not to express his thoughts aloud. And when the young man nevertheless begins to express his views, he quickly leaves, not wanting to be responsible for his judgments. However, the colonel turns out to be a narrow-minded person and catches only arguments about uniforms. In general, few people understand Chatsky at Famusov's ball: the owner himself, Sofia and Molchalin. But each of them makes their own verdict. Famusov would forbid such people to drive up to the capital for a shot, Sofya says that he is “not a man - a snake”, and Molchalin decides that Chatsky is just a loser. The final verdict of the Moscow world is madness! At the climax, when the hero delivers his keynote speech, no one in the audience listens to him. You can say that Chatsky is defeated, but it's not! I.A. Goncharov believes that the comedy hero is the winner, and one cannot but agree with him. The appearance of this man shook the stagnant famous society, destroyed the illusions of Sophia, shook the position of Molchalin.

In I.S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”, two opponents collide in a heated argument: a representative of the younger generation, the nihilist Bazarov, and nobleman P.P. Kirsanov. One lived an idle life, spent the lion's share of the allotted time in love with a famous beauty, a socialite - Princess R. But, despite this lifestyle, he gained experience, experienced, probably, the most important feeling that overtook him, washed away everything superficial, knocked down arrogance and self-confidence. This feeling is love. Bazarov boldly judges everything, considering himself a "self-broken", a person who made his name only with his own work, mind. In a dispute with Kirsanov, he is categorical, harsh, but observes external decency, but Pavel Petrovich cannot stand it and breaks down, indirectly calling Bazarov a “dumbass”: “... before they were just idiots, but now they suddenly became nihilists.”

Bazarov's external victory in this dispute, then in a duel, turns out to be a defeat in the main confrontation. Having met his first and only love, the young man is not able to survive the defeat, he does not want to admit the collapse, but he cannot do anything. Without love, without sweet eyes, such desired hands and lips, life is not needed. He becomes distracted, cannot concentrate, and no denial helps him in this confrontation. Yes, it seems that Bazarov won, because he is so stoically going to death, silently fighting the disease, but in fact he lost, because he lost everything for which it was worth living and creating.

Courage and determination in any struggle are essential. But sometimes you have to reject self-confidence, look around, re-read the classics, so as not to make a mistake in the right choice. After all, this is your life. And when defeating someone, think about whether this is a victory!

2. Victory and defeat

Victory is always welcome. We wait for victory from early childhood, playing catch-up or board games. Whatever the cost, we need to win. And the one who wins feels like the king of the situation. And someone is a loser, because he doesn’t run so fast or just the wrong chips fell out. Is it really necessary to win? Who can be considered the winner? Is victory always an indicator of true superiority.

In Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's comedy The Cherry Orchard, the center of the conflict is the confrontation between the old and the new. Noble society, brought up on the ideals of the past, stopped in its development, accustomed to getting everything without much difficulty, by birthright, Ranevskaya and Gaev are helpless before the need for action. They are paralyzed, unable to make decisions, to move. Their world is collapsing, flying into hell, and they are building rainbow-colored projectors, starting an unnecessary holiday in the house on the day the estate is auctioned. And then Lopakhin appears - a former serf, and now - the owner of a cherry orchard. Victory intoxicated him. At first he tries to hide his joy, but soon the triumph overwhelms him and, no longer embarrassed, he laughs and literally shouts: “My God, Lord, my cherry orchard! Tell me that I am drunk, out of my mind, that all this seems to me ... "

Of course, the slavery of his grandfather and father may justify his behavior, but in the face, according to him, of his beloved Ranevskaya, this looks at least tactless. And then it is already difficult to stop him, like a real master of life, the winner demands: “Hey, musicians, play, I want to listen to you! Everyone come and watch how Yermolai Lopakhin will hit the cherry orchard with an ax, how the trees will fall to the ground!”

Maybe, from the point of view of progress, Lopakhin's victory is a step forward, but somehow it becomes sad after such victories. The garden is cut down without waiting for the departure of the former owners, Firs is forgotten in the boarded-up house... Does such a play have a morning?

In the story of Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet" the focus is on the fate of a young man who dared to fall in love with a woman not of his circle. G.S.Zh. long and devotedly loves Princess Vera. His gift - a garnet bracelet - immediately attracted the attention of a woman, because the stones suddenly lit up like “charming deep red live fires. "Just like blood!" Vera thought with unexpected anxiety. Unequal relationships are always fraught with serious consequences. Anxious forebodings did not deceive the princess. The need at all costs to put in place the presumptuous villain arises not so much for the husband as for Vera's brother. Appearing in the face of Zheltkov, representatives of high society a priori behave like winners. Zheltkov’s behavior strengthens them in his confidence: “his trembling hands ran around, fiddling with buttons, pinching his blond reddish mustache, touching his face needlessly.” The poor telegraph operator is crushed, confused, feels guilty. But as soon as Nikolai Nikolaevich recalls the authorities, to whom the defenders of the honor of his wife and sister wanted to turn, Zheltkov suddenly changes. No one has power over him, over his feelings, except for the object of adoration. No power can forbid to love a woman. And to suffer for the sake of love, to give one's life for it - this is the true victory of the great feeling that G.S.Zh. was lucky to experience. He leaves silently and confidently. His letter to Vera is a hymn to a great feeling, a triumphant song of Love! His death is his victory over the petty prejudices of pitiful nobles who feel themselves masters of life.

Victory, as it turns out, can be more dangerous and more disgusting than defeat if it violates eternal values ​​and distorts the moral foundations of life.

3. Victory and defeat

Publilius Sir - a Roman poet, a contemporary of Caesar, believed that the most glorious victory is a victory over oneself. It seems to me that every thinking person who has reached the age of majority should win at least one victory over himself, over his shortcomings. Perhaps it is laziness, fear or envy. But what is victory over oneself in peacetime? So petty struggle with personal flaws. And here is the victory in the war! When it comes to life and death, when everything around you becomes an enemy, ready to end your existence at any moment?

Alexei Meresyev, the hero of Boris Polevoy's Tale of a Real Man, withstood such a struggle. The pilot was shot down on his plane by a fascist fighter. The desperately bold act of Alexei, who entered into an unequal struggle with the whole link, ended in defeat. The downed plane crashed into the trees, softening the blow. The pilot who fell on the snow received serious foot injuries. But, despite the unbearable pain, he, overcoming his suffering, decided to move towards his own, taking several thousand steps a day. Each step becomes torture for Alexei: he “felt that he was weakening from tension and pain. Biting his lip, he continued walking. A few days later, blood poisoning began to spread throughout the body, and the pain became unbearable. Unable to stand up, he decided to crawl. Losing consciousness, he moved forward. On the eighteenth day, he reached the people. But the main test was ahead. Alexei had both feet amputated. He was discouraged. However, there was a man who was able to restore his faith in himself. Alexei realized that he could fly if he learned to walk on prostheses. And again, torment, suffering, the need to endure pain, overcoming one's weakness. The episode of the pilot's return to duty is shocking, when the hero tells the instructor, who made a remark about shoes, that his feet will not freeze, since they are not. The surprise of the instructor was indescribable. Such a victory over oneself is a real feat. It becomes clear what the words mean, that the strength of the spirit ensures victory.

In the story of M. Gorky "Chelkash" two people are in the center of attention, completely opposite in their mentality, goals in life. Chelkash is a tramp, a thief, a criminal. He is desperately bold, bold, his element is the sea, true freedom. Money is rubbish for him, he never seeks to save it. If they are (and he gets them, constantly risking his freedom and life), he spends them. If not, don't be sad. Another thing is Gabriel. He is a peasant, he came to the city to work, to build his own house, to get married, to start a household. In this he sees his happiness. Having agreed to the scam with Chelkash, he did not expect that it would be so scary. It is clear from his behavior how cowardly he is. However, when he sees a wad of money in the hands of Chelkash, he loses his mind. Money made him drunk. He is ready to kill the hated criminal, just to get the money he needs to build a house. Chelkash suddenly feels sorry for the unfortunate, unlucky failed murderer and gives him almost all the money. So, in my opinion, the Gorky tramp conquers in himself the hatred for Gavrila that arose at the first meeting, and takes the position of mercy. It seems that there is nothing special here, but I believe that to conquer hatred in oneself means to win not only over oneself, but also over the whole world.

So, victories begin with small forgiveness, honest deeds, with the ability to enter into the position of another. This is the beginning of a great victory, whose name is life.

1. Friendship and enmity

How difficult it is to define such a simple concept as friendship. Even in early childhood, we make friends, they somehow appear by themselves at school. But sometimes the opposite happens: former friends suddenly become enemies, and the whole world exudes hostility. In the dictionary, friendship refers to personal disinterested relationships between people based on love, trust, sincerity, mutual sympathy, common interests and hobbies. And enmity, according to linguists, is relations and actions imbued with hostility, hatred. How does the complex process of transition from love and sincerity to hostility, hatred and enmity take place? And to whom does love happen in friendship? To friend? Or to yourself?

In Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov's novel A Hero of Our Time, Pechorin, reflecting on friendship, claims that one person is always the slave of another, although no one admits this to himself. The hero of the novel believes that he is not capable of friendship. But Werner shows the most sincere feelings towards Pechorin. Yes, and Pechorin gives Werner the most positive assessment. It seems that more is needed for friendship? They understand each other so well. Starting an intrigue with Grushnitsky and Mary, Pechorin gets the most reliable ally in the person of Dr. Werner. But at the most crucial moment, Werner refuses to understand Pechorin. It seems natural to him to prevent a tragedy (on the eve he predicted that Grushnitsky would become Pechorin's new victim), but he does not stop the duel and allows the death of one of the duelists. Indeed, he obeys Pechorin, falling under the influence of his strong nature. But then he writes a note: "There is no evidence against you, and you can sleep peacefully ... if you can ... Goodbye."

In this "if you can" one hears a disclaimer, he considers himself entitled to reproach the "friend" for such an offense. But he no longer wants to know him: “Goodbye,” sounds irrevocably. Yes, a real friend would not have acted like that, he would have shared the responsibility and prevented the tragedy, not only in thoughts, but in deeds. So friendship (although Pechorin does not think so) turns into hostility.

Arkady Kirsanov and Yevgeny Bazarov come to the Kirsanov family estate to rest. This is how the story of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons" begins. What made them friends? Common interests? Common cause? Mutual love and respect? But both of them are nihilists and do not take feelings for truth. Maybe Bazarov goes to Kirsanov only because it is convenient for him to travel half the way at the expense of a friend on his way home? .. In his relationship with Bazarov, Arkady discovers some new character traits in a friend every day. His ignorance of poetry, lack of understanding of music, self-confidence, boundless pride, especially when he claims that “no matter what the gods burn pots,” speaking of Kukshina and Sitnikov. Then love for Anna Sergeevna, with which his "friend-god" does not want to reconcile. Pride does not allow Bazarov to recognize his feelings. He would rather give up friends, love, than admit himself defeated. Saying goodbye to Arkady, he throws: “You are a nice fellow; but all the same, a soft liberal barich ... ”And although there is no hatred in these words, hostility is felt.

Friendship, true, real, is a rare phenomenon. The desire to be friends, mutual sympathy, common interests - these are just the prerequisites for friendship. And whether it will develop to become time-tested depends only on patience and the ability to give up oneself, on self-love, in the first place. To love a friend is to think about his interests, and not about how you will look in the eyes of others, whether this will offend your pride. And the ability to get out of the conflict with dignity, respecting the opinion of a friend, but without compromising one's own principles, so that friendship does not turn into hostility.

2. Friendship and enmity

Among the eternal values, friendship has always occupied one of the very first places. But everyone understands friendship in their own way. Someone is looking for benefits in friends, some additional privileges in obtaining material benefits. But such friends before the first problem, before trouble. It is no coincidence that the proverb says: "friends are known in trouble." But the French philosopher M. Montaigne argued: "In friendship there are no other calculations and considerations, except for itself." And only such friendship is true.

In F. M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment", the relationship between Raskolnikov and Razumikhin can be considered an example of such friendship. Both are law students, both live in poverty, both are looking for additional income. But at one fine moment, infected with the idea of ​​​​a superman, Raskolnikov drops everything and prepares for the “case”. Six months of constant soul-searching, searching for ways to deceive fate knock Raskolnikov out of the usual rhythm of life. He does not take translations, does not give lessons, does not go to classes, in general, does nothing. And yet, in a difficult moment, the heart leads him to a friend. Razumikhin is the exact opposite of Raskolnikov. He works, spins all the time, earning a penny, but these pennies are enough for him to live and even for fun. Raskolnikov seemed to be looking for an opportunity to get off the “path” he had embarked on, because “Razumikhin was also remarkable because no failures ever embarrassed him and no bad circumstances seemed to be able to crush him.” And Raskolnikov is crushed, brought to an extreme degree of despair. And Razumikhin, realizing that a friend (although Dostoevsky insistently writes "friend") in trouble no longer leaves him until the trial itself. And at the trial, he acts as the defender of Rodion and cites evidence of his spiritual generosity, nobility, testifying that "when he was at the university, from his last means he helped one of his poor and consumptive university comrades and almost supported him for six months." The sentence for double murder was reduced by almost half. Thus, Dostoevsky proves to us the idea of ​​God's providence, that people are saved by people. And let someone say that Razumikhin did not lose by getting a beautiful wife, a friend's sister, but did he think about his own benefit? No, he was completely absorbed in caring for a person.

In I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”, Andrei Stolz is no less generous and caring, who has been trying all his life to pull his friend Oblomov out of the swamp of his existence. He alone is able to lift Ilya Ilyich from the sofa, to give movement to his monotonous philistine life. Even when Oblomov finally settles with Pshchenitsyna, Andrei makes several more attempts to get him off the couch. Upon learning that Tarantiev, with the manager of Oblomovka, actually robbed a friend, he takes matters into his own hands and puts things in order. Although this does not save Oblomov. But Shtolz honestly fulfilled his duty to his friend, and after the death of an unlucky childhood friend, he takes his son to be raised, not wanting to leave the child in an environment that is literally covered in the mire of idleness, philistinism.

M. Montaigne argued: "In friendship there are no other calculations and considerations, except for itself."

Only such friendship is true. If a person who is called a friend suddenly starts, fawning, asking for help or starts settling scores for the service rendered, they say, I helped you out, and what did I do for me, give up such a friend! You will lose nothing but an envious look, an unfriendly word.

3. Friendship and enmity

Where do enemies come from? It has always been incomprehensible to me: when, why, why do people have enemies? How is enmity, hatred born, what in the human body directs this process? And now you already have an enemy, what to do with him? How to treat his personality, actions? To follow the path of retaliatory measures, according to the principle of an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth? But what will this enmity lead to? To the destruction of personality, to the destruction of good on a global scale. Suddenly all over the world? Probably, everyone in one way or another met with the problem of confrontation with enemies. How to overcome hatred towards such people?

V. Zheleznyakov's story "Scarecrow" shows the terrible story of a girl's collision with a class that declared a boycott on a person, on false suspicion, without understanding the justice of their own sentence. Lenka Bessoltseva - a compassionate girl with an open soul - having got into a new class, she found herself alone. Nobody wanted to be friends with her. And only the noble Dimka Somov stood up for her, extended a helping hand. It became especially scary when the same reliable friend betrayed Lena. Knowing that the girl was not to blame, he did not tell the truth to the frantic, embittered classmates. I was afraid. And he allowed her to poison for several days. When the truth was revealed, when everyone found out who was to blame for the unfair punishment of the entire class (cancellation of the long-awaited trip to Moscow), the anger of the schoolchildren now fell upon Dimka. Thirsty for revenge, classmates demanded that everyone vote against Dimka. One Lenka refused to declare a boycott, because she herself went through all the horror of persecution: “I was at the stake ... And they chased me down the street. And I will never chase anyone ... And I will never poison anyone. At least kill!" With her desperately courageous and selfless act, Lena Bessoltseva teaches the whole class nobility, mercy and forgiveness. She rises above her own resentment and treats her tormentors and her traitor friend equally.

In the little tragedy of A.S. Pushkin "Mozart and Salieri" is shown hard work consciousness recognized the greatest composer eighteenth century - Salieri. The friendship of Antonio Salieri and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was based on the envy of a successful, hardworking, but not so talented composer, recognized by the whole society, rich and successful to a younger, but so sparkling, bright, extremely talented, but poor and not recognized person during his lifetime. Of course, the version of the poisoning of a friend has long been debunked, and even a two-hundred-year-old veto on the performance of Salieri's works has been lifted. But the story, thanks to which Salieri remained in memory (largely because of Pushkin's play), teaches us not to always trust friends, they can pour poison into your glass, only out of good intentions: to save justice for the sake of your noble name.

Friend-traitor, friend-enemy... where is the boundary of these states. How often is a person able to move into the camp of your enemies, change his attitude towards you? Happy is he who has never lost friends. Therefore, I think that Menander was still right, and friends and enemies should be judged equally, so as not to sin against honor and dignity, against conscience. However, mercy must never be forgotten. It is above all laws of justice.

How to write an essay Experience and mistakes based on the novel "Fathers and Sons"?

Of course, it is worth saying right away that much, if not all, of the problems of this novel relate to the worldview of its protagonist, namely, the views and worldview of Yevgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov. Of course, against the backdrop of the worldview of the protagonist, the author is trying to figure out what nihilism is, in essence, and what are its prospects as a worldview in social terms as a whole.

The practice of life, and in particular this work, shows that nihilism itself is a completely dead-end version of the worldview and it definitely cannot lead to anything good.

The problem with this approach and the main character of Bazarov's work is that he denies everything. At the same time, everything that tells us that the main character, as well as any mossy conformism, simply does not have his own position, which he would consider to be the truth and which he would try to defend, is the key word. brilliance and pressure, which is given to him by nature itself.

From this, there is a splitting of his personality, since his skepticism, as a permanent reaction, does not have any validity, since he sticks it out without any thought and analysis of what is happening, but simply, deliberately and indiscriminately.

His argument with the older Bazarovs, in general, shows the whole dead end of such a worldview, since the relatives of his friend Arkady, in general, are liberals, and if he were a genuine rebel, whose position would be meaningful, he could and even should get along with them , since, in fact, nothing can be as close to genuine rebellion as liberalism.

As a result, he, he falls in love with Odintsova and only after that, abstracts from his nihilistic worldview. This happens because nihilism, denying everything, also denies love, and Bazarov, on himself, felt all its authenticity.

As a result, he, in fact, turns out to be rejected by everyone, because over the years spent in total nihilism, he did not understand which vector of thought is exactly his. He dies by accident, as he works a lot, doing medicine, but this accident only puts dots and gives rise to even more questions about what such a person could come to in the future.

Experience and mistakes can be in the work Fathers and children disassemble on the example of the protagonist Evgeny Bazarov. His main mistake in nihilism and he was that Eugene denied absolutely all feelings. He said that feelings, that love is complete nonsense and generally a waste of time. Because of this, he feels like a stranger even among his parents. Although he probably loved them somewhere inside, in the depths, he did not show this and brought only disappointment to his loved ones with his presence. But experience comes to Bazarov when he dies from a scratch. And I would say life experience. He allows his feelings, albeit for a short while, to open up and feel happy.



Mistakes allow you to gain a certain life experience. If you analyze the perfect mistakes and draw the right conclusions, then you can not make similar ones in the future - not step on the same rake. Many writers show us what mistakes their characters make, thus warning the reader not to make mistakes.

Let's see how I.S. Tugrenev does it in the novel Fathers and Sonsquot ;. The main character of the story is Evgeny Bazarov. He is a nihilist - a person who questions, and sometimes even denies generally accepted values, norms of morality and culture.

Bazarov is a raznochinets, an intellectual who does not belong to any class. He and his supporters believe that the existing system has become obsolete and must be destroyed. To the objection of the elder Kirsanov that it is necessary, after all, to build, Bazarov replies that first the place must be cleared.

The young man does not recognize culture, art, love, believing that this is the lot of dreamers. He regards nature as a workshop for experiments. Of course, he is active, smart, but his inner life is contradictory and ultimately leads to loneliness. A tragic accident leads to the death of the hero: he became infected during his medical experiments, dissecting a corpse.

So what is Bazarov's mistake? He is a lone rebel - such will always be defeated. The hero does not understand that it is impossible to destroy the old building until at least the foundation of the new one is ready. What does the call lead to destroy everything to the ground, and then we are ours, we will build a new world shows an example of our history. This is the October Revolution, and perestroika with e reforms.

The work of I.S. Turgenev Fathers and children are an example when you can clearly see how the heroes gain experience and what mistakes they gain along the way to experience. Even if you take the main characters of Bazarov. He makes mistake after mistake, and in the end it leads to his death. And he does not learn from his own experience, as well as from someone else's.

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Final essay. Thematic direction Experience and mistakes. Prepared by: Shevchuk A.P., teacher of Russian language and literature, MBOU "Secondary School No. 1", Bratsk

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Recommended reading list: Jack London "Martin Eden", A.P. Chekhov "Ionych", M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Flows the Don", Henry Marsh "Do No Harm" M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" "The Tale of Igor's Campaign." A. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"; "Eugene Onegin". M. Lermontov "Masquerade"; "Hero of Our Time" I. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"; "Spring Waters"; " Noble Nest". F. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"; "Anna Karenina"; "Resurrection". A. Chekhov "Gooseberry"; "About love". I. Bunin "The Gentleman from San Francisco"; "Dark alleys". A.Kupin "Olesya"; "Garnet bracelet". M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog"; "Fatal Eggs". O. Wilde "Portrait of Dorian Gray". D. Keyes "Flowers for Algernon". V. Kaverin "Two captains"; "Painting"; "I'm going to the mountain." A. Aleksin "Mad Evdokia". B. Ekimov "Speak, mother, speak." L. Ulitskaya "The Case of Kukotsky"; "Sincerely yours Shurik."

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Official commentary: Within the framework of the direction, discussions are possible about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the price of mistakes on the way to knowing the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

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Guidelines: “Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied to a lesser extent, because without mistakes there is no and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, embarks on the path of spiritual and moral development. Giving an assessment of the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one's own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that an incorrectly made decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also most fatally affect the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic direction.

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Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:  One should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive oneself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues  You can make mistakes in various ways, you can only do the right thing in one way, that's why the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, hard to hit. Aristotle  In all matters we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves. Karl Raimund Popper  The one who thinks that he will not be mistaken if others think for him is deeply mistaken. Avreliy Markov  We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us alone. François de La Rochefoucauld  Take advantage of every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein  Shame can be appropriate everywhere, but not in the matter of admitting one's mistakes. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing  It is easier to find a mistake than the truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

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As a support in your reasoning, you can refer to the following works. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing to his deed, does not fully realize the whole tragedy of the crime he committed, does not recognize the fallacy of his theory, he only regrets that he could not transgress, that he cannot now consider himself among the elect. And only in penal servitude the soul-worn hero does not just repent (he repented, confessing to the murder), but embarks on the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero, Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).

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M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man", K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of such different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, nothing can be corrected. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, repels his wife hugging him, the hero is annoyed by her tears, he is angry, believing that she is "burying him alive", but it turns out the opposite: he returns, and the family dies. This loss is a terrible grief for him, and now he blames himself for every little thing and says with inexpressible pain: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I won’t forgive myself for pushing her away then!”

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The story of K.G. Paustovsky is a story about lonely old age. Abandoned by her own daughter, grandmother Katerina writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. But Nastya calms herself with the words: "Since the mother writes, it means she is alive." Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, her daughter forgets about her only loved one. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for caring for a person,” the heroine recalls that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon. Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this happen? Because I don't have anyone in my life. No, and it will not be dearer. If only to be in time, if only she would see me, if only she would forgive me. The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the main characters teaches the reader to be attentive to loved ones "before it's too late."

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M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" The hero of the novel M.Yu. also makes a series of mistakes in his life. Lermontov. Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disappointed in life. Pechorin himself says about himself: "Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him." Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find application for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the condition of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a "suffering egoist", because Grigory Alexandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries, and nothing brings him satisfaction.

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Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time he wants to teach others to confess their own, as, for example, he tried to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But the other side of Pechorin immediately appears: after some attempts to defuse the situation in a duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself offers to shoot in a dangerous place so that one of them dies. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of young Grushnitsky and his own life.

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After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin's mood has changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, there is a stone in his soul. The story of the disappointed and dying Pechorin soul is set forth in the hero's diary entries with all the ruthlessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the "magazine", Pechorin fearlessly speaks of his ideal impulses, and the dark sides of his soul, and the contradictions of consciousness. The hero is aware of his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them, his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers”, Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” with the fates of others, which makes himself unhappy .

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L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If the hero of Lermontov, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then the beloved heroes of Tolstoy, the experience gained helps to become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can refer to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society environment with his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, wishes for great personal fame. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. The harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince is disappointed in his dreams, he understands how bitterly he was mistaken. Seriously wounded, remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky is experiencing a mental breakdown. In these moments, a new world opens before him, where there are no egoistic thoughts, lies, but only the purest, highest, and fairest.

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The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems to him petty and insignificant. Having survived further events - the appearance of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that he only has to live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of the hero, not only admitting his mistakes, but also striving to become better. Pierre also makes a considerable series of mistakes. He leads a wild life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but he understands that such a life is not for him. He cannot immediately correctly assess people and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed.

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These character traits are clearly manifested in the relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after the marriage, the hero realizes that he has been deceived, and "processes his grief alone in himself." After a break with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic Lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he "will find a rebirth to a new life," and again he realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the “thunderstorm of 1812” lead the hero to drastic changes in his worldview. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.

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M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people, makes them evaluate their life mistakes, we can refer to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting on the side of the whites, then on the side of the reds, he understands what a monstrous injustice is around, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: "... my hands need to plow." Home, family - that's the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person already wise with life experience understands that the main thing in life is not war, but a son meeting at the threshold of the house. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is the reason for his repeated throwing from white to red.

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M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing some phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research”, then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky to “clarify the question of the survival of the pituitary gland, and in the future about its effect on rejuvenation organism in humans” can hardly be called successful in full measure. From a scientific point of view, he is very successful. Professor Preobrazhensky performs a unique operation. The scientific result turned out to be unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life it led to the most deplorable consequences.

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The type that appeared in the professor's house as a result of the operation, "small in stature and unsympathetic in appearance", behaves defiantly, arrogantly and arrogantly. However, it should be noted that the humanoid creature that has appeared easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the whole house. After analyzing his mistake, the professor realizes that the dog was much more “human” than P.P. Sharikov.

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Thus, we are convinced that Sharikov's humanoid hybrid is more of a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: “Old donkey ... Here, doctor, what happens when the researcher, instead of walking in parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge.” Philipp Philippovich comes to the conclusion that violent intervention in the nature of man and society leads to catastrophic results. In the story “Heart of a Dog”, the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov again turns into a dog. He is content with his fate and himself. But in life, such experiments have a tragic effect on the fate of people, warns Bulgakov. Actions should be considered and not be destructive. the main idea The writer is that bare progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.

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V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera" Speaking about the mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but to the people as a whole, one can also refer to the specified story of the writer of the twentieth century. This is not just a story about loss. home, but also about how erroneous decisions lead to catastrophes that will inevitably affect the life of society as a whole. The plot of the story is based on real story. During the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Resettlement has become a painful phenomenon for residents of flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power plants are built for a large number of people.

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This is an important economic project, for the sake of which it is necessary to restructure, not to cling to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Residents of the flooded Matera move to a village built not in a human way. The mismanagement with which huge amounts of money are spent hurts the writer's soul painfully. Fertile lands will be flooded, and nothing will grow in the village built on the northern slope of the hill, on stones and clay. Gross intervention in nature will necessarily entail environmental problems. But for the writer, they are not so much important as the spiritual life of people. For Rasputin, it is quite clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, a people, a country, begins with the disintegration of the family.

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And the reason for this is a tragic mistake, which consists in the fact that progress is much more important than the souls of old people saying goodbye to their home. And there is no repentance in the hearts of young people. Wise with life experience, the older generation does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because they demand to give Matera for these amenities, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is the experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, must not renounce his roots. In reasoning on this topic, one can turn to history and the catastrophes that the “economic” activity of man entailed. Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is a tragic experience of previous generations as a warning to us, people of the 21st century.

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Writing. “Experience is the teacher of everything” (Gaius Julius Caesar) As a person grows up, he learns by drawing knowledge from books, in school classes, in conversations and relationships with other people. In addition, an important influence is exerted by the environment, the traditions of the family and the people as a whole. While studying, the child receives a lot of theoretical knowledge, but the ability to apply them in practice is necessary in order to acquire a skill, gain one's own experience. In other words, you can read the encyclopedia of life and know the answer to any question, but in reality only personal experience, that is, practice, will help you learn how to live, and without this unique experience a person will not be able to live a bright, full, rich life. Authors of many works fiction depict heroes in dynamics to show how each person develops his personality and goes his own way.

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Let us turn to the novels of Anatoly Rybakov "Children of the Arbat", "Fear", "Thirty-fifth and other years", "Dust and Ashes". Before the reader's eyes passes the difficult fate of the protagonist Sasha Pankratov. At the beginning of the story, this is a sympathetic guy, an excellent student, a school graduate and a first-year student. He is confident in his rightness, in his future, in the party, his friends, he is an open person, ready to help those in need. It is because of his sense of justice that he suffers. Sasha is sent into exile, and suddenly he finds himself an enemy of the people, completely alone, far from home, convicted under a political article. Throughout the trilogy, the reader observes the formation of Sasha's personality. All his friends turn away from him, except for the girl Varya, who selflessly waits for him, helping his mother overcome the tragedy.

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In Victor Hugo's novel Les Miserables, the story of the girl Cosette is shown. Her mother was forced to give her baby to the family of the innkeeper Thenardier. They treated a child there very badly. Cosette saw how the owners pampered and loved their own daughters, who were smartly dressed, played all day and played mischievously. Like any child, Cosette also wanted to play, but she was forced to clean the tavern, go to the forest to the spring for water, sweep the street. She was dressed in miserable rags, and slept in a closet under the stairs. Bitter experience taught her not to cry, not to complain, but to silently obey the orders of Aunt Thenardier. When, by the will of fate, Jean Valjean snatched the girl from the clutches of Thenardier, she did not know how to play, did not know what to do with herself. The poor child learned to laugh again, to play with dolls again, passing his days carefree. However, in the future, it was this bitter experience that helped Cosette become modest, with a pure heart and an open soul.

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Thus, our reasoning allows us to formulate the following conclusion. It is personal experience that teaches a person about life. Whatever this experience, bitter or blissful, it is our own, experienced, and the lessons of life teach us, shaping character and educating personality.

"Experience and Mistakes"

Official comment:

Within the framework of the direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the price of mistakes on the way of knowing the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

“Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied to a lesser extent, because without mistakes there is no and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, embarks on the path of spiritual and moral development. Giving an assessment of the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one's own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that an incorrectly made decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also most fatally affect the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic direction.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:

 You should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues

 In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves. Karl Raimund Popper

 Take advantage of every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein

 Modesty can be appropriate everywhere, but not in the matter of admitting one's mistakes. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

 It is easier to find the error than the truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

List of references in the direction "Experience and errors"

A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

L. N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"

F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"

M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"

A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

I. A. Bunin "The Gentleman from San Francisco"

A. I. Kuprin "Garnet bracelet"

A. S. Griboedov "Woe from Wit"

Guy de Maupassant "Necklace"

Materials for literary arguments.

M. Yu. Lermontov novel "A Hero of Our Time"

Only after losing Vera, Pechorin realized that he loved her. The worst mistake is not to appreciate what you have.

A secular lady and a relative of Princess Mary, Vera, arrived in Kislovodsk. Readers learned that Pechorin was once passionately in love with this woman. She also kept in her heart a bright feeling for Grigory Alexandrovich. Vera and Gregory met. And here we already saw another Pechorin: not a cold and evil cynic, but a man of great passions, who has not forgotten anything and feels suffering and pain. After meeting with Vera, who, being a married woman, could not connect with the hero in love with her, Pechorin threw himself into the saddle. He galloped over mountains and dales, exhausting his horse greatly.

On a horse exhausted from fatigue, Pechorin accidentally met Mary and frightened her.

Soon Grushnitsky, with an ardent feeling, began to prove to Pechorin that, after all his antics, he would never be received at the princess's house. Pechorin argued with his friend, proving the opposite.
Pechorin went to the ball to Princess Ligovskaya. Here he began to behave unusually courteously towards Mary: he danced with her like a fine gentleman, protected her from a tipsy officer, helped to cope with a swoon. Mary's mother began to look at Pechorin with different eyes and invited him to her house as a close friend.

Pechorin began to visit the Ligovskys. He became interested in Mary as a woman, but the hero was still attracted to Vera. On one of the rare dates, Vera told Pechorin that she was mortally ill with consumption, so she asks him to spare her reputation. Vera also added that she always understood the soul of Grigory Alexandrovich and accepted him with all his vices.

Pechorin, nevertheless, got along with Mary. The girl confessed to him that she was bored with all the fans, including Grushnitsky. Pechorin, using his charm, from nothing to do, made the princess fall in love with him. He couldn’t even explain to himself why he needed it: either to have fun, or to annoy Grushnitsky, or maybe show Vera that someone needed him too and, thereby, call her jealousy. Gregory succeeded in what he wants: Mary fell in love with him, but at first she hid her feelings.

Meanwhile, Vera began to worry about this novel. On a secret date, she asked Pechorin never to marry Mary and promised him a night meeting in return.

Pechorin, on the other hand, began to get bored in the company of both Mary and Vera.

Vera confessed to her husband her feelings for Pechorin. He took her out of the city. Pechorin, having learned about the imminent departure of Vera, mounted a horse and tried to catch up with his beloved, realizing that he had no one in the world more precious than her. He drove the horse, which died before his eyes.

A. S. Pushkin novel "Eugene Onegin"

People tend to do reckless things. Eugene Onegin rejected Tatyana, who was in love with him, which he regretted, but it was too late. Mistakes are thoughtless actions.

Eugene lived an idle life, walking along the boulevard during the day, and in the evening visiting luxurious salons, where famous people of St. Petersburg invited him. The author emphasizes that Onegin, “afraid of jealous condemnations,” was very careful about his appearance, so he could be in front of a mirror for three hours, bringing his image to perfection. Yevgeny returned from the balls in the morning, when the rest of the inhabitants of St. Petersburg rush to work. By noon, the young man woke up and again

"Until the morning his life is ready,
Monotonous and motley.

However, is Onegin happy?

“No: early the feelings in him cooled down;
He was tired of the noise of the world.

Eugene closes himself off from society, locks himself at home and tries to write on his own, but the young man does not succeed, because "he was sick of hard work." After that, the hero begins to read a lot, but understands that literature will not save him either: "like women, he left books." Eugene from a sociable, secular person becomes a closed young man, prone to a "caustic dispute" and "joke with bile in half."

Eugene lived in a picturesque village, his house was by the river, surrounded by a garden. Wanting to somehow entertain himself, Onegin decided to introduce new orders in his possessions: he replaced the corvée with "easy quitrent". Because of this, the neighbors began to be wary of the hero, believing that "he is the most dangerous eccentric." At the same time, Eugene himself shunned his neighbors, avoiding getting to know them in every possible way.

At the same time, a young landowner Vladimir Lensky returned to one of the nearest villages from Germany. Vladimir was a romantic nature. However, among the villagers, the figure of Onegin attracted Lensky's special attention, and Vladimir and Eugene gradually became friends.

Tatyana:

"Dika, sad, silent,
Like a doe forest is timid.

Onegin asks if he can see Lensky's beloved and a friend calls him to go to the Larins.

Returning from the Larins, Onegin tells Vladimir that he was pleased to meet them, but his attention was more attracted not by Olga, who "has no life in features", but by her sister Tatyana "who is sad and silent, like Svetlana." The appearance of Onegin at the Larins caused gossip that, perhaps, Tatyana and Evgeny were already engaged. Tatyana realizes that she has fallen in love with Onegin. The girl begins to see Eugene in the heroes of novels, dreaming about a young man, walking in the "silence of the forests" with books about love.

Eugene, who was disappointed with relationships with women even in his youth, was touched by Tatyana's letter, and that is why he did not want to deceive the gullible, innocent girl.

Meeting Tatyana in the garden, Evgeny spoke first. The young man said that he was very touched by her sincerity, so he wants to "repay" the girl with his "confession". Onegin tells Tatyana that if a “pleasant lot ordered” him to become a father and husband, then he would not look for another bride, choosing Tatyana as “friend of the day<…>sad." However, Eugene "is not made for bliss." Onegin says that he loves Tatyana like a brother, and at the end of his "confession" turns into a sermon to the girl:

“Learn to rule yourself;
Not everyone will understand you like me;
Inexperience leads to trouble."

After a duel with Lensky, Onegin leaves

The narrator meets again with the already 26-year-old Onegin at one of the social events.

At the party, a lady appears with the general, who attracts the general attention of the public. This woman looked “quiet” and “simple”. Evgeny recognizes Tatyana in a secular lady. Asking a familiar prince who this woman is, Onegin learns that she is the wife of this prince and is really Tatyana Larina. When the prince brings Onegin to the woman, Tatyana does not betray her excitement at all, while Eugene is speechless. Onegin cannot believe that this is the same girl who once wrote him a letter.

In the morning, Evgeny was brought an invitation from Prince N., Tatyana's wife. Onegin, alarmed by memories, eagerly goes to visit, but the “stately”, “careless legislator of the hall” does not seem to notice him. Unable to stand it, Eugene writes a letter to the woman, in which he confesses his love for her.

One spring day, Onegin goes to Tatiana without an invitation. Eugene finds a woman weeping bitterly over his letter. The man falls at her feet. Tatyana asks him to get up and reminds Evgeny how in the garden, in the alley, she humbly listened to his lesson, now it's her turn. She tells Onegin that she was in love with him then, but found only severity in his heart, although she does not blame him, considering the man's act noble. The woman understands that now she is in many ways interesting to Eugene precisely because she has become a prominent secular lady. In parting, Tatyana says:

“I love you (why lie?),
But I am given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever"

And leaves. Eugene is "as if struck by a thunder" by Tatyana's words.

"But the spurs suddenly rang out,
And Tatyana's husband showed up,
And here is my hero
In a minute, evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time ... forever ... ".

I. S. Turgenev novel "Fathers and Sons"

Evgeny Bazarov - the path from nihilism to the acceptance of the versatility of the world.

Nihilist, a person who does not take principles on faithy.

Hearing Nikolai Kirsanov playing the cello, Bazarov laughs, which disapproves of Arkady. Denies art.

An unpleasant conversation took place during an evening tea party. Calling one landowner "rubbish aristocrat", Bazarov aroused the displeasure of the elder Kirsanov, who began to assert that by following the principles, a person benefits society. Eugene in response accused him of also living meaninglessly, like other aristocrats. Pavel Petrovich objected that the nihilists, by their denial, were only aggravating the situation in Russia.

Friends come to visit Odintsova. The meeting made an impression on Bazarov and he suddenly became embarrassed.

Bazarov did not behave the way he always did, which surprised his friend very much. He talked a lot, talked about medicine, botany. Anna Sergeevna willingly supported the conversation, as she understood the sciences. She treated Arkady like a younger brother. At the end of the conversation, she invited the young people to her estate.

While living on the estate, Bazarov began to change. He fell in love, despite the fact that he considered this feeling a romantic bilebird. He could not turn away from her and imagined her in his arms. The feeling was mutual, but they did not want to open up to each other.

Bazarov meets his father's manager, who says that his parents are waiting for him, they are worried. Eugene announces the departure. In the evening, a conversation takes place between Bazar and Anna Sergeevna, where they try to understand what each of them wants to get from life.

Bazarov confesses his love to Odintsova. In response, he hears: “You did not understand me,” and feels extremely embarrassed. Anna Sergeevna believes that without Yevgeny she will be calmer and does not accept his confession. Bazarov decides to leave

They were received well in the house of the elder Bazarovs. The parents were very happy, but knowing that their son did not approve of such a manifestation of feelings, they tried to be more restrained. During dinner, the father told how he runs the household, and the mother only looked at her son.

Bazarov spent very little time at his parents' house, as he was bored. He believed that their attention they interfere with his work. There was a dispute between friends, which almost turned into a quarrel. Arkady tried to prove that it was impossible to live like this, Bazarov did not agree with his opinion.

Parents, having learned about Yevgeny's decision to leave, were very upset, but tried not to show their feelings, especially his father. He reassured his son that if he had to leave, then he had to do it. After leaving, the parents were left alone and were very worried that their son had abandoned them.

On the way, Arkady decided to turn into Nikolskoye. Friends were greeted very coldly. Anna Sergeevna did not go down for a long time, and when she appeared, she had a displeased expression on her face and from her speech it was clear that they were not welcome.

Having met with Odintsova, Bazarov admits his mistakes. They tell each other that they just want to be friends.

Arkady confesses his love to Katya, asks for her hand and she agrees to become his wife. Bazarov says goodbye to his friend, viciously accusing him of being unsuited for decisive matters. Eugene leaves for his parents in the estate.

Living in parental home, Bazarov does not know what to do. Then he begins to help his father, treats the sick. Opening a peasant who died of typhus, he accidentally wounds himself and becomes infected with typhus. A fever begins, he asks to send for Odintsova. Anna Sergeevna arrives and sees a completely different person. Before dying, Eugene tells her about his real feelings, and then dies.

Eugene rejected the love of his parents, rejected his friend, denied feelings. And only at the threshold of death, he was able to understand that he had chosen the wrong behavior in his life. We can't deny what we can't explain. Life is multifaceted.

I. A. Bunin story "The Gentleman from San Francisco"

Is it possible to gain experience without making mistakes? In childhood and adolescence, our parents protect us, advise us in problematic issues. This largely saves us from mistakes, helps to form character, to gain only useful experience in this life, although not everything always goes well. But we understand the real essence of life when we stand on the wing on our own. A more meaningful view of what is happening and a sense of responsibility make big changes in our lives. An adult person makes decisions independently, is responsible for himself, understands from his own experience what life is, seeks his own path through trial and error. To understand the true essence of the problem, one can only experience it for oneself, but it is not known what kind of test and difficulties this will bring, and how a person will be able to cope with it.

In Ivan Alekseevich Bunin's story "The Gentleman from San Francisco", the protagonist has no name. We understand that the author puts a deep meaning into his work. The image of a hero refers to people who make the mistake of postponing their lives for later. A gentleman from San Francisco devoted his whole life to work, he wanted to save enough money, become rich, and then start living. All the experience that the protagonist gained was related to his work. He did not pay attention to family, friends, himself. I can say that he did not pay attention to life, he did not enjoy it. Going on a trip with his family, a gentleman from San Francisco thought that his time was just beginning, but as it turned out, it ended there. His main mistake was that he put off his life for later, devoting himself only to work, and for many years he acquired nothing but wealth. The main character did not put his soul into his own child, did not give love and did not receive it himself. All he achieved was financial success, but he never knew the main thing in his lifetime.

The experience of the protagonist would be invaluable if others learned from his mistakes, but, unfortunately, this does not happen. Many people continue to put off their lives until later, which may never come. And the price for such an experience will be the one and only life.

A. I. Kuprin story "Garnet bracelet"

On the day of her name day, September 17, Vera Nikolaevna was expecting guests. The husband left in the morning on business and had to bring guests for dinner.

Vera Nikolaevna, whose love for her husband has long been reborn into "a feeling of strong, faithful, true friendship”, as she could, supported him, saved, denied herself in many ways.

After dinner everyone except Vera sat down to play poker. She was about to go out onto the terrace when the maid called her. On the table in the office, where both women went, the servant laid out a small package tied with a ribbon, and explained that a messenger had brought it with a request to hand it over to Vera Nikolaevna personally.

Vera found a gold bracelet and a note in the bag. First, she began to examine the decoration. In the center of a low-grade gold bracelet stood out several magnificent garnets, each about the size of a pea. Examining the stones, the birthday girl turned the bracelet, and the stones flared up like "charming deep red living lights." With anxiety, Vera realized that these fires looked like blood.

He congratulated Vera on Angel Day, asked him not to be angry with him for daring to write letters to her a few years ago and expect an answer. He asked to accept as a gift a bracelet, the stones of which belonged to his great-grandmother. From her silver bracelet, he, exactly repeating the location, transferred the stones to the gold one and drew Vera's attention to the fact that no one had yet worn the bracelet. He wrote: “however, I believe that there is no treasure in the whole world worthy of decorating you” and admitted that all that is now left in him is “only reverence, eternal admiration and slavish devotion”, an every minute desire for happiness to the Faith and joy if she is happy.

Vera pondered whether to show the gift to her husband.

On the way to the crew waiting for the general, Anosov talked with Vera and Anna about the fact that he had not met true love in his life. According to him, “love should be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world."

The general asked Vera about what was true in the story told by her husband. And she gladly shared with him: "some madman" pursued her with his love and sent letters even before marriage. The princess also told about the parcel with the letter. In thought, the general noted that it was quite possible that Vera's life was crossed by "a single, all-forgiving, ready for anything, modest and selfless" love that any woman dreams of.

Shein and Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovsky, Vera's husband and brother, paid a visit to her admirer. It turned out to be an official Zheltkov, a man of thirty or thirty-five.Nikolai immediately explained to him the reason for the arrival - with his gift, he crossed the line of patience of Vera's relatives. Zheltkov immediately agreed that he was to blame for the persecution of the princess. Zheltkov asked permission to write a last letter to Vera and promised that the visitors would never hear or see him again. At the request of Vera Nikolaevna, he "as soon as possible" stops "this story."

In the evening, the prince gave his wife the details of the visit to Zheltkov. She was not surprised by what she heard, but was slightly agitated: the princess felt that "this man will kill himself."

The next morning, Vera learned from the newspapers that the official Zheltkov committed suicide due to the waste of state money. All day Sheina thought about the "unknown person", whom she never got to see, not understanding why she foresaw the tragic denouement of his life. She also remembered the words of Anosov about true love, which may have met on her way.

The postman brought Zheltkov's farewell letter. He admitted that he regards love for Vera as a great happiness, that his whole life lies only in the princess. He asked for forgiveness for the fact that “an uncomfortable wedge crashed into Vera’s life”, thanked her simply for the fact that she lives in the world, and said goodbye forever. “I tested myself - this is not a disease, not a manic idea - this is love, which God was pleased to reward me for something. Leaving, I say in delight: “Hallowed be thy name,” he wrote.

After reading the message, Vera told her husband that she would like to go and see the man who loved her. The prince supported this decision.

Vera found an apartment that Zheltkov rented. The landlady came out to meet her, and they started talking. At the request of the princess, the woman told about the last days of Zheltkov, then Vera went into the room where he was lying. The expression on the face of the deceased was so peaceful, as if this man "before parting with life, learned some deep and sweet secret that resolved his entire human life."

At parting, the landlady told Vera that if she suddenly died and a woman came to say goodbye, Zheltkov asked me to tell her that best work Beethoven - he wrote down his name - “L. van Beethoven. Son. No. 2, op. 2. Largo Appassionato.

Vera wept, explaining her tears by the painful "impression of death."

Faith made a major mistake in her life, she missed sincere and strong love, which is very rare.

1. Composition "Experience and mistakes".
   As the ancient Roman philosopher Cicero said: "To err is human." Indeed, it is impossible to live life without making a single mistake. Mistakes can ruin a person's life, even break his soul, but they can also give rich life experience. And let it be common for us to make mistakes, because everyone learns from their own mistakes and sometimes even the mistakes of other people.

   Many literary characters make mistakes, but not all try to correct them. In the play by A.P. Chekhov's "The Cherry Orchard" Ranevskaya makes a mistake, as she refused the proposals for saving the estate that Lopakhin offered her. But still, Ranevskaya can be understood, because by agreeing, she could lose the legacy of the family. I think the main mistake in this work is the destruction of the Cherry Orchard, which is a memory of the life of the past generation, and the result of this is a break in relations. After reading this play, I began to understand that it is necessary to keep the memory of the past, but this is only my opinion, everyone thinks in their own way, but I hope that many will agree that we must protect everything that our ancestors left us.
   I believe that every person should pay for their mistakes and try to correct them at any cost. In the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky's "crime and punishment" character's mistakes cost two innocent lives. Raskolnikov's erroneous plan took the life of Lisa and the unborn child, but this act radically affected the life of the protagonist. Sometimes someone can say that he is a murderer and should not be forgiven, but after reading about his condition after the murder, I began to look at him with a different look. But he paid for his mistakes with himself, and only thanks to Sonya he was able to cope with his mental anguish.
   Speaking of experience and mistakes, the words of the Soviet philologist D.S. Likhachev, who said: “admiring the ability of skaters to correct mistakes during the dance. This is art, great art, ”but there are many more mistakes in life and everyone needs to be able to correct them, immediately and beautifully, because nothing teaches like realizing one’s mistakes.

   Reflecting on the fate of different heroes, we understand that it is the mistakes made and their corrections that are the eternal work on oneself. This search for truth and the pursuit of spiritual harmony lead us to gain real experience and to find happiness. Folk wisdom says: “Only the one who does nothing is not mistaken.”
   Toucan Kostya 11 B
   

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2. Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?
   Let Haruki Murakami's words that "mistakes are like punctuation marks, without which there will be no meaning in life, as well as in the text," be the introduction to my reflection. I saw this saying a long time ago. I re-read it many times. And just now I'm thinking. About what? About my attitude to the mistakes made. Before, I tried to never make mistakes, and I was very ashamed at times when I still stumbled. And now - through the prism of time - I fell in love with every opportunity to make a mistake, because then I can correct myself, which means I will get invaluable experience that will help me in the future.
   Experience is the best teacher! "He takes, however, expensive, but explains intelligibly." It's funny to remember how a year ago I was a child! - I just prayed to heaven that everything would be fine with me: less suffering, fewer mistakes. Now I (although I remained a child) do not understand: whom and why did I ask? And the worst thing is that my requests came true! And here is the first answer, why you need to analyze the mistakes of the past and THINK: everything will backfire.
   

   Answer Delete

3. Let's turn to literature. As you know, in the works of the classics answers are given to questions that concern a person at all times: what is true love, friendship, compassion ... But the classics - they are also visionaries. We were once told in literature that the text is only the "tip of the iceberg". And these words somehow strangely echoed in my soul after a while. I re-read many works - from a different angle! - and instead of the previous veil of misunderstanding, new pictures opened before me: there is philosophy, and irony, and answers to questions, and reasoning about people, and warnings ...
   One of my favorite writers was Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. I love him for the fact that the works are tiny in volume, but capacious in content, moreover, for any life occasion. I like the fact that the teacher at the lessons of literature nurtures in us, the students, the ability to read "between the lines". And Chekhov, without this skill, well, you can’t read at all! For example, the play "The Seagull", my favorite play by Chekhov. I read and re-read avidly, and each time new insights came to me and come. The play "The Seagull" is very sad. There is no usual happy ending. And somehow suddenly - a comedy. It is still a mystery to me why the author defined the genre of the play in this way. Some strange bitter aftertaste was left in me by reading The Seagull. Many heroes are sorry. As I read, I just wanted to shout to some of them: "Come to your senses! What are you doing?!" Or maybe that's why the comedy is that the mistakes of some heroes are too obvious ??? Let's take at least Masha. She suffered from unrequited love for Treplev. Well, why did she have to marry an unloved person and suffer doubly? But now she has to bear this burden for the rest of her life! "Drag your life like an endless train." And immediately the question arises "how would I ...?" What would I have done in Masha's place? She, too, can be understood. She tried to forget her love, tried to go headlong into the household, to devote herself to the child ... But running away from the problem does not mean solving it. Non-reciprocal love needs to be realized, experienced, suffered. And all this alone...
   

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4. He who does not make mistakes does nothing. "Do not make mistakes ... This is the ideal that I aspired to! Well, I got my" ideal "! And what's next? Death in life, that's what I got! Hothouse plant, here , who I almost became! And then I discovered Chekhov's work "The Man in the Case". Belikov, the main character, all the time created a "case" for himself for a comfortable life. But in the end he missed this very life!" If something didn’t work out!” Belikov said. And I wanted to answer him: your life didn’t work out, that’s what!
   Existence is not life. And Belikov left nothing behind, and no one will remember him through the centuries. And how many of these beliks are there now? Fuck it!
   The story is both funny and sad at the same time. And very relevant in our XXI century. Cheerful, because Chekhov uses irony when describing the portrait of Belikov ("always, in any weather, he wore a hat, sweatshirt, galoshes and dark glasses .."), which makes it comical and makes me laugh as a reader. But it makes me sad when I think about my life. What have I done? What did I see? Yes, absolutely nothing! Echoes of the story "The Man in the Case" I find with horror in myself now ... Does it make me think about what I want to leave behind? What is the ultimate goal of my life? What is life anyway? After all, to be dead while alive, to become one of those belikovs, people in a case ... I don’t want to!

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5. Along with Chekhov, I also fell in love with I.A. Bunin. What I like about him is that love has many faces in his stories. This is love for sale, love is a flash, love is a game, and the author also talks about children growing up without love (the story "Beauty"). The end of Bunin's stories is not like the hackneyed "and they lived happily ever after." The author shows different faces of love, building his stories on the principle of antithesis. Love can burn, hurt, and the scars will ache for a long time... But at the same time, love inspires, makes you act, develop morally.
   So, Bunin's stories. All different, different from each other. And the characters are all different. Who I especially like from Bunin's heroes is Olya Meshcherskaya from the story "Light Breath".
   She really burst into life like a whirlwind, experienced a bouquet of feelings: both joy, and sadness, and oblivion, and grief ... All the brightest beginnings burned in her with a flame, and a wide variety of feelings boiled in her blood ... And now they burst out ! How much love for the world, how much childish purity and naivety, how much beauty this Olya carried in herself! Bunin opened my eyes. He showed what a girl really should be. There is no theatricality in movements, words ... No mannerisms and affectation. Everything is simple, everything is natural. Indeed, easy breathing... Looking at myself, I understand that I often play a trick and wear a mask of "ideal myself". But ideal something, they do not exist! There is beauty in nature. And the story "Easy breathing" confirms these words.
   

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6. I could (and I would like to!) reflect on many more works of Russian and foreign, as well as modern classics... We can talk about this forever, but... Opportunities do not allow. I can only say that I am infinitely glad, because the teacher nurtured in us, students, the ability to selectively approach the choice of literature, to be more reverent about the word and love books. And the books contain centuries-old experience that will help the young reader grow up as a Man with a capital letter, who knows the history of his people, not to become ignorant, and most importantly, to be a thoughtful person who knows how to foresee the consequences. After all, "if you made a mistake and did not realize it, then you made two mistakes." Of course, they are punctuation marks that cannot be dispensed with, but if there are too many of them, there will be no point in life, as well as in the text!
   

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   What a pity that there is no rating above 5 ... I read and think: my work has responded in children ... Many, many children ... You have grown. very. Just yesterday I wanted to tell you, addressing by my last name (namely, by my last name, because you get nervous every time, but it makes me laugh so much! Why? only beautiful, you are also smart. Smolina, you are not only smart, you are also beautiful." In my work I saw a thinker, a deep thinker!

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As the saying goes, "Man learns from his mistakes." This proverb is known to everyone. But there is also another famous proverb“The smart one learns from the mistakes of others, and the stupid one learns from his own.” The writers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have left us a rich cultural heritage. From their works, from the mistakes and experience of their heroes, we can learn important things that will help us in the future, having knowledge, not to commit unnecessary actions.
Each person strives in his life for happiness at the family hearth and all his life he is looking for his “soul mate”. But it often happens that feelings are deceptive, not mutual, not constant, and a person becomes unhappy. The writers, perfectly understanding the problem of unhappy love, have written a large number of works that reveal various facets of love, true love. One of the writers who revealed this topic was Ivan Bunin. The collection of short stories "Dark Alleys" contains stories whose stories are vital and relevant for consideration. modern man. I liked the story "Light Breath" the most. It reveals such a feeling as nascent love. At first glance, it may seem that Olya Meshcherskaya is an arrogant and proud girl who, at fifteen, wants to appear older and therefore goes to bed with her father's friend. The boss wants to reason with her, to prove to her that she is still a girl and should dress and behave accordingly.
But it's really not like that. How can Olya, who is loved by the younger classes, be arrogant and arrogant? Children cannot be deceived, they see the sincerity of Olya and her behavior. But what about the rumors that she is windy, that she is in love with a schoolboy and is changeable with him? But these are just rumors spread by girls who are jealous of Olya's grace and natural beauty. The behavior of the head of the gymnasium is similar. She lived a long, but gray life, in which there were no joys and happiness. Now she looks youthful, with silver hair, and loves to knit. She is contrasted with Olya's eventful and bright, joyful moments. Also, the antithesis is the natural beauty of Meshcherskaya and the "youthfulness" of the boss. Because of this, a conflict flares up between them. The boss wants Olya to remove her "female" hairstyle and behave more worthily. But Olya feels that her life will be bright, that in her life there will definitely be happy, true love. She does not respond rudely to the boss, but behaves gracefully, in an aristocratic way. Olya does not notice this female envy and does not wish the boss anything bad.
The love of Olya Meshcherskaya was only in its infancy, but did not have time to open up due to her death. For myself, I learned the following lesson: it is necessary to develop love in yourself and show it in life, but be careful not to cross the line that will lead to sad consequences.

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Another writer who revealed the theme of love is Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. I would like to consider his work "The Cherry Orchard". Here I can divide all the characters into three categories: Ranevskaya, Lopakhin and Olya with Petya. Ranevskaya personifies in the play the noble aristocratic past of Russia: She can enjoy the beauty of the garden and not think about whether it benefits her or not. She has such qualities as mercy, nobility, sincere generosity, generosity and kindness. She still loves her chosen one, who betrayed her once. For her, the cherry orchard is a home, memory, connection with generations, memories from childhood. Ranevskaya does not care about the material side of life (she is wasteful and does not know how to conduct business and make decisions on pressing problems). Ranevskaya is characterized by sensitivity and spirituality. By her example, I can learn mercy and spiritual beauty.
Lopakhin, who personifies in the work modern Russia inherent love of money. He works in a bank and tries to find a source of profit in everything. He is practical, hardworking and energetic, achieves his goal. However, the love of money did not ruin human feelings in him: he is sincere, grateful, understanding. He has a gentle soul. For him, the garden is no longer cherry, but cherry, a source of profit, and not aesthetic pleasure, a means for obtaining material benefits, and not a symbol of memory and connection with generations. On his example, I can learn to develop spiritual qualities first, and not love for money, which can easily ruin the human element in people.
Anya and Petya personify the future of Russia, which frightens the reader. They talk a lot, but they are not carried away by anything, they strive for an ephemeral future, radiant but barren, and a wonderful life. They easily let go of what they do not need (in their opinion). They are not at all worried about the fate of the garden, or anything. They can be called with confidence Ivans, who do not remember kinship. By their example, I can learn to appreciate the monuments of the past and keep the connection of generations. I can also learn that if you're aiming for a brighter future, then you need to make an effort, and not engage in chatter.
As you can see, there are many useful life lessons and experiences that can be learned from the works of writers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which in the future will insulate us from mistakes that can deprive us of joy and happiness in life.

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Each of us makes mistakes and receives a life lesson, and often a person regrets and tries to correct what happened, but, alas, it is impossible to turn back the clock. To avoid in the future, you need to learn how to analyze them. In many works of world fiction, classics touch on this topic.
In the work of Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”, Yevgeny Bazarov is by nature a nihilist, a person with completely unusual views for people who denies all the values ​​of society. He refutes all the thoughts of the people around him, including his family and the Kirsanov family. Repeatedly, Yevgeny Bazarov also noted his convictions, firmly believing in them and not taking into account anyone's words: “a decent chemist is twenty times more useful than any poet”, “nature is nothing ... Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it. This was the only way his life was built. But is it true what the hero thinks? This is his experience and mistakes. At the end of the work, everything that Bazarov so believed in, that he was strongly convinced of, all his life views, are refuted by him.
Another striking example is the hero from Ivan Antonovich Bunin's story "The Gentleman from San Francisco". In the center of the story is a gentleman from San Francisco, who decided to reward himself for his long work. At the age of 58, the old man decided to start a new life: "He hoped to enjoy the sun of southern Italy, the monuments of antiquity." All the time he spent only on work, pushing aside many important parts of life, leading the most valuable thing - money. It was a pleasure for him to drink chocolate, wine, take baths, read newspapers every day. So, he made a mistake and paid for it at the cost of his own life. As a result, equipped with wealth and gold, the gentleman dies in the hotel, in the worst, smallest and dampest room. The thirst to satiate and satisfy one's needs, in the desire to rest after the past years and start life anew, turn out to be a tragic end for the hero.
Thus, the authors, through their heroes, show us, future generations, experience and mistakes, and we, the readers, should be grateful for the wisdom and examples that the writer sets before us. After reading these works, you should pay attention to the outcome of the lives of the heroes and follow the right path. But, of course, the personal lessons of life have a much better effect on us. As the well-known proverb says: “Learn from mistakes”.
Mikheev Alexander

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Part 1 - Osipov Timur
Composition on the topic “Experience and mistakes”
People make mistakes, that's our nature. Smart is not the one who does not make mistakes, but the one who learns from his mistakes. Mistakes are what help us move on, taking into account all past circumstances, each time developing more and more, accumulating more and more experience and knowledge.
Fortunately, many writers have touched on this topic in their works, deeply revealing it and passing on their experience to us. For example, let's turn to the story of I.A. Bunin "Antonov apples". “The cherished alleys of noble nests”, these words of Turgenev perfectly reflect the content of this work. The author recreates the world of the Russian estate in his head. He mourns the past. Bunin so realistically and closely conveys his feelings through sounds and smells that this story can be called "fragrant". “The fragrant smell of straw, fallen leaves, mushroom dampness” and of course the smell Antonov apples, which become a symbol of Russian landowners. Everything was good in those days, contentment, homeliness, well-being. The estates were built reliably and forever, the landowners hunted in velvet trousers, people walked in clean white shirts, indestructible boots with horseshoes, even the old people were “tall, big, white as a harrier”. But all this fades with time, ruin comes, everything is no longer so beautiful. Only the subtle smell of Antonov apples remains from the old world ... Bunin is trying to convey to us that we need to keep in touch between times and generations, preserve the memory and culture of the old time, and also love our country as much as he does.

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Part 2 - Timur Osipov
I would also like to touch upon the work of A.P. Chekhov “The Cherry Orchard”. It also tells about the landowner's life. Actors can be divided into 3 categories. The older generation is the Ranevskys. They are people of the outgoing noble era. They are characterized by mercy, generosity, subtlety of the soul, as well as extravagance, narrow-mindedness, inability and unwillingness to solve pressing problems. The attitude of the characters to the cherry orchard shows the problem of the whole work. For the Ranevskys, this is a legacy, the origins of childhood, beauty, happiness, a connection with the past. Next comes the generation of the present, which is represented by Lopakhin, a practical, enterprising, energetic and hard-working person. He sees the garden as a source of income, for him it is more cherry, not cherry. And finally, the last group, the generation of the future - Petya and Anya. They tend to strive for a bright future, but their dreams are mostly fruitless, words for words, about everything and nothing. For the Ranevskys, the garden is all of Russia, and for them all of Russia is a garden. This shows the very incorporeality of their dreams. Such are the differences between the three generations, and again, why are they so great? Why so many disagreements? Why does the cherry orchard have to die? His death is the destruction of the beauty and memory of the ancestors, the ruin of the native hearth, it is impossible to cut the roots of a still blooming and living garden, punishment will certainly follow.
We can conclude that mistakes should be avoided, because their consequences can be tragic. And after making mistakes, you need to use it to your advantage, learn from this experience for the future and pass it on to others.

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For Lopakhin, the (real) cherry orchard is a source of income. “... The only remarkable thing about this garden is that it is very large. Cherry is born every two years, and even that has nowhere to go. Nobody is buying... Yermolai looks at the garden from the point of view of enrichment. He busily offers Ranevskaya and Gaev to break the estate into summer cottages, and cut down the garden.
Reading the work, we involuntarily ask ourselves questions: is it possible to save the garden? Who is to blame for the death of the garden? Is there no bright future? The author himself answers the first question: it is possible. The whole tragedy lies in the fact that the owners of the garden are not able, by the nature of their character, to save and continue the garden to bloom and smell fragrant. There is only one answer to the question of guilt: everyone is guilty.
…Is there no bright future……?
This question is already being asked by the author to readers, which is why I will answer this question. A bright future is always a lot of work. These are not beautiful speeches, not a representation of an ephemeral future, but this is perseverance and the solution of serious problems. This is the ability to bear responsibility, the ability to respect the traditions and customs of the ancestors. The ability to fight for what is dear to you.
The play "The Cherry Orchard" shows unforgivable mistakes heroes. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov gives us the opportunity to analyze so that we, young readers, have experience. This is a deplorable mistake for our heroes, but the appearance of understanding, experience among readers in order to save a fragile future.
The second work for analysis, I would like to take Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin "Women's Conversation". Why did I choose this particular story? Probably because in the future I will become a mother. I will have to grow from little man- Human.
Even now, looking at the world through children's eyes, I already understand what is good and what is bad. I see examples of parenting, or lack thereof. As a teenager, I have to set an example for the younger ones.
But what I wrote earlier is the influence of parents, family. This is the influence of education. The impact of observing traditions and, of course, respect. This is the work of my close people, which will not be in vain. Vika does not have the opportunity to know the love and significance for her parents. “In the village with her grandmother in the middle of winter, Vika was not of her own free will. I had to have an abortion at the age of sixteen. I contacted the company, and with the company at least to the devil on the horns. She dropped out of school, began to disappear from home, spun, spun ... while they missed, they snatched the already baited carousel out of the carousel, already shouting the guard.
“In the village, not of their own free will ...” it’s insulting, unpleasant. Shame on Vika. Sixteen years is still a child in need of parental attention. If there is no attention from parents, then the child will look for this very attention on the side. And no one will explain to a child whether it is good to become another link in a company in which there is only "to the devil on the horns." It is unpleasant to understand that Vika was exiled to her grandmother. “... and then my father harnessed his old Niva, and, until she came to her senses, to her grandmother for deportation, for re-education.” Problems committed not so much by the child as by the parents. They didn't see, they didn't explain! After all, it’s true, it’s easier to send Vika to her grandmother so that she is not ashamed of her child. Let all the responsibility for what happened rest on the strong shoulders of Natalia.
For me, the story “Women's Conversation” first of all shows what kind of parents you should never be. Shows all irresponsibility and carelessness. It is terrible that Rasputin, looking through the prism of time, described what is still happening. Many modern teenagers lead a wild life, although some are not even fourteen.
I hope that the experience learned from Vika's family will not become the basis for building her own life. I hope that she will become a loving mother, and then a sensitive grandmother.
And the last, final question I will ask myself: is there a connection between experience and mistakes?
"Experience is the son of difficult mistakes" (A. S. Pushkin) Do not be afraid to make mistakes, because they harden us. Analyzing them, we become smarter, morally stronger ... or, in other words, we acquire wisdom.

Maria Dorozhkina

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Each person sets goals for himself. All our life we ​​try to achieve these goals. It can be difficult and people endure these difficulties in different ways, if someone doesn’t succeed, they immediately drop everything and give up, while someone sets new goals for themselves and achieves them, taking into account their past mistakes and possibly the mistakes and experience of other people. It seems to me that in some part the meaning of life is the achievement of one's goals, that one cannot give up and one must go to the end, taking into account the mistakes of one's own and others. Experience and mistakes are present in many works, I will take two works, the first is Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard.

I think that it is necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past in order to prevent the same mistakes from happening again. Experience is very important and at least "learn from mistakes." I don’t think it’s right to make mistakes that someone has already made, since you can avoid this and figure out how to do it so as not to commit the same thing that our ancestors did. Writers in their stories are trying to convey to us that experience is built on mistakes, and that we gain experience without making the same mistakes.

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"There are no mistakes, the events that invade our lives, whatever they may be, are necessary for us to learn what we need to learn." Richard Bach
Often we make mistakes in certain situations, whether they are small or serious, but how often do we notice this? Is it important to notice them so as not to step on the same rake. Perhaps each of us thought about what would happen if he acted differently, is it important that he stumbled, will he learn a lesson? After all, our mistakes are an integral part of our experience, life path and our future. It's one thing to make mistakes, but it's quite another to try to correct your mistakes.
In A.P. Chekhov's story "The Man in the Case", the teacher of the Greek language Belikov appears before us as an outcast of society and a lost soul with a life lived in vain. Case, closeness, all those missed moments and even your own happiness - a wedding. The boundaries that he created for himself were his "cage" and the mistake he made, the "cage" in which he locked himself. Fearing "no matter what happens," he did not even notice how quickly his life full of loneliness, fear and paranoia passed.
In A.P. Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard" is a play in the light for today. In it, the author reveals to us all the poetry and richness of aristocratic life. The image of the cherry orchard is a symbol of the outgoing noble life. It was not in vain that Chekhov connected this work with the cherry orchard, through this connection we can feel a certain conflict of generations. On the one hand, people like Lopakhin, who are not able to feel beauty, for them this garden is only a means of obtaining material benefits. On the other hand, Ranevskaya - types of a truly noble way of life, for whom this garden is a source of memories of childhood, hot youth, connection with generations, something more than just a garden. In this work, the author tries to convey to us that moral qualities are much more valuable than the love of money, or dreams of an ephemeral future.
Another example is the story of I. A. Bunin "Easy breathing". Where the author showed an example of a tragic mistake made by a fifteen-year-old gymnasium student Olga Meshcherskaya. Her short life reminds the author of the life of a butterfly - short and easy. The story uses the antithesis between the life of Olga and the head of the gymnasium. The author compares the lives of these people, which, but rich in every day, full of happiness and childishness of Olya Meshcherskaya, and the long, but boring life of the head of the gymnasium, who envies Olya's happiness and well-being. However, Olya made a tragic mistake, with her inaction and frivolity, she lost her innocence with her father's friend and brother of the head of the gymnasium, Alexei Malyutin. Finding no justification and appeasement, she forced her officer to be killed. In this work, I was struck by the insignificance of the soul and the complete absence of masculine morality of Milyutin, she is just a girl whom he had to protect and guide on the true path, because this is the daughter of your friend
Well, the last work that I would like to take is "Antonov apples", where the author warns us not to make one mistake - we forget about our connection with generations, about our homeland, about our past. The author conveys the atmosphere of old Russia, abundant life, landscape sketches and musical evangelism. Prosperity and domesticity of village life, symbols of the Russian hearth. The smell of rye straw, tar, the aroma of fallen leaves, mushroom dampness and lime flowers.
The authors are trying to convey that life without mistakes is impossible, the more you realize and try to correct your mistakes, the more wisdom and life experience you will accumulate, we must remember and honor Russian traditions, protect natural monuments and the memory of bygone generations.

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But the future generation does not at all inspire optimism in Chekhov. "Eternal student" Petya Trofimov. The hero has an inherent desire for a wonderful future, but everyone can learn to speak beautifully, but Trofimov is not able to back up his words with actions. He is not interested in the Cherry Orchard, and this is not the worst thing. More frightening is that he imposes his views on the still “clean” Anya. The attitude of the author to such a person is unambiguously - "klutz".

This extravagance and inability to accept, to solve the problem of the past generation led to the loss of the key to beauty and memories, and on the other hand, the obstinacy and perseverance of the present generation instilled in the loss of an amazing garden, in the departure of the entire noble era, because Lopakhin, in fact, cut down the root, then what this era was based on. The author warns us, because with the change of generation, the wonderful feeling of seeing beauty weakens, and then completely disappears. There is a degradation of the soul, people begin to appreciate material values, and less and less something elegant and beautiful, less and less the value of our ancestors, grandfathers and fathers.

Another wonderful work is “Antonov apples” by I.A. Bunin. The writer tells about peasant, noble life and in every possible way fills his "fragrant story" with various ways of conveying that atmosphere, those unique smells, sounds, colors. The narration comes from the perspective of Bunin himself. The author shows, reveals our Motherland in all its colors and manifestations.

The prosperity of the peasant society has been demonstrated to the reader in many aspects. The village of Vyselki is an excellent proof of this. Those old men and women who lived very long, white and tall as a harrier. That atmosphere of a native hearth that reigned in peasant houses, with a warming samovar and a stove burning black. This is a demonstration of the contentment and wealth of the peasants. People appreciated and enjoyed life, the unique smells and sounds of nature. And to match the old people there were also houses built by grandfathers, brick, durable, for centuries. But what about that peasant who poured apples and who ate them so juicy, with a bang, famously, one after another, and then at night he will carelessly, gloriously lie on the cart, look at the starry sky, feel the unforgettable smell of tar in the fresh air and, maybe he'll fall asleep with a smile on his face.

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The author warns us, because with the change of generation, the wonderful feeling of seeing beauty weakens, and then completely disappears. There is a degradation of the soul, people begin to appreciate material values, and less and less something elegant and beautiful, less and less the value of our ancestors, grandfathers and fathers. Bunin teaches us to love our Motherland, in this work he shows all the indescribable beauty of our Fatherland. And it is important for him that, through the prism of time, the memory of a bygone culture is not dispelled, but preserved "Seryozha, a wonderful essay! It reveals a good knowledge of the text by you. there is NO CONCLUSION, clearly formulated, NO!!! I specifically singled out those parts of the essay, because it is here that the "grain". The question in the subject is "why?" So write it! It is necessary .... to save ... learn to appreciate ... don't lose... don't turn...

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Rewritten introduction and conclusion.

Introduction: The book is an invaluable source of the wisdom of unique writers. Warning and warning us, the modern and future generation, through the mistakes of their heroes, was one of the main messages of their work. Mistakes are common to absolutely all people on earth. Everyone makes mistakes, but not everyone tries to analyze their mistakes and extract the “grain” from them, and in fact, thanks to this understanding of their own mistakes, the path to a happy life opens.

Conclusion: In conclusion, I would like to note that the modern generation needs to appreciate the creations of writers. By reading works, a thoughtful reader draws and accumulates the necessary experience, acquires wisdom, over time, the treasury of knowledge about life grows, and the reader must pass on the accumulated experience to others. The English scholar Coleridge calls such readers "diamonds" because they are actually very rare. But it is precisely thanks to this approach that society will learn from the mistakes of the past, and benefit from the mistakes of the past. People will make fewer mistakes, and more wise people will appear in society. And wisdom is the key to a happy life.

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The life of the nobility differed significantly from the peasant, serfdom still felt, despite the cancellation. In the estate of Anna Gerasimovna, entering, first of all, various smells are heard. They are not felt, but heard, that is, they are recognized by sensation, an amazing quality. The smells of an old mahogany medal, dried lime blossom, which has been lying on the windows since June ... It's hard for the reader to believe this, a truly poetic nature is capable of it! The wealth and prosperity of the nobles is manifested at least in their dinner, an amazing dinner: all through pink boiled ham with peas, stuffed chicken, turkey, marinades and red, strong and sweet-sweet kvass. But there is a desolation of estate life, cozy noble nests are disintegrating, and such estates as Anna Gerasimovna's are becoming less and less.

But in the estate of Arseny Semenych, the situation is completely different. An insane scene: a greyhound climbs onto the table and begins to devour the remains of a hare, and suddenly the owner of the estate comes out of the office and fires a shot at his pet, playing with his eyes, with sparkling eyes, with excitement. And then in a silk shirt, velvet trousers and long boots, which is a direct proof of wealth and prosperity, he goes hunting. And hunting is the place where you give free rein to your emotions, you are seized by excitement, passion and you feel almost one with the horse. You come back all wet and trembling with tension, and on the way back you smell the forest: mushroom dampness, rotted leaves and wet wood. The scents are irresistible...

Bunin teaches us to love our Motherland, in this work he shows all the indescribable beauty of our Fatherland. And it is important for him that, through the prism of time, the memory of a bygone culture is not dispelled, but preserved, and remembered for a long time. The old world is gone forever, and only the subtle smell of Antonov apples remains.

In conclusion, I would like to note that these works are not the only options for demonstrating that culture, that life of the past generation, there are other creations of writers. Generations change, and only memory remains. Through such stories, the reader learns to remember, honor and love his Motherland in all its manifestations. And the future is built on the mistakes of the past.

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Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past? I think a lot of people are thinking about this issue. Every person makes mistakes, a person cannot live life without making a mistake. But we must learn to think about the mistake and not make it in later life. As they say in the common people: "You need to learn from mistakes." Everyone should learn from their own and others' mistakes.


In conclusion, I want to say that a person can feel very bad because of a mistake he made, he can think about committing suicide, but this is not an option. Each person is simply obliged to understand what he did wrong or someone did wrong, so that in the future he would not repeat these mistakes.

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Finally. Seryozha, finish writing the introduction, since the answer "why?" is not formulated. In this regard, the conclusion needs to be strengthened. And the volume is not sustained (at least 350 words). In this form, the essay (be it an exam) will not pass. Please take the time to finish. You are welcome...

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An essay on the topic “Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?”
Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past? I think a lot of people are thinking about this issue. Every person makes mistakes, a person cannot live life without making a mistake. But we must learn to think about the mistake and not make it in later life. As they say in the common people: "You need to learn from mistakes." Everyone should learn from their own and others' mistakes. After all, if a person does not learn to think about all the mistakes made, then in the future he will, as they say, “step on a rake” and will constantly make them. But, because of mistakes, each person can lose everything, from the most important to the most unnecessary. You always need to think ahead, think about the consequences, but if a mistake is already made, you need to analyze it and never make it again.
For example, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov in his play "The Cherry Orchard" describes the image of the garden - a symbol of the outgoing noble life. The author tries to tell that the memory of the past generation is important. Ranevskaya Lyubov Andreevna tried to preserve the memory of the past generation, the memory of her family - the cherry orchard. And only when the garden was gone, she realized that with the cherry orchard all memories of the family, of her past, had gone.
Also, A.P. Chekhov describes the mistake in the story "The Man in the Case". This mistake is expressed in the fact that Belikov, the main character of the story, closes himself from society. He is like in a case, is an outcast of society. His closeness does not allow you to find happiness in life. And thus, the hero lives his lonely life, in which there is no happiness.
Another work that can be cited as an example is “Antonov apples” written by I.A. Bunin. The author describes all the beauty of nature on his own behalf: smells, sounds, colors. However, Olga Meshcherskaya makes a tragic mistake. A girl of fifteen was a frivolous, cloud-flying girl who did not think she was losing her innocence with her father's friend.
There is another novel in which the author describes the hero's mistake. But the hero understands in time and corrects his mistake. This is a novel by Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy "War and Peace". Andrei Bolkonsky makes the mistake of misunderstanding the values ​​of life. He dreams only of fame, thinks only of himself. But one fine moment, on the field of Austerlitz, his idol Napoleon Bonaparte becomes nothing for him. The voice is no longer great, but like a "buzz of a fly." This was a turning point in the life of the prince, he nevertheless realized the main values ​​​​in life. He realized the mistake.
In conclusion, I want to say that a person can feel very bad because of a mistake he made, he can think about committing suicide, but this is not an option. Each person is simply obliged to understand what he did wrong or someone did wrong, so that in the future he would not repeat these mistakes. The world is built in such a way that no matter how much we want, no matter what we do, mistakes will always be made, you just need to come to terms with it. But there will be fewer of them if you think through actions in advance.

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Seryozha, read carefully what he wrote: “Another work that can be cited as an example is “Antonov apples” written by I.A. Bunin. The author describes all the beauty of nature on his own behalf: smells, sounds, colors. However, he makes a tragic mistake Olga Meshcherskaya. A fifteen-year-old girl was a frivolous, cloud-flying girl who, I don’t think, loses her innocence with her father’s friend "- THESE ARE TWO DIFFERENT (!) WORKS OF AND, BUNIN:" ANTONOVSKIY APPLES "WHERE IT IS ABOUT SMELLS, SOUNDS, AND" EASY BREATH" ABOUT OLIA MESHERSKAYA!!! Do you get it as one? There is no transition in the reasoning, and one gets the impression that the porridge is in the head. Why? Because the sentence begins with the linking word "however". VERY poor work. There is no complete conclusion, only weak outlines. The conclusion according to Chekhov - do not cut down the garden - this is the destruction of the memory of the ancestors, the beauty of the world. This will lead to internal devastation of a person. Here is the output. Bolkonsky's mistakes are an experience of rethinking oneself. And the opportunity to change. here is the output. etc. etc.... 3 ------

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PART 1
Many say that the past should be forgotten and everything that happened should be left there: “they say that it was, it was” or “why remember” ... BUT! They are wrong! in previous centuries, centuries, a large number various kinds figures have made a huge contribution to the life and existence of the country. do you think they were wrong? Of course, they were wrong, but they learned from their own mistakes, changed something, undertook, and everything worked out for them. The question arises: since it was in the past, can we forget about it, or what to do with all this? NO! Thanks to various types of mistakes, actions in the past, now we have a present and a future. (Perhaps not the way we would like the present, but it is, and it is exactly like this, because much is left behind. The so-called experience of past years.) We must remember and respect the traditions of past years, because this is our History.
Through the prism of time, most writers, and they seem to foresee that little will change over time: the problems of the past will remain similar to the present, in their works they try to teach the reader to think deeper, analyze the text and what is hidden under it. All this in order to avoid similar situations and gain life experience without passing it through your own life. What are the errors concealed in several of the works I have read and analyzed?
The first work I would like to start with is a play by A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard". You can find enough different problems in it, but I will focus on two: a break in the connection between a generation and a person’s life path. The image of the cherry orchard symbolizes the noble era. It is impossible to cut the roots of a still blooming and beautiful garden, this will certainly be followed by retribution - for unconsciousness and betrayal of the ancestors. The garden is a tiny subject of memory of the life of the past generation. You might be thinking, “I found something to be upset about. This garden surrendered to you, ”and so on. And what would happen if instead of this garden they razed the city, the village to the ground?? According to the author, the felling of the cherry orchard means the collapse of the homeland of the nobles. For the protagonist of the play, Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, this garden was not only a garden of beauty, but also memories: childhood, home, youth. Such heroes as Lyubov Andreevna have a pure and bright soul, generosity and mercy ... Andreevna's love had: wealth, and a family, and a happy life, and a cherry orchard .. But at one moment she lost everything. The husband died, the son drowned, two daughters remained. She fell in love with a man with whom she is clearly unhappy, because knowing that he used her, she will return to him in France again: “And what is there to hide or be silent, I love him, that's clear. I love, I love ... This is a stone on my neck, I go to the bottom with it, but I love this stone and cannot live without it. Also, she carelessly squandered her entire fortune “she had nothing left, nothing ..” “yesterday there was a lot of money, and today there is very little. My poor Varya feeds everyone with milk soup out of economy, and I spend so senselessly ... ”Her mistake was that she did not know how, and she had no desire to solve pressing problems, to stop spending, she did not know how to manage money, she did not know how EARN them. The garden needs care, but there was no money for it, as a result of which, retribution came: the cherry orchard was sold and cut down. As you know, it is necessary to properly manage money, otherwise you can lose everything to the last penny.

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"Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?"

“A person learns from mistakes” - I think this proverb is familiar to everyone. But few of us have thought about how much content and how much life wisdom is in this proverb? After all, this is indeed very true. Unfortunately, we are arranged in such a way that until we see everything ourselves, until we ourselves find ourselves in a difficult situation, we will almost never draw the right conclusions for ourselves. Therefore, when making a mistake, you need to draw conclusions for yourself, but you can’t be wrong in everything, so you need to pay attention to the mistakes of others and draw conclusions by following their mistakes. Experience and mistakes are present in many works, I will take two works, the first is Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard.
The cherry orchard is a symbol noble Russia. The final scene, when the ax “sounds”, symbolizes the collapse of the noble nests, the departure of the Russian nobles. For Ranevskaya, the knock of an ax is like the finale of her whole life, since this garden was dear to her, it was her life. But also the cherry orchard is a wonderful creation of nature, which people should save, but they could not do it. The garden is the experience of previous generations and Lopakhin destroyed it, for which he will be punished. The image of the cherry orchard involuntarily connects the past with the present.
Antonov apples is a work by Bunin, in which there is a similar story as in a work by Chekhov. Cherry orchard and the sound of an ax at Chekhov, and Antonov apples and the smell of apples at Bunin. With this work, the author wanted to tell us about the need to connect times and generations, to preserve the memory of a bygone culture. All the beauty of the work is replaced by greed and greed.
These two works are very close in content, but at the same time very different. And if in our life we ​​learn how to correctly use works, proverbs, folk wisdom. Then we will learn not only from our own, but also from other people's mistakes, but at the same time live with our own mind, and not rely on the minds of others, everything in our life will be better, and we will easily overcome all life's obstacles.

This is a rewritten essay.

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ANASTASIA KALMUTSKA! PART 1.
An essay on the topic “Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?”
Mistakes are an integral part of everyone's life. No matter how prudent, attentive, painstaking, everyone makes various mistakes. It can be like an accidentally broken mug, or a wrongly spoken word at a very important meeting. It would seem, why does such a thing as "error" exist? She only brings people trouble and makes them feel stupid and uncomfortable. But! mistakes teach us. They teach life, they teach who to be and how to act, they teach everything. Another thing is how each person individually perceives these lessons ...
So what about me? You can learn from mistakes both from your own experience and from watching other people. I think that it is important to be able to combine both the experience of your life and the experience of observing others, because a great many people live in the world, and it is very stupid to judge only from the side of your actions. The other person could do something completely different, right? Therefore, I try to look at different situations from different angles so that I get a diverse experience from these mistakes.
In fact, there is another way to gain experience based on mistakes made. Literature. The Eternal Teacher of Man. Books convey the knowledge and experience of their authors through ten or even centuries, so that we, yes, it is we, each of us, went through that experience in a couple of hours of reading, while the writer gained it in his entire life. Why? And so that in the future people do not repeat the mistakes of the past, so that people finally start learning and not forget this knowledge.
To better reveal the meaning of these words, let us turn to our Teacher.
The first work that I would like to take is Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's play The Cherry Orchard. Here, all events unfold around and about the Ranevsky cherry orchard. This cherry orchard is a family treasure, a treasure trove of memories from childhood, youth and adult life, a treasure trove of memory, experience of past years. What will lead to a different attitude towards this garden? ..

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ANASTASIA KALMUTSKA! PART 2.
If, as a rule, works of art we often meet two conflicting generations, or the rupture of one into “two fronts,” then in this one the reader observes as many as three completely different generations. The representative of the first is Ranevskaya Lyubov Andreevna. She is a noblewoman of the already outgoing landlord era; by nature, she is incredibly kind, merciful, but no less noble, but very wasteful, a little stupid and completely frivolous in relation to pressing problems. She represents the past. The second is Lopakhin Ermolai Alekseevich. He is very active, energetic, hardworking and enterprising, but also understanding and sincere. He represents the present. And the third - Anya Ranevskaya and Pyotr Sergeevich Trofimov. These young people are dreamy, sincere, look to the future with optimism and hope and think about the affairs of the day, while ... they do absolutely nothing to achieve anything. They represent the future. A future that has no future.
Just as the ideals of these people are different, so is their attitude to the garden. For Ranevskaya, he, for all intents and purposes, is the same cherry orchard, a garden planted for the cherry, a beautiful tree that blooms unforgettably and beautifully, about which it is written above. For Trofimov, this garden is already cherry, that is, it is planted for cherries, berries, for its collection and, probably, further sale, a garden for money, a garden for material wealth. As for Anya and Petya... For them, the garden means nothing. They, especially the “eternal student,” can endlessly beautifully talk about the purpose of the garden, its fate, its meaning ... only now they don’t care whether something will happen to the garden or not, they just want to leave here as soon as possible. After all, “all of Russia is our garden,” right? After all, you can just leave every time, as a new place gets tired or is on the verge of death, the fate of the garden is completely indifferent to the future ...
The garden is a memory, an experience of the past. The past cherishes them. The present is trying to use for the sake of money or, to be more precise, to destroy. But the future doesn't care.

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ANASTASIA KALMUTSKA! PART 3
At the end, the cherry orchard is cut down. The sound of an ax is heard like thunder ... Thus, the reader concludes that memory is an irreplaceable wealth, that apple of an eye, without which a person, country, world is waiting for emptiness.
I would also like to consider "Antonov apples" by Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. This story is a story of images. Images of the motherland, Fatherland, peasant and landlord life, between which there was almost no difference, images of wealth, spiritual and material, images of love and nature. The story is filled with warm and vivid memories of the protagonist, the memory of a happy peasant life! But we know from history courses that for the most part the peasants did not live the most in the best way, but it is here, it is in the "Antonov apples" that I see the real Russia. Happy, rich, hard-working, cheerful, bright and juicy, like a fresh, beautiful yellow bulk apple. Only now ... the story ends on very sad notes and the dreary song of local men ... After all, these images are just a memory, and it is far from a fact that the present is just as sincere, pure and bright. But what could happen to the present?.. Why is life not as joyful as it was before?.. This story at the end carries understatement and some sadness for the already departed. But it's very important to remember this. It is very important to know and believe that not only the past can be beautiful, but that we ourselves can change the present for the better.
So, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary and important to remember the past, to remember the mistakes made, so as not to repeat them in the future and present. Except… can people really learn from their mistakes? Yes, it is necessary, but are people really capable of it? This is the question I asked myself after reading. classical literature. Why? Because the works written in the 19th-20th centuries reflect the problems of that time: immorality, greed, stupidity, selfishness, depreciation of love, laziness and many other vices, but the bottom line is that after a hundred, two hundred or three hundred years ... nothing has changed. All the same problems are facing society, all the same sins people succumb to, everything has remained at the same level.
So, is humanity really capable of learning from its mistakes?..

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An essay about
"Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?"

I would like to start my essay with a quote from Lawrence Peter: “To avoid mistakes, you need to gain experience, to gain experience, you need to make mistakes.” You can't live life without making mistakes. Each person lives life in their own way. All people have different characters, a certain upbringing, different education, different living conditions, and sometimes what seems like a big mistake to one person is quite normal for another. That is why everyone learns from their own mistakes. It’s bad when you do something without thinking, relying only on the feelings that are overwhelming you at the moment. In such situations, you often make mistakes that you will later regret.
Of course, one must listen to the advice of adults, read books, analyze the actions of literary heroes, draw conclusions and try to learn from the mistakes of others, but alas, they learn most convincingly and most painfully from their own mistakes. It's good if you can fix something, but sometimes our actions lead to serious, irreversible consequences. Whatever happens to me, I try to comprehend, weigh all the pros and cons, and then only make decisions. There is a saying, "The one who does nothing makes no mistakes." I do not agree with this, because idleness is already a mistake. In confirmation of my words, I want to turn to the work of A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard". Ranevskaya's behavior seems strange to me: what is so dear to her is dying. “I love this house, I don’t understand my life without a cherry orchard, and if you really need to sell it, then sell me along with the garden ...” But instead of doing something to save the estate, she indulges in sentimental memories, drinks coffee , distributes the last money to crooks, cries, but does not want to and cannot do anything.
The second work to which I want to refer is the story of I.A. Bunin "Antonov apples". After reading it, I felt how the author is sad about the old days. He really liked to visit the village in the autumn. With what delight he describes everything that he sees around him. The author notices the beauty of the surrounding world, and we, the readers, learn by his example to appreciate and protect nature, to value simple human communication.
What conclusion can be drawn from the above. We all make mistakes in life. A thinking person, as a rule, learns not to repeat his mistakes, and a fool will step on the same rake over and over again. As we go through life's trials, we become smarter, more experienced, and grow as individuals.

Silin Evgeny 11 "B" class

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Zamyatina Anastasia! Part 1!
"Experience and Mistakes". Why is it necessary to analyze the mistakes of the past?
Each of us makes mistakes. I ... often make mistakes, not regretting them, not reproaching myself, not crying into my pillow, although sometimes it is sad. When at night, in insomnia, you lie, look at the ceiling and remember everything that was once done. At such moments, you think how good everything would be if I acted differently, without making these stupid, meaningless mistakes. But you won’t return anything back, you will get what you got - and this is called experience.


The tragic end of the girl is destined at the beginning, because the author began the work from the end, showing Olya a place in the cemetery. The girl involuntarily lost her innocence with a friend of her father, the brother of the head of the gymnasium, a 56-year-old old man. And now she had no other way out than leaving life ... With ordinary ease, she set up a Cossack, plebeian-looking officer, forcing him to shoot her.

Who has never made a mistake - he did not live. Through the prism of time, most writers through their works try to teach the reader to think deeper, analyze the text and what is hidden under it. All this in order to avoid similar situations and gain life experience without passing it through your own life. Writers seem to foresee that little will change over time: the problems of the past will remain similar to the present. What are the mistakes that some of the works contain?
The first work I would like to start with is a play by A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard". You can find enough different problems in it, but I will focus on two: a break in the connection between a generation and a person’s life path. The image of the cherry orchard symbolizes the noble era. It is impossible to cut the roots of a still blooming and beautiful garden, this will certainly be followed by retribution - for unconsciousness and betrayal of the ancestors. The garden is a tiny subject of memory of the life of the past generation. You might be thinking, “I found something to be upset about. This garden surrendered to you, ”and so on. And what would happen if instead of this garden they razed the city, the village to the ground?? According to the author, the felling of the cherry orchard means the collapse of the homeland of the nobles. For the protagonist of the play, Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, this garden was not only a garden of beauty, but also memories: childhood, home, youth.
The second problem of this work is the life path of a person. Heroes, like Lyubov Andreevna, have a pure and bright soul, generosity and mercy ... Lyubov Andreevna had wealth, and a family, and a happy life, and a cherry orchard .. But at one moment she lost everything. The husband died, the son drowned, two daughters remained. She fell in love with a man with whom she is clearly unhappy, because knowing that he used her, she will return to him in France again: “And what is there to hide or be silent, I love him, that's clear. I love, I love ... This is a stone on my neck, I go to the bottom with it, but I love this stone and I can’t live without it ... ”Also, she carelessly squandered her entire fortune“ she had nothing left, nothing. . ”, “yesterday there was a lot of money, but today there is very little. My poor Varya, out of economy, feeds everyone with milk soup, and I spend it so senselessly ... ”Her mistake was that she did not know how, and she had no desire to solve pressing problems. She could not stop spending, did not know how to manage money, did not know how to EARN it. The garden needs care, but there was no money for it, as a result of which, retribution came: the cherry orchard was sold and cut down. As you know, it is necessary to properly manage money, otherwise you can lose everything to the last penny.

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After analyzing this story, we can change our attitude towards loved ones, preserve the memory of the outgoing and already gone culture. ("Antonov apples") Therefore, it has become a tradition that the samovar is a symbol of the hearth and family comfort.
"This garden was not only a garden of beauty, but also memories: childhood, home, youth" "The Cherry Orchard"). I quoted from your essay, from the arguments. So maybe that's where the problem lies? Question WHY in the topic! Well, formulate the same problem and draw a conclusion! Or will you order me to redo for you ??? Read the recommendations to Nosikov S., who also completed the work, only did it mobilely, took the essay seriously. I get the impression that you're doing everything in a hurry. as if you had no time to deal with all sorts of nonsense like composing ... there are more important things to do ... in that case, it doesn’t count and ... that's it ...

In fact, everyone makes mistakes, there are no exceptions. After all, each of us at least once failed any test at school, because he decided that he would succeed without starting to prepare, or he offended the person dearest to him at that time, with whom communication turned into a huge quarrel, and thus saying goodbye to him forever.
Errors are trifling and large-scale, one-time and permanent, age-old and temporary. What mistakes did you make, and from which did you learn invaluable experience? Which ones did you get acquainted with in the present tense and which ones swept to you through the ages? A person learns not only from his own mistakes, but also from others, and in many problems a person finds an answer precisely in books. Namely, in the classical, for the most part, literature.
The play by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard" shows us the life of Russian lords. The characters in the play are especially interesting to the reader. All of them are connected with the cherry orchard growing near the house and each of them has its own vision. For each of the characters, this garden is something of their own. For example, Lopakhin saw this garden only as a means of extracting material profit, not seeing anything “light and beautiful” in it, unlike the other heroine. Ranevskaya ... for her, this garden was something more than just cherry bushes from which you can make a profit. No, this garden is all her childhood, all her past, all her mistakes and all her best memories. She loved this garden, loved the berries that grew there, and loved all her mistakes and memories that were lived with him. At the end of the play, the garden is cut down, “the sound of an ax is heard like thunder ...”, and all of Ranevskaya’s past disappears with him ...
In contrast to Olya, the author showed the head of the gymnasium where the main character studied. A dull, gray, silver-haired, youthful lady. All that was in her long life was just knitting at her beautiful table in a beautiful office, which Olya liked so much.
The tragic end of the girl is destined at the beginning, because the author began the work from the end, showing Olya a place in the cemetery. The girl involuntarily lost her innocence with a friend of her father, the brother of the head of the gymnasium, a 56-year-old old man. And now she had no other way out than leaving life ... She set up a Cossack, plebeian-looking officer, and he, in turn, shot her in a crowded place, not thinking about the consequences (it was all on emotions).
This story is a warning story for each of us. It shows what not to do and what not to do. After all, there are mistakes in this world, for which, alas, you have to pay with your whole life.
In conclusion, I would like to say that I, yes, I also make mistakes. And you, all of you, do them too. Without all these mistakes, there is no life. Our mistakes are our experience, our wisdom, our knowledge and LIFE. Is it worth analyzing the mistakes of the past? I'm sure it's worth it! Having read, identified errors (and, most importantly, analyzed) from the works of literature and the lives of other people, we ourselves will not allow this and will not survive everything that they experienced.
Who has never made a mistake - he did not live. The first work I would like to start with is a play by A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard". You can find enough different problems in it, but I will focus on two: a break in the connection between a generation and a person’s life path. The image of the cherry orchard symbolizes the noble era. It is impossible to cut the roots of a still blooming and beautiful garden, this will certainly be followed by retribution - for unconsciousness and betrayal of the ancestors. The garden is a tiny subject of memory of the life of the past generation. You might be thinking, “I found something to be upset about. This garden surrendered to you, ”and so on. And what would happen if instead of this garden they razed the city, the village to the ground?? And for the protagonist of the play, Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, this garden was not only a garden of beauty, but also memories: childhood, home, youth. According to the author, the felling of the cherry orchard means the collapse of the homeland of the nobility - the outgoing culture.

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conclusion
Through the prism of time, most writers through their works try to teach the reader to avoid similar situations and gain life experience without passing it through their own lives. Writers seem to foresee that little will change over time: the problems of the past will remain similar to the present. We learn not only from our own mistakes, but also from the mistakes of other people, of another generation. It is necessary to analyze the past in order not to forget one's homeland, the memory of a passing culture, and to avoid generational conflicts. It is necessary to analyze the past in order to follow the right path in life, trying not to step on the same rake.

Many successful people once made mistakes, and it seems to me that if it were not for these very mistakes, then they would not be successful. As Steve Jobs said, “There is no such thing as a successful person who has never stumbled or made a mistake. There are only successful people who made mistakes but then changed their plans based on those very mistakes.” Each of us made mistakes, and received a life lesson, from which each one learned life experience for himself, by analyzing the mistakes made.
Many writers who touched on this topic, fortunately, deeply revealed it and tried to convey their life experience to us. For example, in the play by A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard", the author is trying to convey to the current generation that we are obliged to preserve the monuments of the past. After all, they reflect the history of our state, people and generation. Keeping historical monuments, we show our love for our Motherland. They help us keep in touch with our ancestors through time.
The main character of the play, Ranevskaya, tried with all her might to save the cherry orchard. It was more than just a garden for her, first of all it was a memory of her family nest, a memory of her family. The main mistake of the heroes of this work is the destruction of the garden. After reading this play, I realized how important memory is.
I.A. Bunin "Antonov apples". “The cherished alleys of noble nests”, these words of Turgenev perfectly reflect the content of this work. The author recreates the world of the Russian estate. He mourns the past. Bunin so realistically and closely conveys his feelings through sounds and smells. “The fragrant smell of straw, fallen leaves, mushroom dampness.” and of course the smell of Antonov apples, which become a symbol of Russian landowners. Everything was good: contentment, homeliness, well-being. The estates were built reliably, the landowners hunted in velvet trousers, people walked in clean white shirts, even the old people were “tall, big, white as a harrier”. But all this eventually disappears, ruin comes, everything is no longer so beautiful. Only the subtle smell of Antonov apples remains from the old world ... Bunin is trying to convey to us that we need to keep in touch between times and generations, preserve the memory and culture of the old time, and also love our country as much as he does.
Every person, passing through life, makes certain mistakes. It is human nature to err as soon as due to miscalculations and blunders, he gains experience and becomes wiser.
So in the work of B. Vasiliev "The dawns here are quiet." Far from the front line, Sergeant Major Vaskov and five girls distract the German troops until help arrives to save an important transport artery. They do their job with honor. But having no military experience, they all die. The death of each of the girls is perceived as an irreparable mistake! Sergeant Major Vaskov, fighting, gaining military and life experience, understands what a monstrous injustice it is, the death of girls: “Why is this so? After all, they don’t need to die, but give birth to children, because they are mothers! And every detail in the story, starting with wonderful landscapes, descriptions of the crossing, forests, roads, suggests that lessons must be learned from this experience so that the victims are not in vain. These five girls and their foreman stand as an invisible monument that stands in the middle of the Russian land, as if poured out of thousands of similar destinies, deeds, pain and strength of the Russian people, reminding that starting a war is a tragic mistake, and the experience of the defenders is priceless.
The protagonist of A. Bunin's story, "the gentleman from San Francisco," worked all his life, saved money, and increased his fortune. And so he achieved what he dreamed of, and decided to rest. “Until this time, he did not live, but only existed, though not badly, but still placing all his hopes on the future.” But it turned out that his life had already been lived, that he had only a few minutes left. The gentleman thought that he was just beginning his life, but it turned out that he had already finished it. The gentleman himself, having died in the hotel, of course, did not understand that his whole path was false, that his goals were erroneous. And the whole world around him is false. There is no true respect for others, no close relationship with his wife and daughter - all this is a myth, the result of the fact that he has money. But now he is already floating below, in a tarred soda box, in the hold, and above everyone is also having fun. The author wants to show that such a path awaits everyone if he does not realize his mistakes, does not understand that he serves money and wealth.
Thus, life without mistakes is impossible, the more we realize our mistakes and try to correct them, the more wisdom and life experience we accumulate.

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